MULTI-LEVEL SLIP HANGER

Abstract

A casing hanger and seal system for supporting a casing string in a hydrocarbon well. The hanger can have a deformable seal with an ability to transfer force through the seal to a lower portion of the hanger. The hanger can have multiple slips which engage a casing wall and support an upper casing string independent from the deformable seal such that changes in the forces being supported cannot disengage the seal when positioned.

Claims

1. A casing hanger comprising: upper slips supported out of contact from a casing; a compressible seal; at least one load transfer bolt; and lower slips supported out of contact from the casing.

2. The casing hanger of claim 1 wherein a support for the upper slip is at least one holding screw.

3. The casing hanger of claim 1 wherein a support for the lower slips is a shear ring.

4. The casing hanger of claim 1 wherein the compressible seal comprises elastomer, or metal, or flexible graphite, or thermoplastic, or composite materials.

5. The casing hanger of claim 1 wherein the at least one load transfer bolt is positioned to transfer force through the compressible seal.

6. The casing hanger of claim 1 wherein the compressible seal is positioned between the upper slips and the lower slips.

7. The casing hanger of claim 1 wherein the compressible seal is in a uncompressed state.

8. A method of supporting casing in a wellbore comprising: positioning a casing hanger system above a casing head and adjacent to casing; removing at least one holding bolt from the casing hanger; dropping the casing hanger into a bowl; lowering a casing string through the casing hanger; and engaging the casing hanger with the casing due to weight from the casing string.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the at least one holding bolts retains an upper slip from contacting a side of the casing string prior to removal.

10. The method of claim 8 further comprising: sealing a space between the casing string and the casing hanger through deformation of a compressible seal.

11. The method of claim 8 further comprising: transferring force from at least one upper slip to at least one lower slip with at least one load transfer bolt.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the at least one load transfer bolt transfers force through a compressible seal.

13. The method of claim 11 further comprising: shearing a shear ring by the force transferred by the at least one load transfer bolt.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the shear ring retains the at least one lower slip from contacting a side of the casing prior to shearing.

15. A casing system comprising: a casing hanger comprising: upper slips in supporting engagement with a casing string; a compressible seal in sealing engagement with the casing string; lower slips in supporting engagement with the casing string; the casing string installed in the hanger, with: a casing weight transferred to a casing head through the casing hanger, and the casing string sealed between the casing head by the casing hanger compressible seal.

16. The casing system of claim 15 wherein the casing weight is loaded on both the upper and lower slips of the casing hanger.

17. The casing system of claim 16 wherein at least one load transfer bolt is used to transfer force from the upper slips to the lower slips of the casing hanger.

18. The casing system of claim 15 wherein the compressible seal is compressed to within a pre-determined range for sealing the casing hanger.

19. The casing system of claim 15 wherein the casing hanger further comprises at least one additional slip in supporting engagement with the casing.

20. The casing system of claim 19 further comprising a compressible seal and at least one load transfer bolt between each of the upper slip, lower slip, and at least one additional slip.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present technology will be better understood on reading the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, and on examining the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0016] FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present technology illustrating the casing hanger in a pre-deployment position, with upper slips retained by at least one holding screw and lower slips retained by a shear ring.

[0017] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present technology with all holding screws removed from the hanger and the upper slips in contact with the casing string.

[0018] FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present technology with the hanger system dropped into a bowl of the casing head and in contact with the casing string.

[0019] FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present technology illustrating further movement with upper slips engaging the casing under load, before the load causes shearing of the shear ring.

[0020] FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present technology with fully engaged slips on both levels and an energized seal.

[0021] FIG. 6A is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present technology.

[0022] FIG. 6B is a three-dimensional isometric view of an embodiment of the present technology.

[0023] FIG. 7 is a method of sealing a space and supporting a casing string with the casing hanger system of the present technology.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] The foregoing aspects, features, and advantages of the present technology will be further appreciated when considered with reference to the following description of preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals represent like elements. In describing the preferred embodiments of the technology illustrated in the appended drawings, specific terminology will be used for the sake of clarity. The invention, however, is not intended to be limited to the specific terms used, and it is to be understood that each specific term can include equivalents that operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar purpose.

[0025] The present technology provides for a multi-level slip hanger for supporting casing in a well. The hanger can include multiple slips for supporting casing in a well. The slips can be sequentially activated based on the weight of the casing being supported. The hanger can also include a deformable seal for sealing at the hanger.

[0026] FIGS. 1-5 provide cutaway cross-sectional views of the slip hanger 100 of the present technology. It is to be understood that the slip hanger 100 provided in the present technology fully surrounds the casing 102 such that support and sealing is provided around the diameter of the casing 102.

[0027] FIG. 1 depicts slip hanger assembly 100 prior to being installed within an annular space. The slip hanger 100 can have upper slips 104 and lower slips 106. Before being inserted, the slips can be held away from contact with the casing 102. For the upper slips 104, at least one holding screw 108 can prevent movement. A holding screw 108 can be provided for each segment of the upper slips 104 around the slip hanger 100. For the lower slips 106, a shear ring 110 can prevent movement.

[0028] The slip hanger 100 can also include a compressible seal 112. The seal can be made of an elastomer, metal, flexible graphite, thermoplastic, composite materials, or any other appropriate material. Between the upper and lower portions of the slip hanger 100, there can be at least one load transfer bolt 114. The at least one load transfer bolts 114 can transfer forces associated with supporting the casing strings from the upper portion of the hanger 100 above the at least one load transfer bolts 114 to the lower portion of the hanger 100 below the at least one load transfer bolts 114. There can be at least one load transfer bolt 114 associated with each segment of the upper slips 104 and lower slips 106 in some embodiments.

[0029] In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the slips on both levels of the hanger 100 have not yet been positioned in proximity to the casing string 102 that is to be supported and sealed. In the figure, at least one support block 116 can support the hanger 100 above the casing spool 118. In this state, the hanger 100 (including the slips 104 and 106 and seal 112) can be in relaxed positions.

[0030] FIG. 2 provides an embodiment of the hanger after the at least one holding screw 108 has been removed. In this embodiment, the upper slips 104 can move and contact the casing 102. However, the upper slips 104 may not be engaged with the casing 102 at this time. At this time, the slip hanger 100 is not providing support to the casing 102.

[0031] Conversely, the lower slips 106 can still be held away from the casing 102 by the sheer ring 110. As such, the lower slips 106 may not be able to contact the casing 102 at this time. The seal 112 can remain in a relaxed state at this time.

[0032] FIG. 3 depicts an embodiment where the hanger 100 of the present technology has been dropped into the bowl after removal of the block 116. The upper slips 104 can start engaging with the casing when the casing 102 is lowered through the hanger 100. At this time, the hanger 100 has begun to engage with the casing 102 at the upper slips 104 but is still providing minimal support to the casing 102.

[0033] FIG. 4 depicts an embodiment of the hanger 100 after the casing string 102 has engaged with upper slips 104 and has started exerting force on upper portion of the hanger 100. The initial portion of the weight from the casing at this stage is loaded through the upper slips 104 and into the hanger 100 including the lower slips 106 and shear ring 110 through the at least one load transfer bolt 114.

[0034] In the current embodiment, the load being transferred by the at least one load transfer bolt 114 may not be sufficient to break the sheer ring 110. As such, the lower slips 106 can still be held away from the casing 102 at this time. Further, the seal 112 can remain in a relaxed state at this time.

[0035] FIG. 5 is an embodiment of the hanger 100 in a final position after the full weight from the casing string 102 has been transferred to the hanger 100. The casing is supported on two levels, by upper and lower slips 104 and 106. Here, the force from the weight of the casing string 102 can be transferred through the at least one load transfer bolt 114 sufficient to shear the sheer ring 110. When this happens, the lower slips 106 can contact and engage with the casing, providing additional support to the upper slips 104.

[0036] Additionally, the seal 112 of the hanger 100 can compress to within a pre-determined range. This can result such that the seal fills the gap between the casing string 102 and the wellhead bowl. The seal can further include anti-extrusion features to control the expansion of the seal. This can allow sealing of the system independent of the actual casing weight being supported by the hanger 100. This can be performed by decreasing the distance between the upper slips 104 and lower slips 106 by a predetermined distance resulting in a predetermined change in the seal geometry. This can result in sealing of the space regardless of if the hanger 100 is overloaded or underloaded.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present technology there can be additional groups of slips and seals as required. The multiple groups of slips can create a load distribution system capable of accommodating various casing weights and pressure loads from either side without disturbing the seals. This is due to the fact that the casing weight can be supported by the slips and may not be loaded on the seal after the slips are engaged. Additional casing weight can be transferred through any additional load distribution bolts within the system and to additional lower slips as they are provided.

[0038] FIGS. 6A and 6B provide for a three-dimensional view of the technology. FIG. 6A provides the various segments of the upper slips 104 and lower slips 106 with holding screws 108 positioned to support the segments of the upper slips 104 from contacting the casing. FIG. 6A further provides the positioning of the load transfer bolts 114 throughout the hanger 100 for load transfer from the upper slips 104 to lower slips 106.

[0039] FIG. 6B provides a three-dimensional isometric view of the current technology with six different segments of upper slips 104 and lower slips 106. As a result, six different holding screws 108 are provided for the various slip segments. The seal 112 is also clearly shown around the circumference of the hanger 100 for sealing the casing string.

[0040] FIG. 7 provides a method of engaging the hanger seal of the present invention. A hanger system can be first positioned above a casing head in step 202. Appropriate holding bolts can be removed in 204, allowing slips being held by the holding bolts to contact the casing. The supports can be removed, and the hanger can be allowed to be positioned into the bowl at step 206. The casing string can be initially lowered into the hanger seal in step 208. This can result in engagement between the hanger seal and the upper slips at this time. In step 210, the casing string can continue to be lowered through the hanger. This can result such that the seal can energize, and the lower slips can be engaged due to the shearing of the sheer ring. After this step, the hanger can be engaged at both the upper and lower slips to provide support and the seal can provide sealing engagement with the casing.

[0041] Although the technology herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present technology. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present technology as defined by the appended claims.