Method for Reducing the Purine Content of Soybean Milk

Abstract

The present disclosure disclosed is a method for reducing the purine content of soybean milk, which belongs to the technical field of food depurination. According to the method, purine-reducing soybeans are taken as raw materials, and macromolecular purine in a bound state is selected to be hydrolyzed into small molecules according to different existence forms of purine in soybeans, and then micromolecular purine is adsorbed and removed by an adsorbent. The method is high in feasibility and good in removal effect. The soybean milk of the present disclosure is safe and non-toxic, high in purine removal rate, and low in nutrient loss, has no obvious change in mouth feel compared with common soybean milk, and can be used as a safe food for gout patients.

Claims

1. A method for reducing the purine content of soybean milk, comprising: preparing soybean milk from purine-reducing soybeans which are used as raw materials, adding exonuclease to the soybean milk for enzymatic hydrolysis, adding an adsorbent to reduce purine through absorption, and obtain a purine-reduced soybean milk product, wherein the purine-reducing soybeans are prepared by using the following method: adding soybeans to an aqueous solution of calcium chloride having a concentration of 1-3% at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:5-1:10 for stirring and soaking, wherein soaking temperature is 50-70 C., and soaking time is 2-4 h; and washing the soaked soybeans with water to remove calcium chloride from surfaces, putting the soaked soybeans into a high-voltage electric field pulse generator, performing treatment with a pulse electric field of 15-30 kv/cm, a pulse number of 15-25 times and a pulse width of 2-6 s, and cleaning to obtain a purine-reducing soybean product, wherein the exonuclease is added in an amount of 1% to 2% (m/v) of the soybean milk.

2. A method comprising: preparing soybean milk from purine-reducing soybeans which are used as raw materials, adding exonuclease to the soybean milk for enzymatic hydrolysis, adding an adsorbent to reduce purine through absorption, and obtain a purine-reduced soybean milk product.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the purine-reducing soybeans are prepared by using the following method: adding soybeans to an aqueous solution of calcium chloride having a concentration of 1-3% at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:5-1:10 for stirring and soaking, wherein soaking temperature is 50-70 C., and soaking time is 2-4 h; and washing the soaked soybeans with water to remove calcium chloride from surfaces, putting the soaked soybeans into a high-voltage electric field pulse generator, performing treatment with a pulse electric field of 15-30 kv/cm, a pulse number of 15-25 times and a pulse width of 2-6 s, and cleaning to obtain a purine-reducing soybean product.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the exonuclease is added in an amount of 1% to 2% (m/v) of the soybean milk.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the reaction condition for the exonuclease is hydrolysis temperature of 40-60 C., a reaction pH of 5-7, and a hydrolysis time of 2-4 h.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the adsorbent is activated carbon, chitosan or a molecular sieve.

7. The method according to claim 2, wherein the adsorbent is added in a ratio of 2% to 4% (m/v), and treatment time is 1 to 2 h.

8. The method according to claim 2, wherein the soybean milk is prepared by using the following method: putting the purine-reducing soybeans into a stirrer at a bean-to-water ratio of 1:4-8, stirring at a predetermined low speed for 1 to 2 minutes, adding an appropriate amount of defoaming agent, stirring at a predetermined medium speed for 1 to 2 minutes, and then grinding for 2 to 5 times by a colloid grinder to obtain soybean milk.

9. A soybean milk drink prepared by using the method according to claim 2.

10. The method according to claim 2, further comprising adding the purine-reduced soybean milk product into other drinks.

11. A soybean milk drink, prepared by a process comprising the following steps: preparing soybean milk from purine-reducing soybeans which are used as raw materials, adding exonuclease to the soybean milk for enzymatic hydrolysis, adding an adsorbent to reduce purine through absorption, and obtain a purine-reduced soybean milk product.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Purine content determination method:

[0017] 10 mL of soybean milk was put into a colorimetric tube with a stopper, 10 mL of perchloric acid was added, the soybean milk was hydrolyzed at 100 C. for 60 min and then rapidly cooled in an ice bath, the pH of a NaOH solution was adjusted to neutral and then adjusted to 4.0 with a dilute phosphoric acid, a precipitate was filtered off with a filter paper, a filtrate was adjusted to a volume of 30 mL, an appropriate amount of the filtrate was treated by a microporous membrane, and then the content was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.

EXAMPLE 1

[0018] Firstly, purine-reducing soybeans were prepared. Soybeans were added to an aqueous solution of calcium chloride having a concentration of 3% at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:5 for stirring and soaking, where a soaking temperature was 50 C., and a soaking time was 2 h; and the soaked soybeans were washed with water to remove calcium chloride from surfaces, put into a high-voltage electric field pulse generator, treated with a pulse electric field of 15 kv/cm, a pulse number of 20 times and a pulse width of 4 s, and then cleaned to obtain a purine-reducing soybean product.

[0019] Then, the foregoing soybeans were put into a stirrer at a bean-to-water ratio of 1:6, stirred at a low speed for 1 minute, stirred at a medium speed for 1 minute after 0.05% (g/g) defoaming agent NaHCO.sub.3 was added, and then ground for 3 times by a colloid grinder to obtain soybean milk.

[0020] Finally, exonuclease was added to the foregoing soybean milk for enzymatic hydrolysis according to the following conditions: the exonuclease was added in an amount of 50:1 (mL:mg), a hydrolysis temperature was 60 C., the pH was 5, and a hydrolysis time was 4 h. At this time, most of bound purine was converted into free purine. Activated carbon was added to the hydrolyzed soybean milk at a ratio of 50:1 (mL:mg), and the mixture was centrifuged after constant-temperature standing for 1 h, so as to obtain soybean milk having a low purine content. The method removes 83.72% of purine in soybean milk compared to soybean milk obtained without any treatment.

EXAMPLE 2

[0021] Firstly, purine-reducing soybeans were prepared. Soybeans were added to an aqueous solution of calcium chloride having a concentration of 1% at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:10 for stirring and soaking, where a soaking temperature was 70 C., and a soaking time was 4 h; and the soaked soybeans were washed with water to remove calcium chloride from surfaces, put into a high-voltage electric field pulse generator, treated with a pulse electric field of 30 kv/cm, a pulse number of 25 times and a pulse width of 6 s, and then cleaned to obtain a purine-reducing soybean product.

[0022] Then, the foregoing soybeans were put into a stirrer at a bean-to-water ratio of 1:6, stirred at a low speed for 1 minute, stirred at a medium speed for 1 minute after 0.05% (g/g) defoaming agent NaHCO.sub.3was added, and then ground for 3 times by a colloid grinder to obtain soybean milk.

[0023] Finally, exonuclease was added to the foregoing soybean milk for enzymatic hydrolysis according to the following conditions: the exonuclease was added in an amount of 50:1 (mL:mg), a hydrolysis temperature was 40 C., the pH was 7, and a hydrolysis time was 4 h. At this time, most of bound purine was converted into free purine. Activated carbon was added to the hydrolyzed soybean milk at a ratio of 50:1 (mL:mg), and the mixture was centrifuged after constant-temperature standing for 2 h, so as to obtain soybean milk having a low purine content. The method removes 87.09% of purine in soybean milk compared to soybean milk obtained without any treatment.

EXAMPLE 3

[0024] Firstly, purine-reducing soybeans were prepared. Soybeans were added to an aqueous solution of calcium chloride having a concentration of 1% at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:10 for stirring and soaking, where a soaking temperature was 60 C., and a soaking time was 3 h; and the soaked soybeans were washed with water to remove calcium chloride from surfaces, put into a high-voltage electric field pulse generator, treated with a pulse electric field of 30 kv/cm, a pulse number of 15 times and a pulse width of 6 s, and then cleaned to obtain a purine-reducing soybean product.

[0025] Then, the foregoing soybeans were put into a stirrer at a bean-to-water ratio of 1:6, stirred at a low speed for 1 minute, stirred at a medium speed for 1 minute after 0.05% (g/g) defoaming agent NaHCO.sub.3 was added, and then ground for 3 times by a colloid grinder to obtain soybean milk.

[0026] Finally, exonuclease was added to the foregoing soybean milk for enzymatic hydrolysis according to the following conditions: the exonuclease was added in an amount of 100:1 (mL:mg), a hydrolysis temperature was 60 C., the pH was 7, and a hydrolysis time was 2 h. At this time, most of bound purine was converted into free purine. Activated carbon was added to the hydrolyzed soybean milk at a ratio of 50:1 (mL:mg), and the mixture was centrifuged after constant-temperature standing for 1 h, so as to obtain soybean milk having a low purine content. The method removes 85.66% of purine in soybean milk compared to soybean milk obtained without any treatment.

EXAMPLE 4

[0027] Firstly, purine-reducing soybeans were prepared. Soybeans were added to an aqueous solution of calcium chloride having a concentration of 3% at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:5 for stirring and soaking, where a soaking temperature was 70 C., and a soaking time was 3 h; and the soaked soybeans were washed with water to remove calcium chloride from surfaces, put into a high-voltage electric field pulse generator, treated with a pulse electric field of 30 kv/cm, a pulse number of 25 times and a pulse width of 6 s, and then cleaned to obtain a purine-reducing soybean product.

[0028] Then, the foregoing soybeans were put into a stirrer at a bean-to-water ratio of 1:6, stirred at a low speed for 1 minute, stirred at a medium speed for 1 minute after 0.05% (g/g) defoaming agent NaHCO.sub.3 was added, and then ground for 3 times by a colloid grinder to obtain soybean milk.

[0029] Finally, exonuclease was added to the foregoing soybean milk for enzymatic hydrolysis according to the following conditions: the exonuclease was added in an amount of 50:1 (mL:mg), a hydrolysis temperature was 50 C., the pH was 6, and a hydrolysis time was 4 h. At this time, most of bound purine was converted into free purine. Activated carbon was added to the hydrolyzed soybean milk at a ratio of 50:1 (mL:mg), and the mixture was centrifuged after constant-temperature standing for 2 h, so as to obtain soybean milk having a low purine content. The method removes 91.38% of purine in soybean milk compared to soybean milk obtained without any treatment.

EXAMPLE 5

[0030] Firstly, purine-reducing soybeans were prepared. Soybeans were added to an aqueous solution of calcium chloride having a concentration of 3% at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:5 for stirring and soaking, where a soaking temperature was 70 C., and a soaking time was 3 h; and the soaked soybeans were washed with water to remove calcium chloride from surfaces, put into a high-voltage electric field pulse generator, treated with a pulse electric field of 20 kv/cm, a pulse number of 20 times and a pulse width of 4 s, and then cleaned to obtain a purine-reducing soybean product.

[0031] Then, the foregoing soybeans were put into a stirrer at a bean-to-water ratio of 1:6, stirred at a low speed for 1 minute, stirred at a medium speed for 1 minute after 0.05% (g/g) defoaming agent NaHCO.sub.3 was added, and then ground for 3 times by a colloid grinder to obtain soybean milk.

[0032] Finally, exonuclease was added to the foregoing soybean milk for enzymatic hydrolysis according to the following conditions: the exonuclease was added in an amount of 50:1 (mL:mg), a hydrolysis temperature was 50 C., the pH was 5, and a hydrolysis time was 3 h. At this time, most of bound purine was converted into free purine. Activated carbon was added to the hydrolyzed soybean milk at a ratio of 50:1 (mL:mg), and the mixture was centrifuged after constant-temperature standing for 2 h, so as to obtain soybean milk having a low purine content. The method removes 94.27% of purine in soybean milk compared to soybean milk obtained without any treatment.

EXAMPLE 6

[0033] Firstly, purine-reducing soybeans were prepared. Soybeans were added to an aqueous solution of calcium chloride having a concentration of 2% at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:10 for stirring and soaking, where a soaking temperature was 70 C., and a soaking time was 2 h; and the soaked soybeans were washed with water to remove calcium chloride from surfaces, put into a high-voltage electric field pulse generator, treated with a pulse electric field of 25 kv/cm, a pulse number of 15 times and a pulse width of 6 s, and then cleaned to obtain a purine-reducing soybean product.

[0034] Then, the foregoing soybeans were put into a stirrer at a bean-to-water ratio of 1:6, stirred at a low speed for 1 minute, stirred at a medium speed for 1 minute after 0.05% (g/g) defoaming agent NaHCO.sub.3 was added, and then ground for 3 times by a colloid grinder to obtain soybean milk.

[0035] Finally, exonuclease was added to the foregoing soybean milk for enzymatic hydrolysis according to the following conditions: the exonuclease was added in an amount of 100:1 (mL:mg), a hydrolysis temperature was 60 C., the pH was 7, and a hydrolysis time was 4 h. At this time, most of bound purine was converted into free purine. Activated carbon was added to the hydrolyzed soybean milk at a ratio of 50:1 (mL:mg), and the mixture was centrifuged after constant-temperature standing for 2 h, so as to obtain soybean milk having a low purine content. The method removes 90.82% of purine in soybean milk compared to soybean milk obtained without any treatment.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1

[0036] First, soybeans not treated with purine reduction was soaked for 10 h, put into a stirrer at a bean-to-water ratio of 1:6, stirred at a low speed for 1 minute, stirred at a medium speed for 1 minute after 0.05% (g/g) defoaming agent NaHCO.sub.3 was added, and then ground for 3 times by a colloid grinder to obtain soybean milk.

[0037] Then, exonuclease was added to the foregoing soybean milk for enzymatic hydrolysis according to the following conditions: the exonuclease was added in an amount of 100:1 (mL:mg), a hydrolysis temperature was 60 C., the pH was 7, and a hydrolysis time was 4 h. Activated carbon was added to the hydrolyzed soybean milk at a ratio of 50:1 (mL:mg), and the mixture was centrifuged after constant-temperature standing for 2 h, so as to obtain soybean milk having a low purine content. The method removes 43.65% of purine in soybean milk compared to soybean milk obtained without any treatment.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2

[0038] Endonuclease was used as hydrolase. Firstly, purine-reducing soybeans were prepared. Soybeans were added to an aqueous solution of calcium chloride having a concentration of 2% at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:10 for stirring and soaking, where a soaking temperature was 70 C., and a soaking time was 2 h; and the soaked soybeans were washed with water to remove calcium chloride from surfaces, put into a high-voltage electric field pulse generator, treated with a pulse electric field of 25 kv/cm, a pulse number of 15 times and a pulse width of 6 s, and then cleaned to obtain a purine-reducing soybean product.

[0039] Then, the foregoing soybeans were put into a stirrer at a bean-to-water ratio of 1:6, stirred at a low speed for 1 minute, stirred at a medium speed for 1 minute after 0.05% (g/g) defoaming agent NaHCO.sub.3 was added, and then ground for 3 times by a colloid grinder to obtain soybean milk.

[0040] Finally, endonuclease was added to the foregoing soybean milk for enzymatic hydrolysis according to the following conditions: the endonuclease was added in an amount of 100:1 (mL:mg), a hydrolysis temperature was 60 C., the pH was 7, and a hydrolysis time was 4 h. Activated carbon was added to the hydrolyzed soybean milk at a ratio of 50:1 (mL:mg), and the mixture was centrifuged after constant-temperature standing for 2 h, so as to obtain soybean milk having a low purine content. The method only removes 66.48% of purine in soybean milk compared to soybean milk obtained without any treatment. The endonuclease is not suitable for the hydrolysis of soybean milk nucleic acids.