METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN AEROSOL DOME

Abstract

Method for producing an aerosol dome having a dome region with an upwardly adjoining rolled rim arranged at an upper passage opening and with a downwardly adjoining flange region with an everted portion. An intermediate stage is prepared in one or more stages from a lacquer-coated blank (R), the intermediate stage having the upper passage opening, followed downwardly by a neck portion, then followed by the dome region, which is followed by an encircling straight flange. The intermediate stage is processed in a processing stage (S9) in which only the everted portion is formed.

Claims

1. A method for producing an aerosol dome, said aerosol dome having a dome region with an upwardly adjoining rolled rim arranged at an upper passage opening and with a downwardly adjoining flange region with an everted portion, wherein said method involves preparing an intermediate stage in one or more stages from a lacquer-coated or polymer-coated blank, said intermediate stage having the upper passage opening, followed downwardly by a neck portion, then followed by the dome region, which is followed by an encircling straight flange, and wherein this intermediate stage is then processed in a processing stage in which only the everted portion is formed.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate stage has at least one of an outwardly directed collar and, at the transition from the dome region to the neck region, an outwardly curved wave.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the processing stage for creating the everted portion is followed directly or indirectly by at least one further stage in which a rolled rim is formed from the neck portion, or wherein the processing stage for creating the everted portion is followed directly or indirectly by at least one further stage in which a preliminary stage or the final rim curl is created from the remaining flange.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the lacquer-coated or polymer-coated blank is furnished in the form of a pot with an encircling flange, a rounded region and an end wall but without a neck region, and wherein at least one first stage, this blank is formed to the desired part height prior to the creation of a rolled rim with an axial neck region.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, after the first stage, in at least one, or in two further stages, a second stage and a third stage, the neck region is formed further.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein, in at least one fifth stage, the end wall is punched out, forming the upper passage opening.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein, in one stage an outwardly curved wave is formed in the dome region at the transition from the dome region to the neck region.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, in one stage scoring is carried out in the transitional region between the end wall and the neck region.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein, to produce the rolled rim from a cylindrical rim portion of the neck portion, in a first step, an initial zone of the rim portion is folded over by a positively controlled tool to form the collar and in a second step, a flanging die subsequently passes into the folded-over rim portion and flanges the latter to form a roll, wherein, in the first step, the initial zone of the rim portion is folded over by the tool, comprising a folding die and a counterholder, through an angle in the range of 75-105° from the axial direction to form a substantially radial encircling flange.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the bending radius between the encircling flange and the adjoining axial portion is smaller than twice the material thickness of the cylindrical rim portion, or wherein the radial length of the flange is in the range of 2-5 times the material thickness of the cylindrical rim portion.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material thickness of the blank (R) is in the range of 0.1-1 mm.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material of the blank (R) is sheet steel.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the material of the blank (R) is sheet steel having a yield strength, determined according to DIN EN 10002-1:2001, of at least 500 MPa, or having a tensile strength, determined according to DIN EN 10002-1:2001, of at least 500 MPa, or wherein the material of the blank (R) is sheet steel, or wherein the lacquer is a lacquer coating based on polyester lacquer, polyurethane lacquer, acrylate lacquer, methacrylate lacquer, or a mixture of such systems, or wherein the polymer coating is a plastics coating based on polybutylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, or a mixture of such systems.

14. The method according to claim 1 to produce an aerosol dome for a spray can.

15. An aerosol dome for a spray produced using a method according to claim 1.

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the processing stage for creating the everted portion is followed directly or indirectly by at least one further stage in which a preliminary stage or the final rim curl is created from the remaining flange, wherein this further stage, if only a preliminary stage is formed, is carried out in combination with a stage in which a rolled rim is formed from the neck portion, and wherein this stage is then followed by a further stage (S11) in which the rim curl is formed.

17. The method according to claim 1, wherein the lacquer-coated blank is furnished in the form of a pot with an encircling flange, a rounded region and an end wall but without a neck region, and in at least one first stage, this blank is formed to the desired part height prior to the creation of a rolled rim with an axial neck region, and also in this first stage (S1), the radius at the transitional region between the flange and the rounded region is reduced, to a radius in the range of 0.2-1.0 mm, or in the range of 0.3-0.6 mm.

18. The method according to claim 4, wherein, after the first stage, in at least one, or in two further stages, a second stage and a third stage, the neck region is formed further, the radius of the region between the axial neck region and the radial end wall is reduced, to a sharp edge with a radius in the range of 0.2-1.0 mm, or in the range of 0.3-0.6 mm.

19. The method according to claim 4, wherein, in at least one fifth stage, the end wall is punched out, forming the upper passage opening, and subsequently in a sixth stage, the encircling edge formed as a result is folded over to form a collar.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein, after the first stage, in two further stages, a second stage and a third stage, the neck region is formed further, and wherein the fifth stage and the sixth stage are carried out after the two further stages.

21. The method according to claim 6, wherein in in the fifth stage an outwardly curved wave is formed in the dome region at the transition from the dome region to the neck region.

22. The method according to claim 1, wherein in at least one of a second stage and a third stage and a fourth stage, scoring is carried out in the transitional region between the end wall and the neck region.

23. The method according to claim 6, wherein, to produce the rolled rim from a cylindrical rim portion of the neck portion, in the fifth step, an initial zone of the rim portion is folded over by a positively controlled tool to form the collar and in a second step, in which the processing stage for creating the everted portion is followed directly or indirectly by said second step in which a rolled rim is formed from the neck portion, or wherein the processing stage for creating the everted portion is followed directly or indirectly by said second step in which a preliminary stage or the final rim curl is created from the remaining flange and in which second step a flanging die subsequently passes into the folded-over rim portion and flanges the latter to form a roll, wherein, in the first step, the initial zone of the rim portion is folded over by the tool, comprising a folding die and a counterholder, through an angle in the range of 75-105°, or in the range of 80-100°, or in the range of 85-95°, from the axial direction to form a substantially radial encircling flange.

24. The method according to claim 9, wherein the bending radius between the encircling flange and the adjoining axial portion is smaller than twice the material thickness of the cylindrical rim portion, wherein the bending radius lies in the range of 0.5-1.5 times, or in the range of 0.75-1.25 times the material thickness of the cylindrical rim portion, or wherein the radial length of the flange is in the range of 3-4 times the material thickness of the cylindrical rim portion.

25. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material thickness of the blank (R) is in the range of 0.15-0.4 mm, or in the range of 0.18-0.34 mm.

26. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material of the blank (R) is tinplate.

27. The method according to claim 12, wherein the material of the blank (R) is sheet steel having a yield strength, determined according to DIN EN 10002-1:2001, of at least 550 MPa, or having a tensile strength, determined according to DIN EN 10002-1:2001, of at least 575 MPa, or wherein the material of the blank (R) is tinplate of the type TH520, material number 1.0384; TH550, material number 1.0373; TH580, material number 1.0382; TH620, material number 1.0374, or the corresponding TS types, each according to DIN EN 10202:2001, and/or DR8, DR8.5, or DR9, each according to AISI/ASTM 623.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the following with reference to the drawings, which are for the purpose of illustrating the present preferred embodiments of the invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same. In the drawings,

[0034] FIG. 1 shows a sequence of steps for producing an aerosol dome from a pot-shaped blank;

[0035] FIG. 2 shows a sequence of steps according to the invention for producing an aerosol dome from a pot-shaped blank;

[0036] FIG. 3 shows the tool of the first stage, wherein in a), the tool is illustrated at the start of the stroke and in b), the tool is illustrated at the end of the stroke; and

[0037] FIG. 4 shows the tool for forming the everted portion, wherein in a), the tool is illustrated at the start of the stroke and in b), the tool is illustrated at the end of the stroke.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0038] In order to produce a pot-shaped blank R from a thin, lacquer-coated material, a plurality of stages are passed through using the known methods.

[0039] One possible method is described in conjunction with FIG. 1.

[0040] A pot-shaped blank R produced in a prior stamping and forming process is fed to the process as illustrated by the arrow 21. However, it is also possible for the production of this pot-shaped blank R, which is typically initially punched out of a raw material fed in the form of a strip and then deep-drawn to form a cup, this being able to take place in one or two steps, to be carried out as a first step in the scope of the sequence of stages described here.

[0041] This blank R, illustrated in a), has an encircling flange 15, which transitions via an initially cylindrical region 53 into a rounded region 17 and which has a closed end wall 18.

[0042] In the processing operation, illustrated by the arrow 22, in the first station S1, this blank R is subjected to first drawing Z1, wherein a punch is introduced into the interior of the blank and the blank is pressed against a die. This results in the component illustrated in b). In this step, the cylindrical region 53 and parts of the rounded region 17 are formed into a dome region 5, and a neck portion 14 is formed from parts of the rounded region 17 and the end wall 18, said neck portion 14 following the dome region via a transition 20. The end wall 18 obtains a smaller diameter, and a rounded portion 19 is established at the transition from the end wall 18 to the neck portion. The flange 15 substantially remains and the component does not yet have its final height, which is only established in subsequent steps.

[0043] In a step RP illustrated by the arrow 23, the rim is subsequently trimmed, i.e. the radial length of the flange 15 is set to the desired value; this step takes place in the context of the stations S2 and S3 (one of which is an empty station) and results in the component according to c).

[0044] In the processing operation, illustrated by the arrow 24, in the fourth station S4, this component is subjected to second drawing Z2, wherein again a punch is introduced into the interior and the component is pressed against a die. This results in the component illustrated in d). In this step, the dome region 5 is formed and increased in height, and the neck portion 14 is lengthened and has its radius reduced.

[0045] In the processing operation, illustrated by the arrow 25, in the fifth station S5, this component is subjected to third drawing Z3, wherein once again a punch is introduced into the interior and the component is pressed against a die. This results in the component illustrated in e). In this step, substantially only the previously round region 19 is shaped into a sharp edge 31 at the transition from the neck region 14 to the end wall 18.

[0046] In the processing operation, illustrated by the arrow 26, in the sixth station S6, this component is subjected to scoring Ri, i.e. an encircling score is created in the region of the transition 31 between the end wall 18 and the neck region 14, the function of said score during the further processing being as follows: The end wall is prepared in order to be torn away in the next station and to be drawn as a dish out of the tool. This results in the component illustrated in f).

[0047] In the crucial processing operation, illustrated by the arrow 27, in the seventh station S7, this component is subjected to several steps U at the same time. First, an everted portion 3 is created from parts of the dome region 5. This everted portion transitions via a vertical portion 9 into the flange 15 and radially inwardly into the dome region via an adjoining region 8. The material thickening (upsetting) that arises with this type of forming results in a significant load on the coating, and can result in flaking of the coating. On the other hand, with a smaller angle subsequently incorporated into a can, higher pressures can be withstood. At the same time, in this step, a slight outwardly directed wave 13 can be formed in the dome region 5, said wave adjoining the neck portion 14. Likewise at the same time, in this stage, the end wall, which was prepared in station 5, is guided as a dish out of the tool, resulting in a passage opening 32 at the top and a free straight edge 16 of the cylindrical portion 14, and the component height is set. This results in the component illustrated in g).

[0048] In the processing operation A, illustrated by the arrow 28, in the eighth station S8, this component is subjected to canting A. In other words, an initial zone of the rim portion 16 is folded over by a generally positively controlled tool and only then, as part of the next stage S9, in a second step, is a flanging die passed into the folded-over rim portion and flanges the latter to form a roll 2. In this step S8, the initial zone of the rim portion 16 is folded over by a tool, comprising a folding die and a counterholder, through an angle in the range of 75-105 degrees from the axial direction to form a substantially radial encircling flange 12. This results in the component illustrated in h).

[0049] In the processing operation W, illustrated by the arrow 29, in the ninth station S9, in this component the rolled rim 2 is formed and also the radial encircling edge of the flange 15 is folded over in a preliminary stage 11, such that a horizontal flange portion 10 remains. This results in the component illustrated in i).

[0050] Finally, in the processing operation RC, illustrated by the arrow 30, in the eleventh station S11, the final rim curl 4 is created.

[0051] In this sequence of stages for producing the aerosol cover, the flange 15 is everted. What is novel, however, is that this is intended to be deep-drawn using a material-friendly method.

[0052] In this method for producing the aerosol cover, the outer region of the dome region is everted to form the everted portion 3 and thus prepares the flange for the following station S9. This type of forming results in irregular lacquer damage on the cover, however.

[0053] Special attention is paid to the forming step in stage S7 after the scoring Ri during the eversion U, in which the part, in addition to the forming of the wave 13 and the removal of the cover, is subjected to a material displacement. In this case, the height of the part and the flange diameter required for beading is set. Since, in this case, the material has to be exposed in a particular region of the forming and is not held correctly, different tensile, compressive and bending stresses arise in the sheet metal, with the result that the lacquer can be damaged.

[0054] Using a novel forming step and a different sequence of stages, the lacquer damage is avoided. In this case, more material-friendly forming in the form of drawing is undertaken. First of all, the height of the part is set (see drawing Z1 and height setting in S1 in FIG. 2). After the setting of the height, drawing is continued, in order subsequently to fully draw the flange 15 in the tool (S9 in FIG. 2). This also results in the advantage that the contact point of the critical part with the tool is shifted rearwardly and the part meets the impression sleeve less frequently. In the novel sequence of stages, one station is used more than previously.

[0055] A method according to the invention is illustrated in a sequence of stages in FIG. 2.

[0056] A pot-shaped blank R produced in a prior punching and forming process is fed to the process as illustrated by the arrow 21. It is also possible for the production of this pot-shaped blank R, which is typically initially punched out of a raw material fed in the form of a strip and then deep-drawn to form a cup, this being able to take place in one or two steps, to be carried out as a first step in the scope of the sequence of stages described here.

[0057] This blank R, illustrated in a), has an encircling flange 15, which transitions via a transition 38 via an initially virtually cylindrical region 53 into a rounded region 17 and which has a closed end wall 18.

[0058] The material of the blank R is steel sheet, specifically tinplate, having a yield strength (determined according to EN 10202:2001, in particular Section 8.2, and the measurement method according to DIN EN 10002-1:2001) of at least 550 MPa. It has a tensile strength (determined according to EN 10202:2001, in particular Section 8.2, and the measurement method according to DIN EN 10002-1:2001) of at least 575 MPa. Typically, the material is tinplate of the type TH520 (material number 1.0384), TH550 (material number 1.0373), TH580 (material number 1.0382), TH620 (material number 1.0374), or the corresponding TS types, each according to DIN EN 10202: 2001, put another way of the type DR8, DR8.5 or DR9, each according to AISI/ASTM 623. The corresponding compositions and properties of these materials are defined in the stated standards.

[0059] The material is provided on both sides or at least on the future top side (outer surface 7) with a lacquer coating; a polyester lacquer was used here.

[0060] The blank can also be provided with a polymer coating or plastics coating, or with a plurality of such coatings. Possible, for example, is the commercial system Protect®.

[0061] In the processing operation, illustrated by the arrow 22, in the first station S1, this blank R is subjected to first drawing Z1 wherein a punch is introduced into the interior of the blank and the blank is pressed against a die (cf. also FIG. 3). At the same time, in this process, the height is set HE. This results in the component illustrated in b). In this step, the substantially cylindrical region 53 and parts of the rounded region 17 are formed into a dome region 5, and a neck portion 14 is formed from parts of the rounded region 17 and the end wall 18, said neck portion 14 following the dome region via a transition 20. The end wall 18 obtains a smaller diameter, and a rounded portion 19 is established at the transition from the end wall 18 to the neck portion. The flange 15 substantially remains and the component already achieves its final height here. Furthermore, the transition between the flange 15 and the dome region 5 is already formed into a sharp edge 37 in this step, typically with a radius in the region of at least 0.35 mm.

[0062] In a processing operation, illustrated by the arrow 33, in the second station S2, this component is subjected to second drawing Z2, wherein again a punch is introduced into the interior and the component is pressed against a die. This results in the component illustrated in c). In this step, the dome region 5 is formed further, and the radius of the neck portion 14 is reduced.

[0063] In the processing operation, illustrated by the arrow 34, in the third station S3, this component is subjected to third drawing Z3, wherein once again a punch is introduced into the interior and the component is pressed against a die. This results in the component illustrated in d). In this step, substantially only the previously round region 19 is shaped into a sharp edge 31 at the transition from the neck region 14 to the end wall 18.

[0064] In the processing operation, illustrated by the arrow 26, in the fourth station S4, this component is subjected to scoring Ri, i.e. an encircling score is created in the region of the transition 31 between the end wall 18 and the neck 14, the function of said score during the further processing being as follows: The end wall is prepared in order to be torn away in the next station and to be drawn as a dish out of the tool. This results in the component illustrated in e).

[0065] In the processing operation BA, illustrated by the arrow 25, in the fifth station S5, the end wall 18, which was prepared in station 4, is guided as a dish out of the tool, punched out, and at the same time the wave 13 is formed in the dome region, specifically in the region that adjoins the neck region 14. This results in the component illustrated in f).

[0066] In the processing operation KA, illustrated by the arrow 28, in the sixth station S6, this component is subjected to canting A. In other words, an initial zone of the rim portion 16 is folded over by a generally positively controlled tool and only then, as part of a further stage S10, in a second step, is a flanging die passed into the folded-over rim portion and flanges the latter to form a roll 2. In this step S6, the initial zone of the rim portion 16 is folded over by a tool, comprising a folding die and a counterholder, through an angle in the range of 75-105 degrees from the axial direction to form a substantially radial encircling flange 12. This results in the component illustrated in g).

[0067] In the processing operation RB, illustrated by the arrow 35, the rim is subsequently trimmed, i.e. the radial length of the flange 15 is set to the desired value; this step takes place in the context of the stations S7 and S8 (one of which is an empty station) and results in the component according to h).

[0068] As far as its shaping is concerned, this component is now finished such that only the final steps need to be carried out on the flange 15 and the neck region 14, and in all the steps up to this point, the component can be guided optimally in each case. Thus, the eversion step in the next stage is carried out all alone and with a component in which all forming and punching operations have already been carried, inasmuch as they can be carried out before this step, without entailing problems with regard to process control. In particular, at this moment, the end wall 18 has already been punched out and the collar 12 formed, and the encircling wave 13 is likewise already present, and the final component height, apart from the rolling of the rolled rim 2, has been established.

[0069] In the crucial processing operation, illustrated by the arrow 54, in the ninth station S9, this component is now subjected to the step FZ. In this case, an everted portion 3 is created from parts of the dome region 5, and in this case it is possible to optimally hold and guide the material. This everted portion transitions via a vertical portion 9 into the flange 15 and radially inwardly in the adjoining region 8 into the dome region 5. This results in the component according to i).

[0070] In the processing operation W, illustrated by the arrow 29, in the tenth station S10, the rolled rim 2 is formed on this component, and also the radial encircling edge of the flange 15 is folded over in a preliminary stage 11 such that a horizontal flange portion 10 remains. This results in the component illustrated in k).

[0071] Finally, in the processing operation, illustrated by the arrow 30, in the eleventh station S11, the final rim curl 4 is created.

[0072] Separated from the effective sequence of stages, the stages S1 and S9 for forming the part of the flange are used here. A comparison with the sequence according to FIG. 1 makes the differences in the flange region clear. Between the stations S1-S8, it is possible at the same time for the critical part for intrinsic lacquer damage to be protected, because it is possible to work with extensive impression sleeves. The order of these steps between the stations S1 and S8 can optionally also be chosen to be different from what is illustrated in FIG. 2. Extensive impression sleeves are also used in the stations S10 and S11.

[0073] FIG. 3 shows the tool of the first stage S1, wherein in a), the tool is illustrated at the start of the stroke and in b), the tool is illustrated at the end of the stroke. As already explained, the component height is set in this stage and the transitional region 37 between the flange 15 and the cylindrical or slightly conically narrowing region 53 is already being brought into its final shape. To this end, the blank R used in FIG. 3a) is guided between a drawing die 39, which bears on the outer surface 7 of the rounded region 17, and a fold holder 41, which bears on the inner side 6. A drawing punch 40, which is mounted on the inner side of the fold holder 41, now travels into the end-wall region 8 and thus forms the neck region 14 (cf. FIG. 3b)). At the same time, the guide sleeve 43 and the counterholder move from beneath to the lower bearing surface 55 of the drawing die, wherein, at the transition from the bearing surface 55 to the rounded region 45 of the drawing die, the sharp edge 37 is formed at the transition between the flange 15 and the dome region 5. The process is also carried out such that the required component height H is set. In the critical dome region 5, in this first stage, the material is accordingly guided and supported at all times by the inner contact face 44 of the fold holder 41 and the contact face 45 of the drawing die 39, such that damage or overloading with resulting porosity of the lacquer coating can be avoided.

[0074] Specifically, the height is thus initially set in combination with the first drawing. As a result, it is possible to work throughout with larger impression sleeves 43 and the damaging point at the radius is reduced or is no longer present at all. The part rests on the flange 15 which the impression sleeve is wider. The blank R is positioned by way of a downholder on the impression sleeve 43 via the fold holder 41, which is in a form fit with the blank R. Then, the material is drawn into the die and the first drawing process begins to develop. In the end position, the flange 15 is laid at the desired part height. Here, the radius Ra is also integrally formed immediately, and lies typically in the region of at least 0.30 mm.

[0075] As a result, the flange 15 is positioned and the material volume required for flange drawing is already at the correct location.

[0076] FIG. 4 shows the tool for forming the everted portion in S9, wherein in a), the tool is illustrated at the start of the stroke and in b), the tool is illustrated at the end of the stroke. The initial component, which is illustrated in FIG. 2h), is held here extensively and areally between a drawing punch 46 and a receptacle 51 in the dome region 5. The flange 15 is guided between an upper fold holder 48 and a lower drawing die 49. At the lower end, the drawing die has a moulding 47, which serves as a shaping element for the drawing process 3. Arranged between the lower drawing die 49 and the receptacle 51 is a lifting sleeve or impression sleeve 50. In this stage S9, the drawing punch 46 and the receptacle now move downwardly in parallel and in the process clamp the material in the dome region 5. The fold holder 48 clamps the flange 15 to the drawing die 49 (this is rigid) and thus draws the offset (not an eversion process but deep-drawing), wherein the flange 15 withdraws somewhat from the gap between the two counterholders 48/49.

[0077] If the flange has been prepared for drawing, it is thus now only drawn into the die 49.

[0078] The part is controlled by the drawing die 46 via the impression sleeve 50 onto a spring-loaded, form-fitting receptacle 51. At the flange, a fold holder 48 prevents fold formation during forming.

[0079] Now the material at the flange 15 is drawn into the die. As a result, the flange height and the flange diameter are formed. Furthermore, the diameter for receiving the cover is formed in the body (can body) by the die.

[0080] During forming, the material is always enclosed and as a result does not have to succumb to an undesired or undefined material flow. This results in more material-friendly forming, with the result that lacquer damage caused by eversion is eradicated.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0081]

TABLE-US-00001 1 Aerosol dome 2 Rolled rim 3 Everted portion 4 Rim curl 5 Dome region 6 Inner surface of 5 7 Outer surface of 5 8 Region of 5 adjoining 3 9 Vertical portion of 3 10 Horizontal flange portion 11 Preliminary stage of 4 12 Collar 13 Wave 14 Neck portion 15 Flange 16 Free straight edge, rim portion 17 Rounded region 18 End wall 19 Rounded portion from 18 to 14 20 Transition from 14 to 5 21 Blank feed 22 Processing in station S1 23 Processing in station S2/S3 24 Processing in station S4 25 Processing in station S5 26 Processing in station S6 27 Processing in station S7 28 Processing in station S8 29 Processing in station S9 30 Processing in station S11 31 Sharp edge at transition from 18 to 14 32 Passage opening in 14 33 Processing in station S2 34 Processing in station S3 35 Processing in station S7/S8 36 Processing in S10 37 Sharp edge 38 Transition between 15 and 17 39 Drawing die 40 Drawing punch 41 Fold holder 42 Counterholder 43 Guide sleeve, impression sleeve 44 Inner contact face of 41 45 Contact face of 39 46 Drawing punch 47 Moulding 48 Fold holder 49 Drawing die 50 Lifting sleeve or impression sleeve 51 Receptacle 52 Intermediate stage 53 Cylindrical region 54 Processing in S9 55 Bearing surface of the drawing die A Canting BA Pushing out slug and forming wave D Diameter of cover receptacle in body HE Setting height F Flange diameter FZ Drawing flange H Part height KA Canting collar R Blank Ra Radius at 37 Rb Radius between 15 and 9 RB Trimming rim RC Curling rim Ri Scoring  S1-S11 Stations 1-11 U Eversion W Beading Z1-Z3 Drawing operation 1-3