Abstract
Electric shaver (1) having a main body (3) and a shaving unit (5) coupled to the main body. The shaving unit has three hair-cutting units (9a, 9b, 9c) each having an external cutting member (11) with a skin-contact surface (13) with hair-entry openings (15) and an internal cutting member (17) which is rotatable relative to the external cutting member. The hair-cutting units each have at least one geometric parameter (w) that influences a hair-cutting process of each individual hair-cutting unit. The shaving unit can be positioned relative to the main body in at least two different angular positions about a central axis (37) of the shaving unit. A value of the geometric parameter of at least one of the hair-cutting units is different from the values of the geometric parameter of the other hair-cutting units.
Claims
1. Electric shaver comprising a main body and a shaving unit coupled to the main body, wherein: the shaving unit comprises at least three hair-cutting units and a supporting member supporting the at least three hair-cutting units; each hair-cutting unit comprises an external cutting member with a skin-contact surface provided with hair-entry openings, and an internal cutting member which is rotatable relative to the external cutting member; the hair-cutting units each have at least one geometric parameter relating to a corresponding geometric property of the hair-cutting units, wherein a hair-cutting process of each individual hair-cutting unit is influenced by a value of said at least one geometric parameter of said individual hair-cutting unit; the supporting member has a central axis which extends transversely relative to the skin-contact surfaces of the external cutting members; and the shaving unit is configured to be positionable in at least two different angular positions about the central axis relative to the main body and coupled to the main body; characterized in that the value of said at least one geometric parameter of at least one of the hair-cutting units is different from the values of said at least one geometric parameter of the other hair-cutting units.
2. Electric shaver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shaving unit is manually decouplable from the main body and manually couplable to the main body into each of said at least two different angular positions about the central axis.
3. Electric shaver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shaving unit is coupled to the main body such as to be rotatable relative to the main body about the central axis into each of said at least two different angular positions.
4. Electric shaver as claimed in claim 3, wherein the shaving unit is rotatable relative to the main body by means of an actuator.
5. Electric shaver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the value of said at least one geometric parameter of each hair-cutting unit is different from the value of said at least one geometric parameter of each of the other hair-cutting units.
6. Electric shaver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shaving unit comprises three hair-cutting units mutually arranged in a tri-angular configuration, and wherein the shaving unit is configured to be positionable in at least three different angular positions about the central axis relative to the main body.
7. Electric shaver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one geometric parameter is at least one of: a geometric parameter of the hair-entry openings in corresponding positions on the external cutting members of the hair-cutting units; a geometric parameter of a cutting edge in corresponding positions on the internal cutting members or on the external cutting members of the hair-cutting units; a geometric parameter of a cross-sectional profile of a wall section of the external cutting member present between adjacent hair-entry openings in corresponding positions on the external cutting members of the hair-cutting units.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] For a better understanding of the invention, and to show more clearly how it may be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example only, to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0019] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an electric shaver according to the invention;
[0020] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a hair-cutting unit of the electric shaver of FIG. 1;
[0021] FIG. 3 shows in detail a number of hair-entry openings of an external cutting member of the hair-cutting unit of FIG. 2;
[0022] FIGS. 4a-4f schematically show a number of different angular positions in which a shaving unit of the electric shaver of FIG. 1 is positionable relative to a main body of the electric shaver;
[0023] FIG. 5 schematically shows an actuator system of the electric shaver of FIG. 1 by means of which the shaving unit of the electric shaver can be positioned in the different angular positions as show in FIGS. 4a-4f;
[0024] FIGS. 6a and 6b show a second embodiment of an electric shaver according to the invention;
[0025] FIG. 7 shows a schematic cross-section of the electric shaver according to the line VII-VII in FIG. 6a; and
[0026] FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross-section of the hair-cutting unit of FIG. 2 in an assembled condition according to the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 3.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0027] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an electric shaver 1 according to the invention. The shaver 1 comprises a main body 3 designed to be held by a user's hand during use. The shaver 1 further comprises a shaving unit 5 which is coupled to the main body 3. The shaving unit 5 comprises a supporting member 7 and three hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c which are supported by the supporting member 7 in a tri-angular configuration. FIG. 2 shows the parts of one of the hair-cutting units 9a in an exploded view and oriented upside down. The other two hair-cutting units 9b, 9c have comparable parts. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, each hair-cutting unit 9a, 9b, 9c comprises an external cutting member 11 which has an annular skin-contact surface 13 provided with a plurality of hair-entry openings 15. Each hair-cutting unit 9a, 9b, 9c further has an internal cutting member 17. In the assembled condition of the hair-cutting unit 9a, 9b, 9c the internal cutting member 17 is arranged in and covered by the external cutting member 11 and is rotatable relative to the external cutting member 11 about an axis of rotation 19. In said assembled condition, the internal cutting member 17 is held in position in the external cutting member 11 by means of a holding member 21. The holding member 21 is releasbly coupled to a skin-supporting rim 23 of the hair-cutting unit 9a, 9b, 9c which, in the assembled condition, surrounds the external cutting member 11. The skin-supporting rims 23 of the hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c are each mounted to the supporting member 7, preferably in a pivotal way such that the hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c can adapt their orientations relative to the supporting member 7 in order to follow local contours on the user's face during use.
[0028] The main body 3 accommodates an electric motor 25 which is only schematically shown in FIG. 1. The electric motor 25 is arranged to drive the internal cutting members 17 into rotation relative to the external cutting members 11 during use, in particular via a mechanical transmission which is not shown in the figures for simplicity reasons and which can be of any type well known to the skilled person. As shown in FIG. 2, the internal cutting member 17 is provided with a plurality of hair-cutting elements 27 arranged in an annular configuration for co-operation with the hair-entry openings 15 provided in the annular skin-contact surface 13 of the external cutting member 11. The hair-cutting elements 27 are each provided with a cutting edge 29 arranged for co-operation with counter cutting edges 31 which are provided as edges of the hair-entry openings 15 on an annular inner surface 33 of the external cutting member 11. During use, hairs that penetrate into the external cutting member 11 via the hair-entry openings 15 are cut between the cutting edges 29 of the internal cutting member 17 and the counter cutting edges 31 of the external cutting member 11 as a result of the rotation of the internal cutting member 17.
[0029] The hair-cutting process of the hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c and the overall shaving result of the electric shaver 1 are influenced by a number of geometric parameters of the hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c. Important aspects of the overall shaving result are the closeness of the hair-cutting process, i.e. the hair-stubble length remaining after the hair-cutting process, and the degree of skin irritation caused by the hair-cutting process. As a general rule, skin irritation will increase with increasing closeness. An example of a geometric parameter that influences the shaving result is a width w of the hair-entry openings 15 provided in the external cutting member 11 of the hair-cutting unit 9a, 9b, 9c. As shown in FIG. 3, in the embodiment of the electric shaver 1 the hair-entry openings 15 are slot-shaped, and their width is indicated by w. An increasing width w of the hair-entry openings 15 will increase the degree of skin doming into the hair-entry openings 15. This will result in an increase of the closeness of the hair-cutting process, but will also increase the level of skin irritation. Another example of a geometric parameter that influences the shaving result is a depth of the hair-entry openings 15, which corresponds to a thickness t of the strip-shaped wall portions 35 of the external cutting member 11 arranged between the hair-entry openings 15, as shown in FIG. 3. An increasing depth of the hair-entry openings 15, i.e. an increasing thickness t of the wall portions 35, will decrease the degree of skin doming into the hair-entry openings 15. This will result in a decrease of the closeness of the hair-cutting process, but will also decrease the level of skin irritation.
[0030] The present invention is based on the insight that, in an electric shaver comprising a shaving unit having at least three hair-cutting units of a rotary type, a degree at which each individual hair-cutting unit contributes to the overall shaving result of the shaving unit depends on the position of said individual hair-cutting unit relative to the main body and relative to the other hair-cutting units when the main body is held by the user's hand during the shaving process. In particular, in the electric shaver 1 with the three hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c arranged in a tri-angular configuration as shown in FIG. 1, it was found that, when the main body 3 is held by the user's hand in an upright position during the shaving process, the two hair-cutting units 9a, 9b which are arranged in the uppermost position relative to the main body 3 have a more dominant influence on the overall shaving result of the shaving unit 5 as compared with the hair-cutting unit 9c which is arranged in the lowermost position. Based on this insight, the electric shaver 1 enables the user to adapt the overall shaving result of the shaving unit 5 to his personal needs in that the three hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c have mutually different values for at least one geometric parameter that influences the hair-cutting process of each individual hair-cutting unit 9a, 9b, 9c, and in that the shaving unit 5 is configured to be positionable in at least three different angular positions about a central axis 37 of the supporting member 7 which extends transversely relative to the skin-contact surfaces 13 of the external cutting members 11.
[0031] In particular, the hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c have mutually different values, respectively w1, w2 and w3, for the width w of the hair-entry openings 15, wherein w1<w2<w3. The shaving unit 5 can be positioned in six different angular positions about the central axis 37 relative to the main body 3, which mutually enclose angles of about 600 and are schematically shown in FIGS. 4a-4f. In a first angular position of the shaving unit 5 shown in FIG. 4a, the hair-cutting unit 9a with the smallest width w1 of the hair-entry openings 15 is in the uppermost dominant position relative to the main body 3, and the hair-cutting units 9b, 9c are in the lowermost position relative to the main body 3. Because in this first angular position of the shaving unit 5 the hair-cutting unit 9a with the smallest width w1 of the hair-entry openings 15 is in the most dominant position relative to the main body 3, the shaving unit 5 provides an overall shaving result with a relatively low closeness and a relatively low degree of skin irritation, i.e. with a relatively high degree of skin comfort. In the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth angular position of the shaving unit 5 as respectively shown in the FIGS. 4b-4f, respectively the hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, the hair-cutting unit 9b, the hair-cutting units 9b, 9c, the hair-cutting unit 9c and the hair-cutting units 9a, 9c are in the uppermost dominant position relative to the main body 3. As a result, the fourth and fifth angular positions of the shaving unit 5 provide overall shaving results with a relatively high closeness but a relatively low degree of skin comfort, the second angular position of the shaving unit 5, like the first angular position of the shaving unit 5, provides an overall shaving result with a relatively low closeness but a relatively high degree of skin comfort, and the third and sixth angular positions of the shaving unit 5 provide shaving results with a medium closeness and a medium degree of skin comfort.
[0032] The shaving unit 5 is positionable in each of the six different angular positions relative to the main body 3 as shown in FIGS. 4a-4f by means of an actuator system 39 which is schematically shown in FIG. 5. The shaving unit 5 is connected to the main body 3 by means of a rotational bearing 41 such as to be rotatable relative to the main body 3 about the central axis 37 of the shaving unit 5. The actuator system 39 comprises a secondary electric motor 43 which is accommodated in the main body 3 in addition to the electric motor 25. The secondary electric motor 43 can drive the shaving unit 5 into rotation relative to the main body 3 about the central axis 37 via a transmission system, for example a gear box 45 which is only schematically indicated in FIG. 5. A user can select each of the six different angular positions of the shaving unit 5 by means of a user interface 47 provided on the main body 3, which may comprise a selection knob or another well-known type of user input member. The user interface 47 is electrically connected to a control unit 49 of the actuator system 39 accommodated in the main body 3. The control unit 49 controls the secondary electric motor 43 in a manner known to the skilled person based on the input of the user interface 47 and the input of an angular position sensor 51, which is arranged on the main body 3 to measure the angular position of the shaving unit 5 relative to the main body 3.
[0033] In a modification of the first embodiment of the electric shaver 1, not shown in the figures, the actuator system 39 may be omitted and the shaving unit 5 may be manually rotatable by the user into each of the six angular positions relative to the main body 3 about the central axis 37 as shown in the FIGS. 4a-4f. In this embodiment, a known type of arrest member may be provided to releasably arrest the shaving unit 5 in each of the six angular positions relative to the main body 3 and to simultaneously provide the user with tactile feedback when reaching any of the six angular positions during manual rotation of the shaving unit 5 relative to the main body 3. Such an arrest member may for example comprise a spring-loaded ball provided on the main body 3 which may releasably engage any of six indentations provided with mutual angular interspaces of 60? on an annular collar mounted to the shaving unit 5 co-axially relative to the central axis 37.
[0034] FIGS. 6a and 6b show a second embodiment of an electric shaver 1 according to the invention. Parts of the electric shaver 1, which are similar to corresponding parts of the electric shaver 1 according to the first embodiment as described here before, are indicated in FIGS. 6a and 6b by similar reference numbers and will not be discussed in detail in the following. The electric shaver 1 is a simplified embodiment of the invention in that it does not comprise an actuator system to rotate the shaving unit 5 relative to the main body 3 into any of a number of different angular positions about the central axis 37 of the shaving unit 5. Instead, the shaving unit 5 is manually decouplable from the main body 3 and manually couplable to the main body 3 into each of three different angular positions relative to the main body 3 about the central axis 37, wherein said three different angular positions mutually include angles of about 120?. For this purpose, as schematically shown in FIG. 7 which is a schematic cross-section of the electric shaver 1, the shaving unit 5 is releasably coupled to the main body 3 by means of three releasable coupling members 53, which may be of any kind well-known to the skilled person. The three coupling members 53 are symmetrically arranged around the central axis 37 at mutually included angles of 120?, such that the shaving unit 5 can be coupled to the main body 3 in each of said three different angular positions relative to the main body 3. In the cross-section of FIG. 7, only two of the three coupling members 53 are visible, and they are schematically indicated as releasable snap connections. The user can manually decouple the shaving unit 5 from the main body 3 and manually reposition and couple the shaving unit 5 onto the main body 3 in any of said three different angular positions relative to the main body 3. For this purpose, a central driven shaft 55 of the shaving unit 5 is releasably coupled to a drive shaft 57 which is accommodated in the main body 3 and coupled to the electric motor (not shown). The central driven shaft 55 is coupled to three drive spindles 59 by means of a transmission 61. The drive spindles 59 are each coupled to a respective one of the internal cutting members of the three hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c, which are also not shown in FIG. 7. Only two of the three drive spindles 59 are visible in FIG. 7.
[0035] In a first of said three different angular positions of the shaving unit 5 relative to the main body 3, as shown in FIG. 6a, the hair-cutting units 9a and 9b are in the uppermost dominant position relative to the main body 3, and the hair-cutting unit 9c is in the lowermost position relative to the main body 3. Because in this first angular position of the shaving unit 5 the hair-cutting unit 9a with the smallest width w1 of the hair-entry openings and the hair-cutting unit 9b with the medium width w2 of the hair-entry openings are in the most dominant position relative to the main body 3, the shaving unit 5 provides an overall shaving result with a relatively low closeness and a relatively low degree of skin irritation, i.e. with a relatively high degree of skin comfort. In a second of said three different angular positions of the shaving unit 5 relative to the main body 3, as shown in FIG. 6b, the hair-cutting units 9b and 9c are in the uppermost dominant position relative to the main body 3, and the hair-cutting unit 9a is in the lowermost position relative to the main body 3. Because in this second angular position of the shaving unit 5 the hair-cutting unit 9b with the medium width w2 of the hair-entry openings and the hair-cutting unit 9c with the largest width w3 of the hair-entry openings are in the most dominant position relative to the main body 3, the shaving unit 5 provides an overall shaving result with a relatively high closeness and a relatively high degree of skin irritation, i.e. with a relatively low degree of skin comfort. In a third of said three different angular positions of the shaving unit 5 relative to the main body 3, not shown in the figures, the hair-cutting units 9a and 9c are in the uppermost dominant position relative to the main body 3, and the hair-cutting unit 9b is in the lowermost position relative to the main body 3. Because in this third angular position of the shaving unit 5 the hair-cutting unit 9a with the lowest width w1 of the hair-entry openings and the hair-cutting unit 9c with the largest width w3 of the hair-entry openings are in the most dominant position relative to the main body 3, the shaving unit 5 provides an overall shaving result with a medium closeness and a medium degree of skin irritation, i.e. with a medium degree of skin comfort.
[0036] In the first and second embodiments of the electric shaver 1, 1 according to the invention as described here before, the hair-cutting units 9, 9 have mutually different values for the width of the hair-entry openings 15. Instead thereof or in addition thereto, the hair-cutting units 9. 9 may have mutually different values for another geometric parameter of the hair-entry openings 15 that influences the hair-cutting process of the individual hair-cutting units 9. 9. An example of such a geometric parameter is the depth of the hair-entry openings 15, which corresponds to the thickness t of the strip-shaped wall portions 35 of the external cutting members 11 arranged between the hair-entry openings 15, as already mentioned here before and shown in FIG. 3. Another example of such a geometric parameter is the longitudinal orientation of the slot-shaped hair-entry openings 15, in particular the angle ? relative to the radial direction R as shown in FIG. 3. The angle ? in particular influences a maximum length of the hairs that can optimally enter into the hair-entry openings 15 during the shaving process. Thus, by providing the three hair-cutting units 9, 9 with mutually different angles ? for the longitudinal orientation of the hair-entry openings 15, the user can select between optimum shaving results for different hair lengths. In embodiments wherein the hair-cutting units have round or circular hair-entry openings (not shown in the figures), the hair-cutting units may have different values for the diameter of the hair-entry openings. The diameter of the hair-entry openings influences the closeness and the degree of skin comfort in a way similar to the width w of the slot-shaped hair-entry openings 15, of the hair-cutting units 9, 9.
[0037] Instead of or in addition to the one or more geometric parameters of the hair-entry openings 15, the hair-cutting units 9, 9 may have mutually different values for another type of geometric parameter of the hair-cutting units 9, 9 that influences the hair-cutting process of each individual hair-cutting unit 9, 9. An example is a geometric parameter of the cutting edges 29 provided on the cutting elements 27 of the internal cutting members 17, or a geometric parameter of the counter cutting edges 31 provided on the hair-entry openings 15 of the external cutting members 11. An example is the wedge angle ? enclosed by the facets 63, 65 of the cutting edges 29 as schematically shown in FIG. 8, which represents a schematic cross-section of the hair-cutting unit 9, 9. Other examples are the wedge angle ? enclosed by the facets 67, 69 of the counter cutting edges 31 as schematically shown in FIG. 8, an orientation (not shown) of the cutting edges 29 and/or the counter cutting edges 31 relative to the radial direction, and a shearing angle (not shown) enclosed by the cutting edges 29 and the counter cutting edges 31 at a hair-cutting location. All such geometric parameters of the cutting edges 29 and the counter cutting edges 31 have a particular influence on the hair-cutting efficiency and the degree of skin irritation, so that differences of these geometrical parameters present between the hair-cutting units 9, 9 enable the user to adapt the overall shaving result of the shaving unit 5, 5 to his personal needs by positioning the shaving unit 5, 5 in a suitable angular position relative to the main body 3, 3.
[0038] Another type of geometric parameter of the hair-cutting units 9, 9 that influences the hair-cutting process of each individual hair-cutting unit 9, 9 is a geometric parameter of a cross-sectional profile of the strip-shaped wall portions 35 of the external cutting members 11 arranged between the hair-entry openings 15, as shown in FIG. 8. Examples of such geometric parameters are an average thickness t.sub.AV or a length L of said profile, or a wedge angle ? at the edges 71 of the wall portions 35 opposite to the counter cutting edges 31. All such operational parameters at least influence the degree of skin doming into the hair-entry openings 15 and, thereby, influence at least the degree of skin comfort.
[0039] As will be understood, the invention covers embodiments wherein the hair-cutting units 9, 9 have mutually different values for only one geometric parameter that influences the hair-cutting process of each individual hair-cutting unit 9, 9, as well as embodiments wherein the hair-cutting units 9, 9 have mutually different values for two or more than two geometric parameters that each influence the hair-cutting process of each individual hair-cutting unit 9, 9. Examples of suitable geometric parameters have been described here before. The object of the invention may also be achieved, although maybe to a smaller extent, by embodiments wherein two of the hair-cutting units 9, 9 are mutually identical and wherein only one of the hair-cutting units 9, 9 has a different value for a particular geometric parameter as compared with the two identical hair-cutting units 9, 9.
[0040] The invention is not limited to embodiments wherein the value of the one or more geometric parameters, that differs between the hair-cutting units, is constant in each position on each individual hair-cutting unit. This will be explained in more detail in the example wherein the geometric parameter is the width of the hair-entry openings 15, but applies equally to other types of geometric parameters as for example described here before. In other words, the invention covers embodiments wherein the value of the geometric parameter, i.e. in this case the width of the hair-entry openings, is different for different locations on each individual hair-cutting unit 9, 9. In such embodiments, it will be clear that the width of the hair-entry openings 15 should be different for corresponding hair-entry openings 15 of the three hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c. In general, corresponding hair-entry openings 15 are to be understood as hair-entry openings present in corresponding positions on the three hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c, preferably when considering identical positions of the hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c with respect to the main body 3. Thus, as shown in FIGS. 4a-4f, corresponding positions on the three hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c are for example the positions Pa, Pb and Pc as indicated in FIG. 4, which are mutually identical for corresponding positions of the hair-cutting units 9a, 9b, 9c with respect to the main body 3.
[0041] The invention is also not limited to embodiments wherein the shaving unit can be positioned relative to the main body in at least three different angular positions about the central axis of the shaving unit, as in the first and second embodiments of the electric shaver 1, 1 as described here before. It will be understood that the object of the invention may also be achieved, although maybe to a smaller extent, by embodiments wherein the shaving unit can be positioned relative to the main body in only two different angular positions about the central axis of the shaving unit.
[0042] It is finally noted that the invention also covers embodiments wherein the shaving unit has more than three individual hair-cutting units. It will be understood that, also in such embodiments with four or more hair-cutting units, the individual hair-cutting units will provide a more dominant or a less dominant contribution to the overall shaving result of the shaving unit depending on their positions relative to the main body and depending on their mutual positions. Thus, also in these embodiments the user can adapt the overall shaving result of the electric shaver by repositioning the shaving unit relative to the main body in a manner as described in detail here before with respect to the first and second embodiments of the electric shaver 1, 1.
