Pillar for supporting a modular structure, beam intended to be supported on pillars of this type, and structure comprising said pillars and beams

Abstract

Precast concrete column (1) for the support of structural modular floor, preferably dry assembled, comprising in its upper part a capital for the support (2) of beams (3), having the support capital (2) a square or quadrangular plan in such a way that four sides (21, 22, 23, 24) are defined for the support of the beams (3), in which each of the sides (21, 22, 23, 24) comprises concave recesses (4) of sides parallel to the axis of the beams (3) that define convex protrusions (5) which sides comprise bearing surfaces (6) such that when laying a beam (3), which ends are complementary to said recesses (4), the bearing forces have directions contained in a plane (41, 42, 43, 44) perpendicular to the axis of the beam (3), having said directions a horizontal component. The invention also refers to a beam complementary to this column and to slab segments, as well as to a structure provided with said columns, said beams and optionally also said slab segments.

Claims

1. Precast concrete column (1) for the support of structural modular floor, dry assembled, comprising on its upper part a capital for the support (2) of beams (3), having the support capital (2) a square or quadrangular plan in such a way that four sides (21, 22, 23, 24) are defined for the support of the beams (3), wherein each of the sides (21, 22, 23, 24) comprises concave recesses (4) of sides parallel to the axis of the beams (3) that define convex protrusions (5) which sides comprise bearing surfaces (6) such that when laying a beam (3), which ends are complementary to said recesses (4), the bearing forces have directions contained in a plane (41, 42, 43, 44) that is perpendicular to the axis of the beam (3), said directions having a horizontal component.

2. Column according to claim 1, in which the concave recesses (4) are triangular or trapezoidal.

3. Column according to claim 1 in which the support capital includes passing through duct segments (11) in such a way that they allow threading the post-tensioning tendons.

4. Column according to claim 1, comprising at least two recesses (4).

5. Column according to claim 1 in which all four sides (21, 22, 23, 24) for the support of beams (3) comprise a protruding flap (14) in its bottom side intended to contain the grouting of the joints between the beams and the column.

6. Rectangular or quadrangular plan precast wide beam (3) made of prestressed concrete for modular structural floor, dry assembled, in such a way that four sides (31, 32, 33, 34) are defined, two of them being end sides (31, 33) for bearing the columns (1), wherein each of the end sides (31, 33) comprises convex recesses (7) of sides parallel to the axis of the beam that comprise bearing surfaces (8) such that, when laying the beam (3) on a bearing capital (2) of a column (1) provided with protrusions (5) complementary to said recesses (7), the bearing forces have directions contained in a plane (41, 42, 43, 44) perpendicular to the axis of the beam (3), said directions having a horizontal component.

7. Beam (3) according to claim 6, wherein an axis of the beam is parallel to the long sides (32, 34) in which at least one of the long sides (32, 34) comprises concave recesses (9) of sides parallel to an axis of a slab segment (12) that comprise bearing surfaces (10) such that, when laying on the beam (3) the slab segments (12), which ends are complementary to said recesses (9), the bearing forces have directions contained in a plane (41, 43) perpendicular to the axis of the slab segments (12), said directions having a horizontal component.

8. Beam according to claim 6 that includes passing through duct segments (11) in such a way that they allow the threading of the post-tensioning tendons.

9. Beam according to claim 6 in which one or two of its long side(s) comprise in its (their) bottom side a protruding flap (106, 108) intended to contain the grouting of the joints between the slab segments and the beam.

10. Structure (50) composed by at least two columns (1) according to claim 1, and at least one beam (3) made of prestressed concrete for modular structural floor, dry assembled, in such a way that four sides (31, 32, 33, 34) are defined, two of them being end sides (31, 33) for bearing the columns (1), wherein each of the end sides (31, 33) comprises convex recesses (7) of sides parallel to the axis of the beam that comprise bearing surfaces (8) such that, when laying the beam (3) on a bearing capital (2) of a column (1) provided with protrusions (5) complementary to said recesses (7), the bearing forces have directions contained in a plane (41, 42, 43, 44) perpendicular to the axis of the beam (3), said directions having a horizontal component.

11. Structure according to claim 10, comprising slab segments (12) provided with convex recesses (13) for support over the long sides (32, 34) of the beams.

12. Structure according to claim 11 in which the slab segments (12) include passing through duct segments (11) in such a way that they allow the threading of the post-tensioning tendons.

13. Structure according to claim 11 in which the bottom sides of the slab segments (12) comprise protruding flaps (106, 108) intended to contain the grouting of the joints between the slab segments or with the beams parallel to them.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

(1) For a better comprehension of what has been exposed, drawings have been added in which, schematically and only as a non-limitative example, a practical case of embodiment is represented.

(2) FIG. 1 is a perspective view that shows a column with concave recesses of concrete according to the invention.

(3) FIG. 2 is a plan view of the capital of the column.

(4) FIG. 3 is an elevation of the column.

(5) FIG. 4 is a plan view of an assembly of columns, beams and slab segments.

(6) FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an assembly of columns, beams and slab segments.

(7) FIGS. 6 and 7 show main beams with concave recesses of concrete according to the invention.

(8) FIG. 8 shows the end side of a main beam in detail, with convex protrusions of concrete.

(9) FIG. 9 shows a section of a lightweight slab segment with double-T section.

(10) FIG. 10 shows a slab segment.

(11) FIGS. 11, 12, 13 and 14 show the four main stages of erection of the main elements of the structure.

(12) FIG. 15 shows variants of the section of the recesses.

(13) FIG. 16 is a perspective view that shows a column with rigid flaps according to the invention.

(14) FIG. 17 is a plan view of the capital of the column with rigid flaps.

(15) FIG. 18 is an elevation of the column with rigid flaps.

(16) FIG. 19 is a plan view of an ensemble of columns, beams and slab segments, in the variant of support by means of rigid flaps.

(17) FIG. 20 is a perspective view of an assembly of columns, beams and slab segments, in the variant of support by means of rigid flaps.

(18) FIGS. 21 and 22 show some main beams in the variant of support by means of rigid flaps.

(19) FIGS. 23 and 24 show some secondary beams in the variant of support by means of rigid flaps.

(20) FIG. 25 shows one section of a lightweight slab segment with double-T section, in the variant of support by means of rigid flaps.

(21) FIGS. 26 and 27 show a slab segment, in the variant of support by means of rigid flaps.

(22) FIGS. 28, 29, 30, and 31 show the four main stages of erection of the main elements of the structure, in the variant of support by means of rigid flaps.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

(23) As shown in the figures, the invention refers in a general manner to a support column 1 for modular structure of precast concrete, comprising on its upper part a bearing capital 2 of beams 3, having the bearing capital 2 a square or quadrangular plan in such a way that four sides 21, 22, 23, 24 are defined that support the beams 3.

(24) Specifically, in the structure of the invention each of the sides 21, 22, 23, 24 comprises concave recesses 4 of sides parallel to the axis of the beams that define convex protrusions 5 which sides comprise bearing surfaces 6 such that when laying a beam 3, which ends are complementary to said recesses 4, the bearing forces have directions contained in a plane 41, 42, 43, 44 perpendicular to the axis of the beam 3, having said directions a horizontal component.

(25) These concave recesses 4 can be triangular or trapezoidal, or another compatible shape, such as already described in FIG. 13.

(26) Also, as shown in FIG. 1, the four sides 21, 22, 23, 24 of support for the beams 3 comprise, in its bottom side, a protruding flap 14 intended to contain the grout of the joint between the beams and the column.

(27) Alternatively, in the structure of the invention, each of the sides 121, 122, 123, 124 includes a rigid flap 105 that protrudes and is attached to the bottom side of the capital, and possesses rigid flat rails 104 included in the vertical side of the capital that in turn are parallel to the axis of the beam 103 that is supported on that side, including the side end of said beam rigid flat plates 107 incorporated to the end of the beam that fit in the rails 104 of the capital.

(28) As shown in FIG. 1 and in FIG. 27, independently of what the variant of the invention is, the support capital includes passing through duct segments 11 or 111 in such a way that they allow the passage of post-tensioning tendons.

(29) The invention also refers to a wide (not down-dropping) beam 3 of prestressed precast concrete for rectangular modular structure, specially conceived to be installed on the column of the invention, in such a way that four sides 31, 32, 33, 34 are defined, two of the end sides 31, 33 for the support on columns 2, which characterize in that each of the end sides 31, 33 comprises convex recesses 7 of sides parallel to the axis of the beam that comprise bearing surfaces 8 such that when bearing the beam 3 over the bearing capital 2 of a column 1 provided with protrusions 5 complementary to said recesses 7, the bearing forces have directions contained in a plane 41, 42, 43, 44 perpendicular to the axis of the beam 3, having said directions a horizontal component.

(30) At least one of the long sides 32, 34 of the beam 3 comprises concave recesses 9 of sides parallel to the axis of the slab segments that comprise bearing surfaces 10 such that when bearing the slab segments 12, which ends are complementary to said recesses 9, the bearing forces have directions contained in a plane 41, 43 perpendicular to the axis of the slab segments 12, having said directions a horizontal component.

(31) Alternatively, the invention also refers to a wide (not down-dropping) beam 103 of precast prestressed concrete for quadrangular modular structure, specially conceived to be assembled in the column of the invention 101, in such a way that four sides 131, 132, 133, 134 are defined, two of the end sides 131, 133 for the support in columns 101, which characterize in that each of the end sides 131, 133 comprises rigid flat plates 107 incorporated at the end of the beam that fit in the flat rigid rails 104 included in a the vertical side of the bearing capital 102 of the column.

(32) At least one of the long sides 132, 134 of the beam 103 comprises a rigid flap 108 that protrudes and is attached to the bottom side of the beam 103.

(33) As shown in the FIGS. 4 5, 19 and 20, the invention also refers to a structure 50 (or 150) composed by at least two columns 1 (or 101), a beam 3 (or 103) and its corresponding post-tensioned reinforcement according to any of the variants of the invention.

(34) FIGS. 9 and 10 show slab segments 12 provided with convex recesses 13 for the support on the long sides 32, 34 of the beams 3, which allow a support in the previously described conditions.

(35) Alternatively, the FIGS. 19 and 20 show slab segments 112 of precast prestressed concrete that include in each of its end sides rigid flat plates 113 incorporated to the end of the slab segment 112 that fit in the rails 109 of the long sides 132, 134 of the beams 103.

(36) FIGS. 11 to 14 and 28 to 31 show the four main stages of the structure erection in its two variants.

(37) First of all the columns are put in place. Subsequently the main beams 15 (or 115) are put in place, which will support the slab segments. The inventive characteristics allow this stage to be embodied without the need of shoring or formworks, and allow significant assembly tolerances.

(38) After bearing the beams 3 (or 103) on the capitals 2 (or 102) of the columns 1 (or 101), preferably the pouring non-shrinking grout in the joints between the main beams and the capitals will be done. Next, the threading, tensioning and anchoring of the tendons of the main beams 15 (or 115) will be carried out. This way a reverse camber will be obtained in the beams 3 (or 103) that will improve their capacity to support the weight of the slab segments 12 (or 112) and the live and dead loads that the latter will transfer to the beams 3 (or 103).

(39) Next, the slab segments 12 (or 112) that will compose the structural floor will be put in place. Afterwards, the pouring of non-shrinking grout is to be done in every joint between elements. Once hardened, the threading, tensioning and anchoring of the remaining post-tensioning tendons will be carried out, in secondary beams 16 (or 116) and in slab segments 12 (or 112). Finally the injecting of ducts will be executed.

(40) The grouting of joints, threading and post-tensioning done in two phases as just described is not imperative, but allows a noteworthy optimization of the structural behaviour. In the event that the grouting of joints, threading, post-tensioning and anchoring are executed in only one phase, the main beams 15 (or 115) may need a significant additional amount of pretensioned and/or passive reinforcement.

(41) Nonetheless a specific embodiment of the invention has been referred to, it is obvious to an expert in the field that the column, the beam and the structure described are susceptible of multiple variations and modifications, and that all the mentioned details can be substituted by other technically equivalents, without deviating from the scope of protection defined by the attached claims.