CONSTRUCTIVE ASSEMBLY

Abstract

The present invention relates to a constructive assembly which allows constructing walls that are not necessarily vertical, allows including ventilated regions, and does not require the use of mortar or adhesives. The resulting construction has a high finish quality and this quality does not depend on the skill of the operator in charge of constructing same. This invention is characterized by the combination of rigid profiles distributed in parallel and blocks configured to be readily inserted between the profiles and attached thereto without requiring additional fixing elements.

Claims

1. A constructive assembly, comprising: a plurality of guide profiles configured in the form of a rigid rod extending along a first longitudinal direction; a plurality of blocks, wherein: the blocks have an elongated configuration extending along a second longitudinal direction, the blocks comprise a first supporting base and a second supporting base parallel to the first supporting base, wherein both supporting bases are in turn parallel to the second longitudinal direction, the blocks comprise at each end according to the second longitudinal direction a cavity located between two fixing flanges, wherein the cavity is intended for receiving a guide profile of the plurality of guide profiles such that said guide profile limits the movement thereof according to a direction transverse to the second longitudinal direction and parallel to any of the supporting bases; wherein the plurality of guide profiles are fixed and distributed such that they are parallel to and spaced from one another; the plurality of blocks are distributed such that they are stacked between two of the guide profiles of the plurality of guide profiles, wherein for each block of the plurality of blocks a guide profile of the plurality of guide profiles is housed at least partially in the cavity of one end of the block and another guide profile of the plurality of guide profiles is housed at least partially in the cavity of the opposite end of the block, and each block is secured to the two guide profiles maintaining a sliding attachment according to the longitudinal direction of the guide profile; characterized in that the blocks located on either side of one and the same guide profile have overlapping fixing flanges, giving rise to gaps in the constructive assembly wherein blocks comprising overlapping fixing flanges are configured such that: blocks located on either side of one and the same guide profile comprises fixing flanges that have a size such that each fixing flange of a block at one side of the guide profile reaches a fixing flange of a block of the adjacent stack, that is, a block located at the other side of the guide profile and, the lower base of a block does not rest on the block located immediately therebelow but rather on the fixing flanges of the blocks of the adjacent stacks.

2. The constructive assembly according to claim 1, wherein the guide profiles are attached at one end to a lower base.

3. The constructive assembly according to claim 1, wherein the guide profiles are attached at one end to an upper base.

4. The constructive assembly according to claim 2, wherein the attachment in the lower base is by means of a plate configured with fixing elements previously positioned to define the correct distance between the guide profiles.

5. The constructive assembly according to claim 1, wherein the guide profiles comprise one or more fixing means for the attachment of the constructive assembly to a wall or a pre-existing structure, said fixing means being preferably one or more angle plates.

6. The constructive assembly according to claim 1, comprising blocks for finishing an end of the stack wherein the cavity is only limited on one side by a fixing flange to allow insertion according to the transverse direction.

7. The constructive assembly according to claim 1, wherein the guide profile has a circular section.

8. The constructive assembly according to claim 1, wherein the guide profiles are oriented vertically where the stack of blocks rests on the lower base.

9. The constructive assembly according to claim 1, wherein the guide profiles are oriented horizontally.

10. (canceled)

11. The constructive assembly according to claim 1, wherein the blocks located on either side of one and the same guide profile do not have any overlapping, such that said guide profile is housed partially in one of the cavities of the block or blocks located on one side of the guide profile, and the same guide profile is housed partially in one of the cavities of the contiguously arranged block.

12. The constructive assembly according to claim 1, wherein the blocks attached to a guide profile form a corner.

13. The assembly according to claim 12, wherein the corner is 90° and the blocks attached to the guide profile are finishing blocks having a cavity for at least partially housing the guide profile on a side according to the second longitudinal direction.

14. The assembly according to claim 1, wherein at least one guide profile is configured by the attachment of two or more longitudinal profiles arranged consecutively according to the first longitudinal direction.

15. The assembly according to claim 14, wherein at least one longitudinal profile has at one end a segment of smaller dimensions, configured for being housed at the end of the longitudinal segment to which it is attached.

16. A method for mounting a constructive assembly according to claim 1, the method comprising the following steps: a) positioning at least two guide profiles, distributed such that they are parallel according to their longitudinal direction, and spaced from one another, b) placing a block in an oblique position in respect to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and being said block between the at least two guide profiles, c) turning the block such that the two cavities of the block receive a corresponding guide profile of the at least two guide profiles, d) repeating steps b) and c) with additional blocks placing the additional blocks in a stacked manner.

17. The method for mounting a constructive assembly according to claim 16 wherein step c) further comprises fixing the block to the two guide profiles.

18. The method for mounting a constructive assembly according to claim 16 wherein steps b) to d) are repeated to obtain a wall.

19. (canceled)

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] These and other features and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood based on the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment given only by way of illustrative and non-limiting example in reference to the attached drawings.

[0054] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention with various options, this example being shown in a front view in the upper part of the figure and in a plan view in the lower part of the figure.

[0055] FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a block.

[0056] FIG. 3 shows in the upper part an front view of a portion of a wall according to an embodiment of the invention, in which a wall area without gaps and a wall area with gaps are combined, the latter being in the upper part. The plan view of the same example according to the first area without gaps is shown in the lower part of the figure.

[0057] FIGS. 4A-4E show embodiments of the blocks for the construction of the main area of a wall and finishing blocks or parts.

[0058] FIGS. 5A and 5B show the plan view of two embodiments of blocks with a specific support configuration according to two side bands together with the guide profiles with which attachment is established.

[0059] FIGS. 6 and 7 show the profile view of two embodiments, with the wall being free-standing in FIG. 6 and with the wall being fixed to a pre-existing structure or wall in FIG. 7.

[0060] FIG. 8 shows an embodiment for completing the wall in a corner.

[0061] FIG. 9 shows several ways for linking walls formed according to embodiments where the walls converge at a certain point, either at an intermediate point or at an end of another wall.

[0062] FIGS. 10A and 10B show the plan view of a wall in which the guide profiles are distributed in a fractionated line or open polygon and in a closed polygon, resulting in a column, respectively.

[0063] FIG. 11 shows a perspective view in which the blocks are shown as transparent in order to demonstrate the arrangement thereof when the guide profiles are positioned in a parallel and horizontal manner.

DETAILED DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0064] According to the first inventive aspect, the present invention relates to a constructive assembly.

[0065] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a constructive assembly formed by the combination of rigid guide profiles (1) and a plurality of blocks (2) which are fixed after construction to the guide profiles (1). This embodiment shows several specific solutions combined with one another to show the scope of the invention; nevertheless, each of the specific solutions can be applied independently.

[0066] FIG. 1 shows the front view of the constructive assembly in the upper part and the plan view of the same constructive assembly in the lower part.

[0067] Specifically, the constructive assembly starts from a lower base (3) which, in this embodiment, is configured from a metal plate, on which there have been distributed along a straight line fixing elements (3.1) configured for fixing the lower end of each of the guide profiles (1). In this specific case, the fixing elements (3.1) are parts which are housed inside the guide profile (1).

[0068] Therefore, the lower base (3) together with the fixing elements (3.1) can be factory-made, determining the exact distance between guide profiles (1) to prevent the need to measure the exact position of each guide profile (1) on site.

[0069] Once the base (3) is positioned on site, the guide profiles (1) are attached to each fixing element (3.1), for example by welding or simply by inserting the profiles in housings provided for this purpose, these profiles being parallel and vertical according to the direction of gravity. In this embodiment, vertical direction is the first longitudinal direction X-X′.

[0070] Following the order of construction, the next step is that of situating the blocks (2) so that each of them is fixed between two guide profiles (1).

[0071] The configuration of a block (2) can be observed in the front view, and particularly in the plan view of the lower part of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 shows another embodiment that is simpler than the block used in FIG. 1.

[0072] The block (2) shown in FIG. 2 is a block (2) having an essentially planar configuration limited by a first supporting base (2.1) located in the lower part and a second supporting base (2.2) located in the upper part and parallel to the first supporting base (2.1). In this embodiment, both supporting bases are configured as a planar surface and extend along the entire upper and lower areas of the block (2).

[0073] The block (2) is elongated defining a second longitudinal direction Y-Y′ such that the block has a first end and a second end opposite the first end according to the second longitudinal direction Y-Y′. At each of the ends, the block (2) shows a cavity (2.3) located between two fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5).

[0074] The cavity (2.3) is configured for housing part of the guide profile (1) when it is in its final position. The plan view of the lower part of FIG. 1 allows observing four guide profiles (1).

[0075] Three guide profiles (1) have a size such that they allow the fixing of two blocks (2), i.e., the two blocks (2) that are located on either side, given that the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) of each block (2) surround or hold only half of the guide profile (1), with the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) of the other profile being those which surround or hold only the other half of the guide profile (1).

[0076] This figure shows another guide profile (1) with half the width of the other guide profiles (1) as it is housed in the cavity (2.3) of a block (2) but adjacent to a finishing block (6) lacking the cavity (2.3). These finishing blocks (6) will be described in more detail using other drawings below.

[0077] It is observed in the same figure that unlike the blocks shown in FIG. 2, the blocks (2) used in this embodiment have a first supporting base (2.1) and a second supporting base (2.2) limited to two planar side bands located at the side ends of the block (2).

[0078] This same FIG. 1 shows a third direction, the transverse direction Z-Z′ with respect to the second longitudinal direction Y-Y′. Therefore, the two planar side bands of the first supporting base (2.1) and the second supporting base (2.2) are located at end positions according to the transverse direction Z-Z′.

[0079] The central region of the block according to the transverse direction Z-Z′ both in the first supporting base (2.1) and in the second supporting base (2.2) is sunken, that is, the block (2) has a smaller thickness in its central portion according to the transverse direction Z-Z′, showing respective transition bands between the central portion and the end bands in which the supporting bases (2.1, 2.2) are located. As a result, the transition bands are shown as two lines that are parallel to each side of the second longitudinal direction Y-Y′.

[0080] This same FIG. 1 also shows in the right upper part the way of situating a block (2). Once located between two guide profiles (1), removal of the block (2) is prevented according to the transverse direction Z-Z′ given that the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) located on both sides of the cavity (2.3) prevent the removal thereof by abutting against the guide profile (1).

[0081] To introduce the block (2), it is first tilted such that the projection according to direction X-X′ has a reduced length and allows placement until it is located between two guide profiles (1). By turning the block (2) again so that its second longitudinal direction Y-Y′ is perpendicular to the first longitudinal direction X-X′ defined by the guide profiles (1), respective guide profiles (1) are housed in either cavity (2.3) of the block (2), respectively.

[0082] This way of situating the blocks (2) gives rise to a stack in which each block (2) prevents the removal of the block (2) or blocks (2) already situated in place.

[0083] When the wall is vertical, the action of gravity stabilizes the construction and the blocks do not require additional fixing elements.

[0084] FIG. 3 shows another embodiment in which the wall is also vertical. Nevertheless, in addition to the lower base (3) with its fixing elements (3.1), there is an upper base (4) which also has fixing elements (4.1) which allow joining the opposite end of each guide profile (1), assuring the parallelism of the guide profiles (1) and the stability of the construction to a greater extent.

[0085] FIG. 3 shows in the lower part the plan view of the first blocks (2), wherein each guide profile (1) establishes the fixing of the blocks (2) located on either side such that it is housed partially in the cavities (2.3) of the two blocks (2) and the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) encompass half the guide profile (1). With this configuration, the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) of one block (2) do not overlap with the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) of the block (2) located on the other side of the guide profile (1).

[0086] Above these blocks (2), a different configuration shown only in the front view has been used.

[0087] The blocks (2) used after a certain height have fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) of greater length such that the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) of one block (2) overlap with the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) of the block (2) located on the other side of the same guide profile (1). As a result, the support between consecutively stacked blocks (2) is mainly established in the overlapping between fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5), and ventilation gaps are established between blocks (2) stacked between two guide profiles (1).

[0088] FIGS. 4A to 4E show different configurations of blocks (2) and finishing blocks (6). In particular, the blocks shown in FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4D are blocks (2) comprising at each end a cavity (2.3) located between fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5). In FIG. 4B, the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) have a dimension according to the second longitudinal direction Y-Y′ equal to half the width of the guide profile (1), giving rise to constructions without overlapping between fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) of blocks (2) that are joined to the same guide profile (1). FIG. 4A shows a configuration of its fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) in which those shown on the left, at one end of the block (2), have a dimension smaller than the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) located at the opposite end such that in the construction a transition is established between blocks (2) that do not generate gaps as there is no overlapping between fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) and blocks (2) that do generate gaps as there is overlapping.

[0089] In the block (2) shown in FIG. 4D, all the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) have larger dimensions to give rise to overlapping.

[0090] The block shown in FIG. 4C is a block identified as a finishing block (6). In FIG. 3 in which there is an upper base (4), there is a space limited in the upper portion thereof for introducing a block (2) in an oblique position to then be positioned in its final position, being fixed between two guide profiles (1). For this region and according to an embodiment, finishing blocks (6) in which one or more fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) have been eliminated such that they allow insertion without having to position the block in an oblique position are used.

[0091] In this case, the side of the finishing block (6) which is shown on the left and has two fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) is the first to be introduced, said finishing block (6) with its two supporting bases (2.1, 2.2) remaining perpendicular to the first longitudinal direction. Therefore, the guide profile (1) of this end is housed in the cavity (2.3) located between the two fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5), where the opposite end of the finishing block (6) may be arranged outside the main plane formed by the plurality of blocks (2). The following movement is that of moving the only fixing flange (2.5) found at the opposite end closer to its guide profile (1) as there is no other fixing flange (2.4) at this same end.

[0092] FIG. 4E shows another embodiment in which either end of the finishing block (6) has a single fixing flange (2.4, 2.5) positioned on the side of the visible face of the construction according to the transverse direction Z-Z′. This finishing block (6) allows front insertion according to the transverse direction Z-Z′ without turning any of the finishing block (6). The weight or force between consecutive blocks (2, 6) and the friction therebetween establish the required retention of the resulting construction and particularly of these finishing blocks (6).

[0093] FIGS. 5A and 5B show a configuration corresponding to what is described in FIGS. 4B and 4D, respectively, only that the first supporting base (2.1) and the second supporting base (2.2) are configured in the form of two side bands leaving the central region extending according to the second longitudinal direction Y-Y′ with a smaller thickness. These are the configurations of blocks used in FIGS. 1 and 3 in which the weight of the stack is transmitted between consecutive blocks through these supporting bases (2.1, 2.2) thus configured in two bands.

[0094] FIG. 6 shows a profile view of an embodiment in which the lower base (3) is a cement foundation constructed directly on the ground, leaving the guide profiles (1) embedded in their final position. Once the lower base (3) has set, the blocks (2) are consecutively stacked giving rise to a free-standing wall.

[0095] FIG. 7 shows a similar construction for the enclosure of a construction, for example a building having several floors. Each of the floors has a precast floor slab ending in a cantilever (P) to which the construction is secured according to an embodiment of the invention. According to another embodiment, the construction is fixed to a wall (P) to be concealed or decorated.

[0096] According to this embodiment, a first segment is constructed on the lower base (3) by stacking blocks (2) that are attached to the guide profiles (1) according to any of the described embodiments, for example with or without gaps.

[0097] At a certain height, at least one guide profile (1) is attached to the cantilever (P) or wall through an angle plate (5) assuring stability against wind loads, for example. In one embodiment, the angle plate is attached to the guide profile (1) through a plate which is located between the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) of the blocks (2) attached to the same guide profile (1). According to another embodiment, the angle plate is attached to the guide profile (1) at a point in which there is located a finishing block (6) without a fixing flange (2.4) leaving access from the inner face of the wall or construction to the guide profile (1) in which the angle plate (5) is fixed. The other end of the angle plate (5) is fixed to the cantilever (P) or wall.

[0098] According to another embodiment applicable to any of the described embodiments, at least one guide profile (1) is formed by the attachment of a plurality of longitudinal segments. The aligned attachment of these profile segments can be easily carried out using profiles comprising at least one segment of smaller dimensions and allowing the consecutive insertion of one after another, which furthermore allows assuring the verticality of the resulting guide profile (1).

[0099] FIG. 8 shows an embodiment for terminating a wall constructed using blocks (2) in the intermediate segment thereof and with a finishing block (6) comprising a side slot. In this specific case, the finishing block can be inserted without positioning it in an oblique manner since the placement of the guide profile (1) located at the end of the construction is established by moving the finishing block (6) according to the transverse direction Z-Z′. According to this embodiment, they have a smooth finish both on the face of the constructed wall seen in the top part of the figure and on the right side.

[0100] FIG. 9 shows the versatility of the invention wherein the solutions described for connecting different walls constructed according to the invention and converging at one and the same point can be combined. A corner wall termination using the solution shown in FIG. 8 is used on the left so as to extend, with the same guide profile (1), the wall shown in the top part also terminating in the same manner, with a finishing block (6) which allows extending downwards into another wall.

[0101] From the resulting right wall there in turn emerge two walls configured according to examples of the invention, wherein the cavities (2.3) of the free end, in this case the left end considering the orientation of the figure, is concealed as it is in contact with the transverse wall.

[0102] FIG. 10A shows an embodiment in which the guide profiles (1) have a configuration of circular section, allowing the blocks (2) converging in said guide profile (1) to be able to show an angle instead of a straight directrix line. In this embodiment, the resulting construction follows a fractionated directrix and uses blocks (2), wherein the fixing flanges (2.4, 2.5) overlap leaving gaps.

[0103] FIG. 10B is a specific example of the example shown in FIG. 10B wherein the fractionated line is closed. The result is a column having a hexagonal section.

[0104] FIG. 11 is another embodiment in which the guide profiles (1) are positioned horizontally with respect to gravity. In this embodiment, five guide profiles are contained in a vertical plane and a sixth guide profile (1) is at 90 degrees with respect to the other five guide profiles (1).

[0105] In this particular case, the construction is carried out in the same manner wherein the blocks (2) are now in their final position with the first supporting base (2.1) and the second supporting base (2.2) contained in a vertical plane.

[0106] Each block (2) is situated by placing it obliquely with respect to the vertical plane to then bring the block (2) to its final position considering the capacity of the guide profiles (1) to allow sliding according to direction X-X′ which is horizontal in this case.

[0107] In this embodiment, the weight of each block (2) rests on one of the guide profiles (1) or the two guide profiles (1) to which it is connected by means of the cavity (2.3) housing same. That is, in this embodiment the stack is horizontal and the weight of each block (2) does not contribute to the contacting blocks being retained by friction.

[0108] According to this configuration, the bases previously identified as lower base (3) and upper base (4) are now arranged parallel to vertical planes and limit on either side blocks (2) located in their final position. This same vertical plane intersects with the guide profiles (1) giving rise to a fractionated line. In this embodiment, the fractionated line is formed by four aligned segments and with a fraction at 90° degrees in the upper part thereof.