METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING A CONTAINER HANDLING PLANT
20220396463 · 2022-12-15
Inventors
Cpc classification
B67C3/007
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
International classification
B67C3/00
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
Abstract
Methods for controlling a container handling plant, for example a beverage filling plant, including at least one container handling station for handling containers, and an assigned control means for controlling a container handling process of the container handling station, the method including: sending real-time process data from the control means to a means for automatic process adjustment, the real-time process data in some embodiments being acquired by one or more sensors of the container handling plant; determining at least one process parameter, by the means for automatic process adjustment, in dependence on the received real-time process data; and writing the determined process parameter to the control means, resulting in adjustment of the container handling process of the container handling station.
Claims
1. A method for controlling a container handling plant comprising a container handling station for handling containers and an assigned control means for controlling a container handling process of the container handling station, the method comprising: sending real-time process data from the assigned control means to a means for automatic process adjustment; determining, by the means for automatic process adjustment, at least one process parameter based on the real-time process data; and writing the determined at least one process parameter to the assigned control means, resulting in adjustment of the container handling process of the container handling station.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising acquiring the real-time process data by one or more sensors of the container handling plant.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjustment is effected at regular time intervals.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the assigned control means comprises, or is in communication with, a human machine interface (HMI) module, and the method further comprises: receiving, by the HMI module, user inputs relating to the container handling process; generating, by the HMI module, user data from the user inputs; sending, by the HMI module, the user data to the means for automatic process adjustment; receiving, by the means for automatic process adjustment, the user data; and using, by the means for automatic process adjustment, the user data to further determine the at least one process parameter.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the HMI module comprises a portable means.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the portable means comprises a smartphone or a tablet.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein a user application that receives the user inputs is installed on the HMI module, and the method further comprises: posing questions, by the user application, to a user concerning a state and/or a process behavior of the container handling plant and/or of its container handling station; and receiving answers, by the user application, to the questions via multiple choice, continuous text, or voice input.
8. The method of claim 4, further comprising: acquiring, by a development means, the real-time process data and/or the user data; and developing, by the development means, calculation rules for calculating process parameters by using the real-time process data and/or the user data, wherein the calculation rules are generated and/or optimized by self-learning algorithms.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by the means for automatic process adjustment, configuration data from a configurator; and using, by the means for automatic process adjustment, the configuration data to further determine the at least one process parameter, wherein the configuration data determines the real-time process data to be used for determining the at least one process parameter and/or at least one optimization target.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one container handling station comprises a filling device configured to fill containers with a fill product.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein: the at least process parameter comprises one or more of: a filling pressure, a pressurisation time, a pressurisation pressure, a filling rate, a filling curve (K), a depressurisation time and/or a tank pressure; and/or the real-time process data comprises information relating to one or more of the following variables: a Brix level of the fill product, a CO.sub.2 content of the fill product, a fill product temperature, a fill level, or a headspace volume of a filled container.
12. A system comprising: a container handling plant comprising: a container handling station configured to handle containers; an assigned control means configured to control a container handling process of the container handling station; and a means for automatic process adjustment, wherein the means for automatic process adjustment is configured to: receive, from the assigned control means, real-time process data acquired by one or more sensors of the container handling plant; determine at least one process parameter based on the received real-time process data; and write the determined at least one process parameter to the assigned control means, resulting in adjustment of the container handling process of the container handling station.
13. The system of claim 12, further comprising a human machine interface (HMI) module that is a constituent part of or in communication with the assigned control means, wherein the HMI module is configured to receive user input relating to the container handling process, to generate user data from the user input, and to send the user data to the means for automatic process adjustment.
14. The system of claim 13, wherein the means for automatic process adjustment is further configured to further determine the at least one process parameter based on the received user data.
15. The system of claim 13, wherein the HMI module comprises a portable means.
16. The system of claim 13, further comprising a development means that is in communication with the means for automatic process adjustment, wherein the development means is configured to acquire the real-time process data and/or the user data, and to use the real-time process data and/or the user data to develop calculation rules for calculating process parameters by use of self-learning algorithms.
17. The system of claim 12, further comprising a configurator that is configured to send configuration data to the means for automatic process adjustment, wherein the means for automatic process adjustment is further configured to receive the configuration data and to further determine the at least one process parameter based on the received configuration data.
18. The system of claim 12, wherein the container handling station comprises a filling device configured to fill containers with a fill product.
19. The system of claim 18, wherein the fill product comprises a beverage.
20. The system of claim 18, wherein: the at least process parameter comprises one or more of: a filling pressure, a pressurisation time, a pressurisation pressure, a filling rate, a filling curve (K), a depressurisation time and/or a tank pressure; and/or the real-time process data comprises information relating to one or more of the following variables: a Brix level of the fill product, a CO.sub.2 content of the fill product, a fill product temperature, a fill level, or a headspace volume of a filled container.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0035] Further embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail by the following description of the figures.
[0036]
[0037]
[0038]
[0039]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] In the following, exemplary embodiments are described on the basis of the figures. In these figures, elements that are identical, similar or of equivalent effect are denoted by identical references, and in some instances description of these elements is not repeated, in order to avoid redundancy.
[0041]
[0042] According to the present exemplary embodiment, the beverage filling plant 1 comprises the following container handling stations: a device 10 for producing containers, also referred to herein as a “container production device”; a device 20 for filling the containers with a fill product, also referred to herein as a “filling device”; a device 30 for closing each of the containers with a container closure, for example a crown cork or screw cap, also referred to herein as a “closing device”; a device 40 for labelling the containers, also referred to herein as a “labeller”; a buffer 50 for temporarily buffering filled and labelled containers and for compensating for any different processing/transport speeds between plant parts; a packing device 60 for packing the containers; robots 70 for creating layers; and a palletiser 80 that combines the packed containers on load carriers.
[0043] The beverage filling plant 1 accordingly comprises one or more container handling stations, which are passed through successively, for example from the production of the containers to their filling, closing, labelling and packing. For this purpose, the containers, or their preforms, being a preliminary stage of the containers before blow forming or stretch blow forming, are transported along a conveyor path. Transporting is effected by means of conveyor stars, conveyor belts and the like, which are in part represented schematically in
[0044] The container handling stations of the beverage filling plant 1 shown in
[0045] The container production device 10 has a means 11 for preparing and preheating preforms made of plastic, for example polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The preforms prepared in this way are transferred to a blow-forming means 12, in which the heated preforms are expanded by blowing or stretch-blowing to form the containers to be filled. For this purpose, the preforms are supplied with a gas under pressure in blow moulds whose cavity contour corresponds to the intended outer shape of the container, and in the case of stretch blowing are also expanded by means of a stretch rod/stretch bar, in order to bring the preforms into the desired container shape. The container production device 10 may include a device, not represented further, for cleaning, sterilising and/or coating the containers.
[0046] The containers produced in this way are transferred to the filling device 20. In the exemplary embodiments of
[0047] After filling, the containers are transferred to the closing device 30, which likewise may be of a revolving design. For this purpose, the closing device 30 comprises a closer carousel 31, provided on the outer circumference of which there is a multiplicity of closing elements (not represented in
[0048] The transfer of the filled containers from the filling device 20 to the closing device 30 may be effected directly from the filler carousel 21 to the closer carousel 31 or by means of one or more transfer stars. Alternatively, the filling device 20 and the closing device 30 may be integrated to form a filler/closer in which the filling and closing processes are effected at different handling angles of one and the same handling carousel.
[0049] An exemplary device 20 for filling containers 100 with a fill product is shown schematically in
[0050] In the exemplary embodiment shown in
[0051] During the filling process, the neck finish 110 of the container 100 is in several embodiments in pressure-tight contact with the filling valve 23, enabling the filling process to be performed as a counter-pressure process or a vacuum process. However, the filling valve 23 may also be realized as a free-jet valve, such that the fill product is filled into the neck finish 110 of the container 100 after bridging a free jet region. Further, the filling process and, if appropriate, a subsequent closing of the container 100 may be effected in a pressure-tight and vacuum-tight handling chamber (not shown in the figures), which makes it possible to provide a defined atmosphere with a defined pressure, for example in order to counteract any tendency of the fill product to foam over, or in order to close the container 100 in a defined gas atmosphere and/or under vacuum or gauge pressure.
[0052] During filling, the container 100 to be filled is held at or below the filling valve 23 by a container holder 24. The container holder 24 in some embodiments has a holding clamp 24a for holding the container 100 to be filled in the neck region, for instance beneath a neck ring of the container 100, not shown here. This is also referred to as “neck handling” of the container 100. “Neck handling” is used in particular for filling plastic containers in the form of PET bottles. In an alternative not shown in the figures, the container 100 to be filled may also be held, or supported, in its base region, for example by a guide plate, on which the container 100 to be filled stands. This is also referred to as “base handling” of the container 100. “Base handling” is used in particular for filling glass bottles. In an alternative likewise not shown in the figures, the container 100 to be filled may also be held and/or supported and transported in the region of the container body, or bottle belly, or in another suitable manner.
[0053] The filling valve 23 is in certain embodiments realized as, or comprises, a proportional valve 23b positioned before the valve mouth 23a, i.e., located upstream of the valve mouth 23a. Optionally, a shut-off valve may be provided in the region of the valve mouth 23a to open/close the valve mouth 23a as required. The proportional valve 23b is configured to vary the volume flow of the fill product, thus regulating the amount of fill product introduced into the container 100 per unit of time. The aim is to ensure efficient, accurate and product-conserving filling along a defined filling curve, which is generally a time-dependent function of the filling rate or of the volume flow.
[0054] The proportional valve 23b may be constructed in such a way, for example, that an annular gap, through which the fill product flows, can be varied in its dimension. The operating position of the proportional valve 23b, thus for example the currently switched size/dimension of the annular gap, is known and can be set in a reproducible manner, for example by use of a stepper motor to drive the proportional valve 23b.
[0055] The proportional valve 23b can be used to define one or more characteristics of the filling curve (cf.
[0056] The fill product is stored temporarily in a fill-product reservoir 25 before it is actually filled into the containers 100 to be filled, the fill-product reservoir 25 being shown here in the form of a central tank of a revolving filler. In an alternative embodiment, the fill-product reservoir 25 may also be realized in the form of a ring tank, a ring line or a distributor feed.
[0057] In the fill-product reservoir 25, the fill product is filled to a particular fill level and can flow from there, via a fill-product line 26, which here exemplarily has a first line portion section 26a, a second line section 26b, a third line section 26c and a fourth line section 26d, to the fill valve 23, and from there be introduced into the container 100 to be filled.
[0058] In addition to the proportional valve 23b for controlling or regulating the flow of fill product, a flow meter 27 is further provided, which is configured for detecting the fluid quantity, or the volume flow, of the fill product flowing through the fill-product line 26. By means of the flow meter 27, if necessary, the quantity of fill product introduced into the container 100 can also be determined, for instance by integrating or adding up the determined volume flow. In this way, after a desired fill product level has been reached in the container 100, the filling process can be terminated by closing the proportional valve 23b and/or by closing a shut-off valve, not shown here. As an alternative to the flow meter 27, other sensors may also be used, such as, for example, load cells and/or short-circuit probes. Alternatively, a sensor can be dispensed with if a time filling process is used that is based, for example, on calculation models for determining the volume flow.
[0059] The filling valve 23 including the proportional valve 23b, the flow meter 27 and sections of the fill-product line 26, such as the line sections 26b, 26c and 26d, may form a conceptual and/or structural unit, or component, which is referred to herein as a filling element 22.
[0060] The filling device 20 shown in
[0061] The filling device 20 may comprise—as a constituent part of or external to the filling element 22—one or more filters 28, which in several embodiments are arranged between the first section 26a and the second section 26b of the fill-product line 26. The filter 28 is configured to perform a cleaning of the fill product prior to filling, for example in order to filter out particles, viruses, bacteria, germs, fungi, etc. from the fill product.
[0062] The current fill level of the fill product in the fill-product reservoir 25 may be measured, for example, by means of a fill-level probe 25a.
[0063] The filling device 20 further comprises a filler control system 29, which is configured to communicate with the filling element 22. In particular, the filler control system 29 is in communication with the proportional valve 23b, the fill-level probe 25a and the flow meter 27, in order to define the current operating position of the proportional valve 23b by use of the volume flow values determined by the flow meter 27. Furthermore, an evaluation of the fill level in the fill-product reservoir 25 may be effected by means of the filler control system 29. The fill-level probe 25a and the flow meter 27 are, for example, sensors for monitoring the filling process.
[0064] Referring back to
[0065] The plant control system 9 may be realized as an LMS (line management system) that monitors and/or controls the various stations of the beverage filling plant 1, for example via communication with the subordinate, station-specific control means 19, 29, 39.
[0066] The filler control system 29 (possibly acting in combination with the plant control system 9) is configured to control the filling element 22 of the filling device 20 in such a way that the fill product is introduced into the container 100 in the desired quantity and at the desired rate. For this purpose, there may be one or more process parameter sets, which specify the process behaviour of the filling device 20, for example pressures, depressurisation times and the like, stored in the filler control system 29 or system control system 9. These parameter sets are usually preset and may be assigned, for example, to different fill product types that are to be filled.
[0067] In the simplest case, the fill product is introduced into the container 100 at a constant flow velocity, or a constant volume flow. A more complex, exemplary filling curve K, which represents the flow velocity when the fill product is introduced into the container 100 as a function of time, is shown in
[0068] At the beginning of the filling operation, in the filling curve section KA, filling is effected at a main flow velocity of, for example, 170 ml/s until a particular quantity of, for example, 795 ml is present in the container 100. Then, in the filling curve section KB, the flow velocity is reduced to the final flow velocity of, for example, 100 ml/s. The final flow velocity is reached at a filling quantity of, for example, 890 ml. This final flow velocity is then used to finish filling, in the filling curve section KC, until the desired filling quantity of, for example, 1000 ml is reached. This gives the filling time in nominal operation.
[0069] The actual shape of the filling curve K can depend on the fill product to be filled, container format (size, geometry, material, etc.), filler output and other variables. Commissioning of the beverage filling plant 1, a change of product type, a change of container format or the like is effected, for example, by an operator selecting a previously created configuration in the menu of an HMI module 9a (“human-machine interface module”), cf.
[0070] Of the selected configuration, process parameters (filling pressure, pressurisation time, filling curve, etc.) are stored as a data record in the plant control system 9 and/or the control means 19, 29, 39, which are used to control the beverage filling plant 1.
[0071] The plant control system 9 and/or one of the subordinate control means 19, 29, 39 are/is in communication with an electronic means 200 for automatic process adjustment of the beverage filling plant 1. The means 200, also referred to herein as “process adjustment means”, is for example an external control system within the access range of the manufacturer of the container handling plant, or beverage filling plant 1.
[0072] The process adjustment means 200 calculates adjusted process parameters from real-time process data of the beverage filling plant 1, such as, for instance, sensor data, inputs from the operating personnel, camera recordings, etc., and writes them in some embodiments cyclically, for example every minute, to the plant control system 9 and/or into the subordinate control means 19, 29, 39 of the corresponding container handling stations, enabling the processing operation to be adjusted in real time to any change. The predefined process parameter sets in this case can be directly overwritten, or alternatively the process parameters generated/optimised by the process adjustment means 200 are written to another location and read-out and used there by the corresponding control means 9, 19, 29, 39.
[0073] With regard to the filling device 20, the process adjustment means 200 may calculate and, if necessary, vary for example process parameters, such as the filling pressure, the pressurisation time, filling rate, filling curve K, pause(s) and depressurisation time(s), from the real-time process data.
[0074] Alternatively or additionally, the adjusted process parameters calculated by the process adjustment means 200 may be optimised with inputs made by an operator into the HMI module 9a being taken into account. For this purpose, the HMI module 9a may be equipped with a user app 9b (cf.
[0075] Such optimisation of process parameters with the aid of a user app 9b, which accordingly communicates with the process adjustment means 200 via the HMI module 9a, has the advantage that substantially less expertise is required at the location of the beverage filling plant 1 for commissioning, a change of product type, troubleshooting, etc. The central feedback of data to the process adjustment means 200, which is in several embodiments located with the manufacturer, simplifies and stabilises the operation of the beverage filling plant 1. In addition, fewer product types, container formats, etc. can be preconfigured in the plant control system 9 or the subordinate control means 19, 29, 39, which further simplifies the operation and handling of the beverage filling plant 1.
[0076] The real-time process data sent to the process adjustment means 200 and/or the optimisations initiated via the user app 9b may also be acquired and used to develop calculation rules (calculation formulas, algorithms, etc.) from which the process parameters for controlling the beverage filling plant 1 are obtained. For this purpose, a development means 300 may be provided, which is in communication with the process adjustment means 200, or is a constituent part thereof, and is configured to generate and/or optimise, from the real-time process data and/or the optimisations initiated via the user app 9b, calculation rules for determining process parameters. The development means 300 may thus develop and/or optimise, for example, calculation rules for product type parameters of the filling device 20. These calculation rules receive, for example, as input product variables (Brix level, CO.sub.2 content, product temperature, etc.), container format variables (container volume, headspace volume, neck finish cross-section, container shape, neck finish shape, container material, etc.), plant output and the like, and calculate associated process parameters that are stored as a selectable configuration in the plant control system 9 and/or in the corresponding control means 19, 29, 39, or are automatically used by the corresponding control means 9, 19, 29, 39. The aforementioned calculation rules may be optimised by self-learning algorithms, such that in practice a continuous and largely automated optimisation of the calculation rules, as well as process parameters, can be effected, due to the data feedback of the beverage filling plants 1.
[0077]
[0078] In this example, the process adjustment means 200 obtains real-time process data from the container production control system 19 and the filler control system 29 for the purpose of automatic process adjustment. The real-time process data, recorded by sensors, cameras, etc., includes, for example, current fill levels, product quality (Brix level, CO.sub.2 content, etc.), over-foaming tendency, flow-through measurements, pressures and the like.
[0079] The process adjustment means 200 further relates configuration data from a configurator 400, which configure the processing operation of the process adjustment means 200, for example determining what real-time process data to use in optimisation, and towards what optimisation goal (filler performance, minimisation of rejects, etc.) these are to be processed. The configuration data may ensue from or take into account user inputs from the HMI module 9a.
[0080] The process adjustment means 200 is equipped, for example, with a checking section 210 for checking the received data quality, a programmable logic section 220 for computing operations, an error processing section 230 for correcting and/or reporting any errors. From the aforementioned inputs from the container production control system 19, filler control system 29, configurator 400, and HMI module 9a, the process adjustment means 200 calculates process parameters that are used to control the filling device 20. Focusing on the filling device 20, the following process parameters, for example, may be set automatically: filling pressure, pressurisation time, pressurisation pressure, filling rate, filling curve, depressurisation time and/or tank pressure. The process parameters optimised in this way may be assigned to a product type or structured in another way. Furthermore, the calculated process parameters may either be used directly to control the filling device, or the process parameters are written to the corresponding control means, thereby influencing the handling process. The process parameters optimised to control the filling device 20 may be saved for later use, for example in a local storage or cloud storage 500.
[0081] The optimisation by the process adjustment means 200 may be effected at regular intervals, for example every minute, and/or triggered by an event. Such an event may be triggered, for example, by the real-time process data, for instance if a threshold value is exceeded or not attained, or by a change in the configuration data.
[0082] The filling process optimisation is effected on different levels that are logically, spatially or otherwise separated from each other or may differ from each other. Thus, the container production control system 19, filler control system 29, filling device 20 and the corresponding sensor technology for obtaining the real-time process data are a constituent part of the beverage filling plant 1, while the process adjustment means 200 for automatic process adjustment, the configurator 400, the HMI module 9a, with any user app 9b, and the cloud storage 500 may be located elsewhere, i.e. physically separated from the beverage filling plant 1.
[0083] As an example, the schematic diagram of
[0084] A plant optimised in this way operates in a substantially more stable manner overall. Commissioning, a change of product type, troubleshooting, etc. are substantially faster and safer.
[0085] Substantially less expertise is required at the location of the beverage filling plant 1 to commission and reliably operate the beverage filling plant 1, since the configuration and control of the plant are at least partially outsourced to external means. This reduces the amount of training required and causes fewer problems in the event of any personnel fluctuations on the part of the users of beverage filling plant 1. The centralised optimisation helps to reduce rejects on the customer side.
[0086] A central feedback of data from the beverage filling plant 1 and the associated processing is implemented, which allows for designs based on real values in the field. This “feedback loop” accelerates product development and product improvement on the manufacturer's side, as a stream of real data from practical application is now available for plant designs, laboratories, and new and further developments.
[0087] As far as applicable, all individual features represented in the exemplary embodiments can be combined and/or exchanged with each other without departure from the scope of the invention