Abstract
A method is provided for the production of a lighting device, and the lighting device is also provided for lighting an interior. The device has at least one cylindrical longitudinal segment, at least one lateral segment that extends away from the longitudinal segment, and at least one light source. The at least one longitudinal segment has at least one light entry surface along its length, and at least one light transfer region through which light is conducted into the lateral segment. The at least one lateral segment is flat, and contains at least one light-conducting fiber through which light is emitted into the interior. The at least one light-conducting fiber is materially bonded to the at least one longitudinal segment to form the light transfer region. This results in a simple, quick and inexpensive production, with a mechanically durable connection, which results in a homogenous light distribution.
Claims
1. A lighting device for lighting an interior, the lighting device comprising: at least one cylindrical longitudinal segment that extends along a length (L); at least one lateral segment extending away from the longitudinal segment; and at least one light source; wherein the at least one longitudinal segment has at least one light entry surface along its length (L) and at least one light transfer region through which the light is conducted to the lateral segment, wherein the at least one light entry surface has a dedicated light source, wherein the at least one light transfer region and the at least one light entry surface lie opposite one another, wherein the at least one lateral segment is flat, and has at least one light-conducting fiber through which light is emitted into the interior, which has a first end (E.sub.1) and a second end (E.sub.2), and wherein at least one of said first end or said second end of the light-conducting fiber and the at least one longitudinal segment are materially bonded to one another along the length (L) to form the light transfer region.
2. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the lateral segment is a fiber-optic fabric containing the at least one light-conducting fiber.
3. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one light entry surface forms an optical element, wherein the at least one optical element forms a diffusing element, focusing lens, and/or mixing lens.
4. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein a second longitudinal segment is formed on the second end (E.sub.2) of the at least one light-conducting fiber in the lateral segment, wherein the second longitudinal segment also has at least one light entry surface along its length (L) for the light from a light source.
5. A method for the production of a lighting device, the method comprising the following steps: providing an injection mold that has at least one cylindrical cavity, with a length (L), which is to be filled with an injection molding material; providing a flat lateral segment that contains at least one light-conducting fiber, which has a first end (E.sub.1) and a second end (E.sub.2); placing the at least one end (E.sub.1, E.sub.2) of the light-conducting fiber into the at least one cylindrical cavity along the length (L); injecting the injection molding material into the at least one cylindrical cavity to obtain a longitudinal segment and to obtain at least one light transfer region between the lateral segment and the longitudinal segment; and placing at least one light source along the length (L) of the longitudinal segment, which lies opposite the light transfer region.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the at least one cavity contains concave, convex, and/or rod-shaped forms along its length with which the optical elements are formed.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the injection molded longitudinal segment is subsequently processed to obtain optical elements along its length (L).
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the at least one optical element is placed in the beam path from the light source, and the at least one light transfer region lies opposite it.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein diffusing or transparent material is used for the injection molding material.
10. The method according to claim 5, wherein the second end (E.sub.2) is placed in a second cavity and injection molding material is injected therein to form a second longitudinal segment and at least one more light transfer region.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Reference is now made more particularly to the drawings, which illustrate the best presently known mode of carrying out the invention and wherein similar reference characters indicate the same parts throughout the views.
[0016] FIGS. 1A-1C show embodiments of a lighting device according to the invention.
[0017] FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the lighting device according to the invention.
[0018] FIG. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the lighting device according to the invention.
[0019] FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of an injection mold.
[0020] FIG. 5 shows the injection mold from above, with the lateral segment therein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] FIGS. 1A to 1C show a sectional view of various embodiments of the lighting device 100 according to the invention. The lighting device 100 contains a light source 500, a longitudinal segment, and a lateral segment 300 for lighting the interior. The light source 500 is on a printed circuit board 510 in a housing 520, and is dedicated to a light entry surface on the longitudinal segment 200. The light entry surface on the outer surface of the cylindrical longitudinal segment 200 in FIGS. 1A to 1C forms an optical element 400 with a variety of optical surfaces. The longitudinal segment 200 extends along the length L and can have a variety of cross sections. If it has an oval cross section, the spacing between the light source 500 and the light transfer region 210 is greater, thus improving color mixing when an RGB-LED is used. There is a lateral segment 300 containing light-conducting fibers 310 that is transverse to the longitudinal direction L. The light-conducting fibers 310 extend away from the longitudinal segment 200 from their first ends E.sub.1 in a direction transverse to the longitudinal segment 200. The light from the light source 500 enters the longitudinal segment 200 through the optical element 400, and is conducted through the light-conducting fibers 310 through total internal reflection. Screens 320 can be placed on the light-conducting fibers 310 that direct the light into the interior. The light source 500 can be a light emitting diode (LED), or an assembly of light emitting diodes. These can be monochromatic light emitting diodes or colored light emitting diodes (RGB-LEDs). The lateral segment 300 can be an optical fiber fabric composed of light-conducting fibers 310, the first ends E.sub.1 of which are materially bonded to the longitudinal segment 200, resulting in a light transfer region 210 indicated by grey shading in the drawings. The connection of the two segments takes place in an injection molding process in which the first ends E.sub.1 of the fibers 310 are partially melted in the longitudinal segment 200. This depends on the temperature of the injection molding material, and the length of the injection molding process. The optical element 400 can be produced during the injection molding process, or can be formed through subsequent processing of the longitudinal segment 200. This takes place, for example, by processing the areas in question with a laser. The resulting optical element 400 is opposite the light transfer region 210, such that the light emitted by the light source 500 enters the lateral segment 300. The optical element 400 can be obtained during the injection molding process with convex, concave, or rod-shaped elements formed in the cavity. If an RGB-LED is used as the light source 500, a rod-shaped optical element 400 can be used to mix the colors, see FIG. 1A, which is formed during the injection molding process. The spacing between the RGB-LED and the light transfer region 210 is increased by the rod-shaped optical elements 400 that form the integral mixer, such that the colors are mixed homogenously. The rod-shaped optical element 400 can have a variety of cross sections, e.g. round, square, rectangular, and in particular, it can have a polygonal cross section. This results in a uniform color impression for the observer in the interior over the entire surface of the lateral segment 300. FIG. 1B shows a concave optical element 400, bowed inward toward the light transfer region, forming a diffusing element, and FIG. 1C shows a convex optical element 400, which is bowed outward toward the light source 500, forming a focusing lens. The geometry of the optical element 400 depends on the light source 500 and the number of light-conducting fibers 310, or the size of the light transfer region 210, with regard to whether the light is to be diffused, focused, or mixed. The light emission from the lateral segment 300 can be obtained with deflection elements 320 for an intended light distribution, which are placed on or within the light-conducting fibers 320 in the lateral segment 300. Only a few optical interference points in the form of deflection elements 320 are indicated in the drawings, as examples thereof. The total internal reflection is disrupted at these points, such that the light exits the fibers 320. The light can also be emitted from the lateral segment 300 into the interior through an activation of the light-conducting fibers 310, e.g. using brushes.
[0022] In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the lateral segment 300 is a fiber-optic fabric containing fibers for, or similar to those in, fabrics, into which the flexible light-conducting fibers 310 are woven. The fabric extending laterally away from the longitudinal segment 200 is flat, and the light-conducting fibers 310 are drawn out of the fabric such that their ends E.sub.1 can be melted to part of the longitudinal segment 200, thus forming the light transfer region 210. A protective sleeve can be placed over these transparent plastic fibers 310 such that they conduct the light with total internal reflection and illuminate the interior.
[0023] Because the light transfer region 210 not only forms a mechanical connection, but also transfers light, this region serves two purposes, such that there is no need for an additional component with which the two segments are connected. There is also no need for post-processing, such as cutting and/or polishing the ends of the fibers 310.
[0024] In this exemplary embodiment, the lateral segment 300 is a flat fabric. Because the longitudinal segment 200 and the lateral segment 300 are materially bonded to one another at the light transfer region 210, the light-conducting fibers 310 do not need to be crimped, as is the case in the prior art, to obtain a strand with a light entry surface. The remaining fabric also does not need to be trimmed in order to bundle the fibers 310. These disadvantages are eliminated by the light transfer region 210 obtained when the two segments are bonded together in the injection molding process.
[0025] A preferred embodiment of the lighting device 100 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 2. The cylindrical longitudinal segment 200 is connected to the lateral segment 300 in sections along its length L at the light transfer regions 210. The optical elements 400 also form light entry surfaces opposite the light transfer region 210 along the length L of the longitudinal segment 200 in this exemplary embodiment, through which the light emitted from the light source 500 enters the lateral segment 300. Merely by way of example, the optical elements 400 here are formed by convex bulges. The lateral segment 300 can be a flat fabric, into which the flexible, light-conducting fibers 310 are woven, such that a door panel or ceiling upholstery can be obtained to form a lighting textile for a motor vehicle. The light sources 500 along the longitudinal segment 200, each of which is dedicated to a light entry surface, can be monochromatic or multi-colored LEDs, such that the interior lighting of a vehicle results in an attractive ambient lighting. By placing numerous light sources 500 along the longitudinal segment 200, in addition to being able to adjust the color, or obtain dynamic multi-colored lighting, the brightness can also be increased.
[0026] The ends E.sub.1 of numerous light-conducting fibers 310 are combined along the length L of the longitudinal segment 200 to form the light transfer regions 210 through the material bonding thereto. Each of the light transfer regions 210 is opposite a light source 500, and the light therefrom enters them through light entry surfaces formed by optical elements 400. The light sources 500, which are spaced apart, can be of different types, e.g. alternating monochromatic colored lights, such that one light source 500 emits red light, and the other emits blue light.
[0027] Special color effects can be generated by dedicating the different light sources 500 to the respective light entry surfaces, which are also spaced apart along the length L.
[0028] The material from which the light-conducting fibers 310 is made can also be a transparent plastic, like that of the injection molding material, or it can be translucent, containing diffusing particles.
[0029] The preferred exemplary embodiment of the lighting device 100 according to the invention shown in FIG. 3 has numerous lateral segments 300 that are spaced apart, containing light-conducting fibers 310, which are located between two injection molded longitudinal segments 200. The light-conducting fibers 310 have a first end E.sub.1 and a second send E.sub.2. The first ends E.sub.1 are materially bonded to a first longitudinal segment 200 at the light transfer regions 210, and the second ends E.sub.2 are materially bonded to a second longitudinal segment 200 at the associated light transfer regions 210. Each light transfer region 210 is opposite a light entry surface formed by an optical element 400 in this exemplary embodiment as well, where the light from the dedicated light source 500 enters. Because the fibers 310 are melted to the injection molding material forming the longitudinal segment 200 at the light transfer regions 210, there is very little loss when the light is transferred to the lateral segment 300. With a targeted arrangement of deflection elements 320, special lighting effects can be obtained in this exemplary embodiment as well. The light emitted by the light sources 500, which can be monochromatic or multi-colored, results in a lighting of the interior by the light emitted from the lateral segment 300 with this preferred exemplary embodiment, with a minimum of electrical connections for the light sources 500. The light sources 500, which are also placed on printed circuit boards 510 or a semiconductor chip in the housings 520 here, are spaced apart from the respective optical elements 400.
[0030] FIGS. 4 and 5 show an injection mold 600 with which a preferred embodiment of the lighting device 100 according to the invention can be produced with the method according to the invention. One part 610 of the mold can contain a first cavity 620 and a second cavity 630, into which the injection molding material can be injected. A transparent material is preferably used for the production of the light-conducting longitudinal segment 200, which is similar to the material used for the light-conducting fibers 310 with regard to its optical properties, e.g. silicone, PMMA, or PC. The lateral segment 300, with the light-conducting fibers 310 in which the light experiences total internal reflection, is placed in the mold 610 such that the first ends E.sub.1 of the light-conducting fibers 310 extend into the first cavity 620. The lateral segment 300 is flat, such that the two ends E.sub.1 and E.sub.2 are in the same plane, and it is thinner than the cross section of the cylindrical longitudinal segment 200. This results in a homogenous mixing of the light before it enters the lateral segment. If two longitudinal segments 200 are formed on the lateral segment 300 in the injection molding process, an injection mold 600 with a second cavity 630 is provided, into which the second ends E.sub.2 of the light-conducting fibers 310 of the lateral segment 300 extend. The cavities 620, 630 in which the longitudinal segments 200 are formed can have different shapes, resulting in different cross sections for the longitudinal segments 200. The optical elements 400 can be formed in the injection molding process, the shapes of which depend on the mold 610 that is used, in order to focus the light into the light transfer regions. In this exemplary embodiment, convex bulges in the cavities 620, 630 form the optical elements 400. The cavities 620, 630 can also have concave recesses or rod-shaped forms along their length L, which can also have different cross sections, to obtain an integrated mixing lens, such that the optical elements 400 are formed as integral parts of the longitudinal segment 200, in order to focus, diffuse, or mix the light accordingly. The optical elements 400 can also be formed subsequently on the longitudinal segments 200 through hot stamping or laser processing, in which case the cavities 620, 630 have no bulges or recesses. When the injection molding material is injected into the cavities 620, 630, the ends E.sub.1, E.sub.2 are melted and bonded to the injection molding material, such that a material bonding is obtained that forms the light transfer region 210, lying opposite the light entry surface. Because the light transfer region 210 forms a smooth transition from the longitudinal segment 200 to the lateral segment 300, light is transferred without optical interference, resulting in a more efficient lighting device 100. This use of an injection molding process for the production of the lighting device 100 is an inexpensive and time-saving production process.
[0031] If a diffusing injection molding material is used, there is no need for the optical elements 400, because the diffusing particles contained therein focus the light from the light sources 500 through the light transfer region 210 into the lateral segment 300, taking a lower efficiency into account.
List of Reference Symbols
[0032] 100 Lighting device
[0033] 200 longitudinal segment
[0034] 210 light transfer region
[0035] 300 lateral segment
[0036] 310 fibers
[0037] 320 deflection element
[0038] 400 optical element
[0039] 500 light source
[0040] 510 printed circuit board
[0041] 520 housing
[0042] 600 injection mold
[0043] 610 mold part
[0044] 620 first cavity
[0045] 630 second cavity
[0046] L length
[0047] E.sub.1 first end
[0048] E.sub.2 second end
