Method for actuating a parking brake in a vehicle

Abstract

A method of actuating a parking brake for a vehicle having an electromechanical brake device in a situation whereat driving dynamics state information is not available in the vehicle and whereat a driver operates the parking brake includes producing an electromechanical braking force with a magnitude that is less than a maximum braking force of the parking brake.

Claims

1. A method of actuating a parking brake of a vehicle, comprising: in response to a driver operating a parking brake of a vehicle when driving dynamics state information is not available in the vehicle, producing a braking force having an initial magnitude via an electromechanical brake device of the parking brake that has an electrical brake motor configured to displace a brake piston toward a brake disk, the initial magnitude being less than a maximum braking force magnitude of the parking brake; increasing the braking force from the initial magnitude; and in response to the driver ceasing operation of the parking brake, maintaining the braking force at a first magnitude of the braking force that is less than the maximum braking force magnitude of the electromechanical brake device, wherein the method is performed without reference to an acceleration magnitude of the vehicle.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the increasing of the braking force includes increasing the braking force in stages.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein at least one of the stages of increasing the braking force is maintained for a predetermined period of time and at a predetermined level.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the producing is further in response to a case in which the vehicle is travelling.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the driving dynamics state information not available in the vehicle includes a speed magnitude of the vehicle.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the maintaining of the braking force is carried out in further response to the first magnitude of the braking force being held for a predetermined minimum time period.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the maintaining of the braking force is carried out in further response to the vehicle being at a standstill.

8. A parking brake for a vehicle, comprising: a brake piston; a brake disk; an electrical brake motor configured to displace the brake piston toward the brake disk; and a regulating or control unit configured to actuate the parking brake, the regulating or control unit configured to, without reference to an acceleration magnitude of the vehicle, operate the parking brake to: in response to a driver operating the parking brake when driving dynamics state information is not available in the vehicle, produce a braking force having an initial magnitude that is less than a maximum braking force magnitude of the parking brake; increasing the braking force from the initial magnitude; and in response to the driver ceasing operation of the parking brake, maintaining the braking force at a first magnitude of the braking force that is less than the maximum braking force magnitude of the electromechanical brake device.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is performed when the acceleration magnitude is not available to a regulating or control unit of the vehicle.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein producing the electromechanical force is carried out by the electromechanical brake device and a hydraulic vehicle brake.

11. A method of actuating a parking brake of a vehicle, comprising: in response to a driver operating a parking brake of a vehicle when driving dynamics state information is not available in the vehicle, producing a braking force having an initial magnitude via an electromechanical brake device of the parking brake that has an electrical brake motor configured to displace a brake piston toward a brake disk, the initial magnitude being less than a maximum braking force magnitude of the parking brake; increasing the braking force from the initial magnitude; and in response to the driver ceasing operation of the parking brake, maintaining the braking force at a first magnitude of the braking force that is less than the maximum braking force magnitude of the electromechanical brake device, wherein the method is performed without reference to an acceleration magnitude of the vehicle, and wherein the first magnitude of the braking force is equal to the braking force when the driver ceases operating the parking brake.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Further advantages and advantageous implementations can be found in the claims, the description of the figures and the illustrations. In the figures:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a with a hydraulic vehicle brake with a braking force booster, wherein the wheel brake devices of the vehicle brake on the rear axle of the vehicle are additionally implemented as an electromechanical brake device with an electrical brake motor,

(3) FIG. 2 shows a section through an electromechanical brake device with an electrical brake motor,

(4) FIG. 3 shows a flow chart with the steps of the method for actuating the electromechanical brake device in the absence of speed information.

(5) In the figures, the same components are provided with the same reference characters.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(6) The hydraulic vehicle brake 1 for a vehicle represented in FIG. 1 comprises a front axle brake circuit 2 and a rear axle brake circuit 3 for supplying and actuating wheel brake devices 9 on each wheel of the vehicle with a brake fluid under hydraulic pressure. The two brake circuits 2, 3 are connected to a common master brake cylinder 4 that is supplied with brake fluid by means of a brake fluid reservoir container 5. The master brake cylinder piston within the master brake cylinder 4 is operated by the driver by means of the brake pedal 6, the pedal travel exerted by the driver being measured by means of a pedal travel sensor 7. A braking force booster 10, which for example comprises an electric motor and which preferably operates the master brake cylinder 4 by means of a gearbox (iBooster), is disposed between the brake pedal 6 and the master brake cylinder 4.

(7) The control motion of the brake pedal 6 measured by the pedal travel sensor 7 is transmitted as a sensor signal to a regulation or control unit 11, in which control signals for actuating the braking force booster 10 are produced. Supplying the wheel brake devices 9 with brake fluid is carried out in each brake circuit 2, 3 by means of different switching valves, which in common with further assemblies are part of brake hydraulics 8. The brake hydraulics 8 further comprise a hydraulic pump that is a component of an electronic stability program (ESP).

(8) In FIG. 2 the wheel brake device 9, which is disposed on a wheel on the rear axle of the vehicle, is illustrated in detail. The wheel brake device 9 is part of the hydraulic vehicle brake 1 and is supplied with brake fluid 22 from the rear axle brake circuit. The wheel brake device 9 comprises, moreover, an electromechanical brake device that is preferably used to hold a vehicle at a standstill, but can also be used to brake the vehicle while the vehicle is moving, in particular at low vehicle speeds below a speed threshold value.

(9) The electromechanical brake device comprises a brake caliper 12 with a claw 19 that overlaps a brake disk 20. The brake device comprises a direct current electric motor as a brake motor 13 forming the control element, the rotor shaft of which drives a spindle 14 to rotate, on which a spindle nut 15 is rotatably supported. During rotation of the spindle 14, the spindle nut 15 is displaced axially. The spindle nut 15 moves within a brake piston 16 carrying a brake lining 17 that is pressed against the brake disk 20 by the brake piston 16. On the opposite side of the brake disk 20 there is a further brake lining 18 that is held in a fixed position on the claw 19. The brake piston 16 is sealed flow-tight on the outside thereof against the accommodating housing by means of a sealing ring 23 engaging around the piston.

(10) Within the brake piston 16, the spindle nut 15 can move axially forwards towards the brake disk 20 during the rotation of the spindle 14 or can move axially rearwards until it reaches a stop 21 during an opposite rotation of the spindle 14. To produce a clamping force, the spindle nut 15 acts on the inner end face of the brake piston 16, whereby the brake piston 16, which is axially movably supported in the brake device, is pressed with the brake lining 17 against the facing end face of the brake disk 20.

(11) For the hydraulic braking force, the hydraulic pressure of the brake fluid 22 from the hydraulic vehicle brake 1 acts on the brake piston 16. The hydraulic pressure can also be effectively boosted when the vehicle is at a standstill by operating the electromechanical brake device, so that the total braking force is composed of the component provided by the electric motor and the hydraulic component. While the vehicle is travelling, either only the hydraulic vehicle brake is active or both the hydraulic vehicle brake and also the electromechanical brake device are active or only the electromechanical brake device is active to produce braking force. The control signals for actuating both the adjustable components of the hydraulic vehicle brake 1 and also the electromechanical wheel brake device 9 are produced in the regulation or control unit 11.

(12) FIG. 3 shows a flow chart for actuating the parking brake in the case in which a driving dynamics state variable fails and the driver operates the parking brake manually. First, a check is made in a first step of the method 30 as to whether a driving dynamics state variable, in particular a speed signal, has failed. The failure can concern a sensor, the data transmission from the sensor to the regulation or control unit or a failure in the control unit.

(13) If the query in step 30 shows that there is a corresponding failure of a sensor signal for the driving dynamics state variable, the Yes branch (Y) subsequently advances to the next step of the method 31. Otherwise, there is no failure and the No branch (N) subsequently returns back to the start of the method and the query runs again at regular intervals according to step 30.

(14) In step 31 a check is made as to whether the driver operates the electromechanical brake device by means of an associated button. If this is not the case, the No branch subsequently returns back to the start of the method at step 30. If, however, the query in step 31 reveals that the driver has triggered the electromechanical brake device by the operation of a button, the Yes branch subsequently advances to the next step 32, in which the electromechanical brake device is started by the operation of the brake motor, so that a braking force is produced by means of the brake device in an electromechanical manner.

(15) The electromechanical braking force is increased in several stages starting from an initial level until reaching a final level. The braking force preferably adopts three different levels, wherein the initial level is low enough to avoid locking of the wheels at high coefficients of friction between the vehicle and road. If, however, locking of the wheels should occur at a low friction level despite the relatively low braking force of the electromechanical brake device, generation of the braking force can be stopped manually by the driver no longer operating the associated button.

(16) The initial level of the braking force lies for example at an average deceleration of 1.5 m/s.sup.2. The initial level is maintained for a defined period of time, which is for example 1.5 to 6 seconds.

(17) The average braking force level produces for example a deceleration of the order of magnitude of 2 to 2.5 m/s.sup.2 and can also be provided for a defined period of time, which is either the same length as the period of time of the initial level or may differ therefrom. At the final level, which constitutes the third level stage, the maximum braking force is preferably set that can be produced by the electromechanical brake device at its maximum.

(18) In the following step 33 a query is made as to whether the maximum braking force is maintained for a minimum period of time. If this is the case, it can be assumed that the vehicle is at a standstill and that the driver wants the electromechanical brake device to be used as a parking brake for permanently holding the vehicle. In this case, the Yes branch subsequently advances to the next step 34 and the electromechanical brake device is locked in order to permanently maintain the braking force level that has been reached. Otherwise, the No branch subsequently returns back to step 32 and the step-wise increase of the electromechanical braking force continues.