ROLLER CRUSHER, A METHOD FOR MONITORING PHYSICAL CONDITIONS THEREOF, AND A REFITTING KIT
20220395840 · 2022-12-15
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
B30B3/04
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B02C4/32
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
International classification
B02C25/00
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
Abstract
The disclosure relates to a roller crusher that includes a frame, first and second crusher rolls arranged axially in parallel with each other and a deflection distributor. The roller crusher further includes at least one load sensor configured to detect a material load in the deflection distributor and at least one positioning sensor configured to detect a parameter pertaining to a distance between a first point and a second point of the roller crusher. At least the first point is defined on the deflection distributor or on one of movable bearing housings of the roller crusher. The disclosure further relates to a method for monitoring the physical condition of the deflection distributor and to a refitting kit for a roller crusher.
Claims
1. A roller crusher, said roller crusher comprising; a frame; first and second crusher rolls arranged axially in parallel with each other, said first crusher roll being supported in bearing housings which are arranged in the frame, said second crusher roll being supported in bearing housings which are configured to be movable; and an active hydraulic system configured to adjust the position of the second crusher roll and a crushing pressure between the two crusher rolls, wherein the roller crusher further comprises a deflection distributor, wherein said deflection distributor comprises a deflection distributing shaft, mounts for attaching said deflection distributing shaft at said frame of said roller crusher and thrust rods each having first and second ends, wherein a first end of each of said thrust rods is attached to said deflection distributing shaft via a lever, and wherein a second end of each of said thrust rods is attached to a movable bearing housing of said second crusher roll, wherein the roller crusher further comprises: at least one load sensor configured to detect material load in the deflection distributor; and at least one positioning sensor configured to detect a parameter pertaining to a distance between a first point and a second point of the roller crusher wherein at least the first point is defined on the deflection distributor or on one of the movable bearing housings.
2. The roller crusher according to claim 1, wherein the at least one load sensor comprises a plurality of load sensors and the at least one positioning sensor comprises a plurality of positioning sensors.
3. The roller crusher according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit configured to determine, based at least on input from the at least one positioning sensor, a degree of joint clearance in the deflection distributor indicative of material wear.
4. The roller crusher according to claim 3, wherein the control unit is further configured to determine, based on input from the at least one load sensor and the at least one positioning sensor, a degree of rigidity in the deflection distributor indicative of material fatigue.
5. The roller crusher according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the at least one load sensor is a load sensor pin.
6. The roller crusher according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the at least one positioning sensor is a linear positioning sensor.
7. The roller crusher according to claim 1, wherein the at least one positioning sensor comprises a first and a second positioning sensor arranged at opposite ends of the second crusher roll such that each of the first and second positioning sensor has its respective first point defined on a respective movable bearing housing, and its respective second point defined on the frame.
8. The roller crusher according to claim 1, wherein the at least one load sensor comprises two load sensors each arranged at a respective joint between a first end of each of said thrust rods and a respective lever of the deflection distributing shaft.
9. The roller crusher according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the at least one load sensor and at least one of the at least one positioning sensor are arranged on the deflection distributing shaft and configured to detect a torsional load and an angle of twist, respectively.
10. The roller crusher according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the at least one load sensor and at least one of the at least one positioning sensor are arranged on each of the thrust rods and configured to detect an axial load and a linear distance, respectively.
11. The roller crusher according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the at least one positioning sensor is arranged on the deflection distributor such that its first point is defined on the deflection distributing shaft and its second point is defined on one of the thrust rods.
12. A method for monitoring the physical condition of a deflection distributor of a roller crusher, wherein said deflection distributor comprises a deflection distributing shaft, thrust rods each having first and second ends and mounts for attachment of said deflection distributing shaft at a first and a second side of a frame of said roller crusher, wherein a first end of each of said thrust rods is attached to said deflection distributing shaft via a lever, wherein a second end of each of said thrust rods is attached to a movable bearing housing of said roller crusher, at least one load sensor configured to detect material load in the deflection distributor, and at least one positioning sensor configured to detect a parameter pertaining to a distance between a first point and a second point of the roller crusher, wherein at least the first point is defined on the deflection distributor or on one of the movable bearing housings, said method comprising: displacing the movable bearing housings with respect to each other such that the deflection distributor is moved from a first identified rigid state at which joint clearance does not affect the deflection distributor, via an intermediate state at which joint clearance affect the deflection distributor, to a second identified rigid state at which joint clearance does not affect the deflection distributor; determining, based on output from the at least one positioning sensor obtained at the first and the second rigid states, respectively, a displacement distance indicative of a degree of joint clearance in the deflection distributor.
13. The method according to claim 12, wherein said first and second rigid states of the deflection distributor are identified based on output from the at least one load sensor.
14. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: further displacing, by applying an external load to the deflection distributor, the movable bearing housings with respect to each other such that the deflection distributor is moved to a third rigid state located outside of a range defined between the first and the second rigid states; determining, based on output from the at least one load sensor, a load in the deflection distributor and, based on output from the at least one positioning sensor, a further displacement distance, wherein said determined load and said determined further displacement distance together defines a determined load-distance pair which is indicative of a degree of rigidity in the deflection distributor.
15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising: varying the applied external load to the deflection distributor such that the deflection distributor is moved between the third rigid state and the second rigid state; repeating the step of determining a load-distance pair for one or more mutually different detected loads so as to provide two or more unique load-distance pairs; determining a load-distance function based on the coordinates defined by the two or more unique load-distance pairs, wherein the load-distance function is indicative of a degree of rigidity in the deflection distributor.
16. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: comparing said displacement distance with a predetermined displacement distance threshold value; outputting a joint clearance alert signal in response to said displacement distance exceeding said displacement distance threshold value.
17. The method according to claim 15, further comprising: comparing said determined load-distance function with a reference function; outputting a rigidity alert signal in response to a slope of said determined load-distance function deviating from a slope of said reference function by more than a predetermined slope threshold value.
18. A deflection distributor refitting kit for a roller crusher, the deflection distributor refitting kit comprising a deflection distributing shaft, thrust rods each having first and second ends and mounts for attachment of said deflection distributing shaft at a first and a second side of a frame of said roller crusher, wherein a first end of each of said thrust rods is attached to said deflection distributing shaft via a lever, and wherein a second end of each of said thrust rods is arranged to be attached to a movable bearing housing of said roller crusher, wherein the deflection distributor refitting kit further comprises: at least one load sensor configured to detect material load in the deflection distributor refitting kit; and at least one positioning sensor configured, when mounted on the roller crusher, to detect a parameter pertaining to a distance between a first point and a second point of said roller crusher wherein at least the first point is defined on the deflection distributor refitting kit or on one of the movable bearing housings.
19. The deflection distributor refitting kit according to claim 18, wherein the at least one positioning sensor comprises a first positioning sensor configured to be mounted on the first side of the frame and a second positioning sensor configured to be mounted on the second side of the frame such that each of the first and second positioning sensors has its respective first point defined on a respective movable bearing housing, and its respective second point defined on the frame.
20. The deflection distributor refitting kit according to claim 18, wherein the at least one load sensor comprises two load sensors each arranged at a respective joint between a first end of each of said thrust rods and a respective lever of the deflection distributing shaft.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE DRAWINGS
[0070] The invention will by way of example be described in more detail with reference to the appended drawings, which shows presently preferred embodiments of the invention.
[0071]
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0080] The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which currently preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided for thoroughness and completeness, and fully convey the scope of the invention to the skilled person.
[0081]
[0082] The roller crusher 1 further comprises a deflection distributor 100. The deflection distributor 100 comprises a deflection distributing shaft 20 and levers 25, 25′ attached at respective ends of the deflection distributing shaft 20. Further, arranged at each end of the deflection distributing shaft 20 is a mount 24, 24′ which is used to mount the deflection distributing shaft 20 of the deflection distributor 100 to the frame 2 of the roller crusher 1. The deflection distributing shaft 20 comprises rotational bearings, preferably spherical bearings, in each end thereof allowing the deflection distributing shaft 20 to rotate in relation to the mounts 24, 24′ at positions 30C and 30C′ respectively. The levers 25, 25′ each comprise a shank 26, 26′ which are attached with a first end thereof to the deflection distributing shaft 20 and which extends in a radial or tangential direction of the deflection distributing shaft 20. Attached to a second end of each of the levers 26, 26′ is a first end 27, 27′ of a thrust rod 21, 21′. Second ends 28, 28′ of the thrust rods are attached to the moveable bearing housings 8, 8′ of the roller crusher 1. As can be seen in
[0083] The roller crusher 1 further comprises a set of sensors, which will be discussed in detail below. To increase clarity, said sensors have not been illustrated in
[0084] The roller crusher 1 further comprises at least one load sensor 110A-B configured to detect material load in the deflection distributor 100. In the example embodiment illustrated in
[0085] The roller crusher 1 further comprises at least one positioning sensor 120, 120′ configured to detect a distance between a first point 121, 121′ and a second point 122, 122′ of the roller crusher 1. For the example embodiment illustrated in
[0086] As realized by the person skilled in the art, this arrangement allows for determining the positions of the end points defined by the entire mechanical linkage which makes up the deflection distributor 100. Determining the positions of said end points in relation to each other allows for determining, or estimating, the overall, or total, joint clearance of the deflection distributor 100. Joint clearance is a kind of mechanical hysteresis which occurs in all real mechanically linked systems, and it typically increases with mechanical wear.
[0087] For at least this purpose, the roller crusher 1 further comprises a control unit 150 configured to determine, based at least on input from the at least one positioning sensor 120, 120′, a degree of joint clearance in the deflection distributor 100 indicative of material wear. The control unit 150 is further configured to determine, based on input from the at least one load sensor 110, 110′ and the at least one positioning sensor 120, 120′, a degree of rigidity in the deflection distributor 100 indicative of material fatigue. The control unit 150 is operatively connected to the at least one load sensor 110, 110′ and to the at least one positioning sensor 120, 120′.
[0088] The control unit may include a control circuit and an associated processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU), microcontroller, or microprocessor. The processor being configured to execute program code stored in a memory, in order to carry out functions and operations of the roller crusher 1. Functions and operations of the control unit may be embodied in the form of executable logic routines (e.g., lines of code, software programs, etc.) that are stored on a non-transitory computer readable medium (e.g., the memory) of the control unit and are executed by the control circuit (e.g., using the processor). Furthermore, the functions and operations of the control unit may be a stand-alone software application or form a part of a software application that carries out additional tasks related to the control unit.
[0089] A method for monitoring the physical condition of a deflection distributor of a roller crusher will now be described in detail with reference to
[0090] The method comprises displacing S101 the movable bearing housings 8, 8′ with respect to each other such that the deflection distributor 100 is moved from a first identified rigid state S1 at which joint clearance does not affect the deflection distributor 100, via an intermediate state S0 at which joint clearance affect the deflection distributor 100, to a second identified rigid state S2 at which joint clearance does not affect the deflection distributor 100. This displacement step S101 is illustrated in
[0091]
[0092] During displacement of the movable bearing housings 8, 8′ with respect to each other, the deflection distributor 100 as well as the second roller 4 will move therewith into an intermediate state S0 which is illustrated in
[0093] Continuing the displacement of the movable bearing housings 8, 8′ with respect to each other will eventually lead to the deflection distributor 100 reaching a state at which no further displacement is possible without subjecting the deflection distributor 100 to a load high enough to initiate deformation of its mechanical parts. This state is termed the second rigid state S2 and is illustrated in
[0094] The method further comprises determining S102, based on output from the at least one positioning sensor 120, 120′ obtained at the first S1 and the second S2 rigid states, respectively, a displacement distance D0 indicative of a degree of joint clearance in the deflection distributor 100. For the example embodiment of
[0095] The displacement distance D0 could be determined in different ways. As an example, the displacement of movable bearing housing 8 may first be determined by calculating the difference between the value of the distance between the first point 121 and a second point 122 determined at the first rigid state S1 and the second rigid state S2 respectively. Similarly, the displacement of movable bearing housing 8′ may be determined by calculating the difference between the value of the distance between the first point 121′ and a second point 122′ determined at the first rigid state S1 and the second rigid state S2 respectively. Finally, the displacement distance D0 may be determined by the sum of the determined displacements of the movable bearing housings 8, 8′.
[0096] The method is however not limited to determining a total displacement distance indicating a total joint clearance. The displacement distance may alternatively be defined over one or a group of joints and hence reflect the joint clearance in said one joint or said group of joints. In such a case, a positioning sensor may be arranged to measure between points on either side of said joint or group of joints.
[0097] The first S1 and second S2 rigid states of the deflection distributor 100 may advantageously be identified based on output from the at least one load sensor 110, 110′. The first S1 and/or the second S2 states of the deflection distributor 100 could be identified by detecting a load using the at least one load sensor 110, 110′, comparing the detected load to a load threshold value L0, and identify the first S1 and/or the second S2 rigid state at the state of the deflection distributor 100 at which the determined load is found to exceed a load threshold value L0. This is illustrated most clearly in
[0098] As illustrated in
[0099] The method further comprises determining S104, based on output from the at least one load sensor 110, 110′, a load L1 in the deflection distributor 100 and, based on output from the at least one positioning sensor 120, 120′, a further displacement distance D1, wherein said determined load L1 and said determined further displacement distance D1 together defines a determined load-distance pair (L1, D1) which is indicative of a degree of rigidity in the deflection distributor 100. This method step is illustrated most clearly in
[0100] The method further comprises comparing S105 said displacement distance D0 with a predetermined displacement distance threshold value DT0, and outputting S106 a joint clearance alert signal in response to said displacement distance D0 exceeding said displacement distance threshold value DT0.
[0101] The method further comprises comparing S110 a ratio R between said determined load L1 and said determined further displacement distance D1 with a reference ratio R0, and outputting S111 a rigidity alert signal in response to said ratio R deviating from the reference ratio R0 by more than a threshold ratio value RT.
[0102]
[0103] The alternative embodiment of the method comprises varying S207 the applied external load to the deflection distributor 100 such that the deflection distributor 100 is moved between the third S3 rigid state and the second S2 rigid state; repeating S208 the step of determining a load-distance pair for one or more mutually different detected loads L2, L3 so as to provide two or more unique load-distance pairs (L1, D1); (L2, D2); (L3, D3), and determining S209 a load-distance function F based on the coordinates defined by the two or more unique load-distance pairs (L1, D1); (L2, D2); (L3, D3), wherein the load-distance function F is Indicative of a degree of rigidity in the deflection distributor 100. These method steps are most clearly illustrated in
[0104] This embodiment of the method further comprises comparing S210 said determined load-distance function F with a reference function F0; and outputting S211 a rigidity alert signal in response to a slope S of said determined load-distance function F deviating from a slope D0 of said reference function F0 by more than a predetermined slope threshold value ST. Steps S210 and S211 for the second embodiment of the method corresponds to steps S110 and S111 for the first embodiment.
[0105]
[0106] The person skilled in the art realizes that the two embodiments are based on the same general idea, the difference merely being the second embodiment of the method utilizing more measurement points. The two embodiments may thus have different advantages. The first embodiment only requires a single measurement point and may therefore provide results faster, whereas the second embodiment derives an average over many data points and may therefore be expected to provide a higher accuracy in its predictions.
[0107] A deflection distributor refitting kit 100′ for a roller crusher will now be described with reference to
[0108] The deflection distributor refitting kit 100′ comprises a deflection distributing shaft 20, thrust rods 21, 21′ each having first 27, 27′ and second 28, 28′ ends and mounts 24, 24′ for attachment of said deflection distributing shaft 20 at a first 50 and a second 50′ side of a frame of said roller crusher, wherein a first end 27, 27′ of each of said thrust rods 21, 21′ is attached to said deflection distributing shaft 20 via a lever 26, 26′, and wherein a second end 28, 28′ of each of said thrust rods 20 is arranged to be attached to a movable bearing housing of said roller crusher. The deflection distributor refitting kit 100′ further comprises at least one load sensor 110, 110′ configured to detect material load in the deflection distributor refitting kit 100′; and at least one positioning sensor 120, 120′ configured to detect a parameter pertaining to a distance between a first point 121, 121′ and a second point 122, 122′, wherein at least the first point 121, 121′ is defined on the deflection distributor refitting kit 100′ or on one of the movable bearing housings. The at least one positioning sensor 120, 120′ comprises a first positioning sensor 120 configured to be mounted on the first side 50 of the frame and a second positioning sensor 120′ configured to be mounted on the second side 50′ of the frame such that each of the first and second positioning sensors has its respective first point 121, 121′ defined on a respective movable bearing housing, and its respective second point 122, 122′ defined on the frame. The at least one load sensor 121, 121′ comprises two load sensors each arranged at a respective joint between a first end 27, 27′ of each of said thrust rods 21, 21′ and a respective lever 26, 26′ of the deflection distributing shaft 20.
[0109] The person skilled in the art realizes that the present invention by no means is limited to the preferred embodiments described above. On the contrary, many modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims. Additionally, variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by the skilled person in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims.