LIQUID-COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (1), comprising: a cylinder head (2) having a top-down cooling concept, with a head cooling chamber (15) with a first head partial cooling chamber (16) spaced apart from the fire deck (4) and with a second head partial cooling chamber (17), which adjoins the fire deck (4) of the cylinder head (2) and is separated from the first head partial cooling chamber (16) by an intermediate deck (18), the first head partial cooling chamber (16) and the second head partial cooling chamber (17) being fluidically interconnected, in the region of a central component (19), by means of a passage channel (21) in the intermediate deck (18); a main feed channel (32), which is disposed in the cylinder block (3) and is connected to the first head partial cooling chamber (16) by means of a first flow passage (34) in the fire deck (4) of the cylinder head (2) and by means of a supply channel (35); a block cooling jacket (41), which is fluidically connected to the second head partial cooling chamber (17) by means of a second flow passage (36) in the fire deck (4) of the cylinder head (2). According to the invention, in order to improve the cooling, the block cooling jacket (41) has a first block partial cooling jacket (29), which is near the fire deck (4) and into which the second flow passage (36) leads, and a second block partial cooling jacket (30), which is separated from the first block partial cooling jacket (29) and is emote from the fire deck (4), the first block cooling jacket (29) being fluidically connected to the second block cooling jacket (30) by means of a third flow passage (37) which is diametrically opposite the second flow passage (36), and the second block partial cooling jacket (30) being connected to a main discharge channel (33) which is disposed in the cylinder block (2).

Claims

1. Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (1), in particular a large engine, having an inlet side (6) and an exhaust side (7) which are arranged on different sides of a longitudinal engine plane (9) defined by a cylinder axis (8) and a crankshaft axis, having a cylinder head (2) with a top-down cooling concept with a fire deck (4) adjoining a cylinder block (3) and a head cooling chamber (15) with a first head partial cooling chamber (16) spaced from the fire deck (4) and a second head partial cooling chamber (17) which adjoins the fire deck (4) of the cylinder head (2) and is separated from the first head partial cooling chamber (16) by an intermediate deck (18), wherein the first head partial cooling chamber (16) and the second head partial cooling chamber (17) are flow-connected to one another at least in the region of a central component (19) by means of at least one transfer duct (21) in the intermediate deck (18), having a main feed channel (32) which is arranged in the cylinder block (3) and is connected to the first head partial cooling chamber (16) via a first flow transfer (34) in the fire deck (4) of the cylinder head (2) and a supply channel (35), having at least one block cooling jacket (41) which is flow-connected to the second head partial cooling chamber (17) via at least one second flow transfer (36) in the fire deck (4) of the cylinder head (2) and at least partially surrounds a cylinder liner (31), characterized in that the block cooling jacket (41) has a first block partial cooling jacket (29) which faces the fire deck (4) and into which the second flow transfer (36) opens, and a second block partial cooling jacket (30) separated from the first block partial cooling jacket (29) and arranged on a side of the first block partial cooling jacket (29) facing away from the fire deck (4), wherein the first block cooling jacket (29) is flow-connected to the second block cooling jacket (30) by means of at least one third flow transfer (37) arranged diametrically to the second flow transfer (36) with respect to the cylinder axis (8), and wherein the second block partial cooling jacket (30) is connected to a main discharge channel (33) arranged in the cylinder block (2).

2. Internal combustion engine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the third flow transfer (37) and the second flow transfer (36) are arranged on different sides of the longitudinal engine plane (9).

3. Internal combustion engine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first flow transfer (34) is arrangedin relation to the longitudinal engine plane (9)on the same side as the main feed channel (32), preferably on the exhaust side (7).

4. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first flow transfer (34)in relation to the longitudinal engine plane (9)is arranged on the same side as the second flow transfer (36), preferably on the exhaust side (7).

5. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the main feed channel (32) is arranged between the main discharge channel (33) and a cylinder head sealing plane (5).

6. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the two block partial cooling chambers (29, 30)with respect to the cylinder axis (8)are arranged one above the other, wherein the first block partial cooling jacket (29) is arranged between the second block partial cooling jacket (30) and a cylinder head sealing plane (5).

7. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the third flow transfer (37) is arranged on the inlet side (6).

8. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the main discharge channel (33) is arranged adjacent to the main feed channel (32) on the exhaust side (7) in the cylinder block (3).

9. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first flow transfer (34) and/or the second flow transfer (36) is/are arranged on the exhaust side (7).

10. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the second head partial cooling chamber (17) has an inner ring section (22) around the central component (19) and an outer ring section (28)as viewed in the direction of the cylinder axis (8)in the region of the cylinder liner (31), wherein the inner ring section (22) and the outer ring section (28) are flow-connected to one another via at least one radial channel (23, 25) in the region of at least one exhaust valve bridge (24) and/or in the region of at least one inlet/exhaust valve bridge (26).

11. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one transfer duct (21) in the intermediate deck (18) is of annular design, wherein preferably the transfer duct (21) in the intermediate deck (18) annularly surrounds the central component (19).

12. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the cylinder head (2) is designed as a single cylinder head.

13. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the internal combustion engine (1) is designed to be self-igniting or spark-ignitingin particular with an active or passive pre-chamber.

14. Method for cooling an internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the coolant is supplied to a main feed channel (32) in the cylinder block (3) on the exhaust side (7) of the internal combustion engine (1), is guided therefrom via a first flow transfer (34) and a supply channel (34) into the first head partial cooling chamber (16), flowing around the exhaust channels (13) and cooling these in the process, and is then guided via at least one transfer duct (21) in the region of a central component (19) into the inner ring section (22) of the second head partial cooling chamber (17), is guided therefrom via at least one radial channel (23) in the region of an exhaust valve bridge (24) and/or an exhaust/inlet valve bridge (26) into an outer ring section (28), is guided therefrom via at least one second flow transfer (36) arranged on the exhaust side (7) into the first block partial cooling jacket (29), the coolant is guided from the exhaust side (7) to the inlet side (6) while flowing around an upper region of the cylinder liner (31) facing the fire deck (4), is guided into the second block partial cooling jacket (30) via a third flow transfer (37) on the inlet side (6) and, while flowing around a lower region of the cylinder liner (31) facing away from the fire deck (4), is guided to a main discharge channel (33) arranged on the exhaust side (7) of the cylinder block (3).

15. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that the coolant is guided through the head cooling chamber (15) and the block cooling jacket (41) between the inflow into the first head partial cooling chamber (16) and the outflow through the main discharge channel (33) in at least four passes (S1, S2, S3, S4) extending transversely to the longitudinal engine plane (9), wherein preferably at least two passes (S3, S4)in particular in the cylinder block (3)intersect the longitudinal engine plane (9).

Description

[0021] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the non-limiting exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, which schematically show:

[0022] FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of an internal combustion engine according to the invention as shown by line I-I in FIG. 2;

[0023] FIG. 2 shows the second head partial cooling chamber in a sectional view according to the line II-II in FIG. 1; and

[0024] FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the internal combustion engine according to the invention.

[0025] FIG. 1 schematically shows a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine 1 according to the invention in longitudinal section normal to a crankshaft axis not shown further. The internal combustion engine 1, for example a large engine, can be self-igniting or spark-ignitingfor example with PCSI (PCSI=pre-chamber spark ignition).

[0026] The internal combustion engine 1 has a cylinder head 2for example a single cylinder headand a cylinder block 3, which are connected to one another in the region of a fire deck 4 of the cylinder head 2. FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine 1 according to the invention designed as a single cylinder with a cylinder head 2 and a cylinder block 3.

[0027] Reference sign 5 indicates a cylinder head sealing plane between cylinder head 2 and cylinder block 3. The inlet side 6 and the exhaust side 7 of the internal combustion engine 1 are arranged on different sides of a longitudinal engine plane 9 defined by the crankshaft, which is not shown further, and the cylinder axis 8.

[0028] The cylinder head 2, which is designed as a single cylinder head, for example, has two inlet valves 10 and two exhaust valves 11, with inlet channels 12 being flow-connectable to the combustion chamber 14 via the inlet valves 10 and exhaust channels 13 via the exhaust valves 11. However, the cylinder head 2 can also be designed as a multi-cylinder head.

[0029] FIG. 1 shows the cooling chambers and flow paths of the coolant in the cylinder head 2 and in the cylinder block 1, in part schematically. A so-called top-down cooling concept is used. In the context of the present disclosure, such a concept is understood to mean in particular that a coolant flow in the cylinder head 2 is directed in the direction of the cylinder block 3 or the fire deck 4. In other words, coolant is guided in a direction along the cylinder axis 8 from an area remote from the fire deck 4 or the cylinder block 3 to the fire deck 4 or to the cylinder block 3, whereby in particular a high cooling effect can be achieved at the fire deck 4 which is subject to high thermal loads.

[0030] The cylinder head 2 having the top-down cooling concept has a head cooling chamber 15 with an upper first head partial cooling chamber 16 and a lower second head partial cooling chamber 17, which are separated from each other by an intermediate deck 18. The upper first head partial cooling chamber 16 is thus further away from the cylinder block 3 than the lower second head partial cooling chamber 17, as viewed in a direction along the cylinder axis 8. The upper first head partial cooling chamber 16 and the lower second head partial cooling chamber 17 are flow-connected to one another in the region of a central component 19, which in the exemplary embodiment is arranged in a receiving sleeve 20 arranged in the cylinder head 2, via at least one transfer duct 21 in the intermediate deck 18. The term central is to be understood here in particular with respect to the cylinder axis 8, so that a central component 19 is arranged as close as possible to or in the cylinder axis 8. The component 19 can be formedin particular in the case of a diesel internal combustion engineby a fuel injection device orin the case of a gasoline internal combustion engineby a pre-chamber ignition unit.

[0031] As is usual in cylinder heads 2 with top-down cooling concepts, coolant flows through the cylinder head 2 from the topi.e. an area remote from the fire deck 4 of the cylinder head 2to the bottomi.e. an area close to the fire deck 4. The coolant is thereby supplied to the upper first head partial cooling chamber 16, flows through the first head partial cooling chamber 16 while cooling the exhaust channels 13, and reaches the lower second head partial cooling chamber 17 adjacent to the fire deck 4 via the transfer duct 21 arranged near the cylinder axis 8 in the region of the central component 19, wherein the coolant flows from an inner ring section 22 via a radial channel 23 in the region of the exhaust valve bridge 24 arranged between two exhaust valves, and optionally also via radial channels 25 in the region of the inlet/exhaust valve bridges 26 between inlet and exhaust valves 10, 11 and/or a radial channel 27 between the two inlet valves 10 into the outer ring section 25. FIG. 2 shows the shape of the second head partial cooling chamber 17 in a plan view in the direction of the cylinder axis (the image plane is parallel to the cylinder head sealing plane 5), with the location of the inlet valves 10 and outlet valves 11 being indicated. Optimum cooling around the exhaust valve seats is achieved by the flow from the inner ring section 22 via the radial channels 23, 25, 27 to the outer ring section 28 of the second head partial cooling chamber 17.

[0032] The cylinder block 3 has an upper first block partial cooling jacket 29 and a lower second block partial cooling jacket 30 around the cylinder liner 31, which can be dry or wet. The first block partial cooling jacket 29 is arranged between the second block partial cooling jacket 30 and the cylinder head sealing plane 5. In their arrangement on the cylinder liner 31, the first block partial cooling jacket 29 and the second block partial cooling jacket 30 are separated from each other. In other words, a first block partial cooling jacket 29 and second block partial cooling jacket 30 are provided on the cylinder liner 31, separated from each other along the cylinder liner 31, with the second block partial cooling jacket 30 being arranged on a side of the first block partial cooling jacket 29 facing away from the fire deck 4. Furthermore, a main feed channel 32 and a main discharge channel 33 for coolant are integrated in the cylinder block 3 on the exhaust side 7, with the main feed channel 32 being arranged between the main discharge channel 33 and the cylinder head sealing plane 5.

[0033] In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the cylinder liner 31 is of wet design, with two separate annular spaces 29a, 30a being formed between the cylinder liner 31 and the cylinder block 3, which form the first and second block partial cooling chambers 29, 30. In this regard, the cylinder liner 31 has a collar 31a with sealing rings 40, which fit tightly against a mating surface of the cylinder block 3 and thus form a fluid-tight separation region 42 between the first block partial cooling jacket 29 and the second block partial cooling jacket 30.

[0034] The main feed channel 32 is flow-connected to the first head partial cooling chamber 16 via a first flow transfer 34 in the fire deck 4 of the cylinder head 2 and a supply channel 35. The second head partial cooling chamber 17 is connected to the first block partial cooling jacket 29 via a second flow transfer 36 in the fire deck 4. The second block partial cooling jacket 30 is connected to the main discharge channel 33. The first block partial cooling jacket 29 is connected to the second block partial cooling jacket 30 via a third flow transfer 36. The third flow transfer 37 extends offset from the cylinder liner 31 in the cylinder block 3.

[0035] The first flow transfer 34, the second flow transfer 36, the main feed channel 32 and the main discharge channel 33 are arranged on the exhaust side 7, the third flow transfer 37 is arranged essentially diametrically to the second flow transfer 36with respect to the cylinder axis 8.

[0036] The liquid coolant is supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 via the main feed channel 31 in the cylinder block 3 on the exhaust side 7 of the internal combustion engine 1. From this main feed channel 32, the coolant is fed via the first flow transfer 34 and the supply channel 35, which is formed parallel to the cylinder axis 8 for example, into the upper first head coolant chamber 16, flowing around the exhaust channels 13 and cooling them in the process. The coolant is then guided via at least the, for example, annular transfer duct 21 in the region of the central component 19 into the inner ring section 22 of the lower second head partial cooling chamber 17 and from this via at least one radial channel 23 in the region of the exhaust valve bridge 24 between two exhaust valves 11 and/or in the region of at least one exhaust/inlet valve bridge 26 between an exhaust valve 11 and an inlet valve 10 into the outer ring section 28 in the region of the cylinder edge 38 of the cylinder 39. From the outer ring section 28, the coolant is guided via the second flow transfer 36 arranged on the exhaust side 7 into the upper first block partial cooling jacket 29 of the cylinder block 3, which surrounds the cylinder liner 31 in a jacket-like manner, and is guided from the exhaust side 7 to the inlet side 6 while flowing around the upper region of the cylinder liner 31 adjacent to the cylinder head sealing plane 5. Via the third flow transfer 37 arranged on the inlet side 6 between the first block partial cooling jacket 29 and the second block partial cooling jacket 30, the coolant is guided into the lower second block partial cooling jacket 30 surrounding the cylinder liner 31 in a jacket-like manner and, flowing around the lower region of the cylinder liner 31, is guided to the main discharge channel 33 arranged on the exhaust side 7 of the cylinder block 3, from which the coolant is discharged from the internal combustion engine 1 and fed, for example, to a coolant radiator not shown further. The first block partial cooling jacket 29 and the second block partial cooling jacket 30 are flowed through in succession (serially). The third flow transfer 37 can be formed, for example, by an overflow channel arranged in the cylinder block 3.

[0037] Thus, between the inflow into the upper first head partial cooling chamber 16 and the outflow through the main discharge channel 33, the coolant is guided through the head partial cooling chamber 16 and the block cooling jacket 41 in at least severalfor example fourpasses S1, S2, S3, S4 extending transversely to the longitudinal engine plane 9, at least the two passes S3, S4 in the cylinder block 3 intersecting the longitudinal engine plane 9. A pass here denotes a substantially continuous heat transfer surface between two 180? detours of the flow path through the head 15 and block cooling chambers 41.

[0038] In this way, efficient cooling of thermally critical areas is achieved in both the cylinder head 2 and the cylinder block 3.