LENTICULAR DISPLAY AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING LENTICULAR DISPLAY
20190196211 ยท 2019-06-27
Inventors
Cpc classification
G03B35/24
PHYSICS
G09F19/14
PHYSICS
G02B3/005
PHYSICS
International classification
Abstract
A lenticular display has: a lenticular lens in which a plurality of convex lenses are arranged in parallel, each of the convex lenses having a convex front surface; a lenticular image provided on a back surface side of each of the convex lenses; and an anti-reflection layer provided on a back surface side of the lenticular image. The lenticular image includes a plurality of display image strips that are extracted each in a stripe shape from a plurality of display images and that are arranged at corresponding positions on the back surface side of each of the convex lenses, and a transparent-slit image strip that is provided between each pair of the plurality of display image strips that are adjacent to each other and that are extracted from the display images that differ from each other.
Claims
1. A lenticular display comprising: a lenticular lens in which a plurality of convex lenses are arranged in parallel, each of the convex lenses having a convex front surface; a lenticular image provided on a back surface side of each of the convex lenses, the back surface being a surface of the convex lens opposite to the front surface; and an anti-reflection layer provided on a back surface side of the lenticular image, the back surface being a surface of the lenticular image opposite to a front surface of the lenticular image facing the lenticular lens, wherein the lenticular image includes a plurality of display image strips that are extracted each in a stripe shape from a plurality of display images and that are arranged at corresponding positions on the back surface side of each of the convex lenses, and a transparent-slit image strip that is provided between each pair of the plurality of display image strips that are adjacent to each other and that are extracted from the display images that differ from each other.
2. The lenticular display according to claim 1, wherein a residual density of the display images is 0% or higher and 40% or lower.
3. The lenticular display according to claim 1, wherein a width of the transparent-slit image strip in an arrangement direction is 5% or larger and 50% or smaller of a width of each of the convex lenses in a parallel-arrangement direction.
4. The lenticular display according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of display images each include a character.
5. The lenticular display according to claim 1, wherein the lenticular image is formed on a recording medium that is bonded to a back surface of the lenticular lens.
6. The lenticular display according to claim 1, wherein the lenticular image is formed on a back surface of the lenticular lens.
7. A method of manufacturing a lenticular display, comprising: a step of forming a lenticular image by arranging a plurality of display image strips, which are extracted each in a stripe shape from a plurality of display images, at corresponding positions and by providing a transparent-slit image strip between each pair of the plurality of display image strips that are adjacent to each other and that are extracted from the display images that differ from each other; a step of providing the lenticular image on a back surface side of a lenticular lens in which a plurality of convex lenses are arranged in parallel, each of the convex lenses having a convex front surface, the back surface being a surface of the lenticular lens opposite to the front surface; and a step of providing an anti-reflection layer on a back surface side of the lenticular image, the back surface being a surface of the lenticular image opposite to a front surface of the lenticular image facing the lenticular lens.
8. The method of manufacturing a lenticular display according to claim 7, wherein a width of the transparent-slit image strip in an arrangement direction is 5% or larger and 50% or smaller of a width of each of the convex lenses in a parallel-arrangement direction.
9. The method of manufacturing a lenticular display according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of display images each include a character.
10. The method of manufacturing a lenticular display according to claim 7, wherein the lenticular image is formed on a front surface of a recording medium, and the front surface of the recording medium and the back surface of the lenticular lens are affixed to each other.
11. The method of manufacturing a lenticular display according to claim 7, wherein the lenticular image is formed on the back surface of the lenticular lens.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0043] Exemplary embodiments according to the technique of the present disclosure will be described in detail based on the following figures, wherein:
[0044]
[0045]
[0046]
[0047]
[0048]
[0049]
[0050]
[0051]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
First Embodiment
[0052] Hereinafter, referring to
[0053] Structure of Lenticular Lens
[0054] As shown in
[0055] The lenticular lens 14, that is, each of the convex lenses 12, is made of a light-transmissive resin material. Examples of the resin material used include a polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA), a polycarbonate resin, a polystyrene resin, a methacrylate-styrene copolymer resin (MS resin), an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer resin (AS resin), a polypropylene resin, a polyethylene resin, a polyethylene terephthalate resin, a glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate resin, a polyvinyl chloride resin (PVC), a thermoplastic elastomer, a copolymer of any of the these, and a cycloolefin polymer.
[0056] In consideration of ease of melt extrusion, preferably, for example, any of the following resins, each of which has a low melt viscosity, is used: a polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA), a polycarbonate resin, a polystyrene resin, a methacrylate-styrene copolymer resin (MS resin), a polyethylene resin, a polyethylene terephthalate resin, and a glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate resin.
[0057] More preferably, a glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate resin is used, because a lens shape formed on the surface of an embossing roller can be easily transferred and a crack is not likely to be formed in a lens layer during embossing. The lenticular lens 14 may include a plurality of resin materials.
[0058] In view of printability, workability, and image resolution, the width (lens pitch) of the convex lens 12 is preferably larger than or equal to 50 LPI (lines per inch, the number of lenses per inch (2.54 cm)) and smaller than or equal to 300 LPI, and, more preferably, larger than or equal to 100 LPI and smaller than or equal to 200 LPI. A lenticular image 16 is provided on a back surface 12B side of the convex lens 12, that is, on the back surface 14B side of the lenticular lens 14.
[0059] To be specific, the lenticular image 16 is formed (printed) on a front surface 18A of a film 18, which is a recording medium made of a transparent resin. The front surface 18A of the film 18 is affixed to the back surface 14B of the lenticular lens 14 via a transparent bonding layer (not shown).
[0060] Structure of Lenticular Image
[0061] For example, the lenticular image 16 is composed of image strip groups that include the display image strips 20 and 22 for individually displaying two display images. To be specific, as shown in
[0062] The display image strips 20 and 22 extend in the longitudinal direction (Y-direction) of the lenticular lens 14. The display image strips 20 and 22 are alternately arranged with spaces therebetween in the width direction (X-direction) of the lenticular lens 14. A transparent-slit image strip 24 of the lenticular image 16 is disposed between each pair of the display image strips 20 and 22 that are adjacent to each other.
[0063] The widths of the plurality of display image strips 20 and 22 in the arrangement direction (X-direction) are substantially the same, and the widths of the plurality of transparent-slit image strips 24 in the arrangement direction (X-direction) are also substantially the same. If the width of each of the transparent-slit image strips 24 in the arrangement direction (X-direction) is too small, it is difficult to suppress overlapping of the display image strips 20 and 22 (display images). If the width is too large, it is difficult to maintain the continuity of the display image strips 20 and 22 (display images).
[0064] Therefore, the width of each of the transparent-slit image strips 24 in the arrangement direction (X-direction) is preferably 5% or larger and 50% or smaller, more preferably 10% or larger and 30% or smaller, and most preferably 12% or larger and 20% or smaller of the width of the convex lens 12 in the parallel-arrangement direction (X-direction). The widths of the transparent-slit image strips 24 in the arrangement direction (X-direction) may be different from each other.
[0065] In the present embodiment, the display image strips 20 and 22 (display images) each include a character. An anti-reflection layer 26 is provided on the back surface side of the lenticular image 16, that is, on a back surface 18B side of the film 18, the back surface 18B being opposite to the front surface 18A.
[0066] Structure of Anti-Reflection Layer
[0067] The anti-reflection layer 26 is a layer having a low reflectance over the entire visible spectrum of 400 nm to 700 nm (wide-band low reflectance). The material of the anti-reflection layer is not particularly limited. An organic or an inorganic material can be used, and a commercially available anti-reflection film may be used.
[0068] Examples of an organic anti-reflection film include DUV 30 series and DUV-40 series made by Brewer Science, Inc.; AR-2, AR-3, and AR-5 made by Shipley Company; and ARC series made by Nissan Chemical Corporation. Examples of the material of an inorganic anti-reflection film include titanium dioxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, carbon, silicon dioxide, and amorphous silicon.
[0069] The anti-reflection layer may be a single layer or a multilayer. When the anti-reflection layer has a multilayer structure, a plurality of layers that include different materials may be used in combination. For example, as shown in
[0070] The term high-refractive-index film refers to a film that has a refractive index of 1.7 or higher for light having a wavelength of 500 nm, and that includes, for example, titanium oxide or niobium oxide, as an inorganic material. The term low-refractive-index film refers to a film that has a refractive index lower than 1.7 for light having a wavelength of 500 nm, and that includes, for example, silicon dioxide (silica) as an inorganic material.
[0071] The anti-reflection layer 26 is vapor-deposited over the entirety of the back surface 18B of the film 18 by using a vacuum deposition method. The material and the thickness of the anti-reflection layer 26 are not particularly limited, and may be set in accordance with a required level of reflectance. For example, in the present disclosure, a stack of titanium-oxide-including layers/silicon-dioxide-including layers is used as the an inorganic multilayer film 1, and a stack of niobium-pentoxide-including layers/silicon-dioxide-including layers is used as an inorganic multilayer film 2.
[0072] In particular, preferably, the material and the thickness of the anti-reflection layer 26, and the width of the transparent-slit image strip 24 are set so that the residual density of the display image strips 20 and 22 (display images) is 0% or higher and 40% or lower when the lenticular image 16 is observed from a front surface 12A side of the convex lens 12, that is, the front surface 14A side of the lenticular lens 14. More preferably, the residual density is 30% or lower, and most preferably 28% or lower.
[0073] Method of Manufacturing Lenticular Display
[0074] When manufacturing the lenticular display 10, first, for example, the display image strips 20 and 22 (the display image strips An and Bn in
[0075] Then, as shown in
[0076] When forming the display image strips 20 and 22 on the film 18, the transparent-slit image strips 24 are formed between the display image strips 20 and the display image strips 22 by disposing the display image strips 20 and 22 with distances therebetween.
[0077] That is, in the lenticular display 10 according to the present embodiment, the transparent-slit image strips 24 are formed by providing the film 18 with regions in which no display image strips are disposed. Through the above process, the lenticular image 16, which includes the display image strips 20 and 22 and the transparent-slit image strips 24, is formed.
[0078] Next, the lenticular image 16 is provided on the back surface 14B side of the lenticular lens 14 by affixing the front surface 18A of the film 18 to the back surface 14B of the lenticular lens 14 via a transparent bonding layer (not shown). The anti-reflection layer 26 is provided on the back surface side of the lenticular image 16 by vapor-depositing the anti-reflection layer 26 on the back surface 18B of the film 18. Through the above process, the lenticular display 10 is manufactured.
[0079] Functions and Effects
[0080] As shown in
[0081] In the present embodiment, the transparent-slit image strip 24 is provided between each pair of the display image strips 20 and 22 that are adjacent to each other. Therefore, even if different images are observed with the left and right eyes (for example, an image of the display image strip 20 with the left eye and an image of the transparent-slit image strip 24 with the right eye) at a position where an image observed by an observer switches, overlapping of the images is suppressed, because the image of the transparent-slit image strip 24 is transparent.
[0082] That is, by providing the transparent-slit image strip 24, overlapping of a half of the image of the display image strip 20 and a half the image of the display image strip 22 occurs only negligibly or does not occur. Therefore, overlapping of the display image strips 20 and 22 (display images) can be suppressed, and decrease of ability in discriminating between the display image strips 20 and 22 (display images) can be suppressed.
[0083] In the present embodiment, readability is particularly necessary, because the display image strips 20 and 22 (display images) each include a character. Because decrease of ability in discriminating between the display image strips 20 and 22 is suppressed, the characters can be easily recognized.
[0084] Moreover, with the present embodiment, by setting the width of the transparent-slit image strip 24 in the arrangement direction to be 5% or larger of the width of the convex lens 12 in the parallel-arrangement direction, overlapping of the image of the display image strip 20 and the image of the display image strip 22 can be further suppressed by the transparent-slit image strip 24. Furthermore, by setting the width of the transparent-slit image strip 24 in the arrangement direction to be 50% or smaller of the width of the convex lens in the parallel-arrangement direction, continuity of the display image strips 20 and 22 can be further maintained.
[0085] With the present embodiment, the lenticular image 16 is formed on the film 18, which is bonded to the back surface 14B of the lenticular lens 14. Therefore, compared with a structure in which the lenticular image 16 is directly formed on the lenticular lens 14, the lenticular image 16 can be easily formed.
[0086] With the present embodiment, the anti-reflection layer 26 is formed by using a vacuum deposition method. Therefore, compared with a structure in which the anti-reflection layer 26 is formed on the back surface 18B of the film 18 by application or bonding, the anti-reflection layer 26 does not easily peel off, and the anti-reflection layer 26 can be formed with high precision.
[0087] With the present embodiment, by setting the material and the thickness of the anti-reflection layer 26 and the width of the transparent-slit image strip 24 so that the residual density of the display image strips 20 and 22 is 0% or higher and 40% or lower, the viewability of the display image strips 20 and 22 can be further improved.
Second Embodiment
[0088] Hereinafter, referring to
[0089] Structure
[0090] As shown in
[0091] A lenticular image 36 is provided on a back surface 32B side of the convex lens 32, that is, on a back surface 34B side of the lenticular lens 34. To be specific, image strip groups including display image strips 40 and 42 of the lenticular image 36 are directly formed (printed) on the back surface 34B of the lenticular lens 34.
[0092] The display image strips 40 and 42 are alternately arranged with spaces therebetween in the width direction (X-direction) of the lenticular lens 34. A transparent-slit image strip 44 of the lenticular image 36 is disposed between each pair of the display image strips 40 and 42 that are adjacent to each other. An anti-reflection layer 46 is provided on the back surface side of the lenticular image 36, that is, on the back surface 34B side of the lenticular lens 34.
[0093] For example, the anti-reflection layer 46 is made from a single-layer film that includes a large number of silicon dioxide particles each having a hollow portion, that is, hollow silica particles 46A. The anti-reflection layer 46 is formed by applying a coating agent including the hollow silica particles 46A to the entirety of the back surface 34B of the lenticular lens 34.
[0094] Functions and Effects
[0095] With the present embodiment, the lenticular image 36 is directly formed (printed) on the back surface 34B of the lenticular lens 34. Therefore, compared with a structure in which a recording medium on which the lenticular image 36 has been formed is bonded to the lenticular lens 34, the number of components and the number of working steps can be reduced, and the lenticular image 36 can be formed at low costs.
[0096] With the present embodiment, the anti-reflection layer 46 is formed on the back surface 34B of the lenticular lens 34 by applying a coating agent including the hollow silica particles 46A. Therefore, compared with a structure in which the anti-reflection layer 46 is formed by using a vacuum deposition method or the like, the anti-reflection layer 46 can be easily formed.
Third Embodiment
[0097] Hereinafter, referring to
[0098] Structure
[0099] As shown in
[0100] A lenticular image 56 is provided on a back surface 52B side of the convex lens 52, that is, on a back surface 54B side of the lenticular lens 54. To be specific, image strip groups including display image strips 60 and 62 of the lenticular image 56 are formed (printed) on a front surface 58A of a film 58, which is a recording medium made of a transparent resin. The front surface 58A of the film 58 is affixed to the back surface 54B of the lenticular lens 54 via a bonding layer (not shown).
[0101] The display image strips 60 and 62 are alternately arranged with spaces therebetween in the width direction (X-direction) of the lenticular lens 54. A transparent-slit image strip 64 of the lenticular image 56 is disposed between each pair of the display image strips 60 and 62 that are adjacent to each other. An anti-reflection layer 66 is provided on the back surface side of the lenticular image 56, that is, on a back surface 58B side of the film 58.
[0102] The anti-reflection layer 66 is formed on the back surface 58B of the film 58 and is composed of a fine recess-protrusion structure in which the distance between protrusions 66A that are adjacent to each other is smaller than or equal to the wavelength of visible light (for example, about 0.1 m). For example, the recess-protrusion structure is formed by, after forming the lenticular image 56 on the front surface 58A of the film 58, pressing a mold, whose surface has a recess-protrusion shape, against the back surface 58B of the film 58 and thereby transferring the recess-protrusion shape to the film 58.
[0103] Functions and Effects
[0104] With the present embodiment, the anti-reflection layer 66 is provided on the film 58 by forming a fine recess-protrusion structure on the back surface 58B of the film 58. Therefore, compared with a structure in which the anti-reflection layer 66 is formed by using a vacuum deposition method or the like, the anti-reflection layer 66 can be easily formed at low costs.
Other Embodiments
[0105] The present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above as examples, and various embodiments are possible within the scope of the present disclosure. The embodiments may be combined as appropriate.
[0106] For example, in the embodiments described above, one of each of the display image strips 20, 22, 40, 42, 60, and 62 is arranged below a corresponding one of the convex lenses 12, 32, and 52. However, a plurality of each of the display image strips 20, 22, 40, 42, 60, and 62 may be arranged below a corresponding one of the convex lens 12, 32, and 52. By increasing the number of display image strips that are arranged below each of the convex lenses 12, 32, and 52, resolution can be increased.
[0107] In the embodiments described above, the lenticular displays 10, 30, and 50 are each structured to display two types of display images. However, the lenticular displays 10, 30, and 50 each may be structured to display three or more types of display images.
[0108] In the first and third embodiments, the resin films 18 and 58 are each used as a recording medium. However, it is sufficient that a recording medium is transparent. For example, the recording medium may be made of glass. In the third embodiment, the anti-reflection layer 66 is formed on the back surface 58B of the film 58. However, the anti-reflection layer 66 may be formed on the back surface 58B side of the film 58 by bonding another film, on which a fine recess-protrusion structure has been formed, to the back surface 58B of the film 58.
[0109] For example, the anti-reflection layers 26 and 66 may be disposed so as to be separated from the back surfaces 18B and 58B of the films 18 and 58 by disposing the anti-reflection layers 26 and 66 via other resin layers between the anti-reflection layers 26 and 66 and the back surfaces 18B and 58B of the films 18 and 58. The structures of the anti-reflection layers 26, 46, and 66 are not limited to those in the embodiments described above, and other known anti-reflection layers may be used.
[0110] For example, in the first embodiment, the transparent-slit image strip 24 is formed by providing a region in which no image strip is disposed between each pair of the display image strips 20 and 22 printed on the film 18. However, a method of forming the transparent-slit image strip 24 is not limited to that in the embodiment. For example, the transparent-slit image strip 24 may be formed by using a method that includes: arranging a film on which the display image strips 20 have been printed and a film on which the display image strips 22 have been printed with gaps therebetween; and filling the gaps between the films with a transparent resin material.
[0111] The transparent-slit image strips need not be provided between all pairs of the display image strips 20 and 22, 40 and 42, and 60 and 62. For example, the transparent-slit image strips need not be formed in regions where the colors of the display image strips 20 and 22, 40 and 42, and 60 and 62 are respectively the same, that is, in regions where the color does not change when the display image strips 20 and 22, 40 and 42, and 60 and 62 are respectively switched.
[0112] In the first embodiment, the convex lens 12 has a spherical front surface 12A. However, it is sufficient that the convex lens 12 has a convex front surface 12A, and, for example, the front surface 12A may be non-spherical. For example, the convex lens 12 may have a triangular cross-sectional shape.
EXAMPLES
[0113] Hereinafter, Examples 1 to 12 of the present disclosure and comparative examples 1 to 4 will be specifically described. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the Examples described below. Here, the image viewability (visibility) of the Examples and comparative examples were visually evaluated and graded in five levels from A to E, and grades A to C were determined as in an allowable range as a product. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Lenticular Lens Lenticular Image Lens Transparent Image Anti-Reflection Layer Evaluation Pitch Portion/Lens Image Presence/ Residual Image Examples Material LPI Width (%) Groups Character Absence Structure Density (%) Viewability Example 1 Glycol Modified 100 18% 2 types present present Inorganic Multilayer 25 A PET Film 1 Example 2 Glycol Modified 100 25% 2 types present present Inorganic Multilayer 40 B PET Film 1 Example 3 Glycol Modified 100 12% 3 types present present Inorganic Multilayer 28 A PET Film 1 Example 4 Glycol Modified 100 18% 2 types absent present Inorganic Multilayer 20 A PET Film 1 Example 5 Glycol Modified 100 18% 2 types present present Inorganic Multilayer 24 A PET Film 2 Example 6 Acrylic Resin 100 18% 2 types present present Inorganic Multilayer 22 A Film 1 Example 7 Glycol Modified 200 18% 2 types present present Inorganic Multilayer 28 A PET Film 1 Example 8 Glycol Modified 100 30% 2 types present present Inorganic Multilayer 35 B PET Film 1 Example 9 Glycol Modified 100 3% 2 types present present Inorganic Multilayer 42 C PET Film 1 Example 10 Glycol Modified 100 10% 2 types present present Inorganic Multilayer 35 B PET Film 1 Example 11 Glycol Modified 100 20% 2 types present present Inorganic Multilayer 18 A PET Film 1 Example 12 Glycol Modified 100 45% 2 types present present Inorganic Multilayer 7 C PET Film 1 Comparative Glycol Modified 100 absent (0%) 2 types present absent White Ink Application 50 E Example 1 PET Comparative Glycol Modified 100 absent (0%) 2 types present absent Paper Affixing 55 E Example 2 PET Comparative Glycol Modified 100 present (30%) 2 types present absent 45 D Example 3 PET Comparative Glycol Modified 100 absent (0%) 2 types present present Inorganic Multilayer 49 D Example 4 PET Film
[0114] As can be seen from Table 1, stray light was generated in the lenticular lens and overlapping of images could not be suppressed in the following comparative examples: comparative example 1, in which the transparent-slit image strip was not provided and, white ink, instead of the anti-reflection layer, was applied to the back surface of the lenticular image; and comparative example 2, in which the transparent-slit image strip was not provided and, a sheet of paper, instead of the anti-reflection layer, was affixed to the back surface of the lenticular image. Therefore, compared with the Examples, the image viewability was low.
[0115] Likewise, compared with the Examples, the image viewability was low in the following comparative examples: comparative example 3, in which the transparent-slit image strip was provided but the anti-reflection layer was not provided; and comparative example 4, in which the anti-reflection layer was provided but the transparent-slit image strip was not provided.
[0116] The entire contents disclosed in JP2016-190293 filed on Sep. 28, 2016 is incorporated herein by reference.
[0117] All documents, patent applications, and technical standards mentioned in the present specification are incorporated herein by reference to the same extent as in the case where the individual documents, patent applications, and technical standards are specifically and individually described as being incorporated herein by reference.