Abstract
A high-voltage circuit breaker system has a rapid disconnection function that results in an opening, closing, and reopening movement of a contact system. A circuit breaker having the contact system and a drive system that is mechanically connected to the contact system. The drive system includes a drive unit and, in addition to the drive unit, a drive shaft that is designed as a crankshaft. The crankshaft is connected to a mobile contact of the contact system via a push rod, and the cycle of opening, closing, and reopening movement of the contact system results from a unidirectional rotational movement of the crankshaft.
Claims
1. A high-voltage circuit breaker system having a quick disconnection function, the circuit breaker system comprising: a circuit breaker having a contact system and a drive system mechanically connected to said contact system; said drive system including a drive assembly and a drive shaft being a rotatably mounted crankshaft; said crankshaft having at least three cranks, with a second crank of said crankshaft being deflected rotationally in a different direction from a first crank of said crankshaft; a push rod connecting each crank of said crankshaft to a movable contact of said contact system; said crankshaft and said push rod being configured to perform the quick disconnection function with a cycle of an opening movement, a closing movement, and a reopening movement of said contact system caused by a unidirectional rotational movement of said crankshaft; and said crankshaft having an axis of rotation and said crankshaft being configured to carry out the unidirectional rotational movement with respect to said axis of rotation of between 150? and 210? from a closed position of said contact system to an open position of said contact system.
2. The high-voltage circuit breaker system according to claim 1, wherein said crankshaft is configured to carry out the rotation about said axis of rotation of between 350? and 360? plus 10? for the opening movement and closing movement of said contact system.
3. The high-voltage circuit breaker system according to claim 1, wherein said crankshaft includes a crank pin at a crank thereof which is eccentric with respect to an axis of rotation of said crankshaft and which, during the rotational movement of said crankshaft, describes a circular movement about said axis of rotation.
4. The high-voltage circuit breaker system according to claim 3, wherein said crank pin is oriented parallel to said axis of rotation.
5. The high-voltage circuit breaker system according to claim 4, wherein said push rod includes a plain bearing disposed to surround said crank pin.
6. A high-voltage circuit breaker system having a quick disconnection function, the circuit breaker system comprising: a circuit breaker having a contact system and a drive system mechanically connected to said contact system; said drive system including a drive assembly and a drive shaft being a rotatably mounted crankshaft; said crankshaft having at least three cranks, with a second crank of said crankshaft being deflected rotationally in a different direction from a first crank of said crankshaft; a push rod connecting each crank of said crankshaft to a movable contact of said contact system; said crankshaft and said push rod being configured to perform the quick disconnection function with a cycle of an opening movement, a closing movement, and a reopening movement of said contact system caused by a unidirectional rotational movement of said crankshaft; and said crankshaft having an axis of rotation and said crankshaft being configured to carry out the rotation about said axis of rotation of between 350? and 360? plus 10? for the opening movement and the closing movement of said contact system.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
(1) FIG. 1 shows a high-power circuit breaker system having a contact system and a drive system, wherein a crankshaft is used for transmitting the drive energy to the contact system. FIG. 1 shows the contact system in the closed state,
(2) FIG. 2 shows the high-voltage circuit breaker system from FIG. 1 with the crankshaft rotated and with an open state of the contact system,
(3) FIG. 3 shows the high-voltage circuit breaker system according to FIG. 1 again in the closed state after rotation of the crankshaft by approx. 180?,
(4) FIG. 4 shows the high-voltage circuit breaker system in the same position as in FIG. 2 after a rotation of the crankshaft of 360?,
(5) FIG. 5 shows a series of high-voltage circuit breaker systems for three phases which are driven by a drive system with a drive and a crankshaft,
(6) FIG. 6 shows a high-voltage circuit breaker system with a crankshaft which has an eccentric disk as crank,
(7) FIG. 7 shows a time axis to show the opening and closing cycle,
(8) FIG. 8 shows a cross section through a crankshaft along a crank and a push rod attached thereto,
(9) FIG. 9 shows a top view of an arrangement of three high-voltage circuit breaker systems, analogously to FIG. 5, but with cranks arranged offset rotationally with respect to the axis of rotation,
(10) FIG. 10 shows a high-voltage circuit breaker system with a drive mechanism according to the prior art.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(11) FIG. 1 provides a schematic illustration of a high-voltage circuit breaker system which has a contact system 4 which is arranged in a housing 42. The housing 42 here is basically configured to be gas-tight, and an insulating gas which can be, for example, sulfur hexafluoride or a fluoroketone or a fluoronitrile can be present inside the housing. The insulating gas may, however, also be synthetic, purified air. The circuit breaker 2 here can also comprise a vacuum tube. The contact system 4 here has a fixed contact 44 and a mobile contact 14. The mobile contact 14 is connected to a contact bolt 40 which is in turn connected mechanically to a crankshaft 10 via a push rod 12. The push rod 12 can be configured, for example, in the form of a conventional connecting rod. In this configuration, the push rod 12 has a respective plain bearing 38 and 40 at its ends, wherein the plain bearing 38 is fastened to a pin 34 which is part of the crankshaft 10. The pin 34 is framed by two cranks 32 which bring about the eccentric arrangement of the pin 34 from an axis of rotation 30 of the crankshaft 10. The crankshaft 10 in turn is part of a drive system 6 which, in addition to the crankshaft 10, comprises a drive unit 8. Various drive technologies can be used for the drive unit 8. For example, an electric motor can provide the drive, but use may also be made of spiral springs. The crankshaft 10 is mounted here in bearings 48.
(12) The drive unit 8 is configured here in such a manner that it moves in one direction of rotation 16, and therefore the crankshaft 10 likewise carries out a unidirectional rotational movement along the arrow 16. If said rotational movement 16 is carried out once by 360? about the axis of rotation 30 of the crankshaft 10, this first of all leads, as is illustrated in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, to an opening movement along the arrow 20 according to FIG. 2, with a 180? rotational movement of the crankshaft 10 along the direction of rotation 16 taking place for the maximum opening width of the contact system 4, i.e. the maximum movement of the mobile contact 4. In this case according to FIG. 2, the contact system 4 is maximally open, and a further rotational movement of the crankshaft 10 takes place, preferably without interruption, in the same direction, with the contact system 4 being closed again along the arrow 22, in this case the crankshaft 10 has carried out a rotational movement of 360?.
(13) Should it have turned out here that the cause of the short circuit continues to exist, a triggering unit, not illustrated here, gives the signal for a further 180? movement of the crankshaft 10, which means a further opening movement along the arrow 24 according to FIG. 4. At this point, according to FIG. 4, the cycle which includes an opening operation, a closing operation and a renewed opening operation, is ended. The high-voltage circuit breaker 2 remains initially open at this point.
(14) FIG. 7 schematically shows this cycle along a time axis. For the period of time before and at the time T.sub.0 there is no short circuit or confirmation in some other way of the network, and therefore the high-voltage circuit breaker 2 is closed in its basic position.
(15) At the time T.sub.0, there is a triggering event caused by a triggering unit, and the circuit breaker 2 is guided, according to FIG. 2, as far as the time T.sub.1 into an open position which is indicated by O. This period of time lasts approximately 300 milliseconds. For a further period of time which may be between 100 milliseconds and a second, the breaker is again closed, according to FIG. 3; this is at the time T.sub.2. Should the event causing a short circuit continue to be present, there is a further opening movement as far as the time T.sub.3, according to FIG. 4.
(16) FIG. 5 illustrates a circuit breaker system 2 in which three circuit breakers 3 are arranged next to one another and are jointly driven by a drive system 6. The crankshaft 10 according to FIG. 5 has three cranks 32 which are each connected to a circuit breaker 3.
(17) The three circuit breakers 3 are breakers for the individual phases of a power network, by means of which switching can be carried out simultaneously in the circuit breaker system 2 using one drive system 6. The sequences of the rotational movement along the arrow 16 correspond to that which is described with respect to FIGS. 1 to 4.
(18) FIG. 6 illustrates an analogous circuit breaker system 2 which basically carries out the same movement sequences as already described with respect to FIGS. 1 to 4. However, the system 2 differs in the shape of the crankshaft 10, wherein the crank 32 of the crankshaft 10 is configured in the form of an eccentric disk and is arranged at one end of the crankshaft 10. In this case, only a crank 32 and not a pair of cranks is required, and the crank pin 34 is arranged at the crank 32 in the form of an eccentric disk without a counterbearing in a second crank.
(19) FIG. 8 illustrates a cross section through a crankshaft 10 in the region of the crank pin 34 between two cranks 32. It is shown here how the plain bearing 38, which is in turn connected to a push rod 12, is arranged around the crank pin 34. It is also apparent in FIG. 8 how the crank pin 34 describes a rotational movement 36 eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotation 30 and, in the process, can carry out unidirectionally a rotation about initially 360? for the opening and closing and then optionally by a further 180?. That end of the push rod 12 which is provided with a further plain bearing (see FIG. 1 reference sign 46) is in engagement with the contact bolt 40, which is not illustrated specifically here.
(20) FIG. 10 finally provides an illustration of a drive mechanism of a high-voltage circuit breaker system according to the prior art. The features having the same names as in the preceding figures are provided with the same reference signs followed by a prime. Such a circuit breaker system also has a contact system 4 which comprises a fixed contact 44 and a mobile contact 14 which is in turn operatively connected to a contact bolt 40. The contact system 4 is surrounded by a housing 42. The difference over the previous description consists in that the cycle of opening and closing and reopening, that is illustrated by the arrows 20, 22, is implemented by a complex spring mechanism, wherein two spring accumulators 50-I and 50-II are connected via a toggle lever 52, which is illustrated highly schematically here. The toggle lever 52 has the effect that, when the contact system 4 is opened, one spring accumulator 50-I is relaxed and, by contrast, the spring accumulator 50-II is tensioned. This operation is reversed during a further opening and closing movement. This is an extremely complex mechanical arrangement which can alternatively be realized by the technically simpler embodiment of the crankshaft 10 described.
LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS
(21) 2 High-voltage circuit breaker system 3 Circuit breaker 4 Contact system 6 Drive system 8 Drive unit 10 Crankshaft 12 Push rod 14 Mobile contact 16 Unidirectional rotational movement 20 Opening 22 Closing 24 Reopening 26 Closed position 28 Open position 30 Axis of rotation 32 Crank 34 Fastening pin 36 Circular rotational movement 38 Plain bearing 40 Contact bolt 42 Housing 44 Fixed contact 46 Second plain bearing 48 Crankshaft bearing 50 Spring accumulator 52 Toggle lever
