Drilling apparatus for producing a cased bore and method for operating a drilling apparatus

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling apparatus for producing a cased bore with a first drill drive for driving a drill rod in a rotating manner, at the lower end of which a drilling tool for removing ground material is arranged, a mast, along which the first drill drive is movable with a sledge, and a second drive, with which a support tube for the bore can be introduced into the ground. According to the invention a computer unit is provided, in which a current drilling depth of the drilling tool and a depth of introduction of the support tube are indicated. Furthermore, a monitor is provided, on which the current drilling depth in relation to the depth of introduction of the support tube can be displayed by the computer unit. The invention further relates to a method for operating such a drilling apparatus.

Claims

1. A drilling apparatus for producing a cased bore, comprising: a first drill drive for driving a drill rod in a rotating manner, at the lower end of which a drilling tool for removing ground material is arranged, a mast, along which the first drill drive is movable with a sledge, and a second drive, with which a support tube for the cased bore can be introduced into the ground, wherein the drilling tool is configured to be moved in and out of an inner hollow space of the support tube, a computer unit is provided, in which a current drilling depth of the drilling tool and a depth of introduction of the support tube are indicated, and a monitor is provided, on which the current drilling depth in relation to the depth of introduction of the support tube is displayed by the computer unit, which provides a gauge as to whether drilling is being carried out with the drilling tool in a preceding position or in a lagging position with respect to the support tube.

2. The drilling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second drive is an output element which is driven by a motor of the first drill drive.

3. The drilling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first drill drive and the second drive are jointly arranged on the sledge.

4. The drilling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second drive is a casing machine which is mounted on a base structure of the drilling apparatus.

5. The drilling apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the casing machine has a pivotable collet for introducing the support tube in a rotating manner into the ground.

6. The drilling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, when the drilling tool is in the lagging position with respect to the support tube, the computer unit and monitor are configured to display one or more displays configured for the lagging position, and wherein, when the drilling tool is in the preceding position with respect to the support tube, the computer unit and monitor are configured to display one or more displays configured for the preceding position.

7. The drilling apparatus according to claim 6, wherein, when the drilling tool is in the lagging position with respect to the support tube, the computer unit and monitor are configured to display the following: a first display of a first condition of the drilling apparatus, wherein excavation of the ground has not yet taken place, and which is to display a tube length of the support tube relative to an initial depth of a lower edge of the drilling tool, a second display of a second condition of the drilling apparatus, wherein the ground is drilled out of the support tube with the drilling tool, wherein both the length of the support tube and the drilling depth reached are shown, a third display of a third condition of the drilling apparatus, wherein the support tube is once again coupled with the second drive and screwed further into the ground and a new relation of depth measurement is effected, a fourth display of a fourth condition of the drilling apparatus after decoupling of the second drive from the support tube and a further drilling-out inside the support tube is effected, a fifth display of a fifth condition of the drilling apparatus, wherein an additional support tube element is attached, and an extended support tube is formed, a sixth display of a sixth condition of the drilling apparatus after renewed coupling of the extended support tube with the second drive and after the extended support tube is screwed deeper into the ground, a seventh display of a seventh condition of the drilling apparatus, wherein further drilling-out and removal of the ground material from the support tube is effected, an eighth display of an eighth condition of the drilling apparatus after screwing-in of the extended support tube, and a ninth display of a ninth condition of the drilling apparatus after drilling-out of the ground material located in the extended support tube.

8. The drilling apparatus according to claim 7, wherein, in the second display, a downward shifted horizontal bar is displayed inside the support tube, which indicates the drilling depth of the drilling tool.

9. The drilling apparatus according to claim 8, wherein, in the second display, the drilling tool is shown with an additional horizontal bar inside the support tube on the monitor.

10. A method for operating a drilling apparatus, in which a cased bore is produced with a support tube, the drilling apparatus comprising: a first drill drive for driving a drill rod in a rotating manner, at the lower end of which a drilling tool for removing ground material is arranged, a mast, along which the first drill drive is movable with a sledge, and a second drive, with which the support tube for the cased bore can be introduced into the ground, wherein the drilling tool is configured to be moved in and out of an inner hollow space of the support tube, a computer unit is provided, in which a current drilling depth of the drilling tool and a depth of introduction of the support tube are indicated, and a monitor is provided, on which the current drilling depth in relation to the depth of introduction of the support tube can be displayed by the computer unit, which provides a gauge as to whether drilling is being carried out with the drilling tool in a preceding position or in a lagging position with respect to the support tube, wherein the method comprises: indicating the depth of introduction of the support tube into the ground in the computer unit, detecting the current drilling depth of the drilling tool during the production of the cased bore and indicating the current drilling depth in the computer unit and displaying by means of the computer unit the current drilling depth in relation to the depth of introduction of the support tube on the monitor.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the detection of the current drilling depth of the drilling tool takes place via a sensor.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the input of the depth of introduction of the support tube takes place manually via an operation terminal or automatically via a sensor.

13. The method according to claim 10, wherein the detection of the current drilling depth takes place by means of a position measurement of the sledge of the first drill drive and/or a location measurement of the drill rod, at the lower end of which the drilling tool is mounted.

14. The method according to claim 10, wherein by way of the computer unit a bar display of the depth of introduction of the support tube and of the current drilling depth is generated on the monitor.

15. The method according to claim 10, wherein the support tube is composed of at least two support tube elements, wherein an additive overall display of the depth of introduction is provided.

16. The method according to claim 10, wherein on the monitor the support tube or a support tube element of the support tube is displayed on the monitor before and after introduction into the ground.

17. The method according to claim 10, wherein, when the drilling tool is in the lagging position with respect to the support tube, the computer unit and monitor are configured to display one or more displays configured for the lagging position, and wherein, when the drilling tool is in the preceding position with respect to the support tube, the computer unit and monitor are configured to display one or more displays configured for the preceding position.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, when the drilling tool is in the lagging position with respect to the support tube, the computer unit and monitor are configured to display one or more of the following: a first display of a first condition of the drilling apparatus, wherein excavation of the ground has not yet taken place, and which is to display a tube length of the support tube relative to an initial depth of a lower edge of the drilling tool, a second display of a second condition of the drilling apparatus, wherein the ground is drilled out of the support tube with the drilling tool, wherein both the length of the support tube and the drilling depth reached are shown, a third display of a third condition of the drilling apparatus, wherein the support tube is once again coupled with the second drive and screwed further into the ground and a new relation of depth measurement is effected, a fourth display of a fourth condition of the drilling apparatus after decoupling of the second drive from the support tube and a further drilling-out inside the support tube is effected, a fifth display of a fifth condition of the drilling apparatus, wherein an additional support tube element is attached, and an extended support tube is formed, a sixth display of a sixth condition of the drilling apparatus after renewed coupling of the extended support tube with the second drive and after the extended support tube is screwed deeper into the ground, a seventh display of a seventh condition of the drilling apparatus, wherein further drilling-out and removal of the ground material from the support tube is effected, an eighth display of an eighth condition of the drilling apparatus after screwing-in of the extended support tube, and a ninth display of a ninth condition of the drilling apparatus after drilling-out of the ground material located in the extended support tube.

19. The drilling apparatus according to claim 18, wherein, in the second display, a downward shifted horizontal bar is displayed inside the support tube, which indicates the drilling depth of the drilling tool.

20. The drilling apparatus according to claim 19, wherein, in the second display, the drilling tool is shown with an additional horizontal bar inside the support tube on the monitor.

Description

(1) The invention is described further hereinafter by way of preferred embodiments illustrated schematically in the accompanying drawings, wherein show:

(2) FIG. 1: a schematic side view of a drilling apparatus according to the invention and

(3) FIGS. 2a to 2i: bar displays of a support tube and a bore according to the invention.

(4) According to FIG. 1 a drilling apparatus 10 pursuant to the invention has an undercarriage 12 designed as a crawler-track running gear and an upper carriage 14 supported thereon in a rotatable manner. The undercarriage 12 and the upper carriage 14 form a base structure 15. On the upper carriage 14 the drive units and the operator's stand for the drilling apparatus 10 are arranged in a known manner.

(5) On a front side of the upper carriage 14 a vertical mast 18 with an upper mast head 19 is mounted in an adjustable manner via a kinematic linkage mechanism 16 with neck cylinders. Along a front side of the mast 18 a sledge 20 is guided in a displaceable manner. On the sledge 20 a first drill drive 22 is provided that has a hydraulic motor 24. Moreover, on the sledge 20 a second drive 26 with a sleeve-shaped rotary connection 27 is provided for establishing a torque-proof connection to a support tube 4. The second drive 26 substantially consists of a gear connection to the first drill drive 22 with the hydraulic motor 24 in order to thereby apply a torque to the rotary connection 27 and thus the support tube 4.

(6) The approximately sleeve-shaped first drill drive 22 is penetrated by a drill rod 30 which is designed as a Kelly rod with external drive keys. The drill rod 30 has an upper suspension 32, by which the drill rod 30 is connected to a main rope 39. The main rope 39 is guided via deflection rollers on the mast head 19 to a main winch 38 on the upper side of the upper carriage 14. Through actuation of the main winch 38 the drill rod 30 can be moved vertically.

(7) The sledge 20 is connected to a feed rope 37 which is guided above and below the sledge 20 along the mast 18 and actuated by a feed winch 36. Through the feed winch 36 the sledge 20 can be moved upwards or downwards along a guide of the mast 18.

(8) On an underside of the drill rod 30 a drilling tool 34 for removing ground material is mounted. In the illustrated embodiment according to FIG. 1 the drilling tool 34 is designed as a drilling bucket. The diameter of the drilling tool 34 is designed such that it can be introduced into the inner hollow space of the support tube 4.

(9) With the drilling apparatus 10 a cased bore can be produced in the ground 1. For an efficient production of a cased bore a coordinated introduction of the support tube 4 with the sinking of the bore is necessary. According to FIG. 1 in a first step the support tube 4 is introduced up to a first depth of introduction into the ground 1.

(10) This state is illustrated schematically in FIG. 2a which shows a bar diagram provided according to the invention that can be shown on a monitor to the operator in the drilling apparatus 10. According to the illustration of FIG. 2a an excavation of ground has not yet taken place.

(11) In this way, the tube length of the support tube 4 can be input by the operator on the monitor of a computer unit. For the depth measurement a lower edge of the drilling tool 34 is set to zero on the upper edge of the support tube. In this way, the relation between drilling tool 34 and support tube 4 is logged in the computer unit.

(12) According to FIG. 2b the next step consists in drilling the ground 1 out of the support tube 4 with the drilling tool 34. Through depth measurement carried out with a first sensor means on the main winch 38 the drilling progress can be controlled on the monitor of the computer unit. Both the length of the support tube 4 and the drilling depth D.sub.4 reached are shown graphically on the monitor of the computer unit. The downward shifted horizontal bar inside the support tube 4 in FIG. 2b indicates the drilling depth D.sub.34 of the drilling tool 34. In addition, the drilling tool 34 can be shown with an additional horizontal bar inside the support tube 4 on the monitor in the operator's stand.

(13) By preference, the difference of the support tube length and the drilling depth reached can be additionally displayed on the monitor as a measured value of the position of the drilling tool 34 with respect to the support tube 4. In this way, in addition to the graphic display the driver of the apparatus is provided with a gauge as to whether drilling is being carried out with the drilling tool 34 in a preceding or lagging position with respect to the support tube 4. In certain ground layers this gauge is of vital importance for the ensuing quality of the drilled pile produced.

(14) In a further step according to FIG. 2c the support tube 4 is once again coupled with the second drive 26, which can also be referred to as a rotary drive head, and screwed further into the ground 1.

(15) Recording of the new relation of depth measurement is effected in that the driver of the apparatus carries out a reset with the lower edge of the drilling tool 34 on the upper edge of the support tube 4 or by measuring the depth of introduction reached through the depth measurement on the feed winch 36 by means of a second sensor means. For the measurement of introduction through the depth measurement of the feed winch 36 a specific mode can be present in the computer unit for an input by the driver of the apparatus or an automatic recognition of the coupling of the second drive 26 with the support tube 4 can take place.

(16) After decoupling of the second drive 26 from the support tube 4 a further drilling-out inside the support tube 4 is then effected in accordance with FIG. 2d. This can take place in one or several drilling processes.

(17) In this way, the steps according to FIGS. 2b to 2d can be carried out several times in succession.

(18) According to FIG. 2e an additional support tube element 5 is then attached, whereby an extended support tube 4 is formed. The length of the support tube 4 is determined in the computer unit and displayed graphically according to FIG. 2e.

(19) To this end, the length of the additionally attached support tube element 5 is added to the previously known length of the support tube 4. Recognition of the length of the additionally attached support tube element 5 takes place through the input into the computer unit made by the driver of the apparatus or through automatic recognition of the tube length by an identification system of the support tube 4/support tube elements 5 e.g. by means of an RFID-tag.

(20) To relate the depth measurement once again to the upper edge of the support tube 4 this is set to zero by a reset carried out by the driver of the apparatus with the lower edge of the drilling tool 34 on the upper edge of the support tube 4 or, through automatic correction of the drilling depth reached, the said depth measurement is adjusted by the indicated or detected length of the support tube 4 supplemented with the support tube element 5. As a result, a correction of the depth measurement can take place automatically.

(21) Through renewed coupling of the extended support tube 4 with the second drive 26 the support tube 4 is screwed deeper into the ground 1, as can be gathered from FIG. 2f. Afterwards a further drilling-out and removal of ground material from the support tube 4 is effected in accordance with FIG. 2g. The screwing-in of the extended support tube 4 and the drilling-out of the ground material located therein can also take place in several steps, as can be taken from FIGS. 2h and 2i.

(22) The method illustrated in FIGS. 2a to 2i shows the support tube 4 as being in a preceding position with respect to the bore 2. By way of the graphic display this can be easily controlled by the operator. Accordingly, the bore can also be in a preceding position with respect to the support tube.