Method for Operating a Construction-Material and/or Viscous-Material Pump for Conveying Construction Material and/or Viscous Material, and a Construction-Material and/or Viscous-Material Pump

Abstract

A method for operating a construction-material and/or viscous-material pump for conveying construction material and/or viscous material has the steps of: a) determining a required value of a power or of a size of the motor system, corresponding to the power, for moving the conveying piston, b) setting, on the basis of the required value, a speed value of the motor system in such a manner that a power and/or speed reserve value between an operating point, wherein the operating point is defined by the required value of the power or of the size and the speed value, and a characteristic curve of the motor system, wherein the characteristic curve is defined by maximum values of the power or of the size and speed values, wherein maximum values are different for different speed values at least in sections, is greater than or equal to a reserve limit value.

Claims

1.-15. (canceled)

16. A method for operating a construction-material and/or viscous-material pump for conveying construction material and/or viscous material, wherein the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump has: at least one conveying cylinder, the conveying cylinder being designed to receive and discharge construction material and/or viscous material, at least one conveying piston, the conveying piston being arranged movably in the conveying cylinder in order to take in construction material and/or viscous material into the conveying cylinder and in order to displace taken-in construction material and/or viscous material out of the conveying cylinder, and a motor system designed to move the conveying piston, the method comprising the steps of: a) ascertaining a required value (P4B) of a power (P4), or of a variable of the motor system that corresponds to the power, for moving the conveying piston; and b) depending on the required value (P4B), setting a rotational speed value (n4e) of the motor system such that a power and/or rotational speed reserve value (PnR) between an operating point (BP) and a characteristic curve (KL) of the motor system is equal to or greater than a reserve limit value (PnRG), wherein the operating point (BP) is defined by the required value (P4B) of the power (P4) or of the variable and the rotational speed value (n4e), the characteristic curve (KL) is defined by maximum values (P4max) of the power (P4) or of the variable and rotational speed values (n4), wherein the maximum values (P4max) differ at least in part for different rotational speed values.

17. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the maximum values (P4max) increase at least in part for increasing rotational speed values (n4).

18. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein step b) comprises: setting the rotational speed value (n4e) such that the power and/or rotational speed reserve value (PnR) is equal to or less than a further reserve limit value (PnRG), wherein the further reserve limit value (PnRG) is greater than or equal to the reserve limit value (PnRG).

19. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the power and/or rotational speed reserve value (PnR) corresponds to: (i) (maximum value (P4maxe) at the rotational speed value (n4e)?required value (P4B))/maximum value (P4maxe) at the rotational speed value (n4e), and/or (ii) (set rotational speed value (n4e)?rotational speed value (n4max) for a maximum value (P4max) equal to the required value (P4B))/set rotational speed value (n4e), and the reserve limit value (PnRG) corresponds to: at least 2%, at least 5%, at least 10%, and/or the further reserve limit value (PnRG) corresponds to: at most 40%, or at most 30%, or at most 20%.

20. The method as claimed in claim 18, further comprising the step of: ascertaining a present maximum value (P4maxact) at a present rotational speed value (n4act), and wherein step b) comprises: ascertaining a present comparison variable value (P4B/P4maxact), in particular a present power and/or rotational speed reserve value, on the basis of the present maximum value (P4maxact) and the required value (P4B), and comparing the present comparison variable value (P4B/P4maxact) with a comparison variable limit value (P4B/P4maxactG) at least associated with the reserve limit value (PnRG), and in particular a further comparison variable limit value (P4B/P4maxactG) at least associated with the further reserve limit value (PnRG), and setting the rotational speed value (n4e) in a manner dependent on the comparison.

21. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump has a control device, the control device being distinct from the motor system, and the method further comprising the steps of: ascertaining the required value (P4B), and in particular the comparison variable value (P4B/P4maxact), and/or setting the rotational speed value (n4e) by way of the motor system, and ascertaining a setting command (n4eB), in particular comparing the comparison variable value (P4B/P4maxact) with the comparison variable limit value (P4B/P4maxactG), in order to set the rotational speed value (n4e) by way of the control device.

22. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein step a) comprises: ascertaining the required value (P4B) on the basis of at least one part variable (G6) of a part of the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump, the part being distinct from the motor system.

23. The method as claimed in claim 22, wherein at least one of: (i) the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump has a hydraulic drive system, the motor system being designed to move the hydraulic drive system, and a drive piston having a piston rod, of the hydraulic drive system, being designed to move the conveying piston, and the part variable (G6) being a drive variable (G7) of the hydraulic drive system, (ii) the part variable (G6) is a conveying variable (G3) of the conveying piston, or (iii) the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump has an adjustable line switch system, and the part variable (G6) being a switch variable (G10) of the line switch system.

24. The method as claimed in claim 23, wherein at least one of: (i) the drive variable (G7) and/or the conveying variable (G3) is a stroke duration (HZD) and/or a speed (v) of the drive piston, of the piston rod and/or of the conveying piston, (ii) the drive variable (G7) is a drive volume flow (Q7), and/or the conveying variable (G3) is a conveying volume flow (Q3), (iii) the drive variable (G7) is a drive pressure (p7), and/or the conveying variable being a conveying pressure prevailing when construction material and/or viscous material (BDS) is being conveyed, or (iii) the switch variable (G10) is an adjustment duration (VZD) of the line switch system.

25. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the required value (P4B) is a demanded power (P4act), or a variable of the motor system that corresponds to the demanded power, for moving the conveying piston.

26. The method as claimed in claim 16, further comprising the step of: ascertaining the characteristic curve (KL) by interpolation based on interpolation points (SP), the interpolation points (SP) being defined by maximum values (P4max) and rotational speed values (n4).

27. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein steps a) and b) are repeated multiple times during a stroke movement of the conveying piston in the conveying cylinder.

28. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein step a) comprises: ascertaining the required value (P4B) for at least one position (POa, POb), in particular a middle position (POM), of the conveying piston along its stroke (HU) in the conveying cylinder between its end positions (POE), in particular remote from the end positions (POE).

29. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump has a hydraulic drive system, the hydraulic drive system has an axial piston pump with variably adjustable swashplate, the motor system is designed to rotate the axial piston pump, and the axial piston pump is designed to move the conveying piston.

30. A construction-material and/or viscous-material pump for conveying construction material and/or viscous material, comprising: at least one conveying cylinder, the conveying cylinder being designed to receive and discharge construction material and/or viscous material; at least one conveying piston, the conveying piston being arranged movably in the conveying cylinder in order to take in construction material and/or viscous material into the conveying cylinder and in order to displace taken-in construction material and/or viscous material out of the conveying cylinder; and a motor system, the motor system being designed to move the conveying piston; and a controller configured to: ascertain a required value (P4B) of a power, or of a variable of the motor system that corresponds to the power, for moving the conveying piston, and depending on the required value (P4B), to set a rotational speed value (n4e) of the motor system such that a power and/or rotational speed reserve value (PnR) between an operating point (BP) and a characteristic curve (KL) of the motor system is equal to or greater than a reserve limit value (PnRG), wherein the operating point (BP) is defined by the required value (P4B) of the power (P4) or of the variable and the rotational speed value (n4e), the characteristic curve (KL) is defined by maximum values (P4max) of the power (P4) or of the variable and rotational speed values (n4), the maximum values (P4max) differing at least partially for different rotational speed values (n4).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a construction-material and/or viscous-material pump according to the invention for conveying construction material and/or viscous material by way of a method according to the invention for operating the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump.

[0038] FIG. 2 is a graph of a power of a motor system of the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump of FIG. 1 versus a rotational speed of the motor system.

[0039] FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a movement of a conveying piston in a conveying cylinder of the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump for conveying construction material and/or viscous material, a graph of a required value of the power of the motor system of the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump of FIG. 1 versus the time, a graph of the rotational speed of the motor system versus the time, and a graph of an acceleration of accelerated masses of the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump, in particular of a hydraulic drive system of the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump, for example hydraulic liquid, of a drive piston, of a piston rod, of a conveying piston and/or construction material and/or viscous material, versus the time.

[0040] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of the method of FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

[0041] FIG. 1 shows a construction-material and/or viscous-material pump 1 for conveying construction material and/or viscous material BDS.

[0042] FIGS. 1 to 4 show a method for operating the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump 1 for conveying construction material and/or viscous material BDS.

[0043] The construction-material and/or viscous-material pump 1 has at least one conveying cylinder 2a, 2b, at least one conveying piston 3a, 3b and a motor system 4. The conveying cylinder 2a, 2b is configured to receive and discharge, in particular receives and discharges, construction material and/or viscous material BDS, as shown in FIG. 3. The conveying piston 3a, 3b is arranged movably in the conveying cylinder 2a, 2b in order to take in construction material and/or viscous material BDS into the conveying cylinder 2a, 2b and in order to displace taken-in construction material and/or viscous material BDS out of the conveying cylinder 2a, 2b, in particular moves in the conveying cylinder 2a, 2b and takes in construction material and/or viscous material BDS into the conveying cylinder 2a, 2b and displaces taken-in construction material and/or viscous material BDS out of the conveying cylinder 2a, 2b. The motor system 4 is designed to move, in particular moves, the conveying piston 3a, 3b.

[0044] The construction-material and/or viscous-material pump 1 is designed to ascertain, in particular ascertains, a required value P4B of a power P4, or of a variable of the motor system 4 that corresponds to the power, for moving the conveying piston 3a, 3b, as shown in FIG. 2. The construction-material and/or viscous-material pump 1 is designed to set, in particular sets, a rotational speed value n4e of the motor system 4 in a manner dependent on the required value P4B such that a power and/or rotational speed reserve value PnR between an operating point BP and a characteristic curve KL of the motor system 4 is equal to or greater than a reserve limit value PnRG.

[0045] The method has the steps: a) ascertaining the required value P4B of the power P4, or of the variable of the motor system 4 that corresponds to the power, for moving the conveying piston 3a, 3b, and, b) depending on the required value P4B, setting the rotational speed value n4e of the motor system 4 such that the power and/or rotational speed reserve value PnR between the operating point BP and the characteristic curve KL of the motor system 4 is equal to or greater than the reserve limit value PnRG.

[0046] The operating point BP is defined by the required value P4B of the power P4 or of the variable and the rotational speed value n4e. The characteristic curve KL is defined by maximum values P4max of the power P4 or of the variable and rotational speed values n4. Maximum values P4max differ at least in part for different rotational speed values n4.

[0047] In detail, the maximum values P4max increase at least in part for increasing rotational speed values n4.

[0048] Step b) furthermore includes: setting the rotational speed value n4e such that the power and/or rotational speed reserve value PnR is equal to or less than a further reserve limit value PnRG. The further reserve limit value PnRG is greater than or equal to the reserve limit value PnRG.

[0049] Furthermore, the power and/or rotational speed reserve value PnR corresponds to: (maximum value P4maxe at the rotational speed value n4e?required value P4B)/maximum value P4maxe at the rotational speed value n4e, as shown in FIG. 2.

[0050] Additionally or alternatively, the power and/or rotational speed reserve value PnR corresponds to: (set rotational speed value n4e?rotational speed value nmax for a maximum value P4max equal to the required value P4B)/set rotational speed value n4e.

[0051] In particular, the reserve limit value PnRG corresponds to at least 2%, in particular at least 5%, in particular at least 10%.

[0052] Additionally or alternatively, the further reserve limit value PnRG corresponds to at most 40%, in particular at most 30%, in particular at most 20%.

[0053] The method furthermore has the step: ascertaining a present maximum value P4maxact at a present rotational speed value n4act, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4. Step b) includes: ascertaining a present comparison variable value P4B/P4maxact, in particular a present power and/or rotational speed reserve value, on the basis of the present maximum value P4maxact and the required value P4B. Comparing the present comparison variable value P4B/P4maxact with a comparison variable limit value P4B/P4maxactG at least associated with the reserve limit value PnRG, and in particular a further comparison variable limit value P4B/P4maxactG at least associated with the further reserve limit value PnRG. Setting the rotational speed value n4e in a manner dependent on the comparison.

[0054] In the event that, or if, the present comparison variable value P4B/P4maxact is greater than the comparison variable limit value P4B/P4maxactG, the rotational speed value n4e is increased, in particular set, as shown in FIG. 2 by an arrow AR1 pointing to the right. This makes it possible for the power and/or rotational speed reserve value PnR to be equal to or greater than the reserve limit value PnRG.

[0055] In the event that, or if, the present comparison variable value P4B/P4maxact is less than the further comparison variable limit value P4B/P4maxactG, the rotational speed value n4e is lowered, in particular set, as shown in FIG. 2 by an arrow AR2 pointing to the left. This makes it possible for the power and/or rotational speed reserve value PnR to be equal to or less than the further reserve limit value PnRG.

[0056] The construction-material and/or viscous-material pump 1 furthermore has a control device 5, as shown in FIG. 1. The control device 5 is distinct from the motor system 4. The method includes: ascertaining the required value P4B, and in particular the comparison variable value P4B/P4maxact, and/or setting the rotational speed value n4e by means of the motor system 4. The method includes: ascertaining a setting command n4eB, in particular comparing the comparison variable value P4B/P4maxact with the comparison variable limit value P4B/P4maxactG, in order to set the rotational speed value n4e by means of the control device 5.

[0057] At the top in FIG. 4, the required value P4B, and in particular the comparison variable value P4B/P4maxact, is ascertained by means of the motor system 4.

[0058] Additionally or alternatively, in particular in the middle and at the bottom in FIG. 4, step a) includes: ascertaining, in particular calculating as shown by a formula at the bottom in FIG. 4, the required value P4B on the basis of at least one part variable G6 of a part 6 of the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump 1, in particular by means of the control device 5. The part 6 is distinct from the motor system 4.

[0059] In detail, the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump 1 has a hydraulic drive system 7.

[0060] The motor system 4 is designed to move, in particular moves, the hydraulic drive system 7. The hydraulic drive system 7, in particular at least one drive piston 8a, 8b and in particular at least one piston rod 9a, 9b of the hydraulic drive system 7, is designed to move, in particular moves, the conveying piston 3a, 3b. The part variable G6 is a drive variable G7 of the hydraulic drive system 7.

[0061] Additionally or alternatively, the part variable G6 is a conveying variable G3 of the conveying piston 3a, 3b.

[0062] Further additionally or alternatively, the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump has an adjustable line switch system 10. The part variable G6 is a switch variable G10 of the line switch system 10.

[0063] In particular, the drive variable G7 and/or the conveying variable G3 are/is a stroke duration HZD and/or a speed v of the drive piston 8a, 8b, of the piston rod 9a, 9b and/or of the conveying piston 3a, 3b.

[0064] Additionally or alternatively, the drive variable G7 is a drive volume flow Q7.

[0065] Further additionally or alternatively, the conveying variable G3 is a conveying volume flow Q3.

[0066] Further additionally or alternatively, the drive variable G7 is a drive pressure p7, in particular a drive high pressure. Further additionally or alternatively, the conveying variable is a conveying pressure. In particular, the drive pressure p7 and/or the conveying pressure prevail(s), in particular spontaneously and/or in each case, when construction material and/or viscous material BDS is being conveyed.

[0067] Further additionally or alternatively, the switch variable G10 is an adjustment duration VZD of the line switch system 10.

[0068] Furthermore, in the formula shown in FIG. 4, pn is a drive low pressure, q is an overall efficiency, in particular of at least one drive pump as far as the motor system 4, and LKF is a power correction factor.

[0069] In alternative exemplary embodiments, the formula does not need to, or may not, include or utilize the adjustment duration, the stroke duration and/or the power correction factor, or the two final terms/fractions.

[0070] Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the required value P4B is a demanded power P4act, or a variable of the motor system 4 that corresponds to the demanded power, for moving the conveying piston 3a, 3b.

[0071] Furthermore, in particular at the bottom in FIG. 4, the method includes: ascertaining the characteristic curve KL by interpolation on the basis of interpolation points SP, as shown in FIG. 2. The interpolation points SP are defined by maximum values P4max and rotational speed values n4.

[0072] Furthermore, the steps a) and b) are repeated, in particular multiple times, in particular during a stroke movement of the conveying piston 3a, 3b in the conveying cylinder 2a, 2b.

[0073] Step a) furthermore includes: ascertaining the required value P4B for at least one position POa, POb, in particular a middle position POM, of the conveying piston 3a, 3b along its stroke HU in the conveying cylinder 2a, 2b between its end positions POE, in particular remote from the end positions POE.

[0074] In particular, upon a change in direction of the movement of the conveying piston 3a, 3b at the end positions POE, the required value P4B is increased, or has a peak, in particular in relation to the middle position POM, as shown in FIG. 3.

[0075] This, in particular the setting of the rotational speed value n4e in a manner dependent on the required value P4B, in particular ascertained for the position POa, POb between the end positions POE, such that the power and/or rotational speed reserve value PnR is equal to or greater than the reserve limit value PnRG, makes it possible to avoid overloading of the motor system 4 and/or in particular therefore a drop in the rotational speed value n4, which in particular diminish the conveyance of construction material and/or viscous material BDS, in particular at the end positions POE. In other words, at the end positions POE, the in particular increased required value P4B can thus be precisely covered.

[0076] In detail, the hydraulic drive system 7, in particular in the form of a drive pump, has an axial piston pump 11 with variably adjustable swashplate 12. The motor system 4 is designed to rotate, in particular rotates, the axial piston pump 11. The axial piston pump 11 is designed to move, in particular moves, the conveying piston 3a, 3b.

[0077] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump 1, in particular the hydraulic drive system 7, has exactly two conveying cylinders 2a, 2b, exactly two conveying pistons 3a, 3b, exactly two drive pistons 8a, 8b, exactly two drive cylinders 13a, 13b for receiving hydraulic liquid HF and in which the drive pistons 8a, 8b are movably arranged, and/or exactly two piston rods 9a, 9b. In alternative exemplary embodiments, the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump, in particular the hydraulic drive system, may have only a single conveying cylinder, only a single conveying piston, only a single drive piston, only a single drive cylinder and/or only a single piston rod, or at least three conveying cylinders, at least three conveying pistons, at least three drive pistons, at least three drive cylinders and/or at least three piston rods.

[0078] In particular, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump 1, in particular the hydraulic drive system 7, has an oscillation line 14, in particular for hydraulic liquid HF.

[0079] The axial piston pump 11 and the two drive cylinders 13a, 13b form, via the oscillation line 14, an in particular closed drive circuit for hydraulic liquid HF. In other words: the drive cylinders 13a, 13b are connected by means of the oscillation line 14 for a flow or current of hydraulic liquid HF, in particular between the drive cylinders 13a, 13b.

[0080] Furthermore, by means of the oscillation line 14, the drive pistons 8a, 8b and therefore in particular the piston rods 9a, 9b and therefore the conveying pistons 3a, 3b are coupled to one another at least temporarily, in particular continuously over time, in particular in antiphase, in particular in 180-degree antiphase, or for opposite movement.

[0081] Furthermore, the axial piston pump 11 or the drive circuit has a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side, which are in particular cyclically interchanged, in particular during the operation of the construction-material and/or viscous-material pump 1. The construction-material and/or viscous-material pump 1 furthermore has a conveying line 16 and a construction-material and/or viscous-material supply 17. The line switch system 10 is configured to connect, in particular connects, the conveying cylinder 2a, 2b in particular either to the conveying line 16, in one position, or to the construction-material and/or viscous-material supply 17, in another position, for a flow or stream of construction material and/or viscous material BDS.

[0082] In FIG. 1, the line switch system 10 connects the conveying cylinder 2a to the conveying line 16 and connects the conveying cylinder 2b to the construction-material and/or viscous-material supply 17.

[0083] Furthermore, the conveying piston 3b takes in construction material and/or viscous material BDS into the conveying cylinder 2b, in particular from the in particular connected construction-material and/or viscous-material supply 17. The conveying piston 3a, in particular at the same time, displaces taken-in construction material and/or viscous material BDS out of the conveying cylinder 2a, in particular into the in particular connected conveying line 16.

[0084] In the event that, or when, the conveying pistons 3a, 3b have reached their in particular respective end positions POE, the line switch system 10 is adjusted, in particular by means of the control device 5. The line switch 10 thus connects the conveying cylinder 2b to the conveying line 16 and connects the conveying cylinder 2a to the construction-material and/or viscous-material supply 17. The conveying piston 3a thus takes in construction material and/or viscous material BDS into the conveying cylinder 2a, in particular from the in particular connected construction-material and/or viscous-material supply 17. The conveying piston 3b, in particular at the same time, displaces taken-in construction material and/or viscous material BDS out of the conveying cylinder 2b, in particular into the in particular connected conveying line 16.

[0085] The control device 5 furthermore has an in particular electrical signal connection inter alia to, in particular to each of, the motor system 4, the axial piston pump 11 and/or the line switch system 10, as shown by dotted lines in FIG. 1.

[0086] As is made clear by the exemplary embodiments presented and discussed above, the invention provides an advantageous method for operating a construction-material and/or viscous-material pump for conveying construction material and/or viscous material, and an advantageous construction-material and/or viscous-material pump for conveying construction material and/or viscous material, which each have improved characteristics.