Cylinder Head For a Spark-Ignition Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine

Abstract

A cylinder head, for an applied-ignition reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine, includes a prechamber ignition system. The prechamber ignition system has a cavity in which an ignition device is arrangeable. The cavity is covered with respect to a combustion space of the reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine with a cover. The cover has at least two apertures which connect the cavity and the combustion space to one another in a gas-conducting fashion. The cavity is divided into a first ignition chamber and a second ignition chamber by a partition, and each ignition chamber is assigned an aperture.

Claims

1.-6. (canceled)

7. A cylinder head for an applied-ignition reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine, comprising: a prechamber ignition system with a cavity in which an ignition device is arrangeable, wherein the cavity is covered with respect to a combustion space of the reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine with a cover, wherein the cover has at least two apertures which connect the cavity and the combustion space to one another in a gas-conducting fashion, the cavity is divided into a first ignition chamber and a second ignition chamber by a partition, and each ignition chamber is assigned an aperture.

8. The prechamber ignition system according to claim 7, wherein the partition has an opening that connects the first ignition chamber and the second ignition chamber to one another in the gas-conducting fashion.

9. The prechamber ignition system according to claim 8, wherein the first ignition chamber has a larger volume than the second ignition chamber.

10. The prechamber ignition system according to claim 9, wherein each ignition chamber is assigned an ignition device.

11. The prechamber ignition system according to claim 10, wherein the first and the second ignition chamber are assigned a different numbers of apertures.

12. The prechamber ignition system according to claim 11, wherein the first and/or the second ignition chamber are actively scavenged with fuel, with a fuel/air mixture, or with air.

Description

BRIEF DISCLOSURE OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a prechamber ignition system;

[0022] FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the prechamber ignition system;

[0023] FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of the prechamber ignition system;

[0024] FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of the prechamber ignition system;

[0025] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of the prechamber ignition system; and

[0026] FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of the prechamber ignition system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Below, for the sake of clarity, only FIG. 1 is fully numbered, with additional numbering provided in FIG. 2. However, for FIGS. 1 to 6, the same reference numbering applies to identical components even where they are not numbered.

[0028] It is pointed out at the outset that the embodiment of the prechamber ignition system 1 can be used both for passive prechamber ignition systems 1, as illustrated in some cases here, and for active prechamber ignition systems 1, with active introduction of fuel, of fuel/air mixture or of air into the cavity of the prechamber ignition system 1. The introduction of fuel into an ignition chamber 6, 7 is not illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6.

[0029] FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a prechamber ignition system 1. The prechamber ignition system 1 is provided for a cylinder head for an applied-ignition reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine (not illustrated). The prechamber ignition system 1 may for example be formed directly in the cylinder head of the reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine, or, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6, the prechamber ignition system 1 may also be configured as a separate component that can be installed into the cylinder head of the reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine.

[0030] The prechamber ignition system 1 has a cavity in which at least one ignition device, for example an ignition plug, can be arranged. The ignition device is illustrated schematically by an ignition star. The cavity of the prechamber ignition system 1 is covered with respect to a combustion space 3 of the reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine by means of a cover 2. Here, the cover 2 has at least two apertures 4 that connect the cavity and the combustion space 3 to one another in gas-conducting fashion. During the operation of the reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine, an ignition takes place in the cavity of the prechamber ignition system 1 and ignites a fuel-air mixture in the cavity. An ignition flame or an ignition jet subsequently passes over through the apertures 4 into the combustion space 3 and ignites a fuel-air mixture situated in the combustion space 3.

[0031] The cavity is divided by a partition 5 into a first ignition chamber 6 and a second ignition chamber 7, with each ignition chamber 6, 7 being assigned at least one aperture 4.

[0032] For all embodiment variants, the number of apertures 4 may also be considerably higher than in the exemplary embodiments illustrated. The size and shape of the apertures 4 may also vary.

[0033] FIG. 1 thus illustrates a single-chamber operating mode, which is suitable in particular for low rotational speeds and low load states of the reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine. Here, the second ignition chamber 7 is preferably operated with an active introduction of fuel into the second ignition chamber 7. The main combustion in the combustion space 3 then ignites the fuel-air mixture in the second ignition chamber 7 after a time delay, whereby the untreated emissions of the reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine can be yet further considerably reduced.

[0034] FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the prechamber ignition system 1. In this exemplary embodiment, the partition 5 has an opening 8. This means that, during the operation of the reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine, the ignition spark firstly ignites the first ignition chamber 6, the ignition spark subsequently jumps over to the second ignition chamber 7, and the ignition jets from both ignition chambers 6, 7 subsequently pass over from the cavity into the combustion space 3. In this case, the second ignition chamber 7 is operated passively, that is to say without an introduction of fuel into the second ignition chamber 7. In further exemplary embodiments, it is also possible for a greater number of openings 8 to be provided. The same also applies to FIG. 5.

[0035] FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the prechamber ignition system 1. In this exemplary embodiment, the first ignition chamber 6 has a greater volume than the second ignition chamber 7. Extensive adaptation to the operating state of the reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine is thus possible both at part load and at full load, or at low rotational speeds or high rotational speeds. The second ignition chamber 7 is again preferably actively operated.

[0036] FIG. 4 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of the prechamber ignition system 1. In this fourth exemplary embodiment, a respective dedicated ignition device is provided both in the first ignition chamber 6 and in the second ignition chamber 7. With this refinement, it is possible for each ignition chamber to be individually adapted to the operating conditions of the reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine. A so-called double ignition is implemented.

[0037] FIG. 5 shows a fifth exemplary embodiment of the ignition device 1. In this fifth exemplary embodiment, too, a respective dedicated ignition device is provided for each of the first ignition chamber 6 and the second ignition chamber 7, wherein, furthermore, the partition has at least one opening 8. A divided ignition prechamber with apertures is thus implemented.

[0038] FIG. 6 shows a sixth exemplary embodiment of a prechamber ignition system 1. With this sixth exemplary embodiment, as in the third exemplary embodiment, a divided prechamber ignition system 1 is provided, with the first volume of the first ignition chamber 6 and the second volume of the second ignition chamber 7 being of different sizes. Furthermore, in this sixth exemplary embodiment, the first ignition chamber 6 is assigned at least two apertures 4, whereas the second ignition chamber 7 is assigned at least one aperture 4 in the cover 2. A divided, asymmetrical prechamber is thus implemented.

[0039] Six different exemplary embodiments of divided prechamber ignition systems 1 have thus been presented. The division may be implemented symmetrically (equal partial volumes), asymmetrically (partial volumes of different sizes) and/or with openings 8 in the partition 5. Different variants are also possible with regard to the ignition sources: either ignition is always performed in the first and in the second ignition chamber 6, 7 (by means of two ignition sources, by way of cross-ignition through the opening 8 in the partition 5, or by way of an applicable sparkover (post-ignition in one ignition chamber as a result of the combustion in the combustion space 3), or, at part load, ignition is performed only in one ignition chamber.

LIST OF REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS

[0040] 1. Prechamber ignition system [0041] 2. Cover [0042] 3. Combustion space [0043] 4. Aperture [0044] 5. Partition [0045] 6. First ignition chamber [0046] 7. Second ignition chamber [0047] 8. Opening