ELECTRIC PUBLIC TRANSPORT LAND VEHICLE, PROVIDED WITH BATTERY PROTECTION COVER(S)

Abstract

An electric public transport land vehicle, in particular of the bus, coach or tyred tram type, including at least one rechargeable electrical energy storage module arranged in a peripheral panel of the vehicle, and having, for at least one electrical energy storage module, a protective cover equipped with at least one evacuation opening allowing smoke and/or flame and/or gas to escape in a direction away from the vehicle in the event of fire in the module.

Claims

1. An electric public transport land vehicle, in particular of the bus or coach or tyred tram type, comprising: at least one rechargeable electrical energy storage module arranged in a peripheral panel of said vehicle; for at least one electrical energy storage module, a protective cover equipped with at least one evacuation opening for allowing smoke and/or flame and/or gas to escape, in a direction away from the vehicle, in the event of fire in said module.

2. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one said protective cover of a module has a shape folded on at least two of its sides, in particular a U shape, so as to cover a first face of said module, turned towards the outside of said vehicle, and at least a portion of two faces of said module adjacent to said first face.

3. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that for at least one said protective cover, at least one evacuation opening is equipped with a fixed louvre.

4. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that for at least one said protective cover, at least one evacuation opening is equipped with a louvre that is mobile in rotation.

5. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one opening of the protective cover is directed in a direction forming an angle greater than or equal to 30 with respect to the peripheral panel, and in particular an angle comprised between 30 and 60, and even more particularly an angle equal to 45.

6. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one module is placed in the upper panel of said vehicle, the protective cover being placed above said module.

7. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one evacuation opening of at least one said protective cover is directed in a direction away from a panel of the vehicle comprising the doors for passengers to board and get off a passenger compartment of said vehicle.

8. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one electric/electronic management box for at least one storage module, positioned on the periphery of said at least one storage module, at least one evacuation opening of the protective cover being directed in a direction away from said at least one electric/electronic management box.

9. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one electric/electronic management box for at least one storage module, positioned on the periphery of said at least one storage module, at least one said protective cover extending between said at least one management box and at least one storage module.

10. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one module is placed in a rear panel of said vehicle, the protective cover being placed in front of said module, viewed from the rear panel.

11. The vehicle according to the claim 10, characterized in that at least one evacuation opening of one said protective cover is directed downwards.

12. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises several adjacent storage modules aligned in a given direction.

13. The vehicle according to the claim 12, characterized in that it comprises, at least between two adjacent modules, at least one fire-resistant protection plate placed between said adjacent modules.

14. The vehicle according to the claim 13, characterized in that it comprises, at least between two adjacent modules, two fire-resistant protection plates placed between said adjacent modules, and placed at a distance from each other, in the given direction.

15. The vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises an individual said protective cover for at least one, in particular each, adjacent module.

16. The vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises none said protective cover common to at least two, in particular to all, of said adjacent modules.

17. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one said protective cover is made of sheet metal, in particular of steel.

18. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises, for at least one storage module, a receptacle, in the form of a tray, in which said storage module is placed, at least one said protective cover being fastened to said receptacle.

19. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one said protective cover is rotary.

20. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one rechargeable electrical energy storage module comprises one or more supercapacitor(s).

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES AND EMBODIMENTS

[0075] Other advantages and characteristics will become apparent on examination of the detailed description of an embodiment which is in no way limitative, and the attached drawings, in which:

[0076] FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a non-(imitative example of an electric vehicle according to the invention;

[0077] FIG. 2 is a partial diagrammatic representation of the upper panel of the vehicle in FIG. 1, in a top view;

[0078] FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation in an exploded view of a storage module of the vehicle in FIG. 1 and of its protective cover;

[0079] FIGS. 4a and 4b are very diagrammatic and very simplified representations of a storage module equipped with a protective cover, in a side view;

[0080] FIGS. 5 and 6 are partial diagrammatic representations, in cross section, of the rear portion of the vehicle in FIG. 1; and

[0081] FIG. 7 is a partial diagrammatic representation, in an isometric exploded view from above, of the rear portion of the vehicle in FIG. 1.

[0082] It is well understood that the embodiments that will be described below are in no way limitative. In particular, it is possible to imagine variants of the invention comprising only a selection of the characteristics described hereinafter, in isolation from the other characteristics described, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention with respect to the state of the prior art. This selection comprises at least one, preferably functional, characteristic without structural details, or with only a part of the structural details if this part alone is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention with respect to the state of the prior art.

[0083] In the figures, elements common to several figures retain the same reference.

[0084] FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation, in a side view, of a non-limitative embodiment of a vehicle according to the invention.

[0085] The vehicle 100 shown in FIG. 1 is an electric bus.

[0086] The electric bus 100 contains an upper panel 102, a rear panel 104, a front panel 106, two side panels, of which only the side panel 108 is shown in FIG. 1, and a lower panel 110.

[0087] The electric bus 100 contains one or more electric motors (not shown) making it possible to set said bus in motion.

[0088] The bus 100 comprises four electrical energy storage modules 112.sub.1-112.sub.4, called upper modules, placed in a housing arranged in the upper panel 102 of the bus 100. In the example shown in FIG. 1, each upper storage module 112 is placed in the upper panel and substantially centred with respect to the side panels in the widthwise direction of the bus 100. The upper storage modules 112 are aligned behind one another in the longitudinal direction of the bus, at a distance from the front 106 and rear 104 panels, a little nearer to the front panel 106.

[0089] Each upper storage module 112 is fully incorporated in the thickness of the upper panel 102 so that none of the upper storage modules 112 projects from the upper panel 102, and more specifically from the upper face of the upper panel 102. The upper face of the upper panel 102 is thus smooth and has no element or shape that might create air resistance when the bus 100 is in motion.

[0090] The bus 100 also comprises four electrical energy storage modules 114.sub.1-114.sub.4, called rear modules, placed in a housing arranged in the rear panel 104 of the bus 100. In the example shown in FIG. 1, each rear storage module 114 is placed in the rear panel and substantially centred with respect to the side panels in the widthwise direction of the bus. The rear storage modules 114 are aligned above one another in the vertical direction.

[0091] Each storage module 112 and 114 can contain one or more batteries, one or more supercapacitor(s), etc., and more generally utilize any electrical energy storage technology, and preferentially LMP batteries.

[0092] The bus 100 comprises doors 116, arranged in the side panel 108, and making it possible for passengers to get on and off the bus 100. The side panel 108 is that which is located on the pavement side.

[0093] Of course, the number of storage modules is not restricted to 8 and can be greater than or equal to 1. In particular, the number of storage modules corresponds to the maximum number of electrical energy storage modules which depends in particular on the weight of the vehicle and the operating range judged sufficient for the operation of the vehicle.

[0094] FIG. 2 is a partial diagrammatic representation, in a top view, of the upper panel of the vehicle in FIG. 1, without an outer trim element of said panel.

[0095] As shown in FIG. 2, each upper module 112.sub.1-112.sub.4 is placed in an individual housing, independent of the other modules 112.sub.1-112.sub.4.

[0096] Each module 112.sub.1-112.sub.4 is equipped with an individual protective cover, 202.sub.1-202.sub.4 respectively, placed above each module 112.sub.1-112.sub.4. Thus, each protective cover 202.sub.1-202.sub.4 of an upper storage module 112.sub.1-112.sub.4 can be removed individually from the other protective covers.

[0097] Each protective cover 202.sub.1-202.sub.4 contains openings for smoke and/or flames and/or gas to escape, each equipped with fixed louvres 204. Each louvre 204 of each cover 202 is orientated at an angle of 45 with respect to the general plane formed by the protective cover 202, or the general plane of the upper panel 102. In addition, each louvre 204 is orientated towards the side panel opposite to the side panel 108 which contains the doors 116 for getting on and off, so that the smoke and/or flames and/or gas are directed away from the panel 108. Thus, in the event of fire in one of the upper storage modules 112, passengers can get off the vehicle in less dangerous conditions, and will be less, if at all, exposed to the smoke/flames/gas when getting off the vehicle 100.

[0098] Each protective cover 202 can be made of sheet metal, preferably of steel, or of a fire-resistant mineral material.

[0099] In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 2, the protective cover 202 of an upper storage module 112 only covers the upper storage module 112 and leaves access to an electric/electronic management box of the associated storage module 112, 206.sub.1-206.sub.4 respectively, placed on the periphery of each module 112.sub.1-112.sub.4. In addition, the louvres 204 are directed in a direction away from the boxes 206, so that the latter are protected in the event of fire in one of the storage modules 112.

[0100] As shown in FIG. 2, fire-resistant protection plates 208.sub.1-208.sub.6 are placed between the storage modules 112.sub.1-112.sub.4.

[0101] In particular, two fire-resistant protection plates 208.sub.1 and 208.sub.2 are placed between the modules 112.sub.1 and 112.sub.2 at a distance from each other. The protection plate 208.sub.1 is located on the side of the storage module 112.sub.1 and is fastened to the compartment in which said module 112.sub.1 is located and the protection plate 208.sub.2 is located on the side of the storage module 112.sub.2 and is fastened to the compartment in which said module 112.sub.2 is located.

[0102] Two fire-resistant protection plates 208.sub.3 and 208.sub.4 are placed between the modules 112.sub.2 and 112.sub.3 at a distance from each other. The protection plate 208.sub.3 is located on the side of the storage module 112.sub.2 and is fastened to the compartment in which said module 112.sub.2 is located and the protection plate 208.sub.4 is located on the side of the storage module 112.sub.3 and is fastened to the compartment in which said module 112.sub.3 is located.

[0103] Two fire-resistant protective plate 208.sub.5 and 208.sub.6 are placed between the modules 112.sub.3 and 112.sub.4 at a distance from each other. The protection plate 208.sub.5 is located on the side of the storage module 112.sub.3 and is fastened to the compartment in which said module 112.sub.3 is located and the protection plate 208.sub.6 is located on the side of the storage module 112.sub.4 and is fastened to the compartment in which said module 112.sub.4 is located.

[0104] Each of the protection plates 208.sub.1-208.sub.6 forms a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction in which the modules 112.sub.1-112.sub.4 are aligned. Each protection plate 208.sub.1-208.sub.6 rises to the upper level of each storage module 112.sub.1-112.sub.4. Each protection plate 208.sub.1-208.sub.6 is preferably made of sheet metal.

[0105] FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation in an exploded view of an upper storage module and of its protective cover.

[0106] The storage module 112 can be any one of the upper storage modules 112.sub.1-112.sub.4 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Similarly, the protective cover 202 can be any one of the protective covers 202.sub.1-202.sub.4 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0107] As shown in FIG. 3, the protective cover 202 of the upper module 112 has a cross-section in the shape of a U, so as to protect the upper face of the module 112, but also at least a portion of the two opposite side faces of the module 112.

[0108] The protective cover 202 is positioned in a transversal direction of the vehicle 100, so that each leg of the protective cover 202 in the shape of a U, i.e. each leg of the U, is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 100. As a result, each leg of the protective cover 202 protects a face of the upper module 112 in the transversal direction of the vehicle 100.

[0109] The protective cover 202 is fastened to a receptacle 302 in the form of a tray open at the top, and in which the storage module 112 is placed, by fastening rods 304.

[0110] FIGS. 4a and 4b are very diagrammatic and very simplified representations of an upper storage module 112 equipped with its protective cover 202, shown in FIG. 3.

[0111] FIG. 4a is a diagrammatic representation in cross-section along the line AA in FIG. 3, and FIG. 4b is a representation in an isometric view from the side.

[0112] The protective cover 202 has a general U shape, which covers the upper storage module 112 over its upper face and over a portion of its side faces. The protective cover 202 covers, at least in part, the side faces of the storage module 112 which, in use, are located on the side of the other adjacent storage modules, i.e. the side faces of the storage module 112 perpendicular to the direction in which the storage modules 112 are aligned.

[0113] Thus, the protective cover 202 makes it possible to channel smoke, flames and/or gas, and, more generally, the fire in the storage module 112, towards the evacuation openings 402 equipped with louvres 204.

[0114] The louvres 204 are directed at an angle, for example of 45, and make it possible for the smoke/flames/gas due to a fire to escape in a direction posing the least danger for pedestrians and people getting off the vehicle, or more generally near to the vehicle.

[0115] The protective cover 202 contains, for example, ten louvres 204 directed, for example, at an angle of 45, and which make it possible for the smoke/flames/gas caused by a fire to escape in a direction posing the least danger for pedestrians and people getting off the vehicle, or more generally near to the vehicle.

[0116] FIG. 5 is a partial diagrammatic representation, in cross-section, of the rear panel of the vehicle in FIG. 1.

[0117] As shown in FIG. 5, each rear module 114.sub.1-114.sub.4 is placed in an individual housing, independent of the other modules 114.sub.1-114.sub.4. Each individual housing is in the form of a rack.

[0118] In the example shown in FIG. 5, the storage modules 114.sub.1-114.sub.4 are aligned in a vertical direction.

[0119] The rear panel 104 contains one or more protective covers 502. Each protective cover 502 is placed vertically in front of the rear storage modules 114.sub.1-114.sub.4, substantially over the full height of the four rear storage modules 114.sub.1-114.sub.4.

[0120] The, or each, protective cover 502 contains louvres 504. Each louvre 504 is positioned on the periphery of an opening allowing the smoke/flames/gas to escape and is directed downwards at an angle of 45 with respect to the general plane formed by the protective cover 502 or the rear panel 104. Thus, in the event of fire, the smoke/flames/gas are directed downwards, i.e. towards the ground, which makes it possible to better protect the people/objects located around the vehicle 100.

[0121] Each protective cover 502 can be made of sheet metal or of a fire-resistant mineral material.

[0122] Each protective cover 502 is fastened to the frame of the vehicle, and in particular to the housings in which the rear modules 114 are positioned, for example by screws or bolts.

[0123] A trim element 508 of the rear face of the vehicle 100 is placed in front of the, or of each, protective cover 502.

[0124] FIG. 6 is a detailed diagrammatic representation of the area referenced 510 in FIG. 5.

[0125] In addition, the vehicle comprises, between each adjacent storage module 114.sub.1-114.sub.2 a plate 512 for protecting against fire in order to avoid the spread of a fire from a storage module to the adjacent storage module or towards the passenger compartment. Thus, a protection plate 512.sub.1 is placed above the storage module 114.sub.1, a protection plate 512.sub.2 is placed between the storage modules 114.sub.1 and 114.sub.2, a protection plate 512.sub.3 is placed between the storage modules 114.sub.2 and 114.sub.3 and a protection plate 512.sub.4 is placed between the storage modules 114.sub.3 and 114.sub.4.

[0126] Each of the protection plates 512 forms a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction in which the modules 114.sub.1-114.sub.4 are aligned. Each protection plate 512.sub.1-512.sub.4 is made of sheet metal.

[0127] Furthermore, each protection plate 512 covers, at least in part, the side face of a storage module 114 located on the side of the passenger compartment. Thus, the protection plate 512.sub.1 covers at least in part the side face of the storage module 114.sub.1 located on the side of the passenger compartment, the protection plate 512.sub.2 covers at least in part the lateral face of the storage module 114.sub.2 located on the side of the passenger compartment, and so on.

[0128] FIG. 7 is a partial diagrammatic representation, in an isometric exploded view from above, of the rear portion of the vehicle 100 in FIG. 1.

[0129] As shown in FIG. 7, the vehicle 100 comprises two protective covers 502.sub.1 and 502.sub.2 for the rear modules 114.sub.1-114.sub.4. Each protective cover 502.sub.1 and 502.sub.2 is common to the four rear modules 114.sub.1-114.sub.4. Each protective cover 502.sub.1 and 502.sub.2 extends substantially over: [0130] the full height of the modules 114.sub.1-114.sub.4, in the heightwise direction of the vehicle 100; and [0131] a portion of the width of the modules 114.sub.1-114.sub.4, in the widthwise direction of the vehicle 100.

[0132] Each protective cover 502 contains four series of evacuation openings 506 (FIG. 5). Each series of evacuation openings is placed facing a rear storage module 114. Each evacuation opening 506 of each series is equipped with a louvre 504 inclined downwards at an angle of 45.

[0133] The protective covers 502.sub.1 and 502.sub.2 are fastened to the frame of the vehicle 100 by a framework 702.

[0134] Each protective cover 502.sub.1-502.sub.2 is arranged on the framework 702 rotatively about a vertical shaft, 704.sub.1 and 704.sub.2 respectively, so that each cover 502.sub.1-502.sub.2 can be opened in order to access the rear storage modules 114.

[0135] Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples detailed above. For example, the invention is not limited to buses and can for example be applied to tyred trams, to coaches and to other public transport vehicles.

[0136] In addition, the vehicle according to the invention can comprise at least one means of holding at least one cover in the open position.

[0137] Moreover, the number and the position of the storage modules is not limitative. In particular, the number of storage modules corresponds to the maximum number of electrical energy storage modules which depends in particular on the weight of the vehicle and the operating range judged sufficient for the operation of the vehicle.