NEW DEFOLIANT AND APPLICATION THEREOF

Abstract

A new type of defoliant and the application thereof, specifically the application of a polyether compound in the preparation of defoliant, belonging to the technical field of pesticides. At least one of the polyether compound shown in Formula I (R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2) or salts thereof is used for preparation of defoliants or defoliation synergists, wherein, the R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbyl or a phenolic group; the R.sub.2 is —H, —O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH or —O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH; the n is 1-50, and m is 1-50. The compound is a new defoliant featured with low cost, convenient usage and favorable defoliation effect, and it is safe for the environment.

Claims

1. An application of at least one of a polyether compound shown in Formula I or salts thereof as an active constituent for preparation of a defoliant or a defoliation synergist,
R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2  I wherein, the R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbyl or a phenolic group; the R.sub.2 is —H, —O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH or —O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH; the n is 1-50, and m is 1-50; and the salt is preferably a sulphonate or a phosphate.

2. The application according to claim 1, wherein the R.sub.1 is a C2-50 hydrocarbyl.

3. The application according to claim 1, wherein the R.sub.2 is —H; or the R.sub.2 is —O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH, wherein, the n is 2-30, m is 1-30; or the R2 is —O(CH2CH2CHOH)mH, wherein, the n is 2-30, m is 1-30.

4. The application according to claim 1, wherein the n is 2-30.

5. The application according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the polyether compound shown in Formula I or salts thereof is used for preparation of defoliation synergists, and the defoliant is ethephon.

6. The application according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2 or its salt is 0.2-0.8wt %.

7. The application according to claim 1, wherein harvesting is performed 3-10 days after the defoliant is sprayed.

8. A defoliant, wherein it contains 0.2-0.8wt % , of the above-mentioned R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2 or its salt and agronomically acceptable additives and solvents according to claim 1.

9. The defoliant according to claim 8, wherein the additive includes a defoamer, and the ratio of the mass percentage of the R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2 or its salt to that of the defoamer is 11-99:0-2.

10. The defoliant according to claim 9, wherein the defoamer is a silicone defoamer or a polyether defoamer.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] FIG. 1 shows the pepper plants of the embodiment and the control group before application according to the invention;

[0036] FIG. 2 shows the pepper plants of the embodiment and the control group 3 days after application according to the invention;

[0037] FIG. 3 shows the pepper plants of the embodiment and the control group 5 days after application according to the invention;

[0038] FIG. 4 shows the pepper plants of the embodiment and the control group 7 days after application according to the invention;

[0039] FIG. 5 shows the pepper plants of the embodiment and the control group 20 days after application according to the invention;

[0040] 1# refers to C12-C14 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (5) ether.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0041] In order to solve the first technical problem of the invention, at least one of the polyether compound shown in Formula I or salts thereof is used for defoliation.

R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2  I

[0042] wherein, the R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbyl or a phenolic group;

[0043] the R.sub.2 is —H, —O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH or —O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH;

[0044] the n is 1-50, and m is 1-50;

[0045] and the salt is preferably a sulphonate or a phosphate.

[0046] The salt can be formed based on any position containing a hydroxyl group on R.sub.O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, the cation of the salt is potassium, sodium or ammonium.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the R.sub.1 is a C2-50 hydrocarbyl, preferably a C8-22 hydrocarbyl, and more preferably a C12-18 hydrocarbyl.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the R2 is —H;

[0050] or the R.sub.2 is —O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH, wherein, the n is 2-30, m is 1-30; preferably, n is 2-20, m is 1-20; further preferably, n is 3-9, m is 3-9; and more preferably, n is 3, m is 3;

[0051] or the R.sub.2 is —O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH, wherein, the n is 2-30, m is 1-30; preferably, n is 2-20, m is 1-20; further preferably, n is 3-9, m is 3-9; and more preferably, n is 3, m is 3.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, the n is 2-30, more preferably 2-20, and further preferably 3-9.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, the n is 3, 5, 7 or 9, and preferably 5.

[0054] For example, R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.3H, R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.5H, R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.7H or R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.9H. R.sub.1 is a hydroxyl group, for example, R.sub.1 is C12-18.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, at least one of R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.3H, R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.7H and R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.9H is used in combination with R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.5H; preferably, R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.7H is used in combination with R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.5H.

[0056] At least one of R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.3H, R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.7H and R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.9H is used in combination with R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.5H in any proportion.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, the concentration of the R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2 or its salt is 0.2-0.8wt %, preferably 0.5-0.8wt %

[0058] In a specific embodiment, harvesting is performed 3-10 days, preferably 5-7 days, after the defoliant is sprayed.

[0059] In order to solve the second technical problem of the invention, the defoliant of the invention contains 0.2-0.8wt %, preferably 0.5-0.8wt %, of the above-mentioned R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2 or its salt and agronomically acceptable additives and solvents.

[0060] The solvents can be agronomically acceptable solvents, for example, at least one of water, alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butyl alcohol, etc.), xylene, trimethylbenzene, and methylated vegetable oils.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, the additive includes a defoamer. The ratio of the mass percentage of the R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2 or its salt to that of the defoamer is 11-99: 0-2, preferably 50-99: 0.01-0.1.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, the defoamer is a silicone defoamer or a polyether defoamer.

[0063] The following description will detail the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the invention will thereby not be limited to the embodiments.

EMBODIMENT 1

[0064] Reagents

[0065] C12-C14 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (5) ether, purchased from Levima Advanced

Materials Co., Ltd.

[0066] Full branched-chain C12 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (5) ether, purchased from Sasol (China) Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0067] Straight-chain C12-14 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (5) ether, purchased from Sasol (China) Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0068] Isomeric C13 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (5) ether, purchased from Sasol (China) Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0069] Glycol analytical reagent

[0070] 95% ethanol analytical reagent

[0071] Silicone-modified defoamer AF-1501, purchased from FTRT CHEMICAL CO., LTD.

[0072] 40% ethephon solution, purchased from Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd.

[0073] The constituents of the defoliant in Embodiment 1 is shown in the Table 1 below:

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Constituents of Defoliant Ingredient Mass percentage Active constituents 80% Silicone-modified defoamer AF-1501  1% Ethylene glycol 10% 95% ethanol Topping up to 100%

[0074] 1 Test temperature and humidity

[0075] 10° C.-20° C., 40%˜70%

[0076] 2 Reagent description and concentration

[0077] The defoliant listed in Table 1 is diluted to a certain extent for application. See Table 2 for the active constituents and dilution factor of the defoliant.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Active Constituents and Dilution Factor Treatment No. Reagents Dilution factor 1 C12-C14 fatty alcohol 100X, 160X, 400X polyoxyethylene (5) ether 2 Full branched-chain C12 fatty 100X, 160X, 400X alcohol polyoxyethylene (5) ether 3 Straight-chain C12-14 fatty 100X, 160X, 400X alcohol polyoxyethylene (5) 4 Isomeric C13 fatty alcohol 100X, 160X, 400X polyoxyethylene (5) ether 5 C12-C14 fatty alcohol 160X + 1400X polyoxyethylene (5) ether + 40% ethephon 6 40% ethephon 700X 7 Clean Water —

[0078] 100X, 160X and 400X dilution of the C12-C14 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (5) ether refers to 100X, 160X and 400X dilution of the defoliant listed in Table 1 containing an active constituent of C12-C14 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (5) ether. 160X+1400X dilution of the C12-C14 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (5) ether+40% ethephon refers to 160X dilution of the defoliant listed in Table 1 containing an active constituent of C12-C14 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (5) ether and mixture with 40% ethephon subject to 1400X dilution, equivalent to that the mixed solution contains 0.5% of C12-C14 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (5) ether and 0.029% of ethephon.

[0079] 2.2 Plot design

[0080] A total of 7 treatment plots (including 1 for control group, with water) are arranged for the test, each including 5 pots.

[0081] 3 Test method

[0082] Spray method. The test reagent is prepared according to the design requirements, and then applied once to each treatment plot by uniformly spraying it onto each pot as per 100 ml/m.sup.2 of water consumption, while ensuring consistent spray onto each treatment plot and sufficient spray to cover the whole plant.

[0083] 4 Investigation

[0084] 4.1 Investigation time and method

[0085] Investigating the total number of treated leaves and fruits of each plant before application of the reagent, and 3 days, 5 days, 7 days, 20 days and 25 days after the application, calculating the defoliation rate and observing the influence on fruits.

[0086] Adding fixedly 150 ml of water to each pot each time.

[0087] 4.2 Calculation method

[0088] 4.2.1 Absolute value (digital measurement) investigation

[0089] According to the investigated data, calculating the defoliation rate as per equation (1), in the unit of percentage (%), rounded to two decimal places.

[0090] (1) Defoliation rate (%)=(total number of treated leaves—number of remaining leaves)/total number of treated leaves.

[0091] (2) Corrected defoliation rate (%)=(defoliation rate of the treatment plot—defoliation rate of the control group)/(1-defoliation rate of the control group)*100.

[0092] If the defoliation rate of the control group <5%, correction is not required; otherwise, the result should be corrected as per equation (2).

[0093] (3) Fruit abscission rate (%)=(total number of treated fruits—number of remaining fruits)/total number of treated fruits.

[0094] 5 Test results and analysis

[0095] The defoliation effect on the pepper plants is analyzed through comparison of the results of the pots before and after application of the reagent and the control group.

[0096] 5.1 Test results

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Defoliation Rate of Pepper Defoliation Defoliation Defoliation Defoliation Defoliation rate 3 days rate 5 days rate 7 days rate 20 days rate 25 days Dilution after appli- after appli- after appli- after appli- after appli- S/N Reagents factor cation/% cation/% cation/% cation/% cation/% 1 C12-C14 fatty alcohol 100X 60.03 78.72 94.97 69.9 18.42 polyoxyethylene (5) 160X 66.25 70.63 79.71 73.64 51.64 ether 400X −1.46 4.66 14.5 26.17 17.95 2 Full branched-chain 100X 72.15 87.4 100 84.33 75.8 C12 fatty alcohol 160X 74.69 85.12 93.59 72.18 18.07 polyoxyethylene (5) 400X 5.58 16.17 21.83 32.56 7.88 ether 3 Straight-chain C12-14 100X 54.46 68.84 86.02 69.02 35.12 fatty alcohol 160X 38.84 43.16 64.73 56.79 35.09 polyoxyethylene (5) 400X 6.99 10.84 15.88 27.07 8.36 4 Isomeric C13 fatty 100X 23.88 40.42 66.7 64.66 16.35 alcohol polyoxyethylene 160X 14.35 16.59 25.25 27.79 7.78 (5) ether 400X −3.15 −2.02 5.81 8.88 −2.16 5 C12-C14 fatty alcohol 160X + 90.71 94.7 100 55.88 35.75 polyoxyethylene (5) 1400X ether + 40% ethephon 6 40% ethephon 700X 14.09 36.48 57.09 2.39 −36.74 7 Clean Water — −0.28 −3.23 −8.94 −10.86 −29.65

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Fruit Abscission Rate of Pepper Fruit Fruit Fruit Fruit Fruit abscission abscission abscission abscission abscission rate 3 days rate 5 days rate 7 days rate 20 days rate 25 days Dilution after appli- after appli- after appli- after appli- after appli- S/N Reagents factor cation/% cation/% cation/% cation/% cation/% 1 C12-C14 fatty alcohol 100X 10 10 10 50 50 polyoxyethylene (5) 160X 5 5 5 16.17 26.67 ether 400X 0 0 6.67 21.67 21.67 2 Full branched-chain 100X 20 50 70 100 100 C12 fatty alcohol 160X 0 2 5 22.15 25.24 polyoxyethylene (5) 400X 0 6.67 −20 13.33 20 ether 3 Straight-chain 100X 8 21.33 28 42.67 42.67 C12-14 fatty alcohol 160X 0 0 0 −90 10 polyoxyethylene (5) 400X 10 15 15 25 30 4 Isomeric C13 fatty 100X 0 0 0 60 60 alcohol polyoxyethylene 160X 0 0 0 16.67 16.67 (5) ether 400X 0 0 −10 23.33 16.67 5 C12-C14 fatty alcohol 160X + 61 70 90 100 100 polyoxyethylene (5) 1400X ether + 40% ethephon 6 40% ethephon 700X 93.33 93.33 93.33 100 100 7 Clean Water — 0 0 0 6.67 6.67