Abstract
Gas-insulated electrical switchgear for medium and high-voltage electrical distribution networks that allows configuring different electrical diagrams and that basically consists of a first gas-insulated enclosure (1) and is equipped with at least one electrical connection means (2, 3) and at least one mechanical connection means (4), a second enclosure (11) housed inside the first enclosure (1) and an operating means (5) integrated inside a second enclosure (11) which in turn comprises a gas breaking switch, an actuating element (8) configured to actuate the operating means (5) that performs the functions of breaking, making, disconnecting and grounding, and an operating mechanism (9) to produce actuation of the actuating element (8).
Claims
1. A gas-insulated electrical switchgear for medium and high voltage electrical distribution networks comprising: a first enclosure (1) insulated in a gas and provided with at least one electrical connection means (2, 3) and at least one mechanical connection means (4); an operating means (5) integrated inside a second enclosure (11), arranged between at least one bar (6) of a main circuit and at least one branch bar (7), said operating means (5) comprising a gas breaking switch; an actuating element (8) configured to actuate the operating means (5) that performs the functions of breaking, making, disconnecting and grounding; and an operating mechanism (9) to cause actuation of the actuating element (8); wherein the mechanical connection means (4) couples the operating mechanism (9) to the first enclosure (1); wherein the switchgear further comprises at least one cover (10) that incorporates inside, concentrically, the bars (6) of the main circuit and the branch bars (7), the medium between the bars (6, 7) and the cover (10) being a gas, and in that the first enclosure (1) comprises inside the second enclosure (11) equipped with the operating means (5), as well as the covers (10) that incorporate the bars (6) of the main circuit and branch bars (7); and wherein the covers (10) are made of an electrically non-conductive material and comprise hollow parts, having cylindrical geometry, which are coupled to each other by means of at least one first joining means (13); being the gas-insulated electrical switchgear characterized in that the bars (6) of the main circuit and the branch bars (7) have a cylindrical geometry, and in that they further comprise at least one second joining means (14) that allows joining between bars (6) of the main circuit or joining between branch bars (7).
2. (canceled)
3. (canceled)
4. The gas-insulated electrical switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that the first joining means (13) comprise an elastic material, which allows joining and sealing between the different parts of the cover (10).
5. The gas-insulated electrical switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that the covers (10) comprise at least one closing means (12) intended to be coupled by means of the first joining means (13) to said covers (10) at their open ends.
6. The gas-insulated electrical switchgear according to claim 5, characterized in that the closing means (12) is made of an electrically non-conductive material.
7. (canceled)
8. The gas-insulated electrical switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that the second joining means (14) comprises a rounded piece, at least one fixing point (15) and at least one through hole (21).
9. The gas-insulated electrical switchgear according to claim , characterized in that the first enclosure (1) is sealed, shielded and grounded, as well as insulated in a dielectric gas at a relative pressure.
10. The gas-insulated electrical switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating means (5) comprises a rotary load break switch.
11. The gas-insulated electrical switchgear according to claim 9, characterized in that the electrical connection means (2, 3) and the mechanical connection means (4) are accessible from the outside of the enclosure (1).
12. The gas-insulated electrical switchgear according to claim 11, characterized in that the electrical connection means (2,3) are electrically connected to the bars (6) of the main circuit and the branch bars (7) respectively through electrical connections, said electrical connections being surrounded by a diffuser (16).
13. The gas-insulated electrical switchgear according to claim 12, characterized in that the electrical connection between the electrical connection means (2, 3) and the bars (6, 7) comprises a connector (18) configured to connect at one of its ends to the electrical connection means (2) and at another of its ends to the bar (6) of the main circuit or configured to be connected at one end to the electrical connection means (3) and at the other end to the branch bar (7).
14. The gas-insulated electrical switchgear according to claim 13, characterized in that the connector (18) comprises at least one conductive part (19) and at least one tightening means (20), so that the electrical connection between said at least one conductive part (19) and the bar (6) of the main circuit or branch bar (7) is of the plug-in type.
15. The gas-insulated electrical switchgear according to claim 14, characterized in that the connector (18) comprises a conductive terminal (22) arranged between the bar (6) of the main circuit or the branch bar (7) and said, at least one, conductive part (19).
16. The gas-insulated electrical switchgear according to claim 12, characterized in that the electrical connection means (2, 3) are coupled with the covers (10) by means of the first joining means (13).
Description
DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0035] FIG. 1.Shows a sectioned front elevational view of the electrical switchgear of the invention inside the first gas-insulated enclosure.
[0036] FIG. 2.Shows a sectioned side elevation view of the electrical switchgear in FIG. 1.
[0037] FIG. 3.Shows a sectional detail view of the electrical switchgear, wherein the coupling between the pieces of the cover by means of the first joining means is observed.
[0038] FIG. 4.Shows a sectional detail view of the electrical switchgear, wherein the connection between the bars of the main circuit or between the branch bars by means of the second connection means is observed.
[0039] FIG. 5.Shows a sectional detail view of the electrical switchgear, wherein the electrical connection between an electrical connection means and a bar of the main circuit is observed.
[0040] FIG. 6.Shows a schematic perspective view of the cell that incorporates the electrical switchgear.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
[0041] A preferred embodiment is described below with reference to the figures cited above, without limiting or reducing the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0042] The electrical switchgear object of the present invention is applied in electrical power distribution systems such as, for example, electrical transformation centers, distribution centers, substations, etc., for the protection and operation of electrical circuits. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, said switchgear is integrated inside a first enclosure (1), this first enclosure (1) being able to be watertight, and therefore insulated in a dielectric gas, for example , air, dry air, N.sub.2, O.sub.2, CO.sub.2, or gas mixtures such as fluoroketones with carrier gases such as CO.sub.2, N.sub.2, O.sub.2, air or mixtures thereof, or gas mixtures such as, non-flammable hydrofluoroolefins with carrier gases such as N.sub.2, O.sub.2, dry air, helium, CO.sub.2 or mixtures thereof, etc.
[0043] This first enclosure (1) comprises at least one electrical connection means (2, 3), such as a bushing, and at least one mechanical connection means (4) accessible both from the inside and from the outside, with the switchgear of the invention installed inside said first enclosure (1) and therefore insulated in the same gas contained by the enclosure (1).
[0044] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the electrical switchgear comprises an operating means (5) integrated inside a second enclosure (11), arranged between at least one bar (6) of a main circuit and at least one branch bar (7). The operating means (5) can comprise a gas breaking switch, which can be a load break switch or a circuit breaker. Likewise, said operating means (5) can be a rotary gas breaking switch with at least one fixed contact and one moving contact.
[0045] The electrical switchgear of the invention only comprises a single operating means (5), as can be seen in FIG. 1, which executes all the operating functions, which are the functions of breaking, making, disconnecting and grounding, the electrical switchgear comprising an actuating element (8) configured to actuate the operating means (5) that performs said functions of breaking, making, disconnecting and grounding. Likewise, the electrical switchgear comprises an operating mechanism (9) to produce the actuation of the actuating element (8), and which can be arranged outside the first enclosure (1), as shown in FIG. 6.
[0046] The electrical switchgear also comprises at least one cover (10) that incorporates inside, concentrically, the bars (6) of the main circuit and the branch bars (7), see FIGS. 1 to 5, wherein the medium existing between said bars (6, 7) and the cover (10) is a gas. The cover (10) can comprise one or several hollow pieces of cylindrical geometry made of a plastic material or another non-electrical conducting material. The covers (10) and the operating means (5) are incorporated inside the first gas-insulated enclosure (1). For its part, the operating means (5) can be mounted inside a second enclosure (11) and this second enclosure (11) in turn be mounted inside the first gas-insulated enclosure (1), therefore, the same insulating gas contained in the first enclosure (1) also allows the extinction of the electric arc generated between the contacts of the operating means (5) in the opening and closing operations.
[0047] As can be seen in FIGS. 1-5, the different parts of the cover (10) are coupled to each other by means of at least one first joining means (13), said first joining means (13) being able to comprise a elastic material, such as silicone, in the form of a ring, which allows joining and sealing between the different parts of the cover (10). Those ends of the covers (10) that can remain open are closed by means of a closing means or plug (12), which is coupled by means of the first joining means (13) to said covers (10) at their open ends, with the cover (10) remaining perfectly closed and sealed. Like the covers (10), the closing means or plug (12) is made of a plastic material or another non-electrical conducting material.
[0048] The bars (6) of the main circuit and the branch bars (7) comprise a cylindrical geometry, and also comprise at least one second joining means (14) that allows joining between bars (6) of the main circuit or joining between branch bars (7). As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the second joining means (14) comprises a rounded piece, such as of a ball or ball joint type, at least one fixing point (15) such as a bolt and it can also comprise at least one through hole (21) which can be passed through, for example, by a screw or a threaded stud, in such a way that it allows joining between different pieces of bars (6) or between different pieces of bars (7), thus obtaining, for example, T-bar joints, elbow joints, straight joints or cross joints. In this sense, this second joining means (14) allows obtaining different layouts/distributions both of the bars (6) of the main circuit and of the branch bars (7) inside the first enclosure (1). Likewise, this second joining means (14), due to its rounded shape, allows optimization of the geometry of the electric field in the connections between bars, and these connections also have a high thermal-dynamic resistance. These bars (6, 7), both for the main and branch circuits, are installed concentrically inside the covers (10), so that they are isolated from one another.
[0049] As mentioned above, see FIGS. 1 and 2, the electrical connection means (2, 3) and the mechanical connection means (4) are accessible from the outside of the first enclosure (1), so that the coupling of other elements with the first enclosure(1) is facilitated, such as the actuating mechanism (9) by means of the mechanical connection means (4) and cables of the electrical network or other electrical switchgear by means of the electrical connection means (2, 3), as can be seen in FIG. 6.
[0050] FIGS. 1, 2 and 5 show the way in which the electrical connection means (2) are connected to the bars (6) of the main circuit and the electrical connection means (3) connected to the branch bars (7), these electrical connections being of the plug-in type and comprising around them, surrounding the electrical connections, at least one diffuser (16) in order to control the electric field and to dissipate the heat generated in said electrical connections. Likewise, the electrical connection means (2, 3) are coupled with the covers (10), which incorporate the bars (6) of the main and branch circuit (7), by means of the first joining means (13), wherein the joint between both parts is thus sealed, both mechanically and electrically.
[0051] As can be seen in FIG. 5, there has been considered the possibility that the electrical connection between the bars (6) of the main circuit or the branch bars (7) and the electrical connection means (2, 3) may comprise a connector (18) configured to connect at one of its ends to the electrical connection means (2, 3) and at another of its ends to the bar (6) of the main circuit or to the branch bar (7). Likewise, as shown in said FIG. 5, this connector (18) can comprise at least one conductive part (19) and at least one tightening means (20), such as a spring, so that the electrical connection between said, at least one conductive part (19) and the bar (6) of the main circuit or the branch bar (7) is of the plug-in type. The conductive parts (19) are tightened against the bars (6, 7) (of the main or branch circuit) by means of the tightening means (20), guaranteeing an appropriate electrical contact between said bars (6, 7) and the conductive parts (19). This connector (18) can also comprise a conductive terminal (22) arranged between the bar (6) of the main circuit or the branch bar (7) and said, at least one, conductive part (19) of the connector (18), so that, in this case, the bars (6, 7) are connected to said conductive terminal (22) and the latter is connected to the conductive parts (19).
[0052] As shown in FIG. 6, the electrical switchgear comprises a cable compartment (23) wherein the electrical connection means (3) of the first gas-insulated enclosure (1) are accessible, on which some cables of the electrical network can be connected, and on said cable compartment (23) the operating mechanism (9) incorporated inside a third additional enclosure can be arranged.
