IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN SETS OF STRUCTURAL PARTS FOR COMPOSITION OF ARCHITECTURAL DIDACTIC MATERIALS

Abstract

Sets of structural parts (CPE) designed for the composition of Architectural didactic models (MD) for learning or research carried out by students, teachers, engineers, architects or anyone else interested in the subject; (CPE) comprise structural elements vertical and transverse sections (40) forming the pillars and beams and formed by springs (41) and (42) are cylindrical and helical, the traction and compression of which deformations (d1) or displacements (d2) of the structures (MD); (ii) metal cables (50) which comprises bracing and struts; (iii) plates (60) simulating slabs, walls and coverings made of plastic for horizontal locking, vertical and inclined between the elements (40) and (50) so as to simulate slabs, walls and roofs of a building; and (iv) groupings of links (AG), also, formed by labeled bonds (70) comprising balls metallic (71) for receiving the magnets (IM) of the elements (40) and (50) or other magnets (IM) of other structural parts (CPE) and rigid connections (90) configured by trapezoidal-shaped parts (91) where in at least that in three flat faces 91a, 91b and 91c are provided housings (r1) for magnet assembly (IM); the assembly of the parts CPE 30, 40, 50, 60 and (70) and inclusion of the base connection pieces (80), rigid links (90) and links (100) comprises a kit (10) mounted in a compact housing (20) with a hinged lid (21) which includes an instruction manual (T1) where possible structures obtained with the arrangement of the parts Structural Funds (FPC).

Claims

1. Sets of structural parts (CPE) for composition of architectural didactic material, the sets of structural parts (CPE) idealized for the composition of architectural mockups (MD) for learning or research performed by students, teachers, engineers, architects or any person interested in the subject; each structural part (CPE) of the kit (10) has equivalence with the conventional parts used in civil construction for the approximate obtainment of the behavior of a real structure and the expected deformations (d1) or displacements (d2), such as displaceable frame, non-displaceable frame, hypostatic structure, isostatic structure, hyperstatic structure, among others; among the structural parts (CPE) is the metal plate (30) in different shapes, which simulates the ground where the structure will be built, enabling the connection of the base connections for the composition of the mockup (MD) through the interconnection means (M1), particularly formed by the magnetism between cylindrical magnets (IM) housed in recesses (r1) or other suitable locations of the parts (CPE); said parts (CPE) consist of vertical and cross-sectional structural elements (40) that make up pillars and beams and are formed by helical and cylindrical metal springs (41) whose visible deformations make up the deformations (d1) or displacements (d2) of the structures (MD); ii) metal cables (50) that make up the bracings and tie rods; iii) plates (60) that simulate slabs, walls and roofs made in plastic for the horizontal, vertical or inclined locking between the elements (40) and (50) to simulate the slabs, walls and roofs of a construction; and iv) groups of connections (AG), also made up of labeled connections (70) that consist of hollow or solid metal balls (71) to receive the magnets (IM) of the elements (40) and (50) or other magnets (IM) of other structural parts (CPE) and rigid connections (90) formed by trapezoidal parts (91) where at least three flat sides (91a), (91b) and (91c) have housings (r1) for mounting the magnets (IM); characterized by the group of parts (CPE) (30), (40), (50), (60) and (70) and the inclusion of parts of the base connections (80), rigid connections (90) and continuous connections (100) make up a kit (10) mounted in a compact rectangular box (20) with hinged lid (21) that includes an instruction manual (T1) containing illustrations of possible structures obtained with the arrangement of the structural parts (CPE); the vertical and cross-sectional structural elements (40) made up of springs (41) can be constituted by units of adjustable bars (42) idealized to enable the length adjustment or reduction (x)/(x1) for the compositions of variations of lengths (c) or heights (t) of beams (VG) or columns (CL) during the mounting of the architectural mockups (MD), where the said units of adjustable bars (42) consist of a pair of segments of metal springs (42a) and (42b) of the helical type with pitches (p) of coils (ES) sized for threading between the segments of springs (42a)/(42b) during the adjustment of the adjustable bar (42). Each segment of spring (42a)/(42b) has a coupling means (MG) made of deformities (DO made on one of the free ends (42c) and (42d) of the segments of springs (42a)/(42b), while the opposite ends (42e) and (420 receive units of magnets (IM) idealized to join the other elements for the composition of the architectural mockups (MD).

2. The sets of structural parts for composition of architectural didactic material, according to claim 1, characterized by extension adjustment or reduction (x)/(x1) of the adjustable bar (42) consists of the coupling between the deformed ends (42c) and (42d) and longitudinal threading or unthreading of the pitches (p) between the segments of springs (42a)/(42b) until the bar (42) reaches the desired length (c) or height (t); each individual segment of spring (42a) and (42b) may have identical (c) or different (c1) lengths between them.

3. The sets of structural parts for composition of architectural didactic material, according to claim 1 and in a first constructive version, characterized by the adjustable bar (42) consisting of segments of springs (42a) and (42b) with circular section that fit through the deformed ends (42c) and (42d) to thread them together, intercalating respective coils (ES), with said deformed ends (42c)/(42d) corresponding and identical to one another, preferably constituted by parts (tr1)/(tr2) formed by diameter reductions (d1) and increased pitches (p1) in relation to the pitches (p) of the non-deformed parts that constitute the segments of springs (42a)/(42b); Said parts (42c)/(42d) of both segment of spring (42a)/(42b) fit together to form the concentricity between the parts.

4. The sets of structural parts for composition of architectural didactic material, according to claim 1 and in a second constructive version, characterized by the adjustable bar (43) consisting of segments of springs (43a)/(43b) of circular section with one of the free ends coupled together for threading between the coils (ES), and said ends are formed by extensions (43c)/(43d) of the farthest coil (es1) with hook shape.

5. The sets of structural parts for composition of architectural didactic material, according to claim 1 and in a third constructive version, characterized by the adjustable bar (44) consisting of segments of springs (44a)/(44b) with one of the ends formed by extended and straight parts (44c)/(44d), which in turn are coated with a tubular cover (45) with a diameter (d2) that is reduced in relation to the diameter (d) of the coils (ES); said cover (45) is made of resilient material, such as rubber, which in turn constitutes a guide (G) during threading of the segments of springs (44a)/(44b) to maintain the concentricity of the springs after threading during the reduction (x1) or extension (x).

6. The sets of structural parts for composition of architectural didactic material, according to claim 1 and in a fourth constructive version, characterized by the adjustable bar (46) consisting of a pair of segments of springs (46a) and (46b) that fit together through one of their ends (46c)/(46d), allowing them to be threaded together, intercalating their coils (ES); the segment of spring (46a) receives a flexible hose (47) embedded along its length, made of resilient material like rubber or similar, of which the diameter (d3) is reduced in relation to the diameter (d) of the coils (ES); said flexible hose (47) constitutes the guide (G), with the purpose of keeping the springs (46a)/(46b) concentric after being threaded during reduction (x1) or extension (x); the free end (46d) of the segment of spring (46b) is deformed with a short bend on the wire, towards the axis (e1) of the spring (46b) constituting a shield (At) for the flexible hose (47) to prevent its displacement.

7. The sets of structural parts for composition of architectural didactic material, according to claim 1 and in a preferential constructive version, characterized by plates (60) with recesses made on the lower side (61) where there are grooves (63) with X shape, and the free ends end on the sides of the chamfered edges (64).

8. The sets of structural parts for composition of architectural didactic material, according to claim 1, characterized by each base connection (80) consisting of a discoid plate (81) of short height and peripheral wall (82) equipped with multiple longitudinal recesses (82a), while the lower side (83) is recessed and has four ring areas (83a) interconnected by cross-sectional and longitudinal grooves (83b); each ring area (83a) has a housing to hold the respective magnet (IM), while the side opposite the lower side (83) has a central recess to hold a steel ball.

9. The sets of structural parts for composition of architecture didactic material, according to claim 1, characterized by the part (92) of the rigid connection (90) with four peripheral sides (92a), (92b), (92c) and (92d) with housings (r1) for mounting the magnets (IM).

10. The sets of structural parts for composition of architectural didactic material, according to claim 1, characterized by the rigid connection part (93) having a triangular shape with at least two opposite sides (93a) and (93b) with housings (r1) for mounting the magnets (IM).

11. The sets of structural parts for composition of architectural didactic material, according to claim 1, characterized by the set of continuous connections (100) consisting of trapezoidal parts, and in a first version said part (101) has a central cutout (101a) on the front wall (101b) that is also trapezoidal in shape, constituting a reentrant flat side with housing (r1) for mounting the magnet (IM), also located on the sides of the base (101c).

12. The sets of structural parts for composition of architectural didactic material, according to claim 1, characterized by a continuous connection (102) constituted by a trapezoidal part with cutout (102a) made on the front side (102b) in the shape of an inverted Y to form the split base with flat sides (102c) and (102d), both with housings (r1) to insert the magnet (IM).

Description

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] To complement this description in order to obtain a better understanding of the characteristics of the present invention and according to a preferential practical execution of the invention, a set of drawings is attached to the description, where its functioning process is represented in a simplified but not limiting way:

[0034] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the kit in question, illustrating the exploded view of the package holding the set of structural parts, as well as the manual booklet and support plate;

[0035] FIG. 2 shows a top view of the elements that may be part of the kit in question;

[0036] FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show the perspective views of the cross-sectional and vertical structural elements, as well as the part that represents the bracings and tie rods;

[0037] FIGS. 6 and 6A represent the exploded and mounted perspective views of the structural elements in the form of segment of springs in a first constructive version for the composition of the adjustable bar;

[0038] FIG. 7 shows side views of the decoupled segments of springs;

[0039] FIG. 7A shows the side views of the segments of springs coupled together, illustrating the longer extension of the adjustable bar;

[0040] FIG. 7B illustrates a side view of the segments of springs coupled together, illustrating an intermediate extension of the adjustable bar;

[0041] FIGS. 8 and 8A represent the exploded and mounted perspective views of segment of springs in a second constructive version for the composition of the adjustable bar;

[0042] FIG. 9 shows side views of the segments of springs coupled together;

[0043] FIG. 9A shows side views of the segments of springs coupled together, illustrating the longer extension of the adjustable bar;

[0044] FIG. 9B illustrates a side view of the segments of springs coupled together, illustrating an intermediate extension of the adjustable bar;

[0045] FIGS. 10 and 10A represent the exploded and mounted perspective views of the segment of springs in a third constructive version for the composition of the adjustable bar;

[0046] FIG. 11 shows side views of the decoupled segments of springs;

[0047] FIG. 11A shows side views of the segments of springs coupled together, illustrating an intermediate extension of the adjustable bar;

[0048] FIG. 11B illustrates side views of the segments of springs coupled together, illustrating the smaller extension of the adjustable bar;

[0049] FIGS. 12 and 12A represent the exploded and mounted perspective views of segment of springs in a fourth constructive version for the composition of the adjustable bar;

[0050] FIG. 13 shows side views of the decoupled segments of springs;

[0051] FIG. 13A shows side views of the segments of springs coupled together, illustrating the longer extension of the adjustable bar;

[0052] FIG. 13B illustrates side views of the segments of springs coupled together, illustrating an intermediate extension of the adjustable bar;

[0053] FIGS. 14, 14A, 14B and 14C show the top and bottom perspective views of the plates that represent the slabs, walls and roofs on the architectural mockup;

[0054] FIGS. 15, 15A and 15B show the perspective, side and bottom views of the part that comprise the base connection that represents the foundations of a structure;

[0055] FIGS. 16 and 16A represent top and bottom perspective views of a constructive version of the continuous connection;

[0056] FIGS. 17 and 17A show top and bottom perspective views of a second constructive version of the continuous connection;

[0057] FIGS. 18, 18A and 18B show the perspective views of constructive versions of parts that comprise the rigid connection;

[0058] FIG. 19 shows a perspective view of a mockup obtained from the arrangement of the structural parts;

[0059] FIGS. 20 and 20A illustrate the perspective views of another mockup model, illustrating the deformation and maintenance; and

[0060] FIG. 21 shows a perspective view of the application of the adjustable bar for the mounting of an architectural mockup.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0061] With reference to the illustrated drawings, this patent of invention refers to the SETS OF STRUCTURAL PARTS FOR COMPOSITION OF ARCHITECTURAL DIDACTIC MATERIALS, more precisely refers to the set of structural parts (CPE) idealized for the composition of architectural mockups (MD) for learning or research performed by students, teachers, engineers, architects or any person interested in the subject. Each structural part (CPE) of the kit (10) has equivalence with the conventional parts used in civil construction for the approximate obtainment of the behavior of a real structure and the expected deformations (d1) or displacements (d2) (see FIGS. 20 and 20A), such as displaceable frame, non-displaceable frame, hypostatic structure, isostatic structure, hyperstatic structure, among others. Among the structural parts (CPE) is the metal plate (30) in different shapes, which simulates the ground where the structure will be built, enabling the connection of the base connections for the composition of the mockup (MD) (see FIG. 19) through the interconnection means (M1), particularly formed by the magnetism between cylindrical magnets (IM) housed in recesses (r1) or other suitable locations of the parts (CPE). Said parts (CPE) consist of vertical and cross-sectional structural elements (40) that make up pillars and beams and are formed by helical and cylindrical metal springs (41) whose visible deformations make up the deformations (d1) or displacements (d2) of the structures (MD); ii) metal cables (50) that make up the bracings and tie rods; iii) plates (60) that simulate slabs, walls and roofs made in plastic for the horizontal, vertical or inclined locking between the elements (40) and (50) to simulate the slabs, walls and roofs of a construction; and iv) groups of connections (AG), also made up of labeled connections (70) (see FIG. 2) that consist of hollow or solid metal balls (71) to receive the magnets (IM) of the elements (40) and (50) or other magnets (IM) of other structural parts (CPE) and rigid connections (90) formed by trapezoidal parts (91) where at least three flat sides (91a), (91b) and (91c) have housings (r1) for mounting the magnets (IM).

[0062] According to the present invention, the group of parts (CPE) (30), (40), (50), (60) and (70) and the inclusion of parts of the base connections (80), rigid connections (90) and continuous connections (100) make up a kit (10) (see FIG. 1) mounted in a compact rectangular box (20) with hinged lid (21), and the kit (10) includes an instruction manual (T1) containing illustrations of possible structures obtained with the arrangement of the structural parts (CPE).

[0063] In a preferential constructive version, the vertical and cross-sectional structural elements (40) made up of springs (41) can be constituted by units of adjustable bars (42) idealized to enable the length adjustment or reduction (x)/(x1) for the compositions of variations of lengths (c) or heights (t) of beams (VG) or columns (CL) during the mounting of the architectural mockups (MD) (see FIG. 21), where the said units of adjustable bars (42) consist of a pair of segments of metal springs (42a) and (42b) of the helical type with pitches (p) of coils (ES) sized for threading between the segments of springs (42a)/(42b) during the adjustment of the adjustable bar (42). Each segment of spring (42a)/(42b) has a coupling means (MG) made of deformities (DO made on one of the free ends (42c) and (42d) of the segments of springs (42a)/(42b), while the opposite ends (42e) and (420 receive units of magnets (IM) idealized to join the other elements for the composition of the architectural mockups (MD).

[0064] The extension adjustment or reduction (x)/(x1) consists of the coupling between the deformed ends (42c) and (42d) and longitudinal threading or unthreading of the pitches (p) between the segments of springs (42a)/(42b) until the bar (42) reaches the desired length (c) or height (t).

[0065] Each individual segment of spring (42a) and (42b) may have identical (c) or different (c1) lengths between them.

[0066] In a first constructive version, (see FIGS. 6 to 7B), the adjustable bar (42) consists of segments of springs (42a) and (42b) with circular section that fit through the deformed ends (42c) and (42d) to thread them together, intercalating respective coils (ES), with said deformed ends (42c)/(42d) corresponding and identical to one another, preferably constituted by parts (tr1)/(tr2) formed by diameter reductions (d1) and increased pitches (p1) in relation to the pitches (p) of the non-deformed parts that constitute the segments of springs (42a)/(42b). Said parts (42c)/(42d) of both segment of springs (42a)/(42b) fit together to form the concentricity between the parts.

[0067] For the reduction (x1) or extension (x) of the bar (42), simply thread or unthread the parts (42c)/(42d) in the pitches (p1) followed by threading/unthreading the pitches (p) of the non-deformed parts of the segments of springs (42a)/(42b).

[0068] In a second constructive version, (see FIGS. 8 to 9B), the adjustable bar (43) consists of segments of springs (43a)/(43b) of circular section with one of the free ends coupled together for threading between the coils (ES), and said ends are formed by extensions (43c)/(43d) of the farthest coil (es1) with hook shape.

[0069] For the reduction (x1) or extension (x) of the bar (43), simply couple the hooks (43c)/(43d) and thread the pitches (p) of the coils (ES) where said hooks (43c)/(43d) constitute guides (G) for coupling between the segments of springs (43a)/(43b) keeping them concentric after threading.

[0070] In a third constructive version, (see FIGS. 10 to 11B), the adjustable bar (44) consists of segments of springs (44a)/(44b) with one of the ends formed by extended and straight parts (44c)/(44d), which in turn are coated with a tubular cover (45) with a diameter (d2) that is reduced in relation to the diameter (d) of the coils (ES).

[0071] Said cover (45) is made of resilient material, such as rubber, which in turn constitutes a guide (G) during threading of the segments of springs (44a)/(44b) to maintain the concentricity of the springs after threading during the reduction (x1) or extension (x).

[0072] In a fourth constructive variation, (see FIGS. 12 to 13B), the adjustable bar (46) consists of a pair of segments of springs (46a) and (46b) that fit together through one of their ends (46c)/(46d), allowing them to be threaded together, intercalating their coils (ES). The segment of spring (46a) receives a flexible hose (47) embedded along its length, made of resilient material like rubber or similar, of which the diameter (d3) is reduced in relation to the diameter (d) of the coils (ES). Said flexible hose (47) constitutes the guide (G), with the purpose of keeping the springs (46a)/(46b) concentric after being threaded during reduction (x1) or extension (x).

[0073] The free end (46d) of the segment of spring (46b) is deformed with a short bend on the wire, towards the axis (e1) of the spring (46b) constituting a shield (At) for the flexible hose (47) to prevent its displacement.

[0074] In a preferential constructive version, said plates (60) (see FIGS. 14 to 14C) have recesses on the lower side (61) where there are grooves (63) with X shape, and the free ends end on the sides of the chamfered edges (64).

[0075] Each base connection (80) (see FIGS. 15 to 15B) consists of a discoid plate (81) of short height and peripheral wall (82) equipped with multiple longitudinal recesses (82a), while the lower side (83) is recessed and has four ring areas (83a) interconnected by cross-sectional and longitudinal grooves (83b). Each ring area (83a) has a housing to hold the respective magnet (IM), while the side opposite the lower side (83) has a central recess to hold a steel ball.

[0076] In a second constructive version of the rigid connection (90), (see FIG. 18A) the part (92) has four peripheral sides (92a), (92b), (92c) and (92d) have housings (r1) for mounting the magnets (IM).

[0077] In a third constructive version, (see FIG. 18B) the rigid connection part (93) has a triangular shape with at least two opposite sides (93a) and (93b) with housings (r1) for mounting the magnets (IM).

[0078] Completing the kit in a preferential version, the set of continuous connections (100) consists of trapezoidal parts, and in a first version (see FIGS. 16 and 16A) said part (101) has a central cutout (101a) on the front wall (101b) that is also trapezoidal in shape, constituting a reentrant flat side with housing (r1) for mounting the magnet (IM), also located on the sides of the base (101c).

[0079] Another constructive version presented consists of a continuous connection (102) (see FIGS. 17 and 17A) constituted by a trapezoidal part with cutout (102a) on the front side (102b) in the shape of an inverted Y to form the split base with flat sides (102c) and (102d), both with housings (r1) to insert the magnet (IM).

[0080] It is certain that when the present invention was put into practice, modifications related to certain construction and shape details can be introduced without implying in deviating from the fundamental principles that are clearly substantiated in the claim scope, thus being understood that the terminology used had no limiting purpose.