Threshing/Separating Device Having Tined Accelerator and/or Axial Rotor Arrangement

Abstract

An axial threshing/separating system having at least one spring tined accelerator cylinder, in where the accelerator cylinder includes a plurality of double torsional spring tine cylinder elements extending from the spring tined accelerator cylinder; and one or more spring tined axial rotors, in where each of the spring tined axial rotors includes a plurality of double torsional spring tine rotor elements extending from each of the spring tined axial rotors, in where each of the spring tined axial rotors is aligned such that a respective longitudinal axis of each spring tined axial rotor is substantially coplanar and substantially parallel to a respective longitudinal axis of each other spring tined axial rotor, and wherein a longitudinal axis of at least one spring tined accelerator cylinder is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of each spring tined axial rotor.

Claims

1. A harvester with a threshing system comprising: one or more preconditioning cylinder(s) that are mounted in an orientation that is substantially perpendicular to said direction of travel of said harvester; and at least one accelerator cylinder that is mounted in an orientation that is substantially perpendicular to said direction of travel of said harvester, wherein said accelerator cylinder feed said crop mat into one or more spring tined axial rotors.

2. The harvester of claim 1, wherein said preconditioning cylinder(s) are oriented above one or more perforated concave floors, wherein said perforated concave floors direct a crop mat through said harvester.

3. The harvester of claim 1, wherein said accelerator cylinder comprises a core that supports said double torsional spring tine cylinder element.

4. The harvester of claim 3, wherein said core of said accelerator cylinder is attached or coupled to an input shaft wherein said input shaft extends through a longitudinal axis of said accelerator cylinder.

5. The harvester of claim 1, wherein said accelerator cylinder further comprises of a plurality of double torsional spring tine cylinder elements.

6. The harvester of claim 1, wherein said accelerator cylinder is comprised of a core, and wherein said accelerator cylinder is attached or coupled to an input shaft through said longitudinal axis of said accelerator cylinder, and a plurality of accelerator cylinder spring elements extending from said accelerator cylinder core.

7. The harvester of claim 6, wherein each of said accelerator cylinder spring elements comprises one or more torsional spring tine(s).

8. The harvester of claim 7, wherein said accelerator cylinder double torsional spring tine cylinder element(s) engage a portion of said crop mat which has said ability to progressively or incrementally apply more force to said crop mat or other opposing objects as said double torsional spring tine cylinder elements flex.

9. The harvester of claim 8, wherein said accelerator cylinder is positioned so as to allow said double torsional spring tine cylinder elements of said accelerator cylinder to convey and accelerate said crop mat to said spring tined axial rotor(s).

10. The harvester of claim 1, wherein one or more double torsional spring rotor elements are mounted on a perimeter of a main rotor core of said spring tined axial rotor(s).

11. The harvester of claim 10, wherein each double torsional spring tine rotor elements are mounted in a pattern or series of patterns on said main rotor core.

12. The harvester of claim 11, wherein said double torsional spring tine rotor elements work in conjunction with one or more concave floors to extract or move material.

13. The harvester of claim 10, wherein said double torsional spring tine rotor elements are mounted to said spring tined axial rotor(s) tangentially and substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of said spring tined axial rotor.

14. The harvester of claim 1, wherein said double torsional spring tine rotor element(s) progressively adjust to pressure generated from said crop mat while allowing foreign materials to pass.

15. The harvester of claim 1, wherein said axial rotor comprises a main rotor core, and wherein said axial rotor is attached or coupled to an input shaft through a longitudinal axis of said axial rotor, and a plurality of double torsional spring tine rotor elements extending from said main rotor core.

16. An accelerator cylinder and axial rotor system, comprising: at least one accelerator cylinder, wherein said at least one accelerator cylinder includes a plurality of double torsional spring tines attached or coupled to said accelerator cylinder; and two or more axial rotors, wherein each of said axial rotor(s) includes a plurality of double torsional spring tines attached or coupled to each of said axial rotor(s), wherein each of said axial rotor(s) is aligned such that a respective longitudinal axis of each axial rotor is substantially coplanar and substantially parallel to a respective longitudinal axis of each other axial rotor, and wherein a longitudinal axis of said at least one accelerator cylinder is substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of at least one of said axial rotor(s).

17. The accelerator cylinder and axial rotor system of claim 16, wherein each double torsional spring tine includes one or more double torsional spring tine fingers.

18. The accelerator cylinder and axial rotor system of claim 16, wherein said plurality of double torsional spring tines are arranged in a helical pattern around at least a portion of each of said axial rotor(s).

19. An accelerator cylinder and axial rotor system, comprising: at least one accelerator cylinder, wherein said at least one accelerator cylinder includes a plurality of double torsional spring tine elements attached or coupled to said accelerator cylinder; and two or more axial rotors, wherein each of said axial rotor(s) includes a plurality of double torsional spring tine elements attached or coupled to each of said axial rotor(s), wherein each of said axial rotor(s) is aligned such that a respective longitudinal axis of each axial rotor is substantially coplanar and substantially parallel to a respective longitudinal axis of each other axial rotor, and wherein a longitudinal axis of said at least one accelerator cylinder is substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of at least one of said axial rotor(s).

20. The accelerator cylinder and axial rotor system of claim 19, wherein each double torsional spring tine element includes one or more double torsional spring tine fingers.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] As required, detailed exemplary embodiments of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses that may be embodied in various and alternative forms, within the scope of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses. The figures are not necessarily to scale; some features may be exaggerated or minimized to illustrate details of particular components. All figures shown are for representational purposes and elements of varying lengths and weights may be used depending on various conditions. Furthermore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to employ the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses.

[0026] The exemplary embodiments of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses will be described in detail, with reference to the following figures, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout several views, and wherein:

[0027] FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a spring tined accelerator cylinder, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses. Fastening devices omitted for clarity;

[0028] FIG. 2 illustrates a more detailed, perspective view of a portion of an exemplary embodiment of a spring tined accelerator cylinder, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0029] FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of an exemplary embodiment of a spring tined accelerator cylinder, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0030] FIG. 4 illustrates an end view of an exemplary embodiment of a spring tined accelerator cylinder, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0031] FIG. 5 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary double torsional spring tine, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0032] FIG. 6 illustrates a front view of an exemplary double torsional spring tine, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0033] FIG. 7 illustrates a side view of an exemplary double torsional spring tine, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0034] FIG. 8 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary double torsional spring tine, fastening device, and element mounting cleat. When the previously described are combined they form a double torsional spring tine rotor element, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0035] FIG. 9 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary double torsional spring tine, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0036] FIG. 10 illustrates a front view of an exemplary double torsional spring tine element, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0037] FIG. 11 illustrates a side view of an exemplary double torsional spring tine, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0038] FIG. 12 illustrates a top view of an exemplary embodiment of a spring tined axial rotor, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0039] FIG. 13 illustrates a more detailed, top view of a portion of an exemplary embodiment of a spring tined axial rotor, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0040] FIG. 14 illustrates a more detailed, perspective view of a portion of an exemplary embodiment of a spring tined axial rotor, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses. Fastening devices omitted for clarity;

[0041] FIG. 15 illustrates a more detailed, perspective view of a portion of an exemplary embodiment of a spring tined axial rotor, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0042] FIG. 16 illustrates an end view of a portion of an exemplary embodiment of a spring tined axial rotor with a perimeter structure according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0043] FIG. 17 illustrates a perspective view of two spring tined axial rotors, aligned with one another, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0044] FIG. 18 illustrates a perspective view of two spring tined axial rotors, a spring tined accelerator cylinder, and two preconditioning cylinders aligned with one another, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0045] FIG. 19 illustrates a perspective view of two spring tined axial rotors, a spring tined accelerator cylinder, and two preconditioning cylinders aligned with one another, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0046] FIG. 20 illustrates a side view of a spring tined axial rotor, a spring tined accelerator cylinder, two preconditioning cylinders, a header pickup, and a header auger, aligned with one another, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0047] FIG. 21 illustrates a side view of two spring tined axial rotors, a spring tined accelerator cylinder, and two preconditioning cylinders aligned with one another, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0048] FIG. 22 illustrates a diagram of an exemplary harvester incorporating certain exemplary elements of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses;

[0049] FIG. 23 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary one or more double torsional spring tine(s), fastening device, and elongated support element. When the previously described are combined they form a double torsional spring tine cylinder element, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses. Only a single double torsional spring tine is depicted; and

[0050] FIG. 24 illustrates a side view of an exemplary double torsional spring tine cylinder element, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE

[0051] For simplicity and clarification, the design factors and operating principles of the axial threshing/separating components and/or systems according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses are explained with reference to various exemplary embodiments of axial threshing/separating components and/or systems according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses. The basic explanation of the design factors and operating principles of the axial threshing/separating components and/or systems is applicable for the understanding, design, and operation of the axial threshing/separating components and/or systems of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses. It should be understood that the axial threshing/separating components and/or systems can be adapted to many applications where axial threshing/separating components and/or systems can be used.

[0052] As used herein, the word may is meant to convey a permissive sense (i.e., meaning having the potential to), rather than a mandatory sense (i.e., meaning must). Unless stated otherwise, terms such as first and second are used to arbitrarily distinguish between the exemplary embodiments and/or elements such terms describe. Thus, these terms are not necessarily intended to indicate temporal or other prioritization of such exemplary embodiments and/or elements.

[0053] The term coupled, as used herein, is defined as connected, although not necessarily directly, and not necessarily mechanically. The terms a and an are defined as one or more unless stated otherwise.

[0054] Throughout this application, the terms comprise (and any form of comprise, such as comprises and comprising), have (and any form of have, such as has and having), include, (and any form of include, such as includes and including) and contain (and any form of contain, such as contains and containing) are used as open-ended linking verbs. It will be understood that these terms are meant to imply the inclusion of a stated element, integer, step, or group of elements, integers, or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer, step, or group of elements, integers, or steps. As a result, a system, method, or apparatus that comprises, has, includes, or contains one or more elements possesses those one or more elements but is not limited to possessing only those one or more elements. Similarly, a method or process that comprises, has, includes or contains one or more operations possesses those one or more operations but is not limited to possessing only those one or more operations.

[0055] It should also be understood that the terms threshing/separating system, accelerator cylinder, axial rotor, and tine are used for basic explanation and understanding of the operation of the systems, methods, and apparatuses of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses. Therefore, the terms threshing/separating system, accelerator cylinder, axial rotor, and tine are not to be construed as limiting the systems, methods, and apparatuses of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses.

[0056] For simplicity and clarification, the axial threshing/separating components and/or systems of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses will be described as being used in conjunction with a peanut harvesting device. However, it should be understood that these are merely exemplary embodiments of the axial threshing/separating components and/or systems and are not to be construed as limiting the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses. Thus, the axial threshing/separating components and/or systems of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses may be utilized in conjunction with the harvesting of any appropriate crop.

[0057] Turning now to the appended drawing figures, FIGS. 1-4 illustrate certain elements and/or aspects of an exemplary embodiment of the spring tined accelerator cylinder 100, FIGS. 5-7, and 9-11 illustrate certain aspects of exemplary double torsional spring tines 120, FIGS. 12-17 illustrate certain elements and/or aspects of an exemplary embodiment of a spring tined axial rotor 130, and FIGS. 18-22 illustrate certain elements and/or aspects of an exemplary embodiment of an axial threshing/separating system, according to the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses.

[0058] In certain illustrative, non-limiting embodiment(s) of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses, the spring tined accelerator cylinder 100 comprises a plurality of elongated support elements 112 or lateral support bars arranged in a substantially circular fashion about support element disc(s) 110. A cylinder core 114 (a centralized supporting structure of a cylinder or rotor) extends from one or more of the elongated support elements 112 and is configured so as to allow a rotational force to be applied to the spring tined accelerator cylinder 100.

[0059] In various exemplary, non-limiting embodiments, as illustrated most clearly in FIGS. 5-7, each double torsional spring tine 120 comprises of one or more tines or tine fingers 125 that extend to tine finger extensions 127. In certain other exemplary, non-limiting embodiments, as illustrated most clearly in FIGS. 9-11, each double torsional spring tine 120 comprises of one or more tines or tine fingers 125, without the optional tine finger extensions 127.

[0060] If the tine finger extensions 127 are included, the tine finger extensions 127 extend from the tine fingers 125 at an angle that is substantially different from an angle of the tine fingers 125. Each tine finger 125 extends from a tine coil 123, which provides a spring biasing effect to each tine finger 125. The spring tine coils 123 are joined by a fastening loop 121. In certain exemplary embodiments, each double torsional spring tine 120 is attached or coupled to the element mounting cleat 155 proximate to the fastening loop 121. The double torsional spring tine 120 provide yielding, yet resilient elements, which are unique to axial threshing/separating as the double torsional spring tine 120 adjust to pressure generated from the crop mat. This allows both light and heavy crop loads to be threshed and separated with an equal degree of aggressiveness, while still allowing foreign materials to pass through the harvester 10 without producing damage to the harvester 10.

[0061] It should be understood that the spring rate and force may vary, based upon the amount of desired flex or resiliency of each double torsional spring tine finger 125. In these exemplary embodiments, the degree of flex or resiliency provided to each tine finger 125 may be provided by the inherent flex or resiliency of the material used to form the double torsional spring tine 120 and/or the tine fingers 125 or the size or shape of at least a portion of each tine finger 125.

[0062] The degree of flex or bias provided to each tine finger 125 and/or tine finger extension 127 is a design choice based upon the desired degree of the formation or flex of each tine finger 125 or tine finger extension 127.

[0063] A plurality of double torsional spring tines 120 attached or coupled to each elongated support element 112. In various exemplary embodiments, each double torsional spring tine 120 is included in a double torsional spring element and is attached or coupled to an elongated support element 112 via a fastening device 116. Together, the elongated support element, the double torsional spring tine 120, and fastening device 116 form a double torsional spring tine cylinder element 157 that is arranged in a pattern or series of patterns. In various exemplary embodiments, each tine attachment element 116 includes a bolt or other fastening device. Alternatively, each double torsional spring tine 120 may be attached or coupled to elongated support element via frictional engagement between the double torsional spring tine 120 and the elongated support elements 112, other attachment devices, adhesives, welding, or the like. In still other exemplary embodiments, each double torsional spring tine 120 may be formed as an integral extension of the elongated support element 112. One or more double torsional spring tines 120 may be fastened to an individual elongated support element in a pattern or series of patterns that can also create a double torsional spring tine cylinder element 157.

[0064] A plurality of double torsional spring tines 120 attached or coupled to each element mounting cleat 155. In various exemplary embodiments, each double torsional spring tine 120 is included in a double torsional spring element and is attached or coupled to an element mounting cleat 155, via a fastening device 116. Together, the element mounting cleat 155, the double torsional spring tine 120, and fastening device 116 form a double torsional spring tine rotor element 156 that is arranged in a pattern or series of patterns. In various exemplary embodiments, each tine attachment element 116 includes a bolt or other fastening device. Alternatively, each double torsional spring tine 120 may be attached or coupled to each element mounting cleat 155, via frictional engagement between the double torsional spring tine 120 and the element mounting cleat 155, other attachment devices, adhesives, welding, or the like. In still other exemplary embodiments, each double torsional spring tine 120 may be formed as an integral extension of the element mounting cleat 155.

[0065] In certain exemplary embodiments, double torsional spring tine 120 are attached to adjacent elongated support element 112 in a staggered or alternating configuration.

[0066] Once appropriately attached or coupled to each elongated support element 112, each double torsional spring tine 120 extends radially from the elongated support element 112. In various exemplary embodiments, each elongated support element 112 extends such that a longitudinal axis of each tine finger 125 is substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the elongated support element 112 to which it is attached or coupled.

[0067] Each spring tined axial rotor 130 is comprised of at least one input shaft 135, an inlet face wear plate 142, a flighting support frame 140, a leading flight segment 144, an intermediate flight support (mounting structure between 144 & 146) 145, a trailing flight segment 146, a rotor nose core 132, one or more helical element series 150, one or more main rotor cores 133, and a plurality of double torsional spring tine rotor elements 156.

[0068] In various exemplary, nonlimiting embodiments, the longitudinal axis of at least one of the axial rotors 130 may optionally be arranged so as to be parallel to the longitudinal axis of one or more additional axial rotors 130 (i.e., such that the longitudinal axes of the axial rotors 130 do not intersect, if extended). Alternatively, the longitudinal axis of at least one of the axial rotors 130 may optionally be arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of one or more additional axial rotors 130. The longitudinal axis of at least one of the axial rotors 130 is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of one or more additional axial rotors 130 if the longitudinal axes of the axial rotors 130 would intersect, if extended.

[0069] Thus, it should be appreciated that the axial rotors 130 may be arranged in parallel (as illustrated) or arranged such that the longitudinal axes of the axial rotors 130 diverge from one another as they move toward the rear of the harvester 10 or converge toward one another as they move toward the rear of the harvester 10.

[0070] Furthermore, the longitudinal axis of at least one of the axial rotors 130 may optionally be arranged so as to be coplanar to the longitudinal axis of one or more additional axial rotors 130. Alternatively, the longitudinal axis of at least one of the axial rotors 130 may optionally be arranged so as to be substantially coplanar to the longitudinal axis of one or more additional axial rotors 130. The longitudinal axis of at least one of the axial rotors 130 is substantially coplanar to a plane of the longitudinal axis of one or more additional axial rotors 130 if the planes of the longitudinal axes of the axial rotors 130 would intersect.

[0071] During rotation of the spring tined axial rotor 130, about the input shaft 135, the helically arranged surfaces of the leading flight segment 144, the intermediate flight support 145, the trailing flight segment 146, and the helical element series 150, causes materials that enter the spring tined axial rotor 130, via the inlet face wear plate 142, to be transitioned along the longitudinal axis of the spring tined axial rotor 130.

[0072] In various exemplary, non-limiting embodiments, as illustrated most clearly in FIGS. 12-14 the double torsional spring tine rotor elements 156 are arranged in a pattern or series of patterns (such as a helical or semi helical pattern) around each spring tined axial rotor 130. The double torsional spring tines 120 extend from the spring tined axial rotors 130 and the spring tined axial rotors 130 are spaced apart such that there is no interaction or interdigitation of adjacent or opposing double torsional spring tines 120.

[0073] As illustrated in FIGS. 18-22, the spring tined accelerator cylinder 100 is positioned such that a longitudinal axis of the spring tined accelerator cylinder 100 is substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel of the harvester. The spring tined accelerator cylinder 100 is positioned such that the longitudinal axis of the spring tined axial rotor 130 is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of any adjacent pre-conditioning preconditioning cylinders 160 positioned in front of the spring tined accelerator cylinder 100. The spring tined axial rotors 130 are positioned such that their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to the direction of motion of the harvesting device.

[0074] During use of the spring tined accelerator cylinder 100 and the spring tined axial rotor 130 within a harvester 10 for harvesting peanuts, the harvester 10 is operated to remove peanut pods from peanut vines that have been dug and windrowed. Once separated and cleaned, the peanuts are conveyed into a peanut storage basket and vine material is passed out of the harvester 10. In various exemplary embodiments, the harvester 10 is pulled and powered by a farm tractor.

[0075] As the harvester 10 is operated, a header pickup 195 of the harvester 10 lifts the peanuts and vines off of the ground. A header auger 196 of the harvester 10 feeds the peanuts and vines into the preconditioning cylinders 160. The preconditioning cylinders 160 precondition the vines into an even crop mat. One or more perforated, concave floors 170 are positioned below the preconditioning cylinders 160, such that extracted dirt can fall through the concave floors 170.

[0076] In various exemplary embodiments, adjustable overhead teeth positioned over one or more of the preconditioning cylinders 160 can be used to control the aggressiveness of the pre-conditioning performed by the action of the preconditioning cylinders 160. Once appropriately pre-conditioned, the spring tined accelerator cylinder 100 operates to feed the conditioned crop mat through the spring tined axial rotor inlet 12 of the harvester 10 and into the spring tined axial rotors 130.

[0077] The spring tined axial rotors 130 serve to perform the main threshing and initial separation of the crop. In various exemplary embodiments, extraction concaves 180 surround at least a portion of the spring tined axial rotors 130. The concaves 180 are components mounted about the axis of a cylinder or rotor (either above, below or around) which aid in crop movement as well as threshing and separating. During operation, centrifugal force generated by rotation of the spring tined axial rotors 130 separate the pods from the vines. Optional vaned top covers 190 may be utilized to promote rearward movement of the vine material. The threshed vine is discharged at the end of the spring tined axial rotors 130 and peanut pods expelled through the axial rotor extraction concaves 180 are directed onto the front of a disc separator by an oscillating slide system.

[0078] The concaves 180 may optionally be mounted so as to be stationary or so as to rotate with or relative to the spring tined axial rotors 130, as illustrated by the curved arrow in FIG. 16.

[0079] During further processing of the peanut pods, a cleaning fan agitates the material on a disc separator to aid in separation and blows light material such as leaves, immature or diseased peanuts, and other light trash over the tail board and out of the back of the harvester 10. The higher density good pods fall through the final disc separator 16 to a stemmer section, while vine material and sticks advance across the disc separator and out of the back of the harvester 10. As the good pods fall into the stemmer saws, their stems are removed. Cleaned peanuts fall into a collection auger system 14 and are conveyed into an elevator air system, which sends the cleaned peanuts to a storage bin or basket 18.

[0080] While the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses have been described in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments outlined above, the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses, as set forth above, are intended to be illustrative, not limiting, and the fundamental disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses should not be considered to be necessarily so constrained. It is evident that the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses are not limited to the particular variation set forth and many alternatives, adaptations, modifications, and/or variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0081] Furthermore, where a range of values is provided, it is understood that every intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included in the smaller ranges and is also encompassed within the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses, subject to any specifically excluded limit in the stated range. Where the stated range includes one or both of the limits, ranges excluding either or both of those included limits are also included in the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses.

[0082] It is to be understood that the phraseology of terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses belongs.

[0083] In addition, it is contemplated that any optional feature of the inventive variations described herein may be set forth and claimed independently, or in combination with any one or more of the features described herein.

[0084] Accordingly, the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments will reveal the general nature of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses, such that others may, by applying current knowledge, change, vary, modify, and/or adapt these exemplary, non-limiting embodiments for various applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses and elements or methods similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in practicing the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses. Any and all such changes, variations, modifications, and/or adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed exemplary embodiments and may be substituted without departing from the true spirit and scope of the presently disclosed systems, methods, and/or apparatuses.

[0085] Also, it is noted that as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms a, and, said, and the include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Conversely, it is contemplated that the claims may be so-drafted to require singular elements or exclude any optional element indicated to be so here in the text or drawings. This statement is intended to serve as antecedent basis for use of such exclusive terminology as solely, only, and the like in connection with the recitation of claim elements or the use of a negative claim limitation(s).