Cutting tool

Abstract

A cutting tool comprising at least one blade arranged at an axial cutting head end of a tool carrier. The tool carrier comprises a chip-removal space that receives material chips removed by the blade. In some embodiments, the blade is adjacent to a chip passage feeding into the chip-removal space, which passage is limited by a radial chip gap partially limited by the blade and from there by a first and second passage surface, the first passage surface a continuation of the chip surface of the blade, the second passage surface running at an angle and widening relative to same, and is closed and limited at least in an axial sub-section facing the cutting head end, all around by a peripheral wall as a third passage surface, wherein at least one coolant channel is formed within the peripheral wall, which is provided to guide coolant to the cutting head end.

Claims

1. A cutting tool, comprising a clamping shank and a tool carrier comprising a cutting head and at least a first blade, the cutting head arranged at an axial cutting head end of the tool carrier, wherein: the tool carrier comprises a chip-receiving space, which is molded to receive material chips of a component to be processed by the blade, the tool carrier comprises a first chip gap defined in part by a first surface of the first blade, chips are capable of passing from the first chip gap to the chip-receiving space by passing through at least a first passage, the first passage is defined by at least a first passage first surface, a first passage second surface and a circumferential wall, the first passage first surface defines a plane that includes the first surface of the first blade, the first passage second surface runs at an incline and widens, relative to the first passage first surface, in a direction away from the first chip gap, and at least a first coolant duct, which is provided to guide coolant to the cutting head end, is formed within a portion of the circumferential wall that closes the first passage circumferentially at least in an axial sub-section.

2. The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein at least one chip outlet opening is provided in the circumferential wall on an end of the tool carrier facing the clamping shank.

3. The cutting tool according to claim 2, wherein a chip guiding surface, which is inclined relative to a longitudinal axis of the cutting tool and which is formed to guide chips and/or coolant from the interior of the chip-receiving space to the outside, is provided in the interior of the chip-receiving space in the region of the chip outlet opening.

4. The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein a central coolant passage is provided in the clamping shank and a base section of the tool carrier, which coolant passage is connected to the at least one coolant duct in a transition region between the base section and the cutting head.

5. The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the first passage first surface comprises at least one sub-section of a chip entraining surface adjoining the blade, and the first passage second surface comprises a surface of a chip guiding section, which extends so as to be angled or curved at least section by section in the direction of the clamping shank, in order to widen the first passage from the chip gap in the direction of the chip-receiving space.

6. The cutting tool according to claim 5, wherein the blade comprises a first cutting edge on the axial cutting head end, and a second cutting edge in the region of the circumferential wall of the cutting head, wherein the chip gap extends along the first and the second cutting edge, so that the first passage is open towards the circumferential wall of the tool carrier in the region of the second cutting edge.

7. The cutting tool according to claim 5, wherein the first passage second surface has at least one coolant outlet, which faces the first blade and which is connected to the first coolant duct.

8. The cutting tool according to claim 7, wherein the coolant outlet comprises a groove that runs parallel to a cutting edge of the blade.

9. The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential wall has a cross sectional widening, which is directed inwardly, in the region of the cutting head end, wherein the at least one coolant duct is curved in such a way that coolant also flows through the cross sectional widening.

10. The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein at least part of the first coolant duct is between the first passage and an outer surface of the circumferential wall, radially outward relative to the first passage.

11. The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein at least part of the first coolant duct is between the chip-receiving space and an outer surface of the circumferential wall, radially outward relative to the chip-receiving space.

12. A method for making the cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool carrier is produced by means of an additive manufacturing method by applying material to the clamping shank.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein: the method comprises forming a base section between the clamping shank and the tool carrier, the base section having a central coolant duct, and the tool carrier is produced by means of an additive manufacturing method, by applying material to the base section.

14. The method for a cutting tool according to claim 12, wherein the additive manufacturing method is selective laser melting.

15. The method according to claim 12, wherein: the method comprises forming a base section between the clamping shank and the tool carrier, the base section having a central coolant duct, and the tool carrier is produced by means of selective laser melting, by applying material to the base section.

Description

DRAWINGS

(1) Further advantages follow from the drawing and from the corresponding description of the drawing. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawing. The drawing, the description, and the claims include numerous features in combination. The person of skill in the art will advantageously also consider these features individually and will combine them to expedient further combinations.

(2) FIG. 1 shows a side view of an embodiment of a cutting tool according to the invention;

(3) FIGS. 2 and 3 show sectional illustrations of the cutting tool of FIG. 1 and;

(4) FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of a cutting tool according to the invention;

(5) FIG. 5 shows a front-side view of the embodiment from FIG. 4;

(6) FIGS. 6 and 7 show sectional illustrations of the embodiment according to FIG. 4.

(7) Identical or similar components are numbered with identical reference numerals in the Figures.

(8) FIGS. 1 to 3 show an exemplary embodiment of a cutting tool 10, which can be used, for example, as milling drill or reamer, in particular as water plug drill. The cutting tool 10 is moved in a rotational manner in an operational direction of rotation 52 for processing a component. It comprises a tool carrier 12 and a clamping shank 14, which can be clamped into a bore shank of a machine. The clamping shank 14 can in particular be formed as hollow shank taper for a hollow shank taper receptacle (HSK receptacle).

(9) The tool carrier 12 comprises a cutting head 22, which comprises a central chip-receiving space 26 as well as a cutting region 28 on the cutting head end 24. This region is formed in one piece. Two blades 18, which can be sintered, for example, of a PCD or a CBN material, are fastened to the cutting head end 24. Each blade 18 has a side cutting edge 42 for cutting or reaming a circumferential bore surface, a head cutting edge 40 for cutting or reaming an ingate, and a chamfer cutting edge 38, which is inclined at an angle of approx. 45°, for cutting or reaming a chamfer of a component.

(10) On its end opposite the cutting head end 24, the cutting head 22 merges into a base section 16, which has an enlarged cross section and which is connected to the clamping shank 14. On this base section, the cutting head can be produced, for example directly via an additive manufacturing method, wherein a non-detachable connection between the base section and the cutting head likewise takes place by means of this additive manufacturing method. The base section itself can likewise be produced by means of the additive manufacturing method and by means of the same manufacturing step as the cutting head or the tool carrier, respectively.

(11) The chip-receiving space 26, which is cylindrical at least in sections, is defined by a circumferential wall 66, which, in a region adjoining the base section 16, has two chip outlet openings 54, which are located opposite one another and which provide for an outlet of material chips and coolant from the chip-receiving space 26. Respective chip guiding surfaces 58, which run at an incline with respect to the chip outlet openings 54 and which form a type of wedge and which guide the material chips or the coolant, respectively, in the direction of the chip outlet openings 54, are provided in the interior of the chip-receiving space 26.

(12) As can be seen well in particular in FIG. 2, two coolant ducts 64, which are connected to a central coolant passage 60, which is provided in the clamping shank 14 and the base section 16, are formed in the interior of the circumferential wall 66. The coolant ducts 64 can extend across the circumference in sectors, so that the inner and outer wall of the circumferential wall 66 are only connected there via two relatively narrow webs.

(13) The cutting region 28 comprises a region, in which the head cutting edges 40 process the ingate bottom of a depression, as well as a circumferential region, in which the side cutting edges 42 process a wall surface of the depression. The chamfer cutting edges 38 accordingly process a chamfer surface of the depression. Chips removed by the cutting edges 38, 40, can each enter through a chip gap 44 into a respective funnel-like chip passage 50 formed in the interior of the cutting head 22. Each chip passage 50 is limited by a first passage surface 46 and a second passage surface 48, and widens in a cross section in the direction of the clamping shank 14. The chip passages 50 feed into the chip-receiving space 26, so that chips can be transported through the chip passages 50 into the chip-receiving space 26.

(14) As can be seen well in particular in FIG. 2, the chip surface 30 of the blade 18, together with the chip entraining surface 32, forms the first passage surface 46. A chip guiding section 56, which partially comprises an inner surface of the circumferential wall 66 and partially a second passage surface 48, which is inclined with respect to the first passage surface 46, is located opposite the first passage surface 46 or the chip entraining surface 32, so that the cross section of the chip passage 50 widens, viewed in the direction of the clamping shank 14.

(15) In the region of the chip passage or of the chip entraining surface 32, respectively, the cutting head 22 has a cross sectional widening 58, which is directed inwards and which serves to fasten the blades 18 and to deflect the occurring cutting forces. In the region of this cross sectional widening 68, the coolant ducts 64 are guided in a meander-shaped manner, in order to ensure a sufficient cooling of the cutting head end 24 and to guide the coolant to coolant outlets 62, 63. On the one hand, the coolant ducts 64 feed into a central coolant outlet 63, which is provided on the front side of the cutting head end 24, via branch ducts, which are only illustrated in sections, and, on the other hand, into respective coolant outlets 62, which are provided in the second passage surface 48 and face a respective blade 18 and which can be formed as grooves running parallel to the head cutting edge 40. A coolant flow, which serves to lubricate and cool the cutting edges 38, 40, 42 and simultaneously supports the removal of the chips, is introduced through the coolant outlets 62, 63.

(16) The completely closed shape of the chip passages 50 and of the adjoining chip-receiving space 26 thereby improves the flow pattern of the coolant-chip mixture and prevents that chips get caught circumferentially or that coolant escapes circumferentially from the chip-receiving space 26 or the chip passages, respectively. The longitudinal edges of the coolant outlets 62 running parallel to the head cutting edges 40 simultaneously act as chip breaking edges, which can entrain or break chips, respectively, in order to mold them as small as possible and to transport them through the chip passage 50 into the rearward chip-receiving space 26.

(17) In the case of the cutting tool 10 according to the invention, an effective removal of chips into a rearward chip-receiving space 26 is promoted and the durability, the processing quality, and the operating speed of the cutting tool 10 is thus increased. The coolant ducts 64 running in the circumferential wall 26 thereby effect an efficient cooling of the cutting head 22 as well as a coolant supply to the coolant outlets 62, 63, which is efficient due to the large cross section.

(18) FIGS. 4 to 7 show a further exemplary embodiment of a cutting tool 10. The cutting tool 10 is moved in a rotational manner in an operational direction of rotation 52 for processing a component. It comprises a tool carrier 12 and a clamping shank 14, which can be clamped into a bore shank of a machine. The clamping shank 14 can in particular be formed as hollow shank taper receptacle (HSK receptacle).

(19) The tool carrier 12 comprises a cutting head 22, which comprises two central chip-receiving spaces 26 as well as a cutting region 28 on the cutting head end 24. Two blades 18, which each have a blade carrier, are screwed to the cutting head end 24. Each cutting insert 18 has a side cutting edge 42 for reaming a circumferential bore surface, and a head cutting edge 40 for reaming an ingate of a component.

(20) Each chip-receiving space 26 is in each case defined by a flat chip entraining surface 32 and a chip guiding section 56, which is angled at a right angle thereto, wherein the chip guiding surface 58 is curved concavely in the direction of the clamping shank 14, in order to be able to transport received chips to the outside outside of the processing region. A removal of the chips from the processing region is thus attained by means of the chip guiding surface 58, which points to the outside.

(21) The cutting region 28 comprises a region, in which the head cutting edges 40 ream on the ingate bottom of a depression, as well as a circumferential region, in which the side cutting edges 42 ream a wall surface of a bore or recess. Chips removed by the cutting edges 40, 42 can in each case enter through a chip gap 44 into a respective duct-like chip passage 50, which is formed in the interior of the cutting head 22. Each chip passage 50 is limited by a first passage surface 46 and a second passage surface 48 (both not visible in this illustration), and by a third passage surface in the form of the circumferential wall 66, and widens in its cross section in the direction of the clamping shank 14. The chip passage 50 feeds into the chip-receiving space 26, so that chips can be transported through the chip passage 50 into the chip-receiving space 26.

(22) A chip guiding section 56 of the tool carrier 12 extending from the cutting head end 24 in the direction of the clamping shank 14 has the shape of a quarter section of a circular cylinder, wherein the first quartering surface thereof is cut, and the second quartering surface thereof runs in extension of the chip guiding section 56.

(23) As can be seen well in particular in FIG. 7, the chip guiding surface 30, together with a sub-section of the chip entraining surface 32, forms the first passage surface 46. The cut first quartering surface of the chip guiding section 56 runs opposite the first passage surface 46 and forms the second passage surface 48, wherein the second passage surface 48 is inclined with respect to the first passage surface 46, and has a concave curvature, so that the cross section of the chip passage 50 widens, viewed in the direction of the clamping shank 14.

(24) The circumferential wall 66 (cut away in the illustration of FIG. 7), which can be seen well in FIG. 6, directly adjoins the first and second passage surface 46, 48, and circumferentially limits the chip passage 50 to a majority of its length, i.e. between the chip gap 44 and the chip-receiving space 26. The chip gap 44 extends along the cutting edges 40, 42, so that the chip passage 50 is open towards the circumferential side 66 of the tool carrier 12 in the region of the side cutting edge 42.

(25) Respective transitions between the passage surfaces 46, 48, 54, 58 can be formed to be edge-shaped or continuously, i.e. rounded or so as to merge into one another.

(26) The cutting tool 10 has a coolant duct 66, which is formed as central axial bore and which extends through the clamping shank 14 and the tool carrier 12. On the one hand, the coolant duct 64 feeds into a central coolant outlet 63 provided on the front side of the cutting head end 24 via branch ducts, which are not illustrated in more detail, and, on the other hand, into a respective coolant outlet 62, which is provided in the second passage surface 48 and which faces the cutting insert 18 and which is formed as groove running parallel to the head cutting edge 40. A coolant flow, which serves to lubricate and cool the cutting edges 40, 42 and simultaneously supports the removal of the chips, is introduced through the coolant outlets 62, 63.

(27) The closed shape of the chip passage 50 thereby improves the flow pattern of the coolant-chip mixture and prevents that chips get caught circumferentially or that coolant escapes circumferentially from the chip passage 50. The longitudinal edges of the coolant outlets 62 running parallel to the head cutting edges 40 simultaneously act as chip breaking edges, which can entrain or break chips, respectively, in order to form them as small as possible and to transport them through the chip passage 50 into the rearward chip-receiving space 26.

(28) In the case of the cutting tool 10 according to the invention, an effective removal of chips into a rearward chip-receiving space 26 is promoted and the durability, the processing quality, and the operating speed of the cutting tool 10 is thus increased.

REFERENCE LIST

(29) 10 cutting tool 12 tool carrier 14 clamping shank 16 base section 18 blade 22 cutting head 24 cutting head end 26 chip-receiving space 28 cutting region 30 chip surface 32 chip entraining surface 38 chamber cutting edge 40 head cutting edge 42 side cutting edge 44 chip gap 46 first passage surface 48 second passage surface 50 chip passage 52 operational direction of rotation 54 chip outlet opening 56 chip guiding section 58 chip guiding surface 60 coolant passage 62, 63 coolant outlet 64 coolant duct 66 circumferential wall 68 cross sectional widening