METHOD FOR DEFINING AT LEAST ONE BOUNDARY SURFACE INSIDE AN ARTIFICIAL TOOTH ELEMENT

Abstract

A method for defining at least one boundary surface inside an artificial tooth element, the method comprising the steps of: aligning the tooth element with a coordinate system which preferably relates to anatomically defined directional terms; defining a first boundary curve on the tooth surface; determining a tooth surface located incisally/occlusally with respect to the first boundary curve; and moving this tooth surface inwards in the direction of the surface normal by different amounts in order to produce the at least one boundary surface, in particular the first boundary surface, wherein the different amounts of the movement involve variable design parameters.

Claims

1. A method for defining at least one boundary surface inside a digital tooth data model of an artificial tooth element, comprising at least the following steps: defining a first boundary curve on the tooth surface of the artificial tooth element, determining, with respect to the first boundary curve, an incisally/occlusally located tooth surface, and displacing said tooth surface inwards in the direction of the surface normal by different amounts in order to produce the at least one boundary surface, wherein the different amounts of displacement are based on variable design parameters.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the tooth surface is divided into a plurality of partial surfaces.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the partial surfaces are displaced in the direction of the associated surface normal by different amounts in order to produce the at least one boundary surface.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the partial surfaces are displaced in order to form an in particular reduced closed boundary surface (16).

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the variable design parameters describe a maximum first displacement of the tooth surface and a first length for defining a transition surface, wherein in the case of a first displacement there is no displacement yet for anterior and posterior teeth directly at the first boundary curve and for posterior teeth additionally at the central fissure, and wherein the amount of the first displacement in the direction of the surface normal towards incisal/occlusal from the first boundary curve increases steadily until the maximum first displacement is reached, the first length being specified as a design parameter.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the transition surface extends in incisal/occlusal direction.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the transition surface is formed adjacent to the first boundary curve.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first boundary surface is projected by the first length towards incisal/occlusal for defining a second boundary curve, and wherein the transition surface is defined between the first and the second boundary curve.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the variable design parameters describe a displacement of the first boundary surface, in which a third boundary curve is defined by projection of the first or second boundary curve by a second length, and an incisal/occlusal first surface contour is determined as the highest curve on the first boundary surface produced by the first maximum displacement, on which node points are created, the position of which is defined on the first surface contour, and wherein a second surface contour is produced by at least partially displacing the node points in apical and/or incisal/occlusal direction and by connecting the at least partially displaced node points, which defines the maximum second displacement of the first boundary surface in the area of the incisal/occlusal surface contour, and wherein the amount of the second displacement in the direction of the surface normal decreases steadily by a third length for anterior and posterior teeth in apical direction and for posterior teeth also in the direction of the central fissure until at most the third boundary curve or the central fissure, respectively, is reached.

10. The method according to claim 5, wherein the maximum first displacement of the determined tooth surface is about 0 to 4.0 mm and/or wherein the first length has an extension of 0.1 to 10.0 mm.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein for anterior teeth a boundary of the highest curve on the first and/or second incisal/occlusal surface contour is determined by an angle of the tangent on the incisal surface contour (28, 36) in relation to the tooth axis, the angle being 0° to 90°.

12. The method according to claim 9, wherein the beginning, end and course of the incisal surface contour is manually defined or adjusted.

13. The method according to claim 9, wherein the positions of the node points on the incisal surface contour of anterior teeth are specified relative to the total length of the incisal surface contour.

14. The method according to claim 9, wherein the positions of the node points on the incisal/occlusal surface contour of posterior teeth are specified per cusp relative to the lengths of the cusp ridges between the mesial cusp start and the cusp tip or the cusp tip and the distal cusp end, respectively.

15. The method according to claim 9, wherein the displacement of the node points on the incisal/occlusal surface contour in apical direction is in the range of −4.0 mm to +4.0 mm.

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the tooth element is aligned with respect to the anatomically defined directional terms by geometric analysis of the tooth elements and their comparison to reference geometries.

17. The method according to claim 1, wherein the alignment of the tooth element is based on metadata which were generated when producing the outer contour, and/or wherein the tooth element is aligned manually.

18. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first boundary curve is based on detecting the tooth equator as a curve on which at least four node points are described according to the anatomically defined directional terms, which node points are displaced in apical or incisal/occlusal direction by distances defined relative to the tooth size on the tooth surface, and/or wherein the first boundary curve is based on detecting the preparation boundary as a curve on which at least four node points are described according to the anatomically defined directional terms, which node points are displaced in apical or incisal/occlusal direction by distances defined relative to the tooth size or with regard to the distance to the preparation boundary on the tooth surface.

19. The method according to claim 1, wherein the central fissure is determined automatically for posterior teeth by detecting the deepest curve on the occlusal surface leading from mesial to distal.

20. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first and/or second and/or third boundary curve is manually defined or adjusted, and/or wherein the central fissure for posterior teeth is manually defined or adjusted.

21. The method according to claim 1, wherein any layers can be adjusted manually by virtual modelling tools.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In the following, the disclosure is described in more detail by means of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0044] FIG. 1 shows a schematic front view of an artificial tooth element of an anterior tooth,

[0045] FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of an artificial tooth element of an anterior tooth,

[0046] FIGS. 3 and 4 show a schematic front view and side view, respectively, of an artificial tooth element of an anterior tooth according to FIGS. 1 and 2, wherein additional surfaces and curves are illustrated,

[0047] FIGS. 5 and 6 show a schematic front view and side view, respectively, of an artificial tooth element of an anterior tooth according to FIGS. 1 and 2, wherein additional surfaces and curves are illustrated,

[0048] FIG. 7 shows an incisal view of the tooth element shown in FIG. 5,

[0049] FIGS. 8a to 8c show an alternative illustration of FIG. 5 with different tangential angles,

[0050] FIG. 9 shows a schematic illustration of a first and a second surface contour,

[0051] FIG. 10 shows a schematic front view of a tooth element of an anterior tooth according to FIGS. 1 and 2, wherein additional surfaces and curves are illustrated,

[0052] FIG. 11 shows a schematic side view along the section plane XI in FIG. 10,

[0053] FIG. 12 shows a schematic side view of an artificial tooth element of a posterior tooth, and

[0054] FIG. 13 shows a schematic view from incisal of the artificial tooth element of a posterior tooth shown in FIG. 12.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0055] FIGS. 1 and 2 show an artificial tooth element 10 of an anterior tooth in front and side view. This is a three-dimensional outer contour of the tooth element, wherein preferably a corresponding data set has been opened which includes the data of the three-dimensional outer contour of the tooth element. After aligning the tooth element 10 with a (non-illustrated) coordinate system, a first boundary curve 12 is defined, wherein the first boundary curve 12 can be defined manually and/or based on a preparation boundary or based on a tooth equator. In incisal direction, i.e. in FIGS. 1 and 2 above the first boundary curve 12, a tooth surface 14 is defined by the first boundary curve 12.

[0056] The tooth surface 14 is displaced inwards in the direction of the surface normal in order to produce a first boundary surface 16 (FIGS. 3 and 4). Here, a maximum displacement 17 is exemplarily illustrated.

[0057] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, by means of a preferred embodiment of the disclosure, a transition surface 18 extending in incisal direction 19 can be defined from the first boundary curve 12. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the transition surface 18 is defined in such a way that a second boundary curve 20 is defined. The second boundary curve 20 can be defined by a projection of the first boundary curve 12 by a first length 22.

[0058] In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, a third boundary curve 24 (FIGS. 5 and 6) is also defined. The third boundary curve 24 can be defined by projection of the first boundary curve 12 by a second length 26.

[0059] The highest curve on the first boundary surface 16 produced by the first maximum displacement is defined as incisal/occlusal first surface contour 28. The first surface contour 28 has two boundaries 30 or, in particular, a beginning and an end, respectively. Here, the boundaries 30 are defined by tangents 32. In FIG. 5, the tangents 32 have an angle of approx. 45° to the tooth axis 34.

[0060] As shown in FIGS. 8a to 8c, the position of the boundaries 30 changes when the tangential angel changes.

[0061] The course of the first surface contour 28 is shown in plan view or in incisal view (FIG. 7).

[0062] A number of node points (FIG. 9) is defined on the surface contour. As an example, said nodes are designated with node 1 to node 9 and are listed in a table in FIG. 9. As illustrated by arrows, the node points located on the first surface contour 28 are displaced in apical direction. Connecting the displaced nodes results in the second surface contour 36.

[0063] The aforementioned method steps then result in a three-dimensional boundary surface in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, which is defined by the third boundary curve 24, parts of the first boundary surface 16, and the second surface contour 36 (FIGS. 10 and 11). Within this three-dimensional surface, i.e. in the space 38, a different material is provided in a preferred embodiment according to the disclosure than in the volumes of the artificial tooth element 10 surrounding said space. These two volumes are defined in particular by different materials, with the inner volume 38 reproducing the tooth enamel. Here, the boundary surface between the volume forming the tooth enamel and the surrounding volume is not identical to the corresponding boundary surface of the associated natural tooth.

[0064] FIGS. 12 and 13 show the corresponding contours for a posterior tooth, wherein said contour correspond to the contours described for the protruding edge of an anterior tooth. In addition, the central fissure 40 (FIG. 13) is shown. The line illustrating the central fissure 40 has two boundary points 42 which respectively represent the cusp start or the cusp end, respectively. Furthermore, cusp tips 44 are marked on the second surface contour 36. A point 46 designates a cusp end and cusp start of the next cusp.