Method for providing multi-user single-carrier transmission with a smart frame

Abstract

The method is related to the smart frame design that contains multi-user single-carrier (SC) transmission to support 5G-and-beyond communication systems that permit enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) services. The method enhances the capacity of the system in line with the filter parameters to be selected according to the user's requirements and to meet the requirements of the desired and adjacent users.

Claims

1. A method for single-carrier transmission that allows multi-users through the use of a smart frame that supports the applications of enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) services, the method comprising the following steps: converting a message into data bits with 1 and/or 0 bits by an information source that intends to send a message; converting the data bits into symbols; performing pulse shaping with a transmitter square-root raised cosine (SRRC) filter by applying the following process steps: determining the time and band span of a signal in time and frequency and its out-of-band emission (OOBE) and characteristics by means of the roll-off parameter used in pulse shaping; determining inter-user guard band and aliasing rate by means of the roll-off parameter, filter length, and block size used in pulse shaping; controlling the OOBE and peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) levels for user's requirements by means of the roll-off parameter, filter length, and block size used in pulse shaping, and controlling the inter-user interference by means of the guard band and aliasing rate; and determining different values that need to be used within a block according to the requirements of the desired user and adjacent users; transmitting the signal transmitted by the transmitter SRRC filter to the receiver SRRC filter over a Rayleigh distribution channel by adding noise onto the signal; and conversion of the symbols received, by a decision-making device, into data bits.

2. Method according to claim 1, comprising the process step of calculating by the following formula:
BW=R*(1+?) the band filled at the frequency for the roll-off parameter, wherein: BW is the bandwidth occupied by the designed signal frame while performing communication between transmitter and receiver; R is the transmission data rate; and ? is the roll-off factor of the SRRC filter.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

(1) FIG. 1 shows a block diagram illustrating communication via a single-carrier (SC) transmission.

(2) FIG. 2 shows a diagram illustrating a RC filter time response for roll-off parameter roll-off parameter (?=0 & ?=1) and different filter lengths (?).

(3) FIG. 3 shows a diagram illustrating the RC filter frequency response for different roll-off parameters roll-off parameter (?).

(4) FIG. 4 shows a view of a conventional SC transmission through the use of the same SRRC filter (?=0) within a block.

(5) FIG. 5 shows a diagram representing an adaptive usage of the roll-off parameter roll-off parameter (for side symbols ?=1=and middle symbols (?=0).

(6) FIG. 6 shows a diagram illustrating the adjustment of the filter length and guard span within the SC frame recommended in the time plane adaptively according to the users' requirements, and the IBI control thereof.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

(7) 1. Information resource 2. Transmitter SRRC filter 3. Rayleigh distribution channel 4. Noise 5. Receiver SRRC filter 6. Decision-making device 7. Received packet ?: Roll-off parameter ?: Filter length eMBB: Enhanced Mobile Broadband mMTC: Massive Machine-Type Communication URLLC: Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication SE: Spectral Efficiency SRRC: Square-Root Raised Cosine filter RRC: Root Raised Cosine filter SINR: Signal-to-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio OOBE: Out-Of-Band-Emission PAPR: Peak-to-Average Power Ratio IBI: Inter-Blok Interference ISI: Inter-Symbol Interference

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(8) In this detailed description, the novelty subject to the invention is described by means of non-limiting examples only in an effort to help the subject matter to be better understood.

(9) The invention provides a smart frame that enables the SC transmission by taking the demands of adjacent users in the time and frequency into account. Adaptive use of a for a block given in a frame is shown in FIG. 5. Additionally, different a?[0, . . . 1] values for each symbol must be selected by considering the application and use cases of adjacent users as well as the user. The invention considers the demands of the users present, in a given frame by flexibly adjusting the use of radio resources, block size, side and middle pulse rates, roll-off parameter, filter length, inter-user guard span in time and frequency planes and inter-user power difference, and controls the ISI, IBI, OOBE, and PAPR for the users. In FIG. 6, an exemplary case related to the layout of two users and adaptive parameters for the users' layout within the frame is shown. The filter parameters selected according to the users' requirements enhance the capacity of the system and attempt to meet these requirements as well.

(10) To obtain a Nyquist filter in the receiver, the SRRC filter is used in the transmitter and receiver. The roll-off parameter (?), which is one of the parameters of the SRRC filter, decides the long span of the signal in the frequency. The band filled in the frequency for the given roll-off parameter is BW=R*(1+?). R is the transmission data rate. If the roll-off parameter is greater, the band used is large-sized and the energy distributed to side lobes of the filter is collected. Thus, in case of interference, the user will be exposed to less ISI and the emission to side lobes will be lower. Being exposed to lower ISI in time enhances the self-reliability of the user while reliability is also enhanced for other adjacent users with lower OOBE. However, to enhance the SE, in other words, to dedicate fewer resources to a user, the roll-off parameter needs to be set to a lower value. Therefore, the roll-off parameter needs to be selected to be able to enhance the SE and to ensure the reliability of the user.

(11) Another parameter of the SRRC filter is the filter length. The amount of the symbol span covered by the filter represents its length. The processing period for a long filter response takes longer time. This increases the latency for transmission. If the user demands rapid transmission, the filter must not be long. The filter length should be selected by considering the latency level that the user consents to. In other words, the roll-off parameter and the filter length, each of them being a filter parameter, have a direct correlation with each other.

(12) Additionally, the symbols present on the sides lead to OOBE more than the symbols that are present within the block of a user [3]. Therefore, different roll-off parameters must be used within a block. If the users demand high reliability, high roll-off parameter must be used for the symbols present on the side of the block to reduce the OOBE. If it is desired to enhance the SE, the users' signals can be transmitted by partially being overlaid. However, inter-user aliasing compromises users' reliability. In this case, the amount of aliasing must be selected in line with the reliability requirements of the user.

(13) The information resource (1) shown in FIG. 1 converts a desired digital and/or analog message into data bits through the use of logical 1 and logical 0 bits. The bits are converted into symbols by means of modulation techniques and transmitted by performing pulse shaping in the transmitter SRRC filter (2). The invention performs pulse shaping flexibly by considering the requirements of different users. The frame intended to be formed is obtained by being correlated with the users' requirements and the ISI, IBI, OOBE, and PAPR at different levels by considering different block sizes, roll-off parameters, filter lengths, inter-user guard bands or aliasing amounts, and inter-user power differences. Pulse shaping determines the period of the signal in the time and frequency, the band, OOBE and its characteristics. Our invention uses the symbols of low a values that are located within the block and the symbols of high ? values that are located at the sides of the block for pulse shaping. Different ? values that need to be used within a block are determined considering the requirements of the desired user and adjacent users. FIG. 5 shows as an example the SC block that uses two different values for the middle and side symbols. In FIG. 6, the aliasing amount of the signals is calculated by considering the long span and inter-user interference. The interference amount changes the achievable reliability for the users while the aliasing amount provides the SE. While meeting user requirements, the power difference between users is also considered in parameter selection. The interference of a user having low power interference because of another user having high power causes the transmission of the user having low power to be failed. After the signal leaves the transmitter SRRC filter (2), it passes through the Rayleigh distribution channel (3) and reaches the receiver SRRC filter (5). Before reaching the receiver SRRC filter (5), the signal is exposed to a channel effect, and noise (4) is added to the signal. The symbols received by the receiver SRRC filter (5) are converted into data bits by the decision-making device (6).

REFERENCES

(14) [1]A. Tusha, S. Do{hacek over (g)}an and H. Arslan, Single Carrier Transmission for URLLC with Adaptive Radio Resource Utilization, IWCMC, Tangier, Morocco, 2019, pp. 26-30. [2]K. S. Thyagarajan, Introduction to Digital Signal Processing Using MATLAB with Application to Digital Communications, Springer International Publishing AG, San Diego, CA, USA, 2019. [3]A. Sahin and H. Arslan, Edge Windowing for OFDM Based Systems, in IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 15, no. 11, pp. 1208-1211, November 2011.