Abstract
A cutting tool for severing a non-metallic material includes a holding element and a cutting element held on the holding element for cutting contact with the non-metallic material. A boundary region adjoins a holding material region of the holding element and a cutting material region of the cutting element. The precise severing of, for example, bone materials of human or animal origin, is possible in that a deformation resistance against an elastic deformation of the holding material region is greater than a deformation resistance against an elastic deformation of the cutting material region.
Claims
1-16. (canceled)
17. A cutting tool for severing a nonmetallic material, the cutting tool comprising: a holding element; a cutting element held on said holding element, said cutting element being configured for cutting contact with the non-metallic material; and a boundary region adjoining a holding material region of said holding element and a cutting material region of said cutting element, said holding material region having a deformation resistance to an elastic deformation greater than a deformation resistance to an elastic deformation of said cutting material region.
18. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein the deformation resistance of said holding material region and the deformation resistance of said cutting material region are a bending deformation resistance.
19. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein said holding material region consists of a holding material and said cutting material region consists of a cutting material which is different from said holding material.
20. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein a modulus of elasticity of said holding material is greater than a modulus of elasticity of said cutting material.
21. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein said holding material has a material matrix with a matrix ductility and wherein hard material particles are disposed in said material matrix with a particle ductility which is less than the matrix ductility.
22. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein said holding material is a material selected from the group consisting of a ceramic material, a refractory metal, and a mixture thereof.
23. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein said holding element is monolithic.
24. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein said cutting material is a metallic material and a ductility of said cutting material is greater than a ductility of said holding material.
25. The cutting tool according to claim 24, wherein said cutting material is steel.
26. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein said holding material region and said cutting material region are connected to one another by way of material bonding with a joint selected from the group consisting of an adhesive joint, a soldered joint, and a welded joint.
27. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein said holding material region and said cutting material region are connected to one another by way of a beam welded joint.
28. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein said boundary region is formed to extend between two outer edge points of the cutting tool.
29. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein an outer portion of said holding material region is formed with a chamfer or an edge rounding, at least in a section thereof.
30. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein two outer edges of said holding material region are connected by a convex chord.
31. The cutting tool according to claim 17, which further comprises a connecting element for positive connection to a drive element of a drive unit, said connecting element being held on said holding element, with a boundary region being formed between said connecting element and said holding element, and a ductility of a connecting material of said connecting element being greater than a ductility of said holding material.
32. The cutting tool according to claim 31, wherein said connecting material of said connecting element is a metallic material.
33. The cutting tool according to claim 32, wherein said connecting material is a steel.
34. The cutting tool according to claim 31, wherein said holding element and said connecting element are connected to one another by way of material bonding with a joint selected from the group consisting of an adhesive joint, a soldered joint, and a welded joint.
35. The cutting tool according to claim 31, wherein said holding element and said connecting element are connected to one another by way of a beam welded joint.
36. The cutting tool according to claim 17, wherein, in a longitudinal section of the cutting tool, a first surface and a second surface adjoining the first surface are arranged to enclose an inner edge angle of less than 180°.
Description
[0047] Further advantages and expedient features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached figures.
[0048] In the figures:
[0049] FIG. 1: shows a schematic illustration of a cutting tool according to a first embodiment in plan view;
[0050] FIG. 2: shows a schematic illustration of the cutting tool according to FIG. 1 in a side view;
[0051] FIG. 3: shows a schematic illustration of a cutting tool according to a second embodiment in plan view;
[0052] FIG. 4: shows a schematic illustration of a cutting tool according to a third embodiment in plan view;
[0053] FIG. 5: shows a schematic illustration of the cutting tool according to FIG. 4 in a side view;
[0054] FIG. 6: shows a schematic illustration of a cutting tool according to a fourth embodiment in plan view;
[0055] FIG. 7: shows a schematic illustration of the cutting tool according to FIG. 6 in a side view;
[0056] FIG. 8: shows a schematic illustration of a cutting tool according to a fifth embodiment in plan view;
[0057] FIG. 9: shows a schematic illustration of the cutting tool according to FIG. 8 in a side view;
[0058] FIG. 10: shows a schematic illustration of a cutting tool according to a sixth embodiment in plan view; and
[0059] FIG. 11: shows a schematic illustration of the cutting tool according to FIG. 10 in a side view.
[0060] In FIGS. 1 to 11, identical, similar or identically acting elements are designated by identical reference signs and a repeated description of these elements is dispensed with in the following description in order to avoid redundancies.
[0061] FIGS. 1 and 2 show a schematic illustration of a plate-shaped cutting tool 1 according to a first embodiment in plan view and in side view respectively. The cutting tool 1 is in the form of an oscillating saw blade which can be moved in an oscillating manner along the directions 2 at a frequency of, for example, 20,000 strokes per minute. During such an oscillation, a plate-shaped tool bit 3, which consists of a steel, is brought into contact with a nonmetallic material, for example a wood or a bone material. In the process, cutting of the nonmetallic material is performed by means of triangular cutting teeth 4 of the tool bit 3, the number of teeth that can be seen in FIG. 1 being chosen merely by way of example. Here, a corresponding cutting depth or feed can be set by an axial movement parallel to a longitudinal axis 5 of the cutting tool 1 in the direction of the cutting teeth 4. The tool bit 3 is materially connected to a holding plate 6 by a weld seam 7. The weld seam 7, whose extent in the axial direction is substantially less than that of the holding plate 6 and the tool bit 3, thus forms a boundary region, which may also be referred to as a connecting region, between the tool bit 3 and the holding plate 6. As a result, the holding plate 6 can absorb the forces which occur during machining and which may also be referred to as cutting reaction forces. The holding plate 6 is monolithic and consists of a hard metal (cemented carbide) with a modulus of elasticity of 650.Math.10.sup.9 N/m.sup.2; however, other materials are also conceivable and also possible within the scope of the present disclosure. The tool bit 3 is likewise monolithic, being made of a steel having a modulus of elasticity of 210.Math.10.sup.9 N/m.sup.2. Hence, the region 60 of the holding plate 6 which adjoins the weld seam 7 is more resistant to bending than the region 30 of the tool bit 3 which adjoins the weld seam 7. The effect is that the holding plate 7 counteracts a deflection of the cutting element 4 in one of the directions perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 5, for example in the directions 2 or one of the directions which are oriented perpendicularly to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1, and parallel thereto, thus reducing the influence of cutting reaction forces, which can act on the tool bit 3 in the region of the cutting teeth 4, on the position of the tool bit 3 with respect to a fixed reference point located outside the cutting tool 1. The reference point can thus be assigned, for example, to a clamping device for clamping and holding the nonmetallic material. Since the tool bit 3 consists of a steel, the cutting teeth 4 can be produced by stamping with subsequent grinding.
[0062] FIG. 1 shows particularly clearly that the weld seam 7 extends over the entire width of the holding plate 7 and the tool bit 3, is linear and is oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis (some other orientation is also conceivable and also possible, in the case of a different tool bit 3 and/or a different holding plate 6, for example, parallel to the longitudinal axis 5 or inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis 5, that is to say extending obliquely in the latter case). Geometrically speaking, the weld seam 7 can therefore be considered as a connecting line between two points 100 and 110 of corresponding outer edges 500 of the cutting tool 1.
[0063] The holding plate 6 is furthermore connected to a connecting plate 8 by another weld seam 9. The connecting plate 8 is likewise monolithic, being made of a steel having a modulus of elasticity of 210.Math.10.sup.9 N/m.sup.2. Since the connecting plate 8 is made of steel, a concave recess 80 in the connecting plate 8 can be obtained by stamping, wherein the recess 80 is shaped to correspond to a drive shaft (not illustrated) of an electric motor, allowing the cutting tool 1 to be driven by means of the electric motor in order to carry out the oscillating movements in the directions 2. In this way, an electric power tool is made available.
[0064] FIG. 2 shows particularly clearly that the cutting tool 1 has a constant thickness, which may also be referred to as plate thickness, which consequently is the same in terms of magnitude in the region of the tool bit 3, the holding plate 6 and the connecting plate 8.
[0065] FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a plate-shaped cutting tool 1′ according to a second embodiment in plan view and in side view respectively. Cutting tool 1′ is of similar construction to cutting tool 1, wherein, in contrast to cutting tool 1, a connecting plate 8′, which consists of the steel of the connecting plate 8, has a recess 80a with radial projections 800a and an axial plug-in slot 810a, which are shaped to correspond to a drive shaft (not illustrated) of the electric motor, in order to transmit more positive-locking forces to the cutting tool 1′ than recess 80. Furthermore, connecting plate 8′ is longer in the axial direction than the connecting plate 8 of cutting tool 1, increasing the surface contact with a clamping device of an electric power tool drive unit. Furthermore, tool bit 3′ is shorter in the axial direction than tool bit 3, making tool bit 4′ more flexurally rigid. By way of example, the number of cutting teeth 4′ is greater than the number of cutting teeth 4.
[0066] FIGS. 4 and 5 show a schematic illustration of a plate-shaped cutting tool 1″ according to a third embodiment in plan view and in side view respectively. Cutting tool 1″ is of similar construction to cutting tool 1, wherein cutting element 3″, which consists of the steel of cutting element 3, is illustrated without cutting teeth, and a connecting plate 8″, which consists of the steel of connecting plate 8, has a recess 80b with a plug-in slot 800b.
[0067] FIG. 5 shows particularly clearly that the cutting tool 1″ has a constant thickness, which may also be referred to as plate thickness, in the region of the tool bit 3″ and the holding plate 6 which is the same in magnitude in these regions, and has a constant thickness, i.e. plate thickness, in the region of connecting plate 8″ which is greater than the plate thickness in the regions of the tool bit 3″ and the holding plate 6.
[0068] FIGS. 6 and 7 show a schematic illustration of a plate-shaped cutting tool 1′″ according to a fourth embodiment in plan view and in side view respectively. Cutting tool 1′″ is of similar construction to cutting tool 1″, wherein, as can be seen particularly clearly from FIG. 7, a thickness, that is to say plate thickness, of cutting tool 1′″ in the region of a holding plate 6′″, beginning at the weld seam 7 with a thickness which corresponds to the thickness of tool bit 3″, increases continuously until the thickness of the connecting plate 8″ at the weld seam 9 is reached. In this case, holding plate 6′″ consists of the hard metal (cemented carbide) of holding plate 6.
[0069] FIGS. 8 and 9 show a schematic illustration of a plate-shaped cutting tool 1″″ according to a fifth embodiment in plan view and in side view respectively. Cutting tool 1″″ is of similar construction to cutting tool 1′″, wherein, as can be seen particularly clearly from FIG. 8, a holding plate 6″″ has a width which is dimensioned transversely to the longitudinal axis 2 and which becomes continuously smaller from weld seam 9 to weld seam 7; at weld seam 9, the width corresponds to a similarly dimensioned width of the connecting plate 8″. Accordingly, the cutting tool 1″″ has a taper, specifically in the region of the holding plate 6″″. At weld seam 7, the width of the holding plate 6″″ corresponds to the distance between points 100″″ and 110″″ of corresponding outer edges of the cutting tool 1″″. In this case, holding plate 6″″ consists of the hard metal (cemented carbide) of holding plate 6.
[0070] FIGS. 10 and 11 show a schematic illustration of a plate-shaped cutting tool 1′″″ according to a sixth embodiment in plan view and in side view respectively. Cutting tool 1′″″ is of similar construction to cutting tool 1′, wherein, as can be seen particularly clearly from FIG. 11, a connecting plate 8′″″, which consists of the steel of connecting plate 8, two mutually adjacent surfaces 1000 and 1100, which can be seen in profile in the side view according to FIG. 11 analogously to a corresponding longitudinal section, form an inner edge angle of 135°. Thus, cutting tool 1′″″ is cranked in such a way in the region of the connecting plate 8′″″ that a clearance 1200 (visible in FIG. 11) is obtained transversely to the longitudinal axis 5 in the region of the connecting plate 8′″″, as compared with cutting tool 1 for example, enabling the clearance 1200 to be used to provide additional assembly space for connection to an electric motor of a drive unit or the like, it being possible, while remaining within the clearance 1200, for a tool bit 3′″″ simultaneously to make contact with a base or the like parallel to its areal extent (visible in FIG. 10). A transition from surface 1000 to surface 1100 or vice versa is indicated in FIG. 10 by a dashed line 1300, which extends parallel to a transverse axis. Connecting plate 8′″″ has a radially closed recess 80c with projections 800c for positive connection to a shaft of an electric motor.
[0071] Tool bit 3′″″, which consists of the steel of tool bit 3, is longer than tool bit 3′ in order to obtain axial machining space for severing the nonmetallic material.
