Pulse current assisted uncanned rolling method for titanium-TiAl composite plates

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a pulse current assisted uncanned rolling method for titanium-TiAl composite plates, including the following specific steps: 1. preparing titanium alloy sheets; 2. preparing TiAl alloy sheets; 3. uncanned lay-up; 4. pulse current assisted hot-rolling; 5. separation and subsequent processing, thus getting the titanium-TiAl composite plates. The composite plates are of good quality on the surface without oxide layer shedding, no cracks at the edges and the ends, with uniform and fine microstructures, good bonding interface and excellent mechanical properties.

Claims

1. A pulse current assisted uncanned rolling method for titanium-TiAl composite plates, comprising the following steps: step 1, preparation of titanium alloy sheets: a. melting a titanium alloy by a vacuum induction levitation melting process, to obtain cylindrical ingots, wherein the cylindrical ingots have a diameter of ?100 mm and a height of ?180 mm; b. cutting off risers from the ingots and removing oxide skin from the surface by turn milling to obtain titanium alloy billets, then holding the titanium alloy billets in a box-type vacuum heat treatment furnace at 900? C.?1100? C. for 30?60 min, upsetting the titanium alloy billets with a hydraulic forging press at a strain rate of 0.01?0.05 s.sup.?1, for which the total deformation is 70?80%; at the end of upsetting, holding the billets in the vacuum heat treatment furnace at 400? C.?500? C. for 2 h, and furnace cooling the billets to obtain upset billets; c. removing oxide skin from the upset billets, flattening the surface, cutting the cores of forging discs and processing into standard rectangular blocks, chamfering the deformation front ends of the upset billets, holding in the box-type vacuum heat treatment furnace at 900? C.?1100? C. for 30?60 min, and then rolling at a rolling speed of 0.5?1.5 m/s, for which the pass reduction rate is 30%?40%, holding the passes back in the furnace at a holding temperature of 900? C.?1100? C. and for a period of 10?15 min, the total rolling deformation is 70%?80%, holding the rolled sheets in the vacuum heat treatment furnace at 400? C.?500? C. for 2 h, and furnace cooling the rolled sheets to obtain titanium alloy sheets; step 2, preparation of TiAl alloy sheets: a. melting a TiAl alloy by a vacuum induction levitation melting process, to get cylindrical ingots, wherein the cylindrical ingots have a diameter of ?100 mm and a height of ?180 mm; b. cutting off risers from the TiAl alloy ingots and then conducting hot isostatic pressing, then cutting off risers from the ingots and removing oxide skin from the surface by turn milling, and flattening the upper and lower end faces of the TiAl alloy ingots; c. spraying high temperature anti-oxidation coating onto the circumferential face and the upper and lower end faces of cylindrical TiAl alloy billets, holding in the box-type vacuum heat treatment furnace at 1200? C.?1250? C. for 30?60 min, heating the upper and lower anvils of the press with a split cylindrical box-type resistance furnace to 600? C.?700? C., conducting uncanned near-isothermal upsetting on the TiAl alloy billets at a strain rate of 0.01?0.05 s.sup.?1, for which the total deformation is 70?80%; at the end of upsetting, holding the billets in the vacuum heat treatment furnace at 900? C.?1000? C. for 2 h, furnace cooling; d. removing oxide skin from the upset billets, flattening the surface, cutting the cores of forging discs and processing into standard rectangular blocks, to obtain the TiAl alloy sheets; step 3, uncanned lay-up: a. cutting off billets with certain dimensions from the titanium alloy and TiAl alloy sheets prepared in steps 1 and 2 by wire cut electrical discharge machining, in which the thickness ratio of titanium alloy to TiAl alloy is 1.2:1?2:1; cutting the bottom titanium alloy concave billets from the cores of forging discs in step 1, chamfering the ends of the billets, then conducting surface treatment on the titanium alloy and TiAl alloy billets by means of mechanical polishing until the surface roughness reaches Ra1.6-Ra0.8, then ultrasonic cleaning in an acetone solution for 5?10 min, and then taking out and drying; b. laying-up the surface-treated titanium alloy and TiAl alloy billets in a symmetric stacking manner, with the titanium alloy on the outside, evacuating and then welding on by a tungsten argon arc welding process, to get the titanium-TiAl alloy slabs to be rolled; step 4, pulse current assisted hot-rolling: a. holding the titanium-TiAl alloy slabs to be rolled from step 3 in the vacuum box-type heat treatment furnace at 1050? C.?1150? C. for 30?60 min; b. taking the titanium-TiAl alloy slabs to be rolled out of the furnace for electroplastic rolling, in which pulse current is fed into the slabs away from the rolling inlet through a copper conductive clamp equipped with a graphite gasket, the rolling speed is 0.5?1.5 m/s, and the pass reduction rate is 15%?25%; holding the passes back in the furnace at a holding temperature of 1050? C.?1150? C. and for a period of 10?15 min, the total rolling deformation is 50%?60%; c. holding the rolled sheets in the vacuum heat treatment furnace at 900? C.?1000? C. for 2 h, furnace cooling, to get annealed titanium-TiAl composite plates; and step 5, separation and subsequent processing: a. trimming the annealed titanium-TiAl composite plates obtained from step 4 by means of mechanical processing, and separating the upper and lower composite plates; b. conducting surface treatment on the composite plates mechanically, polishing until the surface roughness reaches Ra1.6?Ra0.8, then ultrasonic cleaning in an acetone solution for 5?10 min, and then taking out and drying, to get the titanium-TiAl composite plates.

2. The pulse current assisted uncanned rolling method for titanium-TiAl composite plates according to claim 1, wherein, the titanium alloy types in step 1 comprise TC4 (Ti-6Al-4V) titanium alloy or BT16 (Ti-3Al-4.5V-5Mo) titanium alloy; the TiAl alloy types in step 2 comprise Ti-44Al-8Nb-(B,Y) alloy or Ti-43Al-4Nb-2Mo-2V alloy.

3. The pulse current assisted uncanned rolling method for titanium-TiAl composite plates according to claim 1, wherein, the heat treating atmosphere in b and c of step 1 is argon atmosphere, of which the argon pressure is 0.95?1 MPa and the mass purity of argon is 99.99%.

4. The pulse current assisted uncanned rolling method for titanium-TiAl composite plates according to claim 1, wherein, the atmosphere of hot isostatic pressing and heat treatment in b and c of step 2 is argon atmosphere, of which the argon pressure is 0.95?1 MPa and the mass purity of argon is 99.99%.

5. The pulse current assisted uncanned rolling method for titanium-TiAl composite plates according to claim 1, wherein, the hot isostatic pressing process is: the hot isostatic pressing temperature is 1230? C.?1260? C., the pressure is 100 MPa?150 MPa, under the protection of an argon atmosphere, holding for a period of 3 h?4 h, and tapping with the cooling of the furnace.

6. The pulse current assisted uncanned rolling method for titanium-TiAl composite plates according to claim 1, wherein, the chamfered corner in a of step 3 is a round corner with an angle of 45? and a radius of 3?6 mm; evacuating the air inside the lay-up through a vacuum pump.

7. The pulse current assisted uncanned rolling method for titanium-TiAl composite plates according to claim 1, wherein, the heat treating atmosphere in a, b and c of step 4 is argon atmosphere, of which the argon pressure is 0.95?1 MPa and the mass purity of argon is 99.99%; feeding a large flow of argon when opening and closing the furnace door to ensure an inert atmosphere environment; the pulse current in b of step 4 has a frequency of 300 Hz?800 Hz, its wave form is rectangle, the voltage is 120 V, and the peak current is 100?200 A.Math.mm.sup.?2; the insulation of the rolling mill stand is realized by ceramic insulation gaskets for the bearing seat.

8. The pulse current assisted uncanned rolling method for titanium-TiAl composite plates according to claim 4, wherein, the hot isostatic pressing process is: the hot isostatic pressing temperature is 1230? C.?1260? C., the pressure is 100 MPa?150 MPa, under the protection of an argon atmosphere, holding for a period of 3 h?4 h, and tapping with the cooling of the furnace.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the titanium-TiAl alloy lay-up in step 3.

(2) FIG. 2 is the SEM diagram of the titanium-TiAl composite plates obtained from step 5 of example 1.

(3) FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the tensile property of the titanium-TiAl composite plates obtained from step 5 of example 2 at room temperature.

(4) The markers in FIG. 1 are as below:

(5) 1Titanium alloy, 2TiAl, 3Separating agent, 4Evacuating pipe.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(6) The present disclosure will be further illustrated in combination with specific examples.

Example 1

(7) TC4/Ti-44Al-8Nb-(B, Y) alloy composite plates can be prepared as below:

(8) Step 1. Preparation of titanium alloy sheets: a. Melting TC4 (Ti-6Al-4V) titanium alloy by a vacuum induction levitation melting process, to get cylindrical ingots, of which the diameter is 100 mm and the height is 180 mm; b. Cutting off risers from the ingots and removing oxide skin from the surface by turn-milling technology, then holding the billets in a box-type vacuum heat treatment furnace at 950? C. for 30 min, upsetting the titanium alloy billets with a hydraulic forging press at a strain rate of 0.01 s.sup.?1, for which the total deformation is 70%; at the end of upsetting, holding the billets in the vacuum heat treatment furnace at 400? C. for 2 h, furnace cooling; c. Removing oxide skin from the upset billets, flattening the surface, cutting the cores of forging discs and processing into standard rectangular blocks, chamfering the deformation front ends of the billets, holding in a box-type vacuum heat treatment furnace at 950? C. for 30 min, and then rolling at a rolling speed of 1.5 m/s, for which the pass reduction rate is 40%, holding the passes back in the furnace at a holding temperature of 950? C. and for a period of 10 min, the total rolling deformation is 80%, holding the rolled sheets in the vacuum heat treatment furnace at 400? C. for 2 h, furnace cooling, to get the titanium alloy sheets.

(9) The heat treating atmosphere in b and c of step 1 is argon atmosphere, of which the argon pressure is 1 MPa and the mass purity of argon is 99.99%;

(10) Step 2. Preparation of TiAl alloy sheets: a. Melting Ti-44Al-8Nb-(B, Y) alloy by a vacuum induction levitation melting process, to get cylindrical ingots, of which the diameter is 100 mm and the height is 180 mm; b. Cutting off risers from the TiAl alloy ingots and then conducting hot isostatic pressing, the pressing process is at 1260? C., at 150 MPa, under the protection of an argon atmosphere, holding for 4 h, tapping with the cooling of the furnace; cutting off risers from the ingots and removing oxide skin from the surface by turn-milling technology, flattening the upper and lower end faces; c. Spraying high temperature anti-oxidation coating onto the circumferential face and the upper and lower end faces of cylindrical TiAl alloy billets, holding in the box-type vacuum heat treatment furnace at 1250? C. for 60 min; heating the upper and lower anvils of the press with a split cylindrical box-type resistance furnace to 700? C., conducting uncanned near-isothermal upsetting on the TiAl alloy billets at a strain rate of 0.01 s.sup.?1, for which the total deformation is 70%; at the end of upsetting, holding the billets in the vacuum heat treatment furnace at 900? C. for 2 h, furnace cooling; d. Removing oxide skin from the upset billets, flattening the surface, cutting the cores of forging discs and processing into standard rectangular blocks, to get the TiAl alloy sheets.

(11) The atmosphere of hot isostatic pressing and heat treatment in b and c of step 2 is argon atmosphere, of which the argon pressure is 1 MPa and the mass purity of argon is 99.99%; the high temperature anti-oxidation coating in c of step 2 is a commercial product of 1500? C. type; standing treatment after spraying, in which for the standing treatment, the temperature is 55? C., and the humidity is 60% RH.

(12) Step 3. Uncanned lay-up: a. Cutting off billets of 150 mm?100 mm from the titanium alloy and TiAl alloy sheets prepared in steps 1 and 2 by wire cut electrical discharge machining, in which the thicknesses of titanium alloy and TiAl alloy are 3 mm and 2.5 mm respectively; cutting the bottom titanium alloy concave billets from the cores of forging discs in step 1, chamfering the ends of the billets, then conducting surface treatment on the titanium alloy and TiAl alloy billets by means of mechanical polishing until the surface roughness reaches Ra1.6, then ultrasonic cleaning in an acetone solution for 10 min, and then taking out and drying; b. Laying-up the surface-treated titanium alloy and TiAl alloy billets in a symmetric stacking manner, with the titanium alloy on the outside, evacuating and then welding on by a tungsten argon arc welding process, to get the titanium-TiAl alloy slabs to be rolled; the lay-up manner is as shown in FIG. 1.

(13) The chamfered corner in a of step 3 is a round corner with an angle of 45? and a radius of 6 mm; the separating agent used in b of step 3 is nano-yttria coating; evacuating the air inside the lay-up through a vacuum pump.

(14) Step 4. Pulse current assisted hot-rolling: a. Holding the titanium-TiAl alloy slabs to be rolled from step 3 in the vacuum box-type heat treatment furnace at 1150? C. for 30 min; b. Taking the titanium-TiAl alloy slabs to be rolled out of the furnace for electroplastic rolling, in which pulse current is fed into the slabs away from the rolling inlet through a copper conductive clamp equipped with a graphite gasket, the rolling speed is 0.5 m/s, and the pass reduction rate is 15%; holding the passes back in the furnace at a holding temperature of 1150? C. and for a period of 15 min, the total rolling deformation is 50%; c. Holding the rolled sheets in the vacuum heat treatment furnace at 900? C. for 2 h, furnace cooling, to get annealed titanium-TiAl composite plates.

(15) The heat treating atmosphere in a, b and c of step 4 is argon atmosphere, of which the argon pressure is 0.95?1 MPa and the mass purity of argon is 99.99%; feeding a large flow of argon when opening and closing the furnace door to ensure an inert atmosphere environment; the pulse current in b of step 4 has a frequency of 800 Hz, its wave form is rectangle, the voltage is 120 V, and the peak current is 200 A.Math.mm.sup.?2; the insulation of the rolling mill stand is realized by ceramic insulation gaskets for the bearing seat.

(16) Step 5. Separation and subsequent processing: a. Trimming the annealed titanium-TiAl composite plates obtained from step 4 by means of mechanical processing, and separating the upper and lower composite plates; b. Conducting surface treatment on the composite plates mechanically, polishing until the surface roughness reaches Ra1.6, then ultrasonic cleaning in an acetone solution for 10 min, and then taking out and drying, to get the titanium-TiAl composite plates.

(17) The titanium-TiAl composite plates obtained from step 5 of example 1 have good bonding quality, with no obvious cracks on the interface, as shown in FIG. 2.

Example 2

(18) BT16/Ti-43Al-4Nb-2Mo-2V alloy composite plates can be prepared as below:

(19) Step 1. Preparation of titanium alloy sheets: a. Melting B T16 (Ti-3Al-4.5V-5Mo) titanium alloy by a vacuum induction levitation melting process, to get cylindrical ingots, of which the diameter is 100 mm and the height is 180 mm; b. Cutting off risers from the ingots and removing oxide skin from the surface by turn-milling technology, then holding the billets in a box-type vacuum heat treatment furnace at 1000? C. for 60 min, upsetting the titanium alloy billets with a hydraulic forging press at a strain rate of 0.05 s.sup.?1, for which the total deformation is 80%; at the end of upsetting, holding the billets in the vacuum heat treatment furnace at 500? C. for 2 h, furnace cooling; c. Removing oxide skin from the upset billets, flattening the surface, cutting the cores of forging discs and processing into standard rectangular blocks, chamfering the deformation front ends of the billets, holding in a box-type vacuum heat treatment furnace at 1000? C. for 60 min, and then rolling at a rolling speed of 1.5 m/s, for which the pass reduction rate is 40%, holding the passes back in the furnace at a holding temperature of 1000? C. and for a period of 15 min, the total rolling deformation is 80%, holding the rolled sheets in the vacuum heat treatment furnace at 500? C. for 2 h, furnace cooling, to get the titanium alloy sheets.

(20) The heat treating atmosphere in b and c of step 1 is argon atmosphere, of which the argon pressure is 1 MPa and the mass purity of argon is 99.99%;

(21) Step 2. Preparation of TiAl alloy sheets: a. Melting Ti-43Al-4Nb-2Mo-2V alloy by a vacuum induction levitation melting process, to get cylindrical ingots, of which the diameter is 100 mm and the height is 180 mm; b. Cutting off risers from the TiAl alloy ingots and then conducting hot isostatic pressing, the pressing process is at 1250? C., at 100 MPa, under the protection of an argon atmosphere, holding for 3 h, tapping with the cooling of the furnace; cutting off risers from the ingots and removing oxide skin from the surface by turn-milling technology, flattening the upper and lower end faces; c. Spraying high temperature anti-oxidation coating onto the circumferential face and the upper and lower end faces of cylindrical TiAl alloy billets, holding in the box-type vacuum heat treatment furnace at 1250? C. for 30 min; heating the upper and lower anvils of the press with a split cylindrical box-type resistance furnace to 700? C., conducting uncanned near-isothermal upsetting on the TiAl alloy billets at a strain rate of 0.05 s.sup.?1, for which the total deformation is 70%; at the end of upsetting, holding the billets in the vacuum heat treatment furnace at 900? C. for 2 h, furnace cooling; d. Removing oxide skin from the upset billets, flattening the surface, cutting the cores of forging discs and processing into standard rectangular blocks, to get the TiAl alloy sheets.

(22) The atmosphere of hot isostatic pressing and heat treatment in b and c of step 2 is argon atmosphere, of which the argon pressure is 1 MPa and the mass purity of argon is 99.99%; the high temperature anti-oxidation coating in c of step 2 is a commercial product of 1500? C. type; standing treatment after spraying, in which for the standing treatment, the temperature is 50? C., and the humidity is 50% RH.

(23) Step 3. Uncanned lay-up: a. Cutting off billets of 150 mm?100 mm from the titanium alloy and TiAl alloy sheets prepared in steps 1 and 2 by wire cut electrical discharge machining, in which the thicknesses of titanium alloy and TiAl alloy are 3 mm and 2 mm respectively; cutting the bottom titanium alloy concave billets from the cores of forging discs in step 1, chamfering the ends of the billets, then conducting surface treatment on the titanium alloy and TiAl alloy billets by means of mechanical polishing until the surface roughness reaches Ra1.6, then ultrasonic cleaning in an acetone solution for 5 min, and then taking out and drying; b. Laying-up the surface-treated titanium alloy and TiAl alloy billets in a symmetric stacking manner, with the titanium alloy on the outside, evacuating and then welding on by a tungsten argon arc welding process, to get the titanium-TiAl alloy slabs to be rolled; the lay-up manner is as shown in FIG. 1.

(24) The chamfered corner in a of step 3 is a round corner with an angle of 45? and a radius of 6 mm; the separating agent used in b of step 3 is nano-yttria coating; evacuating the air inside the lay-up through a vacuum pump.

(25) Step 4. Pulse current assisted hot-rolling: a. Holding the titanium-TiAl alloy slabs to be rolled from step 3 in the vacuum box-type heat treatment furnace at 1100? C. for 30 min; b. Taking the titanium-TiAl alloy slabs to be rolled out of the furnace for electroplastic rolling, in which pulse current is fed into the slabs away from the rolling inlet through a copper conductive clamp equipped with a graphite gasket, the rolling speed is 1.5 m/s, and the pass reduction rate is 20%; holding the passes back in the furnace at a holding temperature of 1100? C. and for a period of 15 min, the total rolling deformation is 60%; c. Holding the rolled sheets in the vacuum heat treatment furnace at 900? C. for 2 h, furnace cooling, to get annealed titanium-TiAl composite plates.

(26) The heat treating atmosphere in a, b and c of step 4 is argon atmosphere, of which the argon pressure is 1 MPa and the mass purity of argon is 99.99%; feeding a large flow of argon when opening and closing the furnace door to ensure an inert atmosphere environment; the pulse current in b of step 4 has a frequency of 300 Hz, its wave form is rectangle, the voltage is 120 V, and the peak current is 100 A.Math.mm.sup.?2; the insulation of the rolling mill stand is realized by ceramic insulation gaskets for the bearing seat.

(27) Step 5. Separation and subsequent processing: a. Trimming the annealed titanium-TiAl composite plates obtained from step 4 by means of mechanical processing, and separating the upper and lower composite plates; b. Conducting surface treatment on the composite plates mechanically, polishing until the surface roughness reaches Ra1.6, then ultrasonic cleaning in an acetone solution for 10 min, and then taking out and drying, to get the titanium-TiAl composite plates.

(28) The titanium-TiAl composite plates obtained from step 5 of example 2 have a size of 250 mm?90 mm?2 mm, the prepared titanium-TiAl composite plates have a tensile yield strength of 600 MPa at room temperature, and the elongation at room temperature is 0.9%, as shown in FIG. 3.

(29) The foregoing is only preferable implementation of the present disclosure. It should be noted to persons with ordinary skills in the art that several improvements and modifications can be made without deviating from the principle of the present disclosure, which are also considered as the protection scope of the present disclosure.