INDUSTRIAL FABRIC

Abstract

Each of upper surface side warps arranged vertically with lower surface side warps in pairs has a common weaving pattern excluding binding wefts. Binding warps constitute at least one of two warps vertically arranged forming pairs. In the pairs formed by the binding warps and the warps arranged vertically with the binding warps, the warps complement each other to form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side warp and a weaving pattern for one lower surface side warp, respectively, The upper surface side warps and the binding warps are interwoven with the upper surface side wefts to form an upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. The lower surface side warps and the binding warps are interwoven with the lower surface side wefts to form a lower surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row.

Claims

1. An industrial fabric in which an upper surface side fabric and a lower surface side fabric are bound, wherein the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric are formed by interweaving warps and wefts, wherein the wefts include: binding wefts that bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric; upper surface side wefts that form a part of the upper surface side fabric; and lower surface side wefts that form a part of the lower surface side fabric; wherein the warps include: binding warps that bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric; upper surface side warps that are interwoven with the upper surface side wefts without being interwoven with the lower surface side wefts so as to form a part of the upper surface side fabric; and lower surface side warps that are interwoven with the lower surface side wefts without being interwoven with the upper surface side wefts so as to form a part of the lower surface side fabric, wherein each of the upper surface side warps arranged vertically with the lower surface side warps so as to form pairs has a common weaving pattern excluding the binding wefts, wherein the binding warps constitute at least one of two of the warps vertically arranged forming pairs, wherein in the pairs formed by the binding warps and the warps arranged vertically with the binding warps, the binding warps and the warps complement each other so as to form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side warp and a weaving pattern for one lower surface side warp, respectively, wherein the upper surface side warps and the binding warps are interwoven with the upper surface side wefts so as to form the upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row, wherein the lower surface side warps and the binding warps are interwoven with the lower surface side wefts so as to form the lower surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row, and wherein the binding wefts form knuckles that pass above two or less of the upper surface side warps consecutively and are not adjacent to one another in the warp direction.

2. An industrial fabric in which an upper surface side fabric and a lower surface side fabric are bound, wherein the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric are formed by interweaving warps and wefts, wherein the wefts include: binding wefts that bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric; upper surface side wefts that form a part of the upper surface side fabric; and lower surface side wefts that form a part of the lower surface side fabric; wherein the warps include: binding warps that bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric; upper surface side warps that are interwoven with the upper surface side wefts without being interwoven with the lower surface side wefts so as to form a part of the upper surface side fabric; and lower surface side warps that are interwoven with the lower surface side wefts without being interwoven with the upper surface side wefts so as to form a part of the lower surface side fabric, wherein the binding warps constitute at least one of two of the warps vertically arranged forming pairs, wherein in the pairs formed by the binding warps and the warps arranged vertically with the binding warps, the binding warps and the warps complement each other so as to form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side warp and a weaving pattern for one lower surface side warp, respectively, wherein the upper surface side warps and the binding warps are interwoven with the upper surface side wefts and the binding wefts so as to form the upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row, wherein the lower surface side warps and the binding warps are interwoven with the lower surface side wefts so as to form the lower surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row, wherein the binding wefts have a first binding weft and a second binding weft that are arranged being adjacent to each other in a pair, wherein in the pair formed by the first binding weft and the second binding weft that are adjacent to each other, the first binding weft and the second binding weft complement each other so as to form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side weft on a obverse surface of the upper surface side fabric, and wherein the first binding weft and the second binding weft each form knuckles that pass above two or less of the upper surface side warps consecutively, wherein the upper surface side warps include an upper surface side collapsing yarn that vertically forms a pair with the binding warps, and wherein the upper surface side collapsing yarn passes below the upper surface side wefts and collapses a part of the upper surface side obverse surface texture at a position where the binding warps form knuckles on the upper surface side wefts.

3. The industrial fabric according to claim 1, wherein the binding warps have a first binding warp and a second binding warp vertically arranged forming a pair.

4. The industrial fabric according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface side warps include an upper surface side collapsing yarn that vertically forms a pair with the binding warps, and wherein the upper surface side collapsing yarn passes below the upper surface side wefts and collapses a part of the upper surface side obverse surface texture at a position where the binding warps form knuckles on the upper surface side wefts.

5. The industrial fabric according to claim 1, wherein the binding wefts have a diameter smaller than that of the lower surface side wefts.

6. The industrial fabric according to claim 1, wherein a diameter of the upper surface side warps and a diameter of the binding warps are the same.

7. The industrial fabric according to claim 1, wherein the binding wefts form knuckles that pass below two or less of the lower surface side warps consecutively.

8. The industrial fabric according to claim 2, wherein the binding warps have a first binding warp and a second binding warp vertically arranged forming a pair.

9. The industrial fabric according to claim 2, wherein the binding wefts have a diameter smaller than that of the lower surface side wefts.

10. The industrial fabric according to claim 2, wherein a diameter of the upper surface side warps and a diameter of the binding warps are the same.

11. The industrial fabric according to claim 2, wherein the binding wefts form knuckles that pass below two or less of the lower surface side warps consecutively.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] According to the present invention, industrial fabrics can be provided that suppress a decrease in the surface properties and a decrease in the air permeability while ensuring the binding force.

[0009] FIG. 1 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric according to the first embodiment.

[0010] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along warps in the design diagram shown in FIG. 1.

[0011] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along wefts in the design diagram shown in FIG. 1.

[0012] FIG. 4 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric according to the second embodiment.

[0013] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along warps in the design diagram shown in FIG. 4.

[0014] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along wefts in the design diagram shown in FIG. 4.

[0015] FIG. 7 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric according to the third embodiment.

[0016] FIG. 8 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric according to the fourth embodiment.

[0017] FIG. 9 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric according to the fifth embodiment.

[0018] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along warps in the design diagram shown in FIG. 9.

[0019] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along wefts in the design diagram shown in FIG. 9.

[0020] FIG. 12 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric according to the sixth embodiment.

[0021] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along warps in the design diagram shown in FIG. 12.

[0022] FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along wefts in the design diagram shown in FIG. 12.

[0023] FIG. 15 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric according to the seventh embodiment.

[0024] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along warps in the design diagram shown in FIG. 15.

[0025] FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along wefts in the design diagram shown in FIG. 15.

[0026] FIG. 18 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric according to the eighth embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] In the following explanation, warps are threads extending along the direction of web conveyance, and wefts are threads extending in a direction that intersects the warps, when a multi-layered fabric for papermaking constitutes a looped belt. The upper surface side fabric is a fabric located on the obverse surface side where the web is conveyed out of the two sides of a papermaking mesh when a multi-layered fabric is used as the papermaking mesh, and the lower surface side fabric is a fabric located mainly on the reverse surface side where a drive roller is in contact out of the two sides of a papermaking belt. The obverse surface simply means a surface on the side where the upper surface side fabric or the lower surface side fabric is exposed. While the obverse surface of the upper surface side fabric corresponds to the obverse surface side of a papermaking mesh, the obverse surface of the lower surface side fabric corresponds to the reverse surface side of the papermaking mesh.

[0028] Further, the term design diagram represents the minimum repeating unit of a textile texture and corresponds to a weave repeat of the textile. In other words, the term weave repeat is repeated from front to back and left to right to form a textile. Further, knuckle refers to a part where a warp is exposed on the obverse surface after passing above or below a single or multiple wefts.

[0029] Further, binding warps means at least some of warps that make up the upper surface side fabric (or lower surface side fabric) and are yarns that bind the upper surface side fabric with the lower surface side fabric by the weaving of a weft of the lower surface side fabric (or the upper surface side fabric) from the reverse surface side (or the obverse surface side) with a warp that should normally be woven with only a weft of the upper surface side fabric (or the lower surface side fabric). Further, binding wefts means at least some of wefts that make up the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric and are yarns that bind the upper surface side fabric with the lower surface side fabric by the weaving of a warp of the lower surface side fabric (or the upper surface side fabric) from the reverse surface side (or the obverse surface side) with a weft that should normally be interwoven only with a warp of the upper surface side fabric (or the lower surface side fabric).

First Embodiment

[0030] FIG. 1 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric 10 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along warps in the design diagram shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along wefts in the design diagram shown in FIG. 1.

[0031] In the design diagrams, warps are represented by Arabic numerals, for example, 1, 2, 3, and so on. Wefts are represented by Arabic numerals with a dash, for example, 1, 2, 3, and so on. Upper surface side yarns are denoted by numbers with U, and lower surface side yarns are denoted by numbers with L, e.g., 1U, 2L, etc. Binding warps binding the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric are denoted by numbers with B, and a first binding warp and a second binding warp are denoted as Bf and Bs, respectively. Binding wefts binding the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric are also denoted by numbers with B, and a first binding weft and a second binding weft are denoted as Bf and Bs, respectively.

[0032] In the design diagrams, ? marks indicate that first binding warps are arranged below lower surface side wefts, ? marks indicate that second binding warps are arranged above upper surface side wefts, x marks indicate that upper surface side warps and the first binding warps are arranged above the upper surface side wefts, o marks indicate that lower surface side warps and the second binding warps are arranged below the lower surface side wefts, Q marks indicate that binding wefts are arranged below lower surface side warps or binding warps, and ? marks indicate that binding wefts are arranged above upper surface side warps or binding warps. The ? marks, the ? marks, the x marks, the o marks, the Q marks, and the ? marks indicate knuckles. These notations are used in the same manner in FIG. 4 and subsequent figures.

[0033] In the industrial fabric 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an upper surface side fabric formed including upper surface side warps (1U to 8U) and upper surface side wefts (1U to 4U and 6U to 9U) and a lower surface side fabric formed including lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) and lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, and 8L) are bound to each other by binding warps (4B and 8B) and binding wefts (5B and 10B).

[0034] The upper surface side wefts (1U to 4U and 6U to 9U) form a part of the upper surface side fabric. The lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, and 8L) form a part of the lower surface side fabric. The binding warps (4B and 8B) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric and each form a part of the upper surface side fabric and a part of the lower surface side fabric. Although the binding wefts (5B and 10B) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric, the binding wefts are not included in a weaving pattern of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric.

[0035] The weaving method of each warp and each weft in the industrial fabric 10 will be explained next with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B and FIGS. 3A and 3B. The upper surface side wefts, the lower surface side wefts, and the binding wefts shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B are arranged in the same manner.

[0036] FIG. 2A shows a form in which a pair formed by the upper surface side warp 1U and the lower surface side warp 1L is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts. As shown in FIG. 2A, the upper surface side warp 1U is woven above and below the upper surface side wefts (1U to 4U and 6U to 9U) alternately one by one, passes above the upper surface side wefts (2U, 4U, 7U, and 9U) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes below the upper surface side wefts (1U, 3U, 6U, and 8U). Further, although the binding wefts are not included in a weaving pattern in which the upper surface side warp 1U is woven above and below the upper surface side wefts alternately one by one, the upper surface side warp 1U passes above the binding wefts (5B and 10B).

[0037] The upper surface side warps (3U, 5U, and 7U) is interwoven with the upper surface side wefts (1U to 4U and 6U to 9U) in the same manner as the upper surface side warp 1U. The upper surface side warps (2U and 6U) are each woven above and below the upper surface side wefts (1U to 4U and 6U to 9U) alternately one by one in the same manner as the upper surface side warp 1U except that the interweaving position is shifted by one in the warp direction compared to the upper surface side warp 1U. As described, the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) have the same weaving pattern, form knuckles at constant intervals with respect to the upper surface side wefts (1U to 4U and 6U to 9U), and are woven alternately without destroying the obverse surface texture. The upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) are not interwoven with the lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, and 8L) but are interwoven only with the upper surface side wefts (1U to 4U and 6U to 9U) and the binding wefts (5B and 10B) so as to form a part of the upper surface side fabric.

[0038] The lower surface side warp 1L passes below the lower surface side weft 1L so as to form a knuckle and passes above the three lower surface side wefts (3L, 6L, and 8L). Further, although the binding wefts are not included in a weaving pattern in which the lower surface side warp 1L passes below one lower surface side weft and above three lower surface side wefts, the lower surface side warp 1L passes below the binding wefts (5B and 10B). Although the lower surface side warps (2L, 3L, and 5L to 7L) include those whose weaving position is shifted in the warp direction from that of the lower surface side warp 1L, the lower surface side warps have the same weaving pattern as that of the lower surface side warp 1L and are woven passing below one lower surface side weft and above three lower surface side wefts. As described, the lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) are not interwoven with the upper surface side wefts (1U to 4U and 6U to 9U) but are interwoven only with the lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, and 8L) and the binding wefts (5B and 10B) so as to form a part of the lower surface side fabric.

[0039] The upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) have a common weaving pattern except for the binding wefts (5B and 10B). That is, the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) each have a weaving pattern in which the upper surface side warps are each woven above and below the upper surface side wefts (1U to 4U and 6U to 9U) alternately one by one, except for the binding wefts (5B and 10B).

[0040] Further, the lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) also have a common weaving pattern except for the binding wefts (5B and 10B) and have a weaving pattern in which the lower surface side warps are interwoven with the lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, and 8L) while passing below one of the lower surface side wefts and above three of the lower surface side wefts. As described, the binding wefts (5B and 10B) are not included in a weaving pattern of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric.

[0041] FIG. 2B shows a form in which a pair formed by the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts. The upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B form a pair facing each other vertically and intersect with each other due to the binding by the binding warp 4B.

[0042] The upper surface side warp 4U passes above the upper surface side wefts (3U, 6U, and 8U) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes below the upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 4U, 7U, and 9U). The upper surface side warp 4U passes above the binding wefts (5B and 10B).

[0043] The binding warp 4B passes below the lower surface side weft 6L so as to form a knuckle and forms a knuckle N1 passing above the upper surface side weft 1U. With respect to the lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, and 8L), the binding warp 4B passes below one lower surface side weft and above three lower surface side wefts so as to form knuckles at constant intervals on the lower surface side fabric and is interwoven without destroying the reverse surface texture. The binding warp 4B passes below the binding wefts (5B and 10B).

[0044] For the upper surface side fabric, the binding warp 4B passes above the upper surface side weft 1U for binding so as to form only one knuckle N1 on the obverse surface side and passes below the upper surface side wefts (2U to 4U, and 6U to 9U).

[0045] The pair formed by the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B has a common weaving pattern with the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) and the lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) except for the binding wefts (5B and 10B). That is, the pair formed by the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B has a weaving pattern of being interwoven with the upper surface side wefts (1U to 4U and 6U to 9U) in which the pair is woven above and below the upper surface side wefts alternately one by one except for the binding wefts (5B and 10B) and has a weaving pattern of being interwoven with the lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, and 8L) in which the pair is woven passing below one of the lower surface side wefts and above three of the lower surface side wefts. Although the weaving position is shifted in the warp direction, the pair formed by the upper surface side warp 8U and the binding warp 8B has the same weaving pattern as that of the pair formed by the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B and exhibits the same function.

[0046] At the position where the binding warp 4B forms a knuckle N1 on the obverse surface side, the upper surface side warp 4U does not form a knuckle on the obverse surface side after passing below the upper surface side weft 1U and acts as an upper surface side collapsing yarn 4U that collapses a part of the upper surface side obverse surface texture.

[0047] The upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B complement each other in the obverse surface texture of the upper surface side fabric, thereby forming the same obverse surface texture as that of the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) other than the upper surface side warp 4U (upper surface side collapsing yarn) and forming the same number of knuckles as the number of the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) other than the upper surface side collapsing yarn 4U in the upper surface side obverse surface texture. As described, in the pair formed by the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B, the warps complement each other so as to form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side warp and a weaving pattern for one lower surface side warp, respectively. The weaving pattern of the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B does not include the binding wefts (5B and 10B). This prevents the binding warp 4B from lowering the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric. Further, by using a pair formed by the upper surface side collapsing yarn 4U and the binding warp 4B for the binding, a decrease in the surface properties can be suppressed compared to a case where binding warps are vertically provided.

[0048] The upper surface side warps (1U to 8U) and the binding warps (4B and 8B) are interwoven with the upper surface side wefts (1U to 4U and 6U to 9U) so as to form an upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U) and the binding warps (4B and 8B) form knuckles that are separated at constant intervals on the upper surface side fabric. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

[0049] The lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) and the binding warps (4B and 8B) are interwoven with the lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, and 8L) so as to form a lower surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) and the binding warps (4B and 8B) form knuckles that are separated at constant intervals on the lower surface side fabric. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the lower surface side fabric.

[0050] The upper surface side warps (1U to 8U) and the binding warps (4B and 8B) are formed with the same diameter but may be formed with different diameters in another embodiment. Since the binding warps (4B and 8B) also appear on the obverse surface on the upper surface side, a decrease in the surface properties can be suppressed by making the diameter the same as that of the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U). The diameter of the lower surface side warps may be larger than the diameter of the upper surface side warps. By setting the diameter of the lower surface side warps to be larger than the diameter of the upper surface side warps, the rigidity and warp-direction elongation characteristics of the industrial fabric 10 can be improved.

[0051] FIG. 3A shows a form in which a pair formed by the upper surface side weft 3U and the lower surface side weft 3L is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side warps and the binding warps. As shown in FIG. 3A, the upper surface side weft 3U is woven above and below the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U) alternately one by one, passes above the upper surface side warps (2U, 4U, 6U, and 8U) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes below the upper surface side warps (1U, 3U, 5U, and 7U). The upper surface side wefts (2U, 4U, and 7U to 9U) have the same weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side weft 3U and are each woven above and below the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U) alternately one by one. Further, although the upper surface side wefts (1U and 6U) have the same weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side weft 3U, the weaving target with which the upper surface side wefts are to be interwoven includes the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U) and binding warps.

[0052] The lower surface side weft 3L passes below six warps (1L to 3L, 4B, 5L, and 8B) located on the lower surface side so as to form a long knuckle and passes above two lower surface side warps (6L and 7L). The warps located on the lower surface side include not only the lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) but also the binding warps (4B and 8B). Although the lower surface side wefts (1L, 6L, and 8L) include those whose weaving position is shifted in the weft direction from that of the lower surface side weft 3L, the lower surface side wefts have the same weaving pattern as that of the lower surface side weft 3L, pass below six warps located on the lower surface side so as to form a long knuckle, and pass above two warps located on the lower surface side.

[0053] FIG. 3B shows a form in which the binding weft 5B is interwoven with upper surface side warps and lower surface side warps. The binding weft 5B passes above six warps (1L, 4B, 5L to 7L, and 8B) located on the lower surface side and passes below two warps (2L and 3L) located on the lower surface side so as to form knuckles. The binding weft 5B passes above the upper surface side warp 6U so as to form knuckles and passes below the other upper surface side warps (1U to 5U, 7U, and 8U). That is, the binding weft 5B forms one knuckle on the upper surface side obverse surface texture and one knuckle on the lower surface side obverse surface texture.

[0054] The binding weft 5B forms a knuckle N2 that passes above two or less upper surface side warps 6U out of the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U). In other words, the binding weft 5B does not form knuckles that pass consecutively above three or more upper surface side warps out of the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U). The knuckle N2 formed on the upper surface side by the binding weft 5B passes above one upper surface side warp 6U. Thereby, the durability of the binding weft 5B can be improved by reducing the part of the binding weft 5B that is exposed on the obverse surface on the upper surface side, and damage to the binding weft 5B caused by a high-pressure washing shower or the like installed in a paper machine can be suppressed. Further, by reducing the part of the binding weft 5B that is exposed on the obverse surface on the reverse surface side, it is possible to suppress the wear of the binding yarn caused due to a drive roll, etc., or the suction box of the paper machine. Further, the binding warp 5B forms knuckles that pass below two or less warps (2L and 3L) located on the lower surface side out of the lower surface side warps and the binding warps, that is, the warps (1L to 3L, 4B, 5L to 7L, and 8B) located on the lower surface side. Thereby, the part of the binding weft 5B that is exposed on the obverse surface on the lower surface side can be reduced. Although the weaving position is shifted in the weft direction compared to that of the binding weft 5B, the binding weft 10B has the same weaving pattern and exhibits the same function.

[0055] The industrial fabric 10 is bound by the binding wefts (5B and 10B) arranged apart in the warp direction and a pair formed by the binding warps (4B and 8B) and the upper surface side warps. Thus, the industrial fabric 10 can be bound with an appropriate binding force that can suppress internal wear of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric. In addition to binding with the binding warps, binding with binding wefts that are not incorporated into the weaving pattern allows for the setting of an appropriate binding force compared to simply increasing the number of binding warps and thus allows for the suppression of a decrease in the surface properties and the air permeability.

[0056] The binding wefts (5B and 10B) are arranged such that the binding wefts are not adjacent in the warp direction. This allows the binding positions to be dispersed, dehydration inhibition due to binding to be suppressed, and air permeability to be improved.

[0057] The diameter of the binding wefts (5B and 10B) is smaller than the diameter of the lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, and 8L) and is set to half the size or less, for example. Thereby, even if the binding wefts (5B and 10B) are not included in a predetermined weaving pattern of each warp, deviations in the predetermined weaving pattern can be suppressed.

[0058] Further, the binding wefts (5B and 10B) are formed so as to be less exposed to the obverse surface compared to the lower side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, and 8L). While the binding wefts (5B and 10B) pass below two warps out of the warps (1L, 4B, 5L to 7L, and 8B) located on the lower surface side so as to be exposed on the obverse surface on the lower surface side, the lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, and 8L) pass below six warps out of the warps (1L, 4B, 5L to 7L, and 8B) located on the lower surface side so as to be exposed on the obverse surface on the lower surface side. Thereby, the wear of the binding wefts (5B and 10B) having a small diameter can be suppressed.

[0059] The number of all the warps (1U to 8U, 1L to 3L, 4B, 5L to 7L, and 8B) forming the weave repeat is a multiple of four. This makes it possible to work for weaving methods such as plain weave, twill weave, 2/2 weave where two threads are woven alternately, 1/2 weave, and 1/4 weave.

Second Embodiment

[0060] FIG. 4 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric 20 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along warps in the design diagram shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along wefts in the design diagram shown in FIG. 4.

[0061] In an industrial fabric 20 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, an upper surface side fabric formed including upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) and upper surface side wefts (1U to 3U, 5U to 8U, 10U to 13U, 15U to 18U, and 20U) and a lower surface side fabric formed including lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) and lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, 8L, 11L, 13L, 16L, and 18L) are bound to each other by the first binding warps (4Bf and 8Bf), the second binding warps (4Bs and 8Bs), and the third binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B). The first binding warps (4Bf and 8Bf) and the second binding warps (4Bs and 8Bs) are simply referred to as binding warps when the binding warps are not to be distinguished.

[0062] The upper surface side wefts (1U to 3U, 5U to 8U, 10U to 13U, 15U to 18U, and 20U) form a part of the upper surface side fabric. The lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, 8L, 11L, 13L, 16L, and 18L) form a part of the lower surface side fabric. The binding warps (4Bf, 4Bs, 8Bf, and 8Bs) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric and each form a part of the upper surface side fabric and a part of the lower surface side fabric. Although the binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric, the binding wefts are not included in a weaving pattern of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric.

[0063] FIG. 5A shows a form in which a pair formed by the upper surface side warp 1U and the lower surface side warp 1L is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts. As shown in FIG. 5A, the upper surface side warp 1U is interwoven with the upper surface side wefts (1U to 3U, 5U to 8U, 10U to 13U, 15U to 18U, and 20U) while passing above one upper surface side weft so as to form a knuckle and then passing below three upper surface side wefts, which are alternately repeated. Further, although the binding wefts are not included in a weaving pattern in which the upper surface side warp 1U is interwoven with the upper surface side wefts, the upper surface side warp 1U passes above the binding wefts (4B, 9B, and 19B) and passes below the binding weft 14B.

[0064] The upper surface side warp 5U has the same weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side warp 1U and has a weaving pattern where the upper surface side warp 5U goes up and down by alternately passing above one upper surface side weft and below three upper surface side wefts. Although the weaving position is shifted in the warp direction compared to that of the upper surface side warp 1U, the upper surface side warps (2U, 3U, 6U, and 7U) have the same weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side warp 1U and have a weaving pattern where the upper surface side warps go up and down by alternately passing above one upper surface side weft and below three upper surface side wefts.

[0065] As described, the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) have the same weaving pattern except for the binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B), form knuckles at constant intervals with respect to the upper surface side wefts (1U to 3U, 5U to 8U, 10U to 13U, 15U to 18U, and 20U), and are interwoven without destroying the obverse surface texture. Without being interwoven with the lower surface side wefts, the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) are interwoven only with the upper surface side wefts and the binding wefts so as to form a part of the upper surface side fabric. The upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) have a common weaving pattern for the wefts except for the binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B).

[0066] The lower surface side warp 1L passes below the lower surface side wefts (6L and 13L) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes above the two lower surface side wefts (8L and 11L) and above the four lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 16L, and 18L) between the knuckles. Further, the lower surface side warp 1L passes below the binding wefts (9B, 14B, and 19B) and passes above the binding weft 4B. The lower surface side warps (2L, 3L, and 5L to 7L) have the same weaving pattern as that of the lower surface side warp 1 and are woven passing below one lower surface side weft, above two lower surface side wefts, below one lower surface side weft, and above four lower surface side wefts. As described, without being interwoven with the upper surface side wefts, the lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) are interwoven only with the lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts so as to form a part of the lower surface side fabric.

[0067] Further, the lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) also have a common weaving pattern except for the binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B) and have a weaving pattern in which the lower surface side warps are woven while passing below one lower surface side weft, above two lower surface side wefts, below one lower surface side weft, and above four lower surface side wefts. As described, the binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B) are not included in a weaving pattern of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric.

[0068] FIG. 5B shows a form in which a pair formed by the first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts. The first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs form a pair facing each other vertically and intersect with each other due to binding. The upper surface side wefts, the lower surface side wefts, and the binding wefts shown in FIG. 5B are arranged in the same manner as the arrangement of the wefts shown in FIG. 5A.

[0069] The first binding warp 4Bf passes above the upper surface side wefts (3U, 13U, and 18U) so as to form three knuckles and passes below the upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U to 8U, 10U to 12U, 15U to 17U, and 20U). Further, the first binding warp 4Bf passes above the binding wefts (4B, 14B, and 19B) and passes below the binding weft 9B. The first binding warp 4Bf passes below the lower surface side weft 8L so as to form one knuckle and passes above the lower surface side wefts other than the lower surface side weft 8L.

[0070] The second binding warp 4Bs passes above the upper surface side weft 8U so as to form one knuckle and passes below the lower surface side weft 16L so as to form one knuckle. The second binding warp 4Bs passes below the upper surface side wefts other than the upper surface side weft 8U and passes above the lower surface side wefts other than the lower surface side weft 16L. The second binding warp 4Bs passes below the binding wefts (4B, 14B, and 19B) and passes above the binding weft 9B.

[0071] The pair formed by the first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs has a weaving pattern of being interwoven with the upper surface side wefts (1U to 3U, 5U to 8U, 10U to 13U, 15U to 18U, and 20U) in which the pair is woven passing alternately above one upper surface side weft and below three lower surface side wefts, except for the binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B). The pair formed by the first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs has a weaving pattern of being interwoven with the lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, 8L, 11L, 13L, 16L, and 18L) in which the pair is woven passing above one lower surface side weft, above two lower surface side wefts, below one lower surface side weft, and above four lower surface side wefts, except for the binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B).

[0072] As described, the pair formed by the first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs has a common weaving pattern with the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) and the lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) except for the binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B). This allows the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric to be improved. Although the weaving position is shifted in the warp direction, the pair formed by the first binding warp 8Bf and the second binding warp 8Bs has the same weaving pattern as that of the pair formed by the first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs and exhibits the same function.

[0073] The first binding warps (4Bf and 8Bf) and the second binding warps (4Bs and 8Bs) are interwoven with the upper surface side wefts so as to form an upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the upper surface side warps and the first and second binding warps form knuckles that are separated at constant intervals on the upper surface side fabric. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

[0074] The pair formed by the first binding warps (4Bf and 8Bf) and the second binding warps (4Bs and 8Bs) is interwoven with the lower surface side wefts so as to form a lower surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the lower surface side warps and the first and second binding warps form knuckles that are separated at constant intervals on the lower surface side fabric. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the lower surface side fabric.

[0075] The upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U), the first binding warps (4Bf and 8Bf), and the second binding warps (4Bs and 8Bs) are formed with the same diameter but may be formed with different diameters in another embodiment. Since the first binding warps (4Bf and 8Bf) and the second binding warps (4Bs and 8Bs) also appear on the obverse surface on the upper surface side, a decrease in the surface properties can be suppressed by making the diameters the same as that of the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U). The diameter of the lower surface side warps may be larger than the diameter of the upper surface side warps. By setting the diameter of the lower surface side warps to be larger than the diameter of the upper surface side warps, the rigidity and warp-direction elongation characteristics of the industrial fabric 10 can be improved.

[0076] In the industrial fabric 10 shown in FIG. 1, the binding is achieved by the pair formed by a binding warp and an upper surface side warp. In the industrial fabric 20 shown in FIG. 4, the binding is achieved by the pair formed by the first and second binding warps. Vertical binding achieved by the pair formed by the first and second binding warps can increase the binding force. In any embodiment, binding warps constitute at least one of two warps vertically arranged.

[0077] FIG. 6A shows a form in which a pair formed by the upper surface side weft 1U and the lower surface side weft 1L is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side warps. As shown in FIG. 6A, the upper surface side weft 1U is interwoven with the warps (1U to 3U, 4Bf, 5U to 7U, and 8Bf) located on the upper surface side while passing above one warp and below three warps alternately, passes above the upper surface side warps (3U and 7U) so as to form two knuckles, respectively, and passes below the upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 5U, and 6U) and the first binding warps (4Bf and 8Bf). The other upper surface side wefts (2U, 3U, 5U to 8U, 10U to 13U, 15U to 18U, and 20U) has the same weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side weft 1U, are interwoven with the warps (1U to 3U, 4Bf, 5U to 7U, and 8Bf) located on the upper surface side with respect to the upper surface side warps and the first binding warps while passing above one warp and below three warps alternately, and each passes above the upper surface side warps so as to form two knuckles.

[0078] The lower surface side weft 1L passes below six consecutive warps (1L, 4Bs, 5L to 7L, and 8Bs) located on the lower surface side so as to form a long knuckle and passes above two consecutive lower surface side warps (2L and 3L). Although some of the lower surface side wefts (3L, 6L, 8L, 11L, 13L, 16L, and 18L) have a weaving position that is shifted in the weft direction from that of the lower surface side weft 1L, the lower surface side wefts have the same weaving pattern as that of the lower surface side weft 1L, pass below six warps located on the lower surface side so as to form a long knuckle, and pass above two warps located on the lower surface side.

[0079] FIG. 6B shows a form in which the binding weft 9B is interwoven with upper surface side warps, lower surface side warps, and binding warps. The arrangement of the upper surface side warps, the lower surface side warps, and the first and second binding warps shown in FIG. 6B is the same except that the first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs are upside down.

[0080] The binding weft 9B passes above six warps (1L to 3L, 4Bf, 5L, and 8Bs) located on the lower surface side and passes below two warps (6L and 7L) located on the lower surface side so as to form knuckles. The binding weft 9B passes above the upper surface side warp 3U so as to form knuckles and passes below the other upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 4Bs, 5U to 7U, and 8Bf). That is, the binding weft 9B forms one knuckle on the upper surface side obverse surface texture and one knuckle on the lower surface side obverse surface texture.

[0081] The binding weft 9B forms a knuckle N2 that passes above two or less upper surface side warps 3U out of the warps (1U to 3U, 4Bs, 5U to 7U, and 8Bf) located on the upper surface side. In other words, the binding weft 9B does not form a knuckle that consecutively passes above three or more warps out of the warps (1U to 3U, 4Bs, 5U to 7U, and 8Bf) located on the upper surface side. The knuckle N2 formed on the upper surface side by the binding weft 9B passes above one upper surface side warp 3U. Thereby, the part of the binding weft 9B that is exposed on the obverse surface on the upper surface side can be reduced such that the durability of the binding weft 9B can be improved. Although the weaving position is shifted in the weft direction compared to that of the binding weft 9B, the binding wefts (4B,14B, and 19B) have the same weaving pattern and exhibit the same function.

[0082] The industrial fabric 20 is bound by the binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B) arranged apart in the warp direction and a pair formed by the first binding warps (4Bf and 8Bf) and the second binding warps (4Bs and 8Bs). Thus, the industrial fabric 20 can be bound with an appropriate binding force that can suppress internal wear of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric. In addition to binding with the binding warps, binding with binding wefts that are not incorporated into the weaving pattern allows for the setting of an appropriate binding force compared to simply increasing the number of binding warps.

[0083] The binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B) are arranged such that the binding wefts are not adjacent in the warp direction. This allows the binding positions to be dispersed, dehydration inhibition due to binding to be suppressed, and air permeability to be improved.

[0084] The diameter of the binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B) is smaller than the diameter of the lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, 8L, 11L, 13L, 16L, and 18L) and is set to half the size or less, for example. Thereby, even if the binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B) are not included in a predetermined weaving pattern of each warp, deviations in the predetermined weaving pattern can be suppressed.

[0085] The binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B) are formed in such a manner that the binding wefts are less exposed to the surface than the lower surface side wefts (1L, 3L, 6L, 8L, 11L, 13L, 16L, and 18L). Thereby, the wear of the binding wefts (4B, 9B, 14B, and 19B) having a small diameter can be suppressed.

Third Embodiment

[0086] FIG. 7 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric 30 according to the third embodiment. Compared to the industrial fabric 10 shown in FIG. 1, the industrial fabric 30 according to the third embodiment is different in that the industrial fabric 30 has a larger number of wefts and has 24 weft rows. Further, there is a difference that the binding wefts of the industrial fabric 10 shown in FIG. 1 are arranged with four consecutive upper surface side wefts interposed therebetween while the binding wefts of the industrial fabric 30 are arranged with two consecutive upper surface side wefts interposed therebetween. The increase in the number of binding wefts can improve the binding force.

[0087] Meanwhile, points at which the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface fabric are bound by a pair formed by an upper surface side collapsing yarn and a binding warp and a binding weft in the industrial fabric 30 are the same as those in the industrial fabric 10 shown in FIG. 1.

Fourth Embodiment

[0088] FIG. 8 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric 40 according to the fourth embodiment. Compared to the industrial fabric 10 shown in FIG. 1, the industrial fabric 40 according to the fourth embodiment is different in that the industrial fabric 40 has a larger number of wefts and has 12 weft rows. Further, there is a difference that the binding wefts of the industrial fabric 10 shown in FIG. 1 are arranged with four consecutive upper surface side wefts interposed therebetween while the binding wefts of the industrial fabric 40 are arranged with two consecutive upper surface side wefts interposed therebetween.

[0089] Meanwhile, points at which the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface fabric are bound by a pair formed by an upper surface side collapsing yarn and a binding warp and a binding weft in the industrial fabric 40 are the same as those in the industrial fabric 10 shown in FIG. 1.

Fifth Embodiment

[0090] FIG. 9 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric 50 according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along warps in the design diagram shown in FIG. 9. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along wefts in the design diagram shown in FIG. 9.

[0091] In an industrial fabric 50 according to the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 9, an upper surface side fabric formed including upper surface side warps (1U to 12U) and upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, 14U, 17U, 18U, 21U, and 22U) and a lower surface side fabric formed including lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, and 10L) and lower surface side wefts (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L, 13L, 14L, 17L, 18L, 21L, and 22L) are bound to each other by the binding warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, and 12B), the first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf), and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs). The first binding wefts and the second binding wefts are simply referred to as binding wefts when the binding wefts are not to be distinguished.

[0092] The upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, 14U, 17U, 18U, 21U, and 22U) form a part of the upper surface side fabric. The lower surface side wefts (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L, 13L, 14L, 17L, 18L, 21L, and 22L) form a part of the lower surface side fabric. The binding warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, and 12B) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric and each form a part of the upper surface side fabric and a part of the lower surface side fabric. The first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf) and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric so as to form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side weft and are thus included in a weaving pattern of the upper surface side warps and the binding warps unlike the industrial fabrics according to the first exemplary embodiment to the fourth exemplary embodiment.

[0093] FIG. 10A shows a form in which a pair formed by the upper surface side warp 1U and the lower surface side warp 1L is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts. The upper surface side wefts, the lower surface side wefts, and the binding wefts shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B are arranged in the same manner. The upper surface side warp 1U and the lower surface side warp 1L are arranged facing each other vertically.

[0094] As shown in FIG. 10A, the upper surface side warp 1U is woven above and below wefts alternately one by one that are located on the upper surface side including the upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, 14U, 17U, 18U, 21U, and 22U), the first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf), and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs), passes above the upper surface side wefts (2U, 5U, 10U, 13U, 18U, and 21U) and the binding wefts (4Bs, 7Bf, 8Bs, 11Bf, 15Bf, 16Bs, 20Bs, 23Bf, and 24Bs), and passes below the upper surface side wefts (1U, 6U, 9U, 14U, 17U, and 22U) and the binding wefts (3Bf, 12Bs, and 19Bf). The upper surface side warp 1U passes above the upper surface side wefts (2U, 5U, 10U, 13U, 18U, and 21U) and the binding wefts (7Bf, 16Bs, and 23Bf) so as to form knuckles.

[0095] Although the upper surface side warps (2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, and 10U) include those whose weaving position is shifted in the warp direction from that of the upper surface side warp 1U, the upper surface side warps have the same weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side warp 1U and are woven above and below wefts alternately one by one that are located on the upper surface side including the upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, 14U, 17U, 18U, 21U, and 22U), the first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf), and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs). As described, the upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, and 10U) have the same weaving pattern, form knuckles at constant intervals with respect to the upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, 14U, 17U, 18U, 21U, and 22U), the first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf), and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs), and are woven alternately without destroying the obverse surface texture. Without being interwoven with the lower surface side wefts, the upper surface side warps are interwoven only with the upper surface side wefts and the binding wefts so as to form a part of the upper surface side fabric.

[0096] The lower surface side warp 1L passes below the lower surface side wefts (1L, 6L, 13L, and 18L) and the binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 8Bs, 11Bf, 12Bs, 16Bs, 19Bf, 20Bs, 23Bf, and 24Bs) and passes above the lower surface side wefts (2L, 5L, 9L, 10L, 14L, 17L, 21L, and 22L) and the binding wefts (4Bs and 15Bf). The lower surface side warp1L is woven passing alternately below one lower surface side weft and above two lower surface side wefts.

[0097] Although the lower surface side warps (2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, and 10L) include those whose weaving position is shifted in the warp direction from that of the lower surface side warp 1L, the lower surface side warps have the same weaving pattern as that of the lower surface side warp 1L and are woven passing alternately below one lower surface side weft and above two lower surface side wefts. As described, without being interwoven with all the upper surface side wefts, the lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, and 10L) are interwoven only with the lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts so as to form a part of the lower surface side fabric.

[0098] The upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, and 10U) have a common weaving pattern of being woven above and below not only the upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, 14U, 17U, 18U, 21U, and 22U) alternately one by one but also the wefts located on the upper surface side including the first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf) and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs) alternately one by one.

[0099] Further, the lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, and 10L) have a common weaving pattern in which the lower surface side warps are interwoven with wefts located on the lower surface side while passing alternately below one weft located on the lower surface side and above two wefts located on the lower surface side.

[0100] FIG. 10B shows a form in which a pair formed by the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts. The upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B form a pair facing each other vertically and intersect with each other due to the binding by the binding warp 4B.

[0101] The upper surface side warp 4U passes above the upper surface side wefts (1U, 9U, 14U, 17U, and 22U) and the binding wefts (3Bf, 4Bf, 8Bs, 11Bf, 12Bs, 16Bs, 19Bf, 20Bs, and 23Bf) and passes below the upper surface side wefts (2U, 5U, 6U, 10U, 13U, 18U, and 21U) and the binding wefts (7Bf, 15Bf, and 24Bs).

[0102] The binding warp 4B passes below the lower surface side wefts (2L, 9L, 14L, and 21L) and the binding wefts (3Bf, 4Bs, 7Bf, 8Bs, 11Bf, 15Bf, 16Bs, 19Bf, 20Bs, and 24Bs) so as to form a knuckle N1 passing above the upper surface side weft 6U. With respect to the lower surface side wefts (1L, 2L, 5L to 6L, 9L, 10L, 13L, 14L, 17L, 18L, 21L, and 22L), the binding warp 4B passes below one lower surface side weft and above two lower surface side wefts alternately so as to form knuckles at constant intervals for the lower surface side wefts and is woven without destroying the reverse surface texture. The binding warp 4B passes above the binding wefts (12B and 23Bf).

[0103] For the upper surface side fabric, the binding warp 4B passes above the upper surface side weft 6U for binding so as to form only one knuckle N1 on the obverse surface side and passes below the upper surface side wefts other than the upper surface side weft 6U.

[0104] The pair formed by the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B has a common weaving pattern with the upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, and 10U) and the lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, and 10L). In other words, the pair formed by the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B has a weaving pattern in which the pair is woven above and below the wefts alternately one by one that include the upper surface side wefts and the first and second binding wefts and that are located on the upper surface side. Although the weaving position is shifted in the warp direction, the pair formed by the upper surface side warps (3U, 7U, 8U, 11U, and 12U) and the binding warps (3B, 7B, 8B, 11B, and 12B) has the same weaving pattern as that of the pair formed by the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B and exhibits the same function.

[0105] At the position where the binding warp 4B forms a knuckle N1 on the obverse surface side, the upper surface side warp 4U does not form a knuckle on the obverse surface side after passing below the upper surface side weft 6U and acts as an upper surface side collapsing yarn 4U that collapses a part of the upper surface side obverse surface texture.

[0106] The upper surface side warp 4U (upper surface side collapsing yarn) and the binding warp 4B complement each other in the obverse surface texture of the upper surface side fabric, thereby forming the same obverse surface texture as that of the upper surface side warps other than the upper surface side collapsing yarn 4U and forming knuckles for the same number of upper surface side wefts as the number of the upper surface side warps other than the upper surface side collapsing yarn 4U. The pair formed by the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B has a common weaving pattern with the upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, and 10U) and the lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, and 10L). This prevents the binding warp 4B from lowering the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric. Further, by using a pair formed by the upper surface side collapsing yarn 4U and the binding warp 4B for the binding, a decrease in the surface properties can be suppressed compared to a case where binding warps are vertically provided.

[0107] The upper surface side warps (1U to 12U) and the binding warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, and 12B) are interwoven with the wefts located on the upper surface side including the upper surface side wefts and the first and second binding wefts so as to form an upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the upper surface side warps (1U to 12U) and the binding warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, and 12B) form knuckles that are separated at constant intervals on the upper surface side fabric. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

[0108] The lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, and 10L) and the binding warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, and 12B) are interwoven with the wefts located on the lower surface side including the lower surface side wefts and the first and second binding wefts so as to form a lower surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, and 10L) and the binding warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, and 12B) form knuckles that are separated at constant intervals on the lower surface side fabric. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the lower surface side fabric.

[0109] The upper surface side warps (1U to 12U) and the binding warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 11B, and 12B) are formed with the same diameter but may be formed with different diameters in another embodiment. Since the binding warps also appear on the obverse surface on the upper surface side, a decrease in the surface properties can be suppressed by making the diameter the same as that of the upper surface side warps. The diameter of the lower surface side warps may be larger than the diameter of the upper surface side warps. By setting the diameter of the lower surface side warps to be larger than the diameter of the upper surface side warps, the rigidity and warp-direction elongation characteristics of the industrial fabric 10 can be improved.

[0110] The pair formed by the upper surface side warp 3U and the binding warp 3B is adjacent to the pair formed by the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B in the weft direction. This allows the binding force of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric to be increased.

[0111] FIG. 11A shows a form in which a pair formed by the upper surface side weft 2U and the lower surface side weft 2L is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side warps and the binding warps. As shown in FIG. 11A, the upper surface side weft 2U is woven above and below the upper surface side warps (1U to 12U) alternately one by one, passes above the upper surface side warps (1U, 3U, 5U, 7U, 9U, and 11U) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes below the upper surface side warps (2U, 4U, 6U, 8U, 10U, and 12U). The other upper surface side wefts (1U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, 14U, 17U, 18U, 21U, and 22U) have the same weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side weft 2U and are each woven above and below the upper surface side warps (1U to 12U) and the binding warps alternately one by one. Depending on upper surface side wefts, the binding targets of the upper surface side fabric includes not only the upper surface side warps but also the binding warps.

[0112] The lower surface side weft 2L passes below four warps (6L, 7B, 8B, and 9L) located on the lower surface side and warps (1L, 2L, 3B, and 12B) so as to form two knuckles and passes above two warps (4B and 5L) located on the lower surface side and warps (10L and 11B). The warps located on the lower surface side include not only the lower surface side warps but also the binding warps. Although the other lower surface side wefts (1L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L, 13L, 14L, 17L, 18L, 21L, and 22L) include those whose weaving position is shifted in the weft direction from that of the lower surface side weft 2L, the lower surface side wefts have the same weaving pattern as that of the lower surface side weft 2L, and pass alternately below four warps located on the lower surface side and above two warps located on the lower surface side.

[0113] FIG. 11B shows a form in which the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs are interwoven with the upper and lower surface side warps and the binding warps. The first binding weft 3Bf passes above the upper surface side warps (1U, 3U, and 11U) so as to form knuckles N2, respectively, and passes below the other upper surface side warps (2U, 4U to 10U, and 12U). The first binding weft 3Bf passes below two warps (6L and 7B) located on the lower surface side so as to form a knuckle N4 and passes above the other warps (1L, 2L, 3B, 4B, 5L, 8B, 9L, 10L, 11B, and 12B) located on the lower surface side. That is, the first binding weft 3Bf forms three knuckles on the upper surface side obverse surface texture and one knuckle on the lower surface side obverse surface texture.

[0114] The second binding weft 4Bs passes above the upper surface side warps (5U, 7U, and 9U) so as to form knuckles N3, respectively, and passes below the other upper surface side warps (1U to 4U, 6U, 8U, and 10U to 12U). The second binding weft 4Bs passes below two warps (1L and 12B) located on the lower surface side so as to form a knuckle N5 and passes above the other warps (2L, 3B, 4B, 5L, 6L, 7B, 8B, 9L, 10L, and 11B) located on the lower surface side. That is, the second binding weft 4Bs forms three knuckles on the upper surface side obverse surface texture and one knuckle on the lower surface side obverse surface texture, just like the first binding weft 3Bf.

[0115] The first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs form knuckles (N2 and N3) that consecutively pass above two or less upper surface side warps out of the upper surface side warps (1U to 12U). In other words, the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs do not form knuckles that consecutively pass above three or more upper surface side warps out of the upper surface side warps (1U to 12U). The knuckles (N2 and N3) formed on the upper surface side by the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs are each formed passing above only one upper surface side warp. Thereby, the formation of a long knuckle on the upper surface side obverse surface by the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs can be prevented. When used in a paper machine, the obverse surface of an industrial fabric becomes worn by contact with each roll and dehydration equipment. However, by avoiding knuckles of binding yarns from becoming long, the damage to the binding yarns due to wear can be suppressed.

[0116] The first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs form knuckles (N4 and N5) that consecutively pass below two or less lower surface side warps out of the lower surface side warps. In other words, the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs do not form knuckles that consecutively pass below three or more lower surface side warps out of the lower surface side warps. The knuckles (N4 and N5) formed on the lower surface side by the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs are each formed passing below two consecutive lower surface side warps. Thereby, the part of the first binding weft 3Bf and the part of the second binding weft 4Bs that are exposed can be reduced such that the durability of the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs can be improved. Although the weaving position is shifted in the weft direction compared to that of the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs, the other first binding wefts (7B, 11B, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf) and second binding wefts (8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs) have the same weaving pattern and exhibit the same function.

[0117] The first binding wefts (3Bf, 7B, 11B, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf) and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs) are arranged being adjacent to each other in the warp direction in pairs. This allows the binding force for binding the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric to be increased.

[0118] A pair formed by a first binding weft and a second binding weft that are adjacent to each other forms knuckles for one upper surface side weft on the obverse surface of the upper surface side fabric. In other words, the number of knuckles formed by the pair formed by the first binding weft and the second binding weft that are adjacent to each other on the obverse surface of the upper surface side fabric is the same as the number of knuckles formed by one upper surface side weft on the obverse surface of the upper surface side weft. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric. The pair formed by the first binding weft and the second binding weft that are adjacent to each other forms a weaving pattern for one upper surface side weft on the obverse surface of the upper surface side fabric.

[0119] The industrial fabric 50 is bound by the pairs of the first binding wefts and the second binding wefts and the pairs of the binding warps and the upper surface side warps. Thus, the industrial fabric 50 can be bound with an appropriate binding force that can suppress internal wear of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric. In addition to binding with the binding warps, binding with binding wefts allows for the setting of an appropriate binding force compared to simply increasing the number of binding warps.

[0120] The diameter of the first and second binding wefts is smaller than the diameter of the lower surface side wefts and is set to half the size or less, for example. Thereby, even if the first and second binding wefts are not included in a predetermined weaving pattern of each warp, deviations in the predetermined weaving pattern can be suppressed. Further, the diameter of the first and second binding wefts may be the same as or smaller than the diameter of the upper surface side wefts.

[0121] Further, the pairs formed by the first binding wefts and the second binding wefts are formed so as to be less exposed to the lower surface side obverse surface compared to the lower side wefts. While the pairs formed by the first binding wefts and the second binding wefts pass below two consecutive warps out of the warps located on the lower surface side so as to be exposed on the obverse surface on the lower surface side, the lower surface side wefts pass below four consecutive warps out of the warps located on the lower surface side so as to be exposed on the obverse surface on the lower surface side. Thereby, the wear of the first and second binding wefts having a small diameter can be suppressed.

Sixth Embodiment

[0122] FIG. 12 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric 60 according to the sixth embodiment. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along warps in the design diagram shown in FIG. 12. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along wefts in the design diagram shown in FIG. 12.

[0123] In an industrial fabric 60 according to the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 12, an upper surface side fabric formed including upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 4U to 6U, 8U to 10U, and 12U) and upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, 14U, 17U, 18U, 21U, and 22U) and a lower surface side fabric formed including lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 4L to 6L, 8L to 10L, and 12L) and lower surface side wefts (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L, 13L, 14L, 17L, 18L, 21L, and 22L) are bound to each other by the first binding warps (3Bf, 7Bf, and 11Bf), the second binding warps (3Bs, 7Bs, and 11Bs), the first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf), and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs). The first binding warps and the second binding warps are simply referred to as binding warps when the binding warps are not to be distinguished, and the first binding wefts and the second binding wefts are simply referred to as binding wefts when the binding wefts are not to be distinguished.

[0124] The first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf) and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric so as to form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side weft and are thus included in a weaving pattern of the upper surface side warps and the binding warps.

[0125] FIG. 13A shows a form in which a pair formed by the upper surface side warp 1U and the lower surface side warp 1L is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts. The upper surface side wefts, the lower surface side wefts, and the binding wefts shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B are arranged in the same manner. The upper surface side warp 1U and the lower surface side warp 1L are arranged facing each other vertically.

[0126] As shown in FIG. 13A, the upper surface side warp 1U is woven above and below the upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, 14U, 17U, 18U, 21U, and 22U), the first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf), and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs) alternately one by one, passes above the upper surface side wefts (2U, 5U, 10U, 13U, 18U, and 21U) and the binding wefts (7Bf, 16Bs, and 23Bf), and passes below the upper surface side wefts (1U, 6U, 9U, 14U, 17U, and 22U) and the binding wefts (3Bf, 12Bs, and 19Bf). Further, the binding wefts are included in a weaving pattern in which the upper surface side warp 1U is woven above and below the upper surface side wefts and the binding wefts alternately one by one. The upper surface side warp 1U passes above the binding wefts (4Bs, 7Bf, 8Bs, 11Bf, 15Bf, 16Bs, 20Bs, 23Bf, and 24Bs) and passes below the binding wefts (3Bf, 12Bs, and 19Bf).

[0127] Although the upper surface side warps (2U, 4U to 6U, 8U to 10U, and 12U) include those whose weaving position is shifted in the warp direction from that of the upper surface side warp 1U, the upper surface side warps have the same weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side warp 1U and are woven above and below the upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, 14U, 17U, 18U, 21U, and 22U), the first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf), and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs) alternately one by one. As described, the upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 4U to 6U, 8U to 10U, and 12U) have the same weaving pattern, form knuckles at constant intervals with respect to the upper surface side wefts and the binding wefts, and are woven alternately without destroying the obverse surface texture. Without being interwoven with the lower surface side wefts, the upper surface side warps are interwoven only with the upper surface side wefts and the binding wefts so as to form a part of the upper surface side fabric.

[0128] The lower surface side warp 1L passes below the lower surface side wefts (1L, 6L, 13L, and 18L) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes above the lower surface side wefts (2L, 5L, 9L, 10L, 14L, 17L, 21L, and 22L). The lower surface side warp1L is woven passing alternately below one lower surface side weft and above two lower surface side wefts. Further, the lower surface side warp 1L passes below the binding wefts (3 Bf, 7 Bf, 8 Bs, 11 Bf, 12 Bs, 16 Bs, 19 Bf, 20 Bs, 23 Bf, and 24Bs) and passes above the binding wefts (4Bs and 15Bf).

[0129] Although the lower surface side warps (2L, 4L to 6L, 8L to 10L, and 12L) include those whose weaving position is shifted in the warp direction compared to that of the lower surface side warp 1L, the lower surface side warps have the same weaving pattern as that of the lower surface side warp 1L and are woven passing alternately below one lower surface side weft and above two lower surface side wefts. As described, without being interwoven with all the upper surface side wefts, the lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 4L to 6L, 8L to 10L, and 12L) are interwoven only with the lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts so as to form a part of the lower surface side fabric.

[0130] The upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 4U to 6U, 8U to 10U, and 12U) have a common weaving pattern with the wefts located on the upper surface side including the upper surface side wefts and the first and second binding wefts. In other words, the upper surface side warps each have a weaving pattern of being woven above and below the wefts located on the upper surface side alternately one by one.

[0131] Further, the lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, and 10L) also have a common weaving pattern and have a weaving pattern in which the lower surface side warps are interwoven with the lower surface side wefts (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L, 13L, 14L, 17L, 18L, 21L, and 22L) while passing alternately below one of the lower surface side wefts and above two of the lower surface side wefts.

[0132] FIG. 13B shows a form in which a pair formed by the first binding warp 3Bf and the second binding warp 3Bs is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts. The first binding warp 3Bf and the second binding warp 3Bs form a pair facing each other vertically and intersect with each other due to binding.

[0133] The first binding warp 3Bf passes above the upper surface side wefts (2U, 18U, and 21U) and the binding wefts (15Bf and 23Bf) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes below the upper surface side wefts (1U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, 14U, 17U, and 22U) and the binding wefts (3Bf, 4Bs, 7Bf, 11Bf, 12Bs, 16Bs, and 19Bf). The first binding warp 3Bf passes below the lower surface side wefts (17L and 22L) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes above the lower surface side wefts (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L, 13L, 14L, 18L, and 21L) and the binding wefts (8Bs, 20Bs, 23Bf, and 24Bs). The first binding warp 3Bf passes below the lower surface side wefts (17L and 22L) so as to form two knuckles and passes above the wefts (2U, 15Bf, 18U, 21U, and 23Bf) located on the upper surface side so as to form five knuckles.

[0134] The second binding warp 3Bs passes above the upper surface side wefts (5U, 10U, and 13U) and the binding weft (7Bf) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes below the upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 6U, 9U, 14U, 17U, 18U, 21U, and 22U) and the binding wefts (3Bf, 11Bs, 15Bf, 16Bs, 19Bf, 23Bf, and 24Bs). The second binding warp 3Bs passes below the lower surface side wefts (5L and 10L) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes above the lower surface side wefts (1L, 2L, 6L, 9L, 13L, 14L, 17L, 18L, 21L, and 22L) and the binding wefts (4Bs, 7Bf, 8Bs, 12Bs, and 20Bs). The second binding warp 3Bs passes below the lower surface side wefts (17L and 22L) so as to form two knuckles and passes above the wefts (5U, 7Bf, 10U, and 13U) located on the upper surface side so as to form four knuckles.

[0135] The pair formed by the first binding warp 3Bf and the second binding warp 3Bs has a weaving pattern in which the pair is woven passing above and below the wefts alternately one by one that include the first binding wefts and the second binding wefts and that are located on the upper surface side. The pair formed by the first binding warp 3Bf and the second binding warp 3Bs has a weaving pattern in which the pair is interwoven with the lower surface side wefts while passing below one lower surface side weft and above two lower surface side wefts alternately, except for the first binding wefts and the second binding wefts.

[0136] As described, the pair formed by the first binding warp 3Bf and the second binding warp 3Bs has a common weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side warps and the lower surface side warps. This allows the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric to be improved. Although the weaving position is shifted in the warp direction, the pair formed by the first binding warps (7Bf and 11Bf) and the second binding warps (7Bs and 11Bs) has the same weaving pattern as that of the pair formed by the first binding warp 3Bf and the second binding warp 3Bs and exhibits the same function.

[0137] The first binding warps (3Bf, 7Bf, and 11Bf) and the second binding warps (3Bs, 7Bs, and 11Bs) are interwoven with the wefts located on the upper surface side so as to form an upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the upper surface side warps and the first and second binding warps form knuckles that are separated at constant intervals on the upper surface side fabric. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

[0138] The pair formed by the first binding warps (3Bf, 7Bf, and 11Bf) and the second binding warps (3Bs, 7Bs, and 11Bs) is interwoven with the lower surface side wefts so as to form a lower surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the lower surface side warps and the first and second binding warps form knuckles that are separated at constant intervals on the lower surface side fabric. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the lower surface side fabric.

[0139] The upper surface side warps and the first and second binding warps are formed with the same diameter but may be formed with different diameters in another embodiment. Since the first and second binding warps also appear on the obverse surface on the upper surface side, a decrease in the surface properties can be suppressed by making the diameter the same as that of the upper surface side warps. The diameter of the lower surface side warps may be larger than the diameter of the upper surface side warps. By setting the diameter of the lower surface side warps to be larger than the diameter of the upper surface side warps, the rigidity and warp-direction elongation characteristics of the industrial fabric 10 can be improved.

[0140] In the industrial fabric 50 shown in FIG. 9, the binding is achieved by the pair formed by a binding warp and an upper surface side warp. In the industrial fabric 60 shown in FIG. 12, the binding is achieved by the pair formed by the first and second binding warps. Vertical binding achieved by the pair formed by the first and second binding warps can increase the binding force. In any embodiment, binding warps constitute at least one of two warps vertically arranged.

[0141] FIG. 14A shows a form in which a pair formed by the upper surface side weft 2U and the lower surface side weft 2L is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side warps and the binding warps. As shown in FIG. 14A, the upper surface side weft 2U is woven above and below the upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 4U to 6U, 8U to 10U, and 12U) and the binding warps (3Bf, 7Bf, and 11Bs) alternately one by one, passes above the upper surface side warps (1U, 3Bf, 5U, 7Bf, 9U, and 11Bs) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes below the upper surface side warps (2U, 4U, 6U, 8U, 10U, and 12U). The other upper surface side wefts (1U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, 14U, 17U, 18U, 21U, and 22U) have the same weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side weft 2U and are each woven above and below the upper surface side warps and the binding warps alternately one by one in warp rows of the upper surface side warps and the binding warps.

[0142] The lower surface side weft 2L passes below four warps (6L, 7Bs, 8L, and 9L) located on the lower surface side and four warps (1L, 2L, 3Bs, and 12L) located on the lower surface side so as to form two knuckles and passes above two warps (4L and 5L) located on the lower surface side and two warps (10L and 11Bf) located on the lower surface side. The warps located on the lower surface side include not only the lower surface side warps but also the first and second binding warps. Although the other lower surface side wefts (1L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L, 13L, 14L, 17L, 18L, 21L, and 22L) include those whose weaving position is shifted in the weft direction from that of the lower surface side weft 2L, the lower surface side wefts have the same weaving pattern as that of the lower surface side weft 2L, and pass alternately below four warps located on the lower surface side and above two warps located on the lower surface side.

[0143] FIG. 14B shows a form in which the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs are interwoven with the upper and lower surface side warps and the binding warps. In comparison with the warps shown in FIG. 14A, although the first binding warp 11Bf and the second binding warp 11Bs are upside down in FIG. 14B, the arrangement of the other warps is the same.

[0144] The first binding weft 3Bf passes above the warps (1U, 3Bf, and 11Bs) located on the upper surface side so as to form knuckles N2, respectively, and passes below the other warps (2U, 4U to 6U, 7Bs, 8U to 10U, and 12U) located on the upper surface side. The first binding weft 3Bf passes below two warps (6L and 7Bs) located on the lower surface side so as to form a knuckle and passes above the other warps (1L, 2L, 3Bs, 4L, 5L, 8L to 10L, 11Bf, and 12L) located on the lower surface side. That is, the first binding weft 3Bf forms three knuckles on the upper surface side obverse surface texture and one knuckle on the lower surface side obverse surface texture.

[0145] The second binding weft 4Bs passes above the warps (5U, 7Bf, and 9U) located on the upper surface side so as to form knuckles N3, respectively, and passes below the other warps (1U, 2U, 3Bf, 4U, 6U, 8U, 10U, 11Bs, and 12U) located on the upper surface side. The second binding weft 4Bs passes below two warps (1L and 12L) located on the lower surface side so as to form a knuckle and passes above the other warps (2L, 3Bs, 4L to 6L, 7Bs, 8L to 10L, and 11Bf) located on the lower surface side. That is, the second binding weft 4Bs forms three knuckles on the upper surface side obverse surface texture and one knuckle on the lower surface side obverse surface texture, just like the first binding weft 3Bf.

[0146] The first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs form knuckles that consecutively pass above two or less upper surface side warps out of the warps located on the upper surface side. In other words, the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs do not form knuckles that consecutively pass above three or more upper surface side warps out of the upper surface side warps. The knuckles formed on the upper surface side by the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs are each formed passing above only one upper surface side warp.

[0147] The first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs form knuckles that consecutively pass below two or less warps located on the lower surface side out of the warps located on the lower surface side that include the lower surface side warps and the binding warps. In other words, the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs do not form knuckles that consecutively pass below three or more warps located on the lower surface side out of the warps located on the lower surface side. The knuckles formed on the lower surface side by the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs are each formed passing below two consecutive warps located on the lower surface side. Thereby, the part of the first binding weft 3Bf and the part of the second binding weft 4Bs that are exposed can be reduced such that the durability of the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs can be improved. Although the other first binding wefts (7Bf, 11Bf, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf) and second binding wefts (8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs) include those whose weaving position is shifted in the weft direction compared to that of the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs, the other first and second binding wefts have the same weaving pattern and exhibit the same function.

[0148] The first binding wefts (3Bf, 7B, 11B, 15Bf, 19Bf, and 23Bf) and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, 16Bs, 20Bs, and 24Bs) are arranged being adjacent to each other in the warp direction in pairs. This allows the binding force for binding the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric to be increased.

[0149] A pair formed by a first binding weft and a second binding weft that are adjacent to each other forms knuckles for one upper surface side weft on the obverse surface of the upper surface side fabric. In other words, the number of knuckles formed by the pair formed by the first binding weft and the second binding weft that are adjacent to each other on the obverse surface of the upper surface side fabric is the same as the number of knuckles formed by one upper surface side weft on the obverse surface of the upper surface side fabric. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

[0150] The industrial fabric 60 is bound by the pairs of the first binding wefts and the second binding wefts and the pairs of the first binding warps and the second warps. Thus, the industrial fabric 60 can be bound with an appropriate binding force that can suppress internal wear of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric. In addition to binding with the binding warps, binding with binding wefts allows for the setting of an appropriate binding force compared to simply increasing the number of binding warps.

Seventh Embodiment

[0151] FIG. 15 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric 70 according to the seventh embodiment. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along warps in the design diagram shown in FIG. 15. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along wefts in the design diagram shown in FIG. 15.

[0152] In an industrial fabric 70 according to the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 15, an upper surface side fabric formed including upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) and upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, and 14U) and a lower surface side fabric formed including lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) and lower surface side wefts (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L, 13L, and 14L) are bound to each other by the first binding warps (4Bf and 8Bf), the second binding warps (4Bs and 8Bs), the first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, and 15Bf), and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, and 16Bs). The first binding wefts and the second binding wefts are simply referred to as binding wefts when the binding wefts are not to be distinguished.

[0153] The first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, and 15Bf) and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, and 16Bs) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric so as to form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side weft and are thus included in a weaving pattern of the upper surface side warps and the binding warps.

[0154] FIG. 16A shows a form in which a pair formed by the upper surface side warp 1U and the lower surface side warp 1L is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts. The upper surface side wefts, the lower surface side wefts, and the binding wefts shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B are arranged in the same manner. The upper surface side warp 1U and the lower surface side warp 1L are arranged facing each other vertically.

[0155] As shown in FIG. 16A, the upper surface side warp 1U is woven above and below the wefts located on the upper surface side that include the upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, and 14U), the first binding wefts (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf, and 15Bf) and the second binding wefts (4Bs, 8Bs, 12Bs, and 16Bs) alternately one by one. The upper surface side warp 1U passes above the upper surface side wefts (2U, 5U, 10U, and 13U) and the binding wefts (7Bf and 16Bs) so as to form knuckles and passes below the upper surface side wefts (1U, 6U, 9U, and 14U) and the binding wefts (3Bf and 12Bs). The upper surface side warp 1U passes above the binding wefts (4Bs, 7Bf, 8Bs, 11Bf, 15Bf, and 16Bs) and passes below the binding wefts (3Bf and 12Bs).

[0156] Although the upper surface side warps (2U, 3U, and 5U to 7U) include those whose weaving position is shifted in the warp direction compared to the upper surface side warp 1U, the upper surface side warps have the same weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side warp 1U and are woven passing above and below the wefts located on the upper surface side alternately one by one. As described, the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) have the same weaving pattern, form knuckles at constant intervals with respect to the wefts located on the upper surface side, and are interwoven alternately without destroying the obverse surface texture. Without being interwoven with the lower surface side wefts, the upper surface side warps are interwoven only with the upper surface side wefts and the binding wefts so as to form a part of the upper surface side fabric.

[0157] The lower surface side warp 1L passes below the lower surface side wefts (6L and 14L) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes above the lower surface side wefts (1L, 2L, 5L, 9L, 10L, and 13L). The lower surface side warp1L is woven passing alternately below one lower surface side weft and above three lower surface side wefts. The lower surface side warp 1L passes below the binding wefts (3Bf, 4Bs, 7Bf, 11Bf, 12Bs, and 16Bs) and passes above the binding wefts (8Bs and 15Bf).

[0158] Although the lower surface side warps (2L, 3L, and 5L to 7L) include those whose weaving position is shifted in the warp direction from that of the lower surface side warp 1L, the lower surface side warps have the same weaving pattern as that of the lower surface side warp 1L and are woven passing alternately below one lower surface side weft and above three lower surface side wefts. As described, without being interwoven with all the upper surface side wefts, the lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) are interwoven only with the lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts so as to form a part of the lower surface side fabric.

[0159] The upper surface side warps (1U to 3U and 5U to 7U) have a common weaving pattern of being woven above and below the wefts located on the upper surface side alternately one by one.

[0160] Further, the lower surface side warps (1L to 3L and 5L to 7L) each also have a common weaving pattern and have a weaving pattern in which the lower surface side warps are interwoven with the lower surface side wefts (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L, 13L, and 14L) while passing alternately below one of the lower surface side wefts and above three of the lower surface side wefts.

[0161] FIG. 16B shows a form in which a pair formed by the first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side wefts and the binding wefts. The first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs form a pair facing each other vertically and intersect with each other due to binding.

[0162] The first binding warp 4Bf passes above the upper surface side wefts (1U and 6U) and the binding weft 3Bf so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes below the upper surface side wefts (2U, 5U, 9U, 10U, 13U, and 14U) and the binding wefts (8Bs and 15Bf). The first binding warp 4Bf passes below the lower surface side weft 13L so as to form a knuckle and passes above the other lower surface side wefts (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L, and 14L) and the binding wefts (3Bf, 4Bs, 7Bf, 11Bf, 12Bs, and 16Bs). The first binding warp 4Bf passes below the lower surface side weft 13L so as to form one knuckle and passes above the wefts (1U, 3Bf, and 6U) located on the upper surface side so as to form three knuckles.

[0163] The second binding warp 4Bs passes above the upper surface side wefts (9U and 14U) and the binding weft 11Bf so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes below the other upper surface side wefts (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 10U, and 13U) and the binding wefts (3Bf, 4Bs, 7Bf, 8Bs, and 15Bf). The second binding warp 4Bs passes below the lower surface side weft 5L so as to form a knuckle and passes above the other lower surface side wefts (1L, 2L, 6L, 9L, 10L, 13L, and 14L) and the binding wefts (11Bf, 12Bs, and 16Bs). The second binding warp 4Bs passes below the lower surface side weft 5L so as to form one knuckle and passes above the wefts (9U, 11Bf, and 14U) located on the upper surface side so as to form two knuckles.

[0164] The pair formed by the first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs has a weaving pattern in which the pair is woven above and below the wefts alternately one by one that include the first binding wefts and the second binding wefts and that are located on the upper surface side. The pair formed by the first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs has a weaving pattern in which the pair is interwoven with the lower surface side wefts while passing below one lower surface side weft and above three lower surface side wefts alternately.

[0165] As described, the pair formed by the first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs has a common weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side warps and the lower surface side warps. Although the weaving position is shifted in the warp direction, the pair formed by the first binding warp 8Bf and the second binding warp 8Bs has the same weaving pattern as that of the pair formed by the first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs and exhibits the same function.

[0166] The first binding warps (4Bf and 8Bf) and the second binding warps (4Bs and 8Bs) are interwoven with the upper surface side wefts so as to form an upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the upper surface side warps and the first and second binding warps form knuckles that are separated at constant intervals on the upper surface side fabric. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

[0167] The pair formed by the first binding warps (4Bf and 8Bf) and the second binding warps (4Bs and 8Bs) is interwoven with the lower surface side wefts so as to form a lower surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the lower surface side warps and the first and second binding warps form knuckles that are separated at constant intervals on the lower surface side fabric. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the lower surface side fabric.

[0168] FIG. 17A shows a form in which a pair formed by the upper surface side weft 2U and the lower surface side weft 2L is interwoven with the upper and lower surface side warps and the binding warps. As shown in FIG. 17A, the upper surface side weft 2U is woven above and below the warps (1U to 3U, 4Bs, 5U to 7U, and 8Bf located on the upper surface side alternately one by one, passes above the warps (2U, 4Bs, 6U, and 8Bf) located on the upper surface side so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes below the warps (1U, 3U, 5U, and 7U) located on the upper surface side. The other upper surface side wefts (1U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U, 13U, and 14U) have the same weaving pattern as that of the upper surface side weft 2U and are woven above and below the warps located on the upper surface side alternately one by one.

[0169] The lower surface side weft 2L passes below six warps (1L to 3L, 4Bf, 7L, and 8Bs) located on the lower surface side so as to form a long knuckle and passes above two lower surface side warps (5L and 6L). Although the other lower surface side wefts (1L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L, 13L, and 14L) include those whose weaving position is shifted in the weft direction from that of the lower surface side weft 2L, the other lower surface side wefts have the same weaving pattern as that of the lower surface side weft 2L, pass below six warps located on the lower surface side so as to form a long knuckle, and pass above two warps located on the lower surface side.

[0170] FIG. 17B shows a form in which the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs are interwoven with the upper and lower surface side warps and the binding warps. The arrangement of warps in FIG. 17B is the same as that shown in FIG. 17A.

[0171] The first binding weft 3Bf passes above the upper surface side warps (1U and 3U) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes below the other warps (2U, 4Bs, 5U to 7U, and 8Bf) located on the upper surface side. The first binding weft 3Bf passes below one warp 6L located on the lower surface side so as to form a knuckle and passes above the other warps (1L to 3L, 4Bf, 5L, 7L, and 8Bs) located on the lower surface side. That is, the first binding weft 3Bf forms two knuckles on the upper surface side obverse surface texture and one knuckle on the lower surface side obverse surface texture.

[0172] The second binding weft 4Bs passes above the upper surface side warps (5U and 7U) so as to form knuckles, respectively, and passes below the other warps (1U to 3U, 4Bs, 6U, and 8Bf) located on the upper surface side. The second binding weft 4Bs passes below the warp 2L located on the lower surface side so as to form a knuckle and passes above the other warps (1L, 3L, 4Bf, 5L to 7L, and 8Bs) located on the lower surface side. That is, the second binding weft 4Bs forms two knuckles on the upper surface side obverse surface texture and one knuckle on the lower surface side obverse surface texture, just like the first binding weft 3Bf.

[0173] The first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs form knuckles that consecutively pass above two or less upper surface side warps out of the warps located on the upper surface side. In other words, the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs do not form knuckles that consecutively pass above three or more upper surface side warps out of the upper surface side warps. The knuckles formed on the upper surface side by the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs are each formed passing above only one upper surface side warp.

[0174] The first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs form knuckles that consecutively pass below two or less lower surface side warps out of the lower surface side warps. In other words, the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs do not form knuckles that consecutively pass below three or more lower surface side warps out of the lower surface side warps. The knuckles formed on the lower surface side by the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs are each formed passing below one lower surface side warp. Thereby, the part of the first binding weft 3Bf and the part of the second binding weft 4Bs that are exposed can be reduced so as to suppress wear such that the durability of the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs can be improved. Although the weaving position is shifted in the weft direction compared to that of the first binding weft 3Bf and the second binding weft 4Bs, the other first binding wefts (7B, 11B, and 15Bf) and second binding wefts (8Bs, 12Bs, and 16Bs) have the same weaving pattern and exhibit the same function.

[0175] The first binding warps and the second binding warps are arranged in pairs being adjacent to each other in the warp direction. A pair formed by a first binding weft and a second binding weft that are adjacent to each other forms knuckles for one upper surface side weft on the obverse surface of the upper surface side fabric. In other words, the number of knuckles formed by the pair formed by the first binding weft and the second binding weft that are adjacent to each other on the obverse surface of the upper surface side fabric is the same as the number of knuckles formed by one upper surface side weft on the obverse surface of the upper surface side fabric. This allows for suppression of a decrease in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

Eighth Embodiment

[0176] FIG. 18 is a design diagram showing a weave repeat of an industrial fabric 80 according to the eighth embodiment. Compared to the industrial fabric 60 shown in FIG. 12, the differences lie in that the number of the pairs of the first binding warps and the second binding warps is larger and in that the first binding warps and the second binding warps are adjacent to each other in the pairs of the first binding warps and the second binding warps while the first binding warps and the second binding warps are not adjacent to each other in the pairs of the first binding warps and the second binding warps in the industrial fabric 60 shown in FIG. 12. This allows the binding force for binding the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric to be increased.

[0177] An industrial fabric according to each of the above embodiments may be subjected to the following processing. For example, in order to improve the surface smoothness, the obverse surface side of the industrial fabric may be polished in the range of 0.02 to 0.05 mm. In particular, the obverse surface side may be polished by 0.02 mm or 0.03 mm.

[0178] Further, in order to suppress the fraying of yarns at the ends of the mesh (industrial fabric), the range of 5 mm to 30 mm, particularly the range of 5 mm, 10 mm, or 20 mm, from the ends of the mesh may be coated with a polyurethane resin for reinforcement. The coating of the mesh ends may be coated on one or both sides. The resin may be hot melt polyurethane.

[0179] In order to improve the wear resistance of a mesh end, the mesh may be coated in the range of 20 mm to 500 mm (particularly 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 250, 300, 350, or 400 mm) from the mesh end with three to sixteen (particularly three, four, seven, eight, ten, twelve, fifteen, or sixteen) strips of resin of a width of about 7 mm over the entire length. The plurality of above-mentioned strips of polyurethane resin may be applied to both ends of the mesh or only to one side. The resin may be hot melt polyurethane.

[0180] The entire mesh may be coated with resin in order to improve the antifouling performance. In order to allow for the trimming of the paper making width near the mesh end, the mesh may be coated in the range of 10 mm to 500 mm (particularly 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, or 400 mm) from the mesh end with one strip of resin of a width of about 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, or 20 mm over the entire length. The above-mentioned resin may be applied to both ends of the mesh or only to one side. The resin may be polyurethane and may be hot melt. Further, the mesh may have lines of about 25 mm or 50 mm in width across the entire width so that the line bending of the mesh can be seen during use.

[0181] The following is a list of preferred element ranges for an industrial fabric. The warp diameter is preferably 0.10 mm to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, and particularly preferably 0.11 mm to 0.35 mm, where the warp includes an upper surface side warp, a lower surface side warp, a first binding warp, a second binding warp, and a third binding warp. The diameter of the lower surface side warps may be the same as the diameter of the upper surface side warps or, alternatively, may be set 1.1 to 1.2 times the diameter of the upper surface side warps. The weft diameter is preferably 0.10 mm to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.12 mm to 0.6 mm, and particularly preferably 0.12 mm to 0.55 mm. The diameter of the lower surface side wefts is desirably larger than the diameter of the upper surface side warps and may be 1.1 to 3.0 times and more preferably 1.2 to 2.0 times the diameter of the upper surface side wefts.

[0182] The upper surface side wefts may be composed of only PET wires, only polyamide wires, or PET wires and polyamide wires that are alternately interwoven. The lower surface side wefts may be composed of only PET wires or only polyamide wires or may be composed of PET wires and polyamide wires that are alternately interwoven. Also, in order to reduce the driving load of the machine, low-friction yarns may be woven with the lower surface side wefts.

[0183] The ratio of the number of upper surface side wefts to the number of lower surface side wefts may be 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 3:2, 4:3, 5:2, 5:3, or 5:4. The air permeability is preferably 100 cm.sup.3/cm.sup.2/s to 600 cm.sup.3/cm.sup.2/s and more preferably 120 cm.sup.3/cm.sup.2/s to 300 cm.sup.3/cm.sup.2/s.

[0184] The mesh thickness is preferably 0.3 mm to 3.0 mm, more preferably 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, and particularly preferably 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm. The usage applications include mainly usage as a papermaking or nonwoven fabric belt and may include particularly usage as a papermaking dewatering belt or a spunbond nonwoven fabric conveying belt.

[0185] The cross-sectional shape of the warps and wefts according to each of the above-mentioned embodiments is not limited to a circular shape, and yarns having a quadrangular shape, a star shape, etc., and yarns having an elliptical shape, a hollow shape, a sheath-core structure shape, etc., can be used. In particular, by making the cross-sectional shape of the lower warps have a square shape, a rectangular shape, or an elliptical shape, the cross-sectional area of the yarns can be increased, and elongation resistance and rigidity can thus be improved.

[0186] Further, the yarn material can be freely selected as long as the yarn satisfies the desired characteristics, and polyethylene terephthalate, polyester, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene, aramid, polyether ether ketone, polyethylene naphthalate, polytetrafluoroethylene, cotton, wool, metals, thermoplastic polyurethane, thermoplastic elastomers, etc., can be used. Needless to say, yarns prepared from a copolymer and yarns prepared by blending or adding various substances to such a material may be used according to the purpose. In general, polyester monofilaments having rigidity and excellent dimensional stability are preferably used as yarns constituting industrial fabrics.

[0187] The number of warp shafts is preferably 4 shafts to 8 shafts, 10 shafts, 12 shafts, 14 shafts, 15 shafts, 16 shafts, 18 shafts, 20 shafts, 24 shafts, 28 shafts, 30 shafts, 32 shafts, 36 shafts, 40 shafts, 44 shafts, or 48 shafts. The number of warp shafts is preferably a multiple of four, a multiple of five, or a multiple of seven, particularly. Further, the number of weft shafts is preferably 4 shafts to 8 shafts, 10 shafts, 12 shafts, 14 shafts, 15 shafts, 16 shafts, 18 shafts, 20 shafts, 24 shafts, 28 shafts, 30 shafts, 32 shafts, 36 shafts, 40 shafts, 44 shafts, or 48 shafts. The number of weft shafts is preferably a multiple of two, a multiple of five, or a multiple of seven, particularly.

[0188] The warp texture of the obverse surface may be plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, broken satin weave, sateen weave, 2/2 weave, or herringbone pattern weave. Further, the warp texture of the reverse surface may be plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, broken satin weave, sateen weave, 2/2 weave, or herringbone pattern weave. Further, texture in which two warps form knuckles on the lower side of lower wefts at the same position just like rib weave and 1/2 or 1/4 weave may be used.

[0189] The number of lower surface side weft is preferably 1L. Further, the number of upper surface side weft is preferably 1U.

[0190] Further, the number of lower surface side warp 1L. Further, the number of upper surface side warp preferably 1U. Further, the number of industrial fabric preferably 10.