COUPLER HEAD FRONT FACE

Abstract

A coupler face of a coupler head for a rail vehicle has a plurality of contact surface segments which are distributed over the coupler face and elevated with respect to regions of the coupler face adjacent to the contact surface segments, characterized in that the plurality of contact surface segments is formed as a plurality of pads which are removably attached to the coupler face so as to be replaceable upon maintenance or repair services.

Claims

1. A coupler face of a coupler head for a rail vehicle, comprising a plurality of contact surface segments which are distributed over the coupler face and elevated with respect to regions of the coupler face adjacent to the contact surface segments, wherein the plurality of contact surface segments is formed as a plurality of pads which are removably attached to the coupler face so as to be replaceable upon maintenance or repair services.

2. The coupler face according to claim 1, wherein the pads each comprise at least one hole which is adapted to cooperate with a screw in order to releasably connect the pads to the coupler face by means of screws.

3. The coupler face according to claim 2, wherein the pads each comprise at least one threaded hole and the coupler face comprises corresponding through-holes through which screws can reach into the at least one threaded hole of the pads from a rear side of the pads in order to releasably connect the pads to the coupler face by screws.

4. The coupler face according to claim 1, wherein the pads are each arranged in one or more recesses provided in the coupler face.

5. The coupler face according to claim 4, wherein an inward-facing wall of the one or more recesses and at least a portion of a circumferential surface of each of the pads are designed with respect to each other so that the pads are centered relative to the coupler face when placed in the one or more recesses.

6. The coupler face according to claim 1, wherein the pads are made of non-hardened steel, an alloy, a cemented carbide material or a plastic material.

7. The coupler face according to claim 6, wherein the pads are made of a material having a yield strength of at least 600 MPa.

8. The coupler face according to claim 1 wherein the pads are coated with a hydrophobic material.

9. The coupler face according to claim 1, wherein the pads each have a surface relief.

10. The coupler face according to claim 9, wherein the surface relief comprises one or more of: a pattern of erected polyhedrons, a pattern of pyramids or truncated pyramids, and a pattern of grooves which are arranged in parallel to one another.

11. The coupler face according to claim 1, wherein the pads are each provided with a separate heating element.

12. The coupler face according to claim 11, wherein the heating element comprises at least one of a flat sheet placed underneath the respective pad or a wire which is positioned underneath the respective pad in at least one of a correspondingly sized depression on the coupler face or in a correspondingly sized depression on a rear side of the respective pad.

13. The coupler face of claim 1, wherein the pads are elevated with respect to regions of the coupler face adjacent to the pads by between 4 mm and 6 mm.

14. The coupler face of claim 1, wherein at least two pads of the plurality of pads are identical in shape or have a shape mirroring each other, whereby the contour of one of the two pads as seen from a rear side thereof corresponds to the contour of the respective other one of the two pads as seen from a front side thereof.

15. A front plate for a coupler head comprising a coupler face comprising a plurality of contact surface segments which are distributed over the coupler face and elevated with respect to regions of the coupler face adjacent to the contact surface segments, wherein the plurality of contact surface segments is formed as a plurality of pads which are removably attached to the coupler face so as to be replaceable upon maintenance or repair services.

16. A coupler head having a coupler face, or a front plate having a coupler face, comprising a plurality of contact surface segments which are distributed over the coupler face and elevated with respect to regions of the coupler face adjacent to the contact surface segments, wherein the plurality of contact surface segments is formed as a plurality of pads which are removably attached to the coupler face so as to be replaceable upon maintenance or repair services, the coupler head comprising a coupling profile comprising a cone and a cup which allows the cone of the coupler head to be guided into and centered in the cup of an identical opposing coupler head during a coupling process, thereby aligning the two coupler heads.

17. A pad for a coupler face of a coupler head for a rail vehicle comprising at least one threaded hole, wherein the threaded hole is a blind hole on a rear side of the pad.

18. The pad according to claim 17, wherein the pad has a surface relief, wherein the surface relief comprises one or both of: a pattern of one or more of erected polyhedrons, pyramids or truncated pyramids, and a pattern of grooves which are arranged in parallel to one another.

19. A set of pads, wherein each of the pads comprises at least one threaded hole, wherein the threaded hole is a blind hole on a rear side of the pad, wherein at least two pads of the set of pads are identical in shape.

20. A method of maintaining or repairing a coupler head of a rail vehicle, the coupler head having at least one of coupler face, or a front plate having a coupler face, comprising a plurality of contact surface segments which are distributed over the coupler face and elevated with respect to regions of the coupler face adjacent to the contact surface segments, wherein the plurality of contact surface segments is formed as a plurality of pads which are removably attached to the coupler face so as to be replaceable upon maintenance or repair services, the method comprising the steps of removing one or all of the plurality of pads from the coupler face and replacing the removed one or more pads by attaching respective new pads or reattaching the removed one or more pads, wherein the method comprises the step of selecting a pad as the new pad which has a different surface relief than the replaced pad.

21. The method according to claim 20, comprising the step of placing a heating element underneath the new or reattached pad, wherein the step of placing the heating element underneath the new or reattached pad includes positioning a wire in one or both of a correspondingly sized depression on the coupler face and a correspondingly sized depression on a rear side of the pad.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The foregoing summary as well as the following detailed description of preferred embodiments will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure, reference is made to the drawings. The scope of the disclosure, however, is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the drawings. In the drawings:

[0027] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a coupler head,

[0028] FIGS. 2A and 2B are perspective front and rear views, respectively, of the pads of the coupler head shown in FIG. 1, and

[0029] FIGS. 3A and 3B show a pad with a heating element and a partial cross-section thereof, respectively.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a coupler head 1, more specifically a Scharfenberg Type 10 coupler head.

[0031] In general, the coupler head of a Scharfenberg coupling has a coupling profile with a cone (also known as male cone) and a cup (also known as female cone), the cone of one coupler head being guided into and centered in the cup of an identical opposing coupler head during the coupling process, thereby aligning the two coupler heads. Each coupler head contains a rotating metal disc, generally referred to as a hook plate, which constitutes the heart of the coupler head. Attached to one circumferential side of the hook plate is a plunger, generally referred to as a coupling link (also known as a hoop). On the opposing side there is a notch in the hook plate. The rotatable hook plate is urged into a position by a tension spring, in which position the notch is drawn into and the coupling link urged outward of the coupler head. In a ready-to-couple position of the coupler head, a release bar holds the hook plate in a position in which the coupling link is drawn into the coupler head and the notch is accessible from the outside. During coupling, when the cone of one coupler head enters into the cup of an identical opposing coupler head, the cone releases the release bar of the opposing coupler head and, at the same time, the coupling link of the one coupler head presses against the hook plate of the opposing coupler head, thereby causing rotation of its own hook plate. Since the coupler heads are identical, such rotation of the hook plate occurs on both coupler heads simultaneously until the coupling links of both coupler heads couple with the notch in the hook plate of the respective other coupler head. The hook plates are held in this position, i.e. in the coupled position, due to the spring force so that the coupling process is complete. This way, half of the tensile force is transmitted by each of the two coupling links. Uncoupling of the coupler heads requires an external force in order to turn the hook plate of one of the coupler heads against the spring force into its uncoupling position until the coupling link of the coupler head slides out of the notch in the hook plate of the other coupler head and, simultaneously, the release bar moves into its locking position so as to hold the coupler head in the uncoupled or ready-to-couple position. Since the hook plate of the other coupler head follows such movement, actuating the release mechanism of one coupler head simultaneously unlocks both coupler heads and both coupler heads move into their ready-to-couple position.

[0032] The coupler head 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a coupler head housing 2 with a coupler face 3. The coupler face 3 makes part of a front plate 4 which, in this embodiment, is integrally formed with or integrally connected to the coupler head housing 2. Alternatively, the front plate 4 with the coupler face 3 may be detachably connected to the coupler head housing 2.

[0033] The coupler head 1 has, on the one hand, a cone 5 extending from the front plate 4 and, on the other hand, next to the cone 5 a cup 6 extending through the plate 4 into the coupler head housing 2 so as to accommodate therein a corresponding cone of an identical opposing coupler head when two of those coupler heads 1 are coupled together. Pads 7A-7D are shown at a distance from the front plate 4 for being attached to the coupler face 3. The pads 7A-7D are shaped to fit between an outer circumference of the coupler face 3, on the one hand, and the cup 6 and cone 5, on the other hand. The coupler face 3 may be overall flat, if one disregards the cup 6 and cone 5, and the pads 7A-7D cover only a portion of the flat surface of the front plate, preferably 50% thereof or less.

[0034] FIG. 2B illustrates the pads 7A-7D perspectively from their rear sides 7. The pads 7A-7D are each provided with three holes 8, which are threaded holes. There may be provided more or less than the three holes 8. As shown in FIG. 1, the coupler face 3, more specifically the front plate 4, comprises corresponding through-holes 9 through which screws 10 can reach into the threaded holes 8 of the pads 7A-7D, respectively, from the rear side 7 of the pads 7A-7D in order to releasably connect the pads 7A-7D to the coupler face 3 by means of the screws 10. In the embodiment shown, the holes 8 in the pads 7A-7D are blind holes, i.e. they do not extend all the way through the pads 7A-7D.

[0035] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the flat part of the coupler face 3 is provided with recesses 11 into which the pads 7A-7D are fitted when they are attached to the coupler face 3. The recesses 11 have a depth of 15 mm, but the depth may be different within the range of between 3 and 25 mm, and the pads 7A-7D have a thickness sufficiently large so that the pads 7A-7D extend out from the recesses 11 when they are mounted in the recesses 11. In this regard, the base of the recesses 11 may be flat and even and the rear sides 7 of the pads 7A-7D are likewise flat and even. In any case, the respective two surfaces should mate so as to provide full contact in order that loads acting on the pads 7A-7D are properly transmitted to the coupler head 1. The depth of the recesses 11 and the thickness of the pads 7A-7D are designed so that the pads 7A-7D are elevated with respect to those regions of the coupler face 3 which are located adjacent to the pads 7A-7D, preferably by between 4 mm and 6 mm, more preferably by 5 mm.

[0036] The recesses 11 have an inward-facing wall 12 and the pads 7A-7D each have a circumferential surface 13, wherein the inward-facing wall 12 and the circumferential surface 13 are designed with respect to each other such that the pads 7A-7D are centered relative to the coupler face 3 when they are placed into the recesses 11. More specifically, the inner circumferential contours of the recesses 11 correspond to the outer circumferential contours of the pads 7A-7D in shape and size. In other words, the pads 7A-7D fit exactly in the recesses 11. This has the advantage that lateral forces acting on the pads 7A-7D are counteracted by the inward-facing wall 12 of the recesses 11. This way, the danger of breakage of the screws 10 is limited because the screws 10 do not have to bear such lateral forces. A further advantage of the matching contours is that a single screw 10 may be sufficient for each pad 7A-7D in order to fix it in a corresponding recess 11.

[0037] As mentioned before, the pads may be made of different materials, such as non-hardened steel, an alloy or even a plastic material. Furthermore, the pads may be coated, in particular coated with a hydrophobic material which may provide water repellency and/or with a hydrogel which may reduce ice formation on the pads 7A-7D.

[0038] While the pads 7A-7D preferably have the same surface structure, FIG. 1 shows the pads 7A-7D as having four different surface structures, which is for illustrative purpose only. In the simplest case, the surface structure is overall flat, as shown on the pad 7D. However, more preferably the surface structure of the pads 7A-7D comprises a surface relief, e.g. one of those surface reliefs as shown on the pads 7B-7D.

[0039] FIG. 2A shows the surface structures of the pads 7A-7D somewhat enlarged. Accordingly, the pad 7A has on its front side a regular pattern of circular depressions. The pad 7B has on its front side a regular pattern of grooves arranged in parallel to one another. And pad 7C has on its front side a regular pattern of erected polyhedrons, the polyhedrons in this particular embodiment having the form of truncated pyramids. These and other surface structures may be combined.

[0040] Turning back to FIG. 1, a heating element 14 is shown to be placed between the pad 7C and the corresponding recess 11. Electric energy for heating the heating element 14 is provided by electric wiring 15. In the embodiment shown, the heating element 14 is formed as a flat sheet to be placed underneath the pad 7C. Corresponding heating elements 14 may be provided underneath the other pads 7A, 7B and 7D. An insulating material (not shown) may be provided on the bottom of the recess 11 and/or on the rear side of the heating element 14 (not shown).

[0041] According to another embodiment, the heating element 14 has the form of a wire which is positioned underneath each of the pads 7A-7D in a correspondingly sized depression on the coupler face 3 and a correspondingly sized depression on the rear side 7 of the pads 7A-7D (not shown). For instance, the coupler face 3 may be provided with a depression having a rectangular cross-section and a depth corresponding to half of the width of the heating element 14 (or somewhat more than this) and the pad 7 may be provided with a depression on its rear side 7 having a semi-circular cross-section (or somewhat less than semi-circular) to match with the surface of the heating element 14.

[0042] Alternatively, the depression may be provided only on the rear side 7 of the pad 7, an example of which being shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B. That is, FIG. 3A illustrates a pad 7 from the rear side 7 thereof, with a depression 7 provided in the rear side 7. The heating element 14 in the form of a wire is placed in the depression 7. FIG. 3B shows a partial cross-section thereof. As can be seen, the depression 7 has a semi-cylindrical bottom so as to match the shape of the cylindrical heating element 14 and, thus, provide optimum heating transfer between the heating element 14 and the pad 7. The depth of the depression 7 coincides with the diameter of the heating element 14 so that, when the pad 7 is mounted on the coupler face 3, the heating element 14 is securely held in contact with the semi-cylindrical bottom of the depression 7.

[0043] Turning back to FIG. 1 again, the four pads 7A-7D are arranged at opposing corner areas of the coupler face 3. Those pads 7A, 7C and 7B, 7D arranged in mutually opposing corners of the coupler face 3 are identical in shape. This way, the number of different spare parts to be held available on stock can be reduced to only two different types of pads. A number of different pads can even be reduced further to only one type by designing all pads 7A-7D so as to be identical in shape. As can be seen from FIG. 1, this is a realistic option.

[0044] During maintenance or repair services of a corresponding coupler head, one or all of the pads 7A-7D may be removed from the coupler face 3 and either replaced or, if only the heating element 14 needs to be replaced, subsequently reattached to the face plate 3. In particular, the new pads to be attached to the face plate 3 may be chosen to have a different surface relief than the replaced pads. In the case where the heating element 14 comprises a wire to be positioned underneath a respective pad, such as the cylindrical heating element 14, this may be positioned e.g. in the depression 7 on the rear side 7 of the pad 7.

[0045] Preferred examples of the present disclosure are specified in the following paragraphs:

1. A coupler face (3) of a coupler head (1) for a rail vehicle, comprising a plurality of contact surface segments which are distributed over the coupler face (3) and elevated with respect to regions of the coupler face (3) adjacent to the contact surface segments, characterized in that the plurality of contact surface segments is formed as a plurality of pads (7A-7D) which are removably attached to the coupler face (3) so as to be replaceable upon maintenance or repair services.
2. The coupler face (3) according to paragraph 1, wherein the pads (7A-7D) each comprise at least one hole (8) which is adapted to cooperate with a screw (10) in order to releasably connect the pads (7A-7D) to the coupler face (3) by means of screws.
3. The coupler face (3) according to paragraph 1 or 2, wherein the pads (7A-7D) each comprise at least one threaded hole (8) and wherein the coupler face (3) comprises corresponding through-holes (9) through which screws (10) can reach into the at least one threaded hole (8) of the pads (7A-7D) from a rear side (7) of the pads (7A-7D) in order to releasably connect the pads (7A-7D) to the coupler face (3) by means of screws.
4. The coupler face (3) according to paragraph 3, wherein the threaded hole (8) is a blind hole on a rear side (7) of the respective pad.
5. The coupler face (3) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the pads (7A-7D) are each arranged in one or more recesses (11) provided in the coupler face (3).
6. The coupler face (3) according to paragraph 5, wherein an inward-facing wall (12) of the one or more recesses (11) and at least a portion of a circumferential surface (13) of each of the pads (7A-7D) are designed with respect to each other so that the pads (7A-7D) are centered relative to the coupler face (3) when placed in the one or more recesses (11).
7. The coupler face (3) according to paragraph 5 or 6, wherein an inner circumferential contour of each of the recesses (11) corresponds to an outer circumferential contour of a corresponding one of the plurality of pads (7A-7D) in shape and size.
8. The coupler face (3) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the pads (7A-7D) are made of non-hardened steel.
9. The coupler face (3) according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 8, wherein the pads (7A-7D) are made of a material having a yield strength of at least 600 MPa.
10. The coupler face (3) according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 9, wherein the pads (7A-7D) and the coupler face are made of the same material.
11. The coupler face (3) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the pads (7A-7D) are coated.
12. The coupler face (3) according to paragraph 11, wherein the pads (7A-7D) are coated with a hydrophobic material.
13. The coupler face (3) according to paragraph 11 or 12, wherein the pads (7A-7D) are coated with a polytretrafluoroethylene material (PTFE).
14. The coupler face (3) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the pads (7A-7D) each have a surface relief.
15. The coupler face (3) according to paragraph 14, wherein the surface relief comprises a pattern of erected polyhedrons.
16. The coupler face (3) according to paragraph 15, wherein the polyhedrons have the form of pyramids or truncated pyramids.
17. The coupler face (3) according to any one of paragraphs 14 to 16, wherein the surface relief comprises pattern of grooves which are arranged in parallel to one another.
18. The coupler face (3) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the pads (7A-7D) are each provided with a separate heating element (14).
19. The coupler face (3) according to paragraph 18, wherein the heating element (14) is a flat sheet placed underneath the respective pad.
20. The coupler face (3) according to paragraph 18, wherein the heating element (14) comprises a wire which is positioned underneath the respective pad in a correspondingly sized depression on the coupler face (3) and/or in a correspondingly sized depression (7) on a rear side (7) of the respective pad (7).
21. The coupler face (3) according to paragraph 20, wherein one or both of the depression on the coupler face (3) and a side of the wire facing away from the pad is provided with a heat insulation.
22. The coupler face (3) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein the pads (7A-7D) are elevated with respect to regions of the coupler face (3) adjacent to the pads (7A-7D) by between 4 mm and 6 mm, preferably 5 mm.
23. The coupler face (3) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein four pads (7A-7D) of the plurality of pads (7A-7D) are arranged in opposing corner areas of the coupler face.
24. The coupler face (3) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein all pads (7A-7D) or at least two pads (7A, 7C; 7B, 7D) of the plurality of pads (7A-7D) are identical in shape.

[0046] 25. The coupler face (3) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein at least two pads (7A, 7B; 7C, 7D) of the plurality of pads (7A-7D) have a shape mirroring each other, i.e. the contour of one (7A; 7C) of the two pads (7A, 7B; 7C, 7D) as seen from a rear side (7) thereof corresponds to the contour of the respective other one (7B; 7D) of the two pads (7A, 7B; 7C, 7D) as seen from a front side thereof.

26. A front plate (4) for a coupler head (1) with a coupler face (3) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs.
27. A coupler head (1) having a coupler face (3) or a front plate (4) with a coupler face (3) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs.
28. The coupler head according to paragraph 27, comprising a coupling profile with a cone (5) and a cup (6) which allows the cone (5) of the coupler head (1) to be guided into and centered in the cup (6) of an identical opposing coupler head (1) during a coupling process, thereby aligning the two coupler heads (1).
29. A pad (7) for a coupler face (3) of a coupler head (1) for a rail vehicle comprising at least one threaded hole (8).
30. The pad according to paragraph 29, wherein the threaded hole (8) is a blind hole on a rear side (7) of the pad (7).
31. The pad according to paragraph 29 or 30, wherein the pad (7) is made of non-hardened steel.
32. The pad according to paragraph 29 or 30, wherein the pad (7) is made from a cemented carbide material.
33. The pad according to paragraph 29 or 30, wherein the pad (7) is made of a material having a yield strength of at least 600 MPa.
34. The pad according to any one of paragraphs 29 to 33, wherein the pad (7) is coated.
35. The pad according to paragraph 34, wherein the pad (7) is coated with a hydrophobic material.
36. The pad according to paragraph 34 or 35, wherein the pad (7) is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material.
37. The pad according to any one of paragraphs 29 to 36, wherein the pad (7) has a surface relief.
38. The pad according to paragraph 37, wherein the surface relief comprises a pattern of erected polyhedrons.
39. The pad according to paragraph 38, wherein the polyhedrons have the form of pyramids or truncated pyramids.
40. The pad according to any one of paragraphs 37 to 39, wherein the surface relief comprises a pattern of grooves which are arranged in parallel to one another.
41. A set of pads (7A-7D) according to any one of paragraphs 29 to 40, wherein all pads (7A-7D) or at least two pads (7A, 7C; 7B, 7D) are identical in shape.
42. A method of maintaining or repairing a coupler head (1) of a rail vehicle, the coupler head (1) having a coupler face (3) according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 25 or a front plate (4) according to paragraph 26, the method comprising the steps of removing one or all of the plurality of pads (7A-7D) from the coupler face (3) and replacing the removed one or more pads (7A-7D) by attaching respective new pads or reattaching the removed one or more pads (7A-7D).
43. The method according to paragraph 42, comprising the step of selecting a pad as the new pad which has a different surface relief than the replaced pad.
44. The method according to paragraph 42 or 43, comprising the step of placing a heating element (14) underneath the new or reattached pad.
45. The method according to paragraph 44, wherein the step of placing the heating element (14) underneath the new or reattached pad includes positioning a wire in one or both of a correspondingly sized depression on the coupler face (3) and a correspondingly sized depression on a rear side (7) of the pad (7).