Bolt stop buffer device in gun

Abstract

A gun includes a bolt member that is disposed in a gun body so as to be movable forward and rearward, that moves rearward in response to gas pressure generated by bullet shooting so as to compress a bolt spring, and that moves forward in response to release of the compressed pressure so as to perform a bullet loading operation, and a bolt stop that stops forward movement of the bolt member. The bolt stop (31) has engagement means (36) for engaging with the bolt member which moves forward to reach the engagement means (36) after last bullet shooting, and includes buffer means (40) for buffering an impact force applied to the bolt stop due to the engagement so as to act on the bolt stop.

Claims

1. A bolt stop buffer device in a gun comprising: a bolt member that is disposed in a gun body and moves forward and rearward, wherein the bolt member moves rearward in response to a gas pressure generated by a bullet shooting so as to compress a bolt spring, and the bolt member moves forward in response to release of the compressed pressure so as to perform a bullet loading operation; and a bolt stop that stops forward movement of the bolt member, wherein the bolt stop buffer device in a gun comprises an engagement portion and an engagement pair portion for engaging with the bolt member which moves forward to reach the engagement portion and the engagement pair portion after a last bullet shooting, and wherein the bolt stop buffer device in a gun further comprises a buffer mechanism, and the buffer mechanism buffers an impact force applied to the bolt stop due to the engagement so as to act on the bolt stop, wherein a bullet absence detector is disposed in the gun body and detects an absence of a bullet to be supplied to a bullet loading chamber, wherein the bolt stop moves upward in response to a detection of the absence of the bullet to be supplied to the bullet loading chamber, which causes an engagement between the engagement portion and the engagement pair portion, wherein the buffer mechanism buffers an impact force applied when the bolt member moves forward.

2. The bolt stop buffer device in a gun according to claim 1, wherein the bullet absence detector includes a follower and a relay member for engaging the engagement portion and the engagement pair portion by causing the bolt stop to protrude into a track when the bolt member moves forward and rearward.

3. The bolt stop buffer device in a gun according to claim 1, wherein the bolt stop includes a bolt stop mechanism that receives an impact of the bolt member which moves forward to reach the bolt stop mechanism and transmits the impact to the buffer mechanism, between the bolt member and the buffer mechanism, and wherein the buffer mechanism includes an elastic member that is a buffer spring and elastically deformed by the transmitted impact.

4. The bolt stop buffer device in a gun according to claim 3, wherein a long hole is formed on the bolt stop in a forward-rearward direction, a shaft is disposed on the gun body side and relatively moves from a front end to a rear end of the long hole, and the bolt stop moves in a range of the long hole and is rotatable around the shaft.

5. The bolt stop buffer device in a gun according to claim 1, wherein the engagement portion is disposed in the bolt member and the engagement pair portion is disposed in the bolt stop, and the engagement portion and the engagement pair portion configure an acute angle in a forward movement direction of the bolt member.

6. The bolt stop buffer device in a gun according to claim 2, wherein the engagement portion is disposed in the bolt member and the engagement pair portion is disposed in the bolt stop, and the engagement portion and the engagement pair portion configure an acute angle in a forward movement direction of the bolt member.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view for describing an example of an assault rifle to which a bolt stop buffer device is applied in a gun according to the present invention.

(2) FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are enlarged views illustrating a main portion of the device, FIG. 2A is a longitudinal sectional view for describing the main portion, and FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line IIB-IIB in FIG. 2A.

(3) FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B relate to an operation of the device, FIG. 3A is a longitudinal sectional view for describing a state before last bullet shooting, and FIG. 3B is a longitudinal sectional view for describing a state where a bolt member intermediately moves rearward after the last bullet shooting.

(4) FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B also relate to an operation of the device, FIG. 4A is a sectional view for describing a state where the bolt member moves rearward to the maximum, and FIG. 4B is a sectional view for describing a state where the bolt member starts to move forward.

(5) FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B relate to an operation of the device, FIG. 5A is a sectional view for describing a state indicating a forward movement position of a bolt stop member, and FIG. 5B is a sectional view for describing a state where the bolt stop member is move rearward in a range of a long hole by a buffer spring.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

(6) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference an illustrated embodiment. A bolt stop buffer device in a gun according to the present invention is applicable to various guns having a bolt stop which stops a bolt member. The illustrated embodiment relates to an assault rifle, and includes configurations which are indispensable for detailed description of the present invention.

(7) A gun G illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a shooting device 10 for shooting a bullet in a gun body, and includes a barrel portion 11 disposed in a front portion of the shooting device 10, a movable body portion 21 for a blowback bolt carrier 15 which is disposed in a rear portion of the shooting device 10, and a magazine loading unit 26 disposed in a lower portion of the shooting device 10, respectively. A rear portion of the barrel portion 11 has a bullet loading chamber 12 in which a cartridge C having a bullet (warhead) B is loaded, and a front portion of the barrel portion 11 has an outlet 13 for removing gas generated by bullet shooting from the inside of the barrel. The bullet in a case where bullet loading is referred means a so-called ball cartridge (live cartridge) which is integrated with the cartridge C before shooting.

(8) One end side of a gas tube 14 disposed outside the barrel is connected to the above-described outlet 13, and the other end side of the gas tube 14 extends rearward to reach the inside of the gun body. The gas tube 14 is disposed so as to be connectable to and detachable from a front end portion of a bolt carrier key 16 which is movable forward and rearward integrally with a bolt carrier 15. As described above, the bolt carrier 15 is disposed on the gun body side so as to be movable forward and rearward. The bolt carrier 15 moves rearward in response to gas pressure generated by bullet shooting so as to compress a bolt spring 24, and moves forward in response to release of the compressed pressure so as to perform a bullet loading operation.

(9) The bolt carrier 15 has a longitudinally elongated and substantially rod-shaped form, and a bolt 20 is disposed in a shaft core portion of the rod-shaped form so as to be movable forward and rearward. The bolt carrier key 16 communicates via a duct 17 with a cylindrical bore 18 in which the bolt 20 moves forward and rearward. Gas generated by the bullet shooting is guided rearward of a piston-shaped pressure receiving portion 19 of the bolt 20 which slides inside the bore 18. A firing pin (firing pin, refer to FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B) 20a which hits a blasting cap of the cartridge C is incorporated in the shaft core portion of the bolt 20 so as to be movable forward and rearward. In the present embodiment, the bolt carrier 15 having the bolt 20 incorporated therein is called a bolt member. A structure of the bolt employs various types other than the illustrated structure. The present invention is applicable to any type of the gun, as long as the bolt moves rearward in response to the gas pressure generated by the bullet shooting so as to compress the bolt spring and moves forward in response to the release of the compressed pressure so as to perform the bullet loading operation.

(10) A movable body portion 21 is disposed in the rear of the bolt carrier 15, and the movable body portion 21 has a casing 22 attached to the gun body and a movable shaft 23 disposed therein. The movable shaft 23 is disposed inside the casing 22 so as to be movable forward and rearward, and is configured to be connected to a rear end of the bolt carrier 15 in a shaft head 23 a. In the drawing, the reference numeral 24 represents a bolt spring, and the bolt spring 24 biases the movable shaft 23 in a forward movement direction, thereby finally bringing the bolt carrier 15 in a shooting preparation state. In addition, the bolt spring 24 functions as means for relaxing recoil shock by receiving the bolt carrier 15 during a rearward movement operation.

(11) A trigger mechanism to be included in the gun according to the present invention is common to that of the assault rifle, and the operation is also the same as the general operation. Accordingly, a schematic configuration will be described below, and detailed description will be no longer continued. That is, a configuration is adopted as follows. The reference numeral 25 represents a trigger for the operation. Through the operation, a locked state of a hammer (not illustrated) is released, thereby hitting the above-described firing pin (firing pin) 20a. According to this configuration, the blasting cap of the bullet loaded in the bullet loading chamber 12 is hit, thereby leading to the bullet shooting.

(12) A magazine 30 is located in a lower portion of the shooting device 10. The magazine 30 is detachably attached to the magazine loading unit 26 disposed in the lower portion of the gun body. The ball cartridge is supported by a follower 27 incorporated therein, and is pressed up to an empty space 29 (refer to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B) in the rear of the bullet loading chamber illustrated in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B and subsequent drawing by the follower spring 28.

(13) The bolt stop buffer device in the gun according to the present invention is illustrated in detail as an embodiment in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B. The bolt stop buffer device according to the embodiment has a configuration including the bolt carrier 15 which is compressed by the gun operation so as to move forward in response to the release of the bolt spring 24, and the bolt stop 31 which stops the above-described forward moving bolt carrier 15. Particularly, the embodiment has a configuration in which the operation of the bullet absence detection means 33 causes the bolt stop 31 to protrude into a track X in which the bolt carrier 15 moves forward and rearward. The configuration is adopted so that the impact applied when the bolt carrier 15 moving forward and the bolt stop 31 collide with each other is absorbed using the buffer means 40.

(14) The above-described follower 27 fulfills a role of detecting that the last bullet B is shot. That is, the follower 27 is installed inside the magazine 30, and rises as the follower spring 28 compressed by the bullet (ball cartridge) is stretched by a resilient force thereof. The follower 27 hits the lower side of the bolt carrier 15, and stops. Thereafter, if the bullet B is shot and the bolt carrier 15 moves rearward, the follower 27 rises. The follower 27 engages with a relay member 32 connected to the bolt stop 31 in a rear end portion 27a. Therefore, the follower 27 and the relay member 32 configure the bullet absence detection means 33.

(15) A rear end portion 27a of the follower 27 engages with and presses up one end portion 32a in the relay member 32 with the bolt stop 31, and causes the bolt stop 31 to protrude into the track X in which the bolt carrier 15 moves forward and rearward. The follower 27 and the relay member 32 configure a link mechanism for allowing the bullet absence detection means 33 and the bolt stop 31 to communicate with each other.

(16) The above-described relay member 32 engages with the bolt stop 31 configuring a bolt stop mechanism 35. That is, the other end portion 32b of the relay member 32 engages with the bolt stop 31 in a groove-shaped engagement portion 31a. Therefore, if bullet absence is detected by the bullet absence detection means 33, bullet absence information indicating that the bullets B to be loaded in the bullet loading chamber 12 are all shot is sequentially transmitted to the bolt stop 31 by the bullet absence detection means 33.

(17) Referring to FIG. 2B, the relay member 32 is illustrated as a member extending to the left and right of the gun body. The relay member 32 is pivotally supported in the gun body by a shaft 32c disposed on the left side of the gun body, and is disposed so that a right side portion (crank-shaped portion in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B) is movable upward and downward by the rotation around the shaft. In addition, the relay member 32 has an operation unit 32d appearing on the left side of the gun body in the upper portion of the shaft 32c. A spring 32e is operated in the lower portion thereof, thereby causing the relay member 32 to return to a fixed position. In this manner, the bolt stop 31 (to be described later) is pressed down.

(18) A long hole 31b is formed in a forward-rearward direction of the bolt stop 31, and the bolt stop 31 is pivotally supported on the gun body side by the shaft 34 so as to be capable of oscillating. Therefore, the bolt stop 31 is movable as much as a stroke amount inside the long hole 31b, and is rotatable around the shaft 34. As a result of this configuration, the link mechanism causes the engagement pair portion 31c side of the bolt stop 31 to rise via the relay member 32, and enables the bolt stop 31 to protrude into the track X in which the bolt carrier 15 moves forward and rearward.

(19) The bolt carrier 15 is disposed in the engagement portion 15a as one engagement means 36, and this engagement portion 15a is configured so as to be capable of engaging with an engagement pair portion 31c disposed in the above-described bolt stop 31 as the other engagement means 36 (refer to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B). In particular, the engagement portion 15a and the engagement pair portion 31c according to the embodiment are disposed to serve as inclined portions configuring an acute angle in the forward movement direction of the bolt carrier 15. In a configuration in which the bolt stop 31 is pivotally supported by the shaft 34 in the long hole 31b in the forward-rearward direction, the inclination of the engagement portion 15a and the engagement pair portion 31c can eliminate unstable engagement which may occur in a case where the engagement portion 15a and the engagement pair portion 31c is set to form a right angle. Forming the engagement means 36 to have the acute angle in the forward movement direction is merely one means in this embodiment. If the conditions for the engagement between the bolt carrier 15 and the bolt stop 31, for example, mass, speed, and a material of the members involved in the engagement are different from each other, a form of using a right angle or an obtuse angle may be selected within a conceivable range.

(20) The buffer means 40 acts on the bolt stop 31. The buffer means 40 according to the embodiment has a buffer link 37, a buffer shaft 39 incorporated in the buffer link 37 so as to be movable to an attachment portion 38 on the gun body side in the forward-rearward direction, and a buffer spring 41 which pressurizes the buffer shaft 39 forward. The above-described buffer link 37 is pivotally supported on the gun body side by the shaft 37b so as to be capable of oscillating. One end engages with a front engagement portion 31d of the bolt stop 31, and the other end engages with the tip of the buffer shaft 39. Accordingly, at the time of the collision caused by the forward movement of the bolt carrier 15, the impact applied by the bolt stop 31 moving in a gunpoint direction is transmitted to and absorbed by the buffer means 40.

(21) The relay member 32 and the bolt stop 31 are arrayed side by side in a direction from the gunpoint toward the gunstock. Accordingly, when moving forward, the bolt carrier 15 collides with the bolt stop 31 of the bolt stop mechanism 35. However, the relay member 32 has a structure which does not come into contact with the bolt carrier 15, and has a structure which comes into contact with the bolt stop 31 even if the bolt stop 31 moves to the maximum. Accordingly, the relay member 32 does not come into direct contact with the relay member 32. The bolt stop 31 engages with the shaft 34 in the long hole 31b. Accordingly, the bolt stop 31 is movable in the maximum length range of the long hole 31b. When the bolt stop 31 moves to the maximum, the other end portion 32b of the relay member 32 is brought into a state of further entering a groove portion 31a of the bolt stop 31.

(22) With regard to the bolt stop buffer device in the gun according to the present invention configured in this way, FIG. 3A illustrates a state before the last bullet (ball cartridge) is finally shot in the bullet loading unit 12. If the bullet B is shot by operating a trigger 25, the barrel is fully filled with gas generated by the bullet shooting, and the pressure flows from the gas tube 14 into the bore 18 of the bolt carrier 15. The bolt carrier 15 is moved rearward, thereby performing a so-called discharge operation in which the bolt spring 24 is compressed and the cartridge C is pulled out from the bullet loading chamber 12 (FIG. 3B).

(23) If there is no more bullet (ball cartridge) in the magazine 30, the bolt carrier 15 moves rearward to the maximum rearward movement position (FIG. 4A). In the magazine 30, the resilient force the follower spring 28 causes the follower 27 to be pressed up to the empty space 29 near the rear portion of the bullet loading unit 12, and the follower 27 reaches the highest position. As the follower 27 rises, a pressing-up force acts on the relay member 32 engaging with the rear end portion 27a of the follower 27 in one end portion 32a.

(24) The relay member 32 engages with the bolt stop 31 in the other end portion 32b and the groove portion 31a. If the rising of the follower 27 is transmitted, the bolt stop 31 is rotated around the shaft 34, and is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 4A. As a result, the engagement pair portion 31c located in the upper portion of the bolt stop 31 protrudes into the track X.

(25) After the bolt carrier 15 moves rearward to the maximum rearward movement position, the bolt carrier 15 is caused to move forward by a released accumulation force of the bolt spring 24. The engagement portion 15a disposed as one engagement means 36 in the bolt carrier 15 engages with the engagement pair portion 31c disposed in the above-described bolt stop 31 as the other engagement means 36 (FIG. 4B).

(26) If the bolt carrier 15 further moves forward, the bolt stop 31 is carried forward by the engagement means 36. Accordingly, the position of the shaft 34 is changed so as to relatively move from the front end to the rear end of the long hole 31b (FIG. 5A). While the bolt stop 31 moves as described above, the bolt stop 31 presses the buffer link 37 engaging with the front engagement portion 31d against one end portion, and the other end portion presses the tip portion of the buffer shaft 39 engaging therewith against the elastic force of the buffer spring 41. Therefore, the impact applied by the bolt stop 31 moving in the gunpoint direction is absorbed by the buffer means 40 during the collision caused by the forward movement of the bolt carrier 15, and the bolt carrier 15 is gently stopped.

(27) Subsequently, the bolt stop 31 is pressed rearward by the elastic force of the buffer spring 41, and the bolt carrier 15 also moves rearward to the position in FIG. 4B, thereby completing the operation of the buffer device (FIG. 5B). Furthermore, a magazine attachment/detachment device is operated so as to replace the magazine. The operation unit 32d of the relay member 32 is pressed or the bolt carrier 15 is moved rearward using a charging handle (not illustrated). In this manner, the front portion of the bolt stop 31 is lowered, and the engagement means 36 is disengaged. As a result, the bullet (ball cartridge) is reloaded, and the gun chamber is brought into a closed state.

(28) In the bolt stop buffer device in the gun according to the present invention, the bolt stop 31 which stops the bolt carrier 15 is indirectly buffered by the buffer means 40, and the damage is prevented. In this manner, the gun can be protected so that sudden malfunction does not occur. In addition, the device according to the present invention maintains a function to detect the bullet absence indicating that the bullets B are all shot, and to replace and reload the magazine.

(29) The operation of the bolt stop buffer device according to the present invention is performed as described above. Even in a case of general guns such as the assault rifle, the bullet is reloaded by replacing the magazine, and the bolt carrier 15 is operated by operating a handle (not illustrated). In this manner, the bullet is loaded, and the gun chamber is closed. Accordingly, there is no difference between the general guns and the gun to which the device according to the present invention is applied. Therefore, the device according to the present invention can be incorporated into the existing guns, and thus, it is possible to buffer the impact of the bolt when the gun is operated.