TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATOR (TENG) AND SELF-DRIVEN WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION SENSING DEVICE

Abstract

A triboelectric nanogenerator with slit effect (SE-TENG) and a self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device are provided. The TENG includes a wind cavity with slit effect, a triboelectric layer, a hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) film, and indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. The wind cavity is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end. A layer of the electrode and a triboelectric layer are fixedly adhered to the upper surface and the lower surface of an inner wall of the wind cavity. The wind cavity is provided with a horizontally arranged support bar perpendicular to a wind direction in a middle close to the inlet end. The HEC film includes one end fixedly adhered to the support bar, and the other end extending freely toward the outlet end. The sensing device includes a plurality of SE-TENGs which is fixed on a circumference of a ring.

Claims

1. A self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device, wherein the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device comprises at least one triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and an electrometer data acquisition (DAQ) board, wherein the TENG is arranged on the electrometer DAQ board; the TENG comprises a wind cavity, a triboelectric layer, and a hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) film, wherein the wind cavity is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, one triboelectric layer is fixedly adhered to an upper surface of an inner wall of the wind cavity and a lower surface of the inner wall of the wind cavity, respectively, the wind cavity is provided with a horizontally arranged support bar perpendicular to a wind direction in a middle adjacent to the inlet end, and the HEC film comprises one end fixedly adhered to the support bar, and the other end extending freely toward the outlet end; wherein the wind cavity comprises the inlet end connected to a horn-shaped cavity and the outlet end connected to a curved upward cavity; wherein the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device is prepared according to the following method, comprising: 1) processing the wind cavity by 3D printing; 2) preparing the HEC film: adding a fiber powder to water or an ethanol aqueous solution, adding a plasticizer, heating in a water bath to mix the solution evenly, evaporating a solvent, and drying to obtain the HEC film; 3) fixing one end of the HEC film on the support bar of the wind cavity, adhering a layer of a conductive material as an electrode to the upper surface of the inner wall of the wind cavity and the lower surface of the inner wall of the wind cavity, respectively, and adhering a layer of a triboelectric material outside the electrode with the triboelectric material completely covering the electrode; 4) connecting lead wires from a top electrode and a bottom electrode to two pins at an alternating-current (AC) terminal of a rectifier bridge and connecting the other two pins of the rectifier bridge to an external power receiving equipment to form the complete TENG; 5) distributing eight TENGs on a circumference of a ring at an interval of a central angle of 45? in a radial direction and cooperating with the electrometer DAQ board to form the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device.

2. The self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device according to claim 1, wherein eight TENGs are arranged, the eight TENGs are fixed on a circumference of a ring at an interval of a central angle of 45? in a radial direction, the eight TENGs are connected to the electrometer DAQ board, and electrical signals generated by the TENGs are acquired and processed through the electrometer DAQ board and are wirelessly transmitted to a mobile terminal in real-time through bluetooth.

3. The self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device according to claim 1, wherein the triboelectric layer is made from one selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyimide (Kapton), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), silicone rubber (Ecoflex), polylactic acid (PLA), and others.

4. The self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device according to claim 1, wherein a layer of a conductive material is adhered or plated between the triboelectric layer and the inner wall of the wind cavity as an electrode.

5. The self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device according to claim 4, wherein the conductive material is one selected from the group consisting of conductive materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO), silver nanowires, copper, aluminum, and others.

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11. A preparation method for the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device according to claim 1, comprising: 1) processing the wind cavity by 3D printing; 2) preparing the HEC film: adding a fiber powder to water or an ethanol aqueous solution, adding a plasticizer, heating in a water bath to mix the solution evenly, evaporating a solvent, and drying to obtain the HEC film; 3) fixing one end of the HEC film on the support bar of the wind cavity, adhering a layer of a conductive material as an electrode to the upper surface of the inner wall of the wind cavity and the lower surface of the inner wall of the wind cavity, respectively, and adhering a layer of a triboelectric material outside the electrode with the triboelectric material completely covering the electrode; 4) connecting lead wires from a top electrode and a bottom electrode to two pins at an AC terminal of a rectifier bridge, and connecting the other two pins of the rectifier bridge to an external power receiving equipment to form the complete TENG; and 5) distributing eight TENGs on a circumference of a ring at an interval of a central angle of 45? in a radial direction and cooperating with the electrometer DAQ board to form the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device.

12. The preparation method for the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device according to claim 11, wherein the plasticizer is a mixture of glucose and urea.

13. The preparation method for the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device according to claim 12, wherein step 2) specifically comprises weighing and adding 1-5 g of HEC, 0.3-1.5 g of glucose, and 0.1-0.5 g of urea into 100 mL of deionized water, stirring and heating in the water bath at 50? C. for 60 min, centrifuging and degassing an obtained solution at 10,000 r/min for 5 min, pouring the solution into a petri dish to bake for 6-12 h, and equilibrating under a 30-80% air humidity for 3 h to obtain the HEC film.

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21. The preparation method according to claim 11, wherein in the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device, eight TENGs are arranged, the eight TENGs are fixed on a circumference of a ring at an interval of a central angle of 45? in a radial direction, the eight TENGs are connected to the electrometer DAQ board, and electrical signals generated by the TENGs are acquired and processed through the electrometer DAQ board and are wirelessly transmitted to a mobile terminal in real-time through bluetooth.

22. The preparation method according to claim 11, wherein in the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device, the triboelectric layer is made from one selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyimide (Kapton), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), silicone rubber (Ecoflex), polylactic acid (PLA), and others.

23. The preparation method according to claim 11, wherein in the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device, a layer of a conductive material is adhered or plated between the triboelectric layer and the inner wall of the wind cavity as an electrode.

24. The preparation method according to claim 23, wherein in the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device, the conductive material is one selected from the group consisting of conductive materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO), silver nanowires, copper, aluminum, and others.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a SE-TENG designed in the present disclosure.

[0046] FIG. 2 is a graph showing the cycle stability test results of the SE-TENG.

[0047] FIG. 3 shows a relationship between an output voltage signal of the SE-TENG and the thickness of PDMS in an electron capturing layer.

[0048] FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between the output voltage signal of the SE-TENG and a thickness of an HEC film in an electron donating layer.

[0049] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of cavity height optimization of the SE-TENG.

[0050] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of cavity length optimization of the SE-TENG.

[0051] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the HEC film length optimization of the SE-TENG.

[0052] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the specific dimensions of the SE-TENG designed by the present disclosure.

[0053] FIG. 9 shows a self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device composed of eight SE-TENGs designed by the present disclosure.

[0054] FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of a voltage generated by any wind cavity of the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device designed by the present disclosure under different wind speeds.

[0055] FIG. 11 is a graph showing the results of a current generated by any wind cavity of the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device designed by the present disclosure under different wind speeds.

[0056] FIG. 12 shows a linear fitting relationship between the wind speed and the voltage of any wind cavity of the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device designed by the present disclosure.

[0057] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of wind direction sensing of a wind cavity in an S direction of the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device designed by the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0058] The present disclosure is described in further detail below regarding the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

[0059] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 8, a TENG is a SE-TENG based on the slit effect and an HEC film. The TENG includes a wind cavity, a triboelectric layer, an HEC film, and ITO electrodes. The wind cavity is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end. A connecting line between the inlet end and the outlet end of the wind cavity is arranged parallel to and towards a wind direction. The wind cavity includes the inlet end connected to a horn-shaped cavity and the outlet end connected to a curved upward cavity.

[0060] One triboelectric layer is fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of an inner wall of the wind cavity. The upper and lower triboelectric layers are arranged in parallel. The wind cavity is provided with a horizontally arranged support bar perpendicular to a wind direction in the middle close to the inlet end. The HEC film includes one end fixedly adhered to the support bar and the other end extending freely toward the outlet end. A layer of conductive material is adhered or plated between the triboelectric layer and the inner wall of the wind cavity as an electrode. The HEC film is used as a triboelectric electron donating layer, and the triboelectric electron donating layer is adhered to the middle of the wind cavity.

[0061] A distance between the upper and triboelectric layers is greater than the HEC film thickness, and the HEC film vibrates and swings with the wind when blown by the wind in the gap between the upper and lower triboelectric layers and reciprocates to contact the triboelectric layer, like a piece of cloth blown by the wind. The electrical signal output of the SE-TENG is realized through the contact and separation motion between the HEC film and the triboelectric layer.

[0062] The TENG of the present disclosure has four working modes, vertical contact-separation mode, lateral sliding mode, single-electrode mode, and freestanding triboelectric-layer mode. All the four modes work.

[0063] Or the positions of the triboelectric layer and the HEC film are replaced with each other, that is, the triboelectric layer is adhered to the support bar of the wind cavity, and the HEC film is adhered to the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the wind cavity.

[0064] In a specific implementation, the wind cavity of the SE-TENG can be prepared by 3D printing. The horn-shaped cavity at the inlet of the wind cavity has a large diameter and a relatively narrow interior, such that the tiny wind can be amplified by the slit effect to realize high-sensitivity wind speed sensing. One side of the HEC film is fixed in the middle of the wind cavity, and the other side is free. PDMS films and ITO electrodes are attached to the upper and lower inner walls of the wind cavity, and two wires are led from the top and bottom electrodes.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 8, the working area inside the wind cavity has a size of 7 cm?5 cm?1 cm. Both the HEC and PDMS films used have a thickness of 100 ?m.

[0066] In the present disclosure, the electrical signal generated by the SE-TENG is correlated with the wind speed, and the wind speed is sensed by the strength of the electrical signal generated by the SE-TENG. A higher strength of the electrical signal generated by the SE-TENG indicates a greater wind speed.

[0067] In a specific implementation, a plurality of SE-TENGs can be arranged at intervals on the circumference of the same ring. In addition, the plurality of SE-TENGs arranged along the circumference is used for sensing in different directions and orientations, and the wind direction is obtained by synthesizing the strength of the electrical signal of the plurality of SE-TENGs.

[0068] In the present disclosure, the HEC film prepared by the casting method is used for constructing the SE-TENG, and the HEC film can be cut into any desired shape.

[0069] The preparation process of the SE-TENG of the present disclosure was as follows [0070] (1) The wind cavity was processed by 3D printing. [0071] (2) The HEC film was prepared as a triboelectric electron donating material: Fiber powder was added to water or an ethanol aqueous solution, and a plasticizer was added. Heating was conducted in a water bath to mix the solution evenly, the solvent was evaporated, and drying was conducted to obtain the HEC film with uniform texture and excellent transparency.

[0072] Step (2) specifically included: 4 g of HEC, 1.5 g of glucose, and 0.5 g of urea were weighed and added into 100 mL of deionized water, and stirred and heated in a water bath at 50? C. for 60 min. The obtained solution was centrifuged and degassed at 10,000 r/min for 5 min, and the solution was poured into a petri dish to bake for 12 h, and equilibrated under 50% air humidity for 3 h to obtain the HEC film. [0073] (3) One end of the HEC film was fixed on the support bar of the wind cavity. A layer of conductive material was adhered as an electrode to the upper surface and the lower surface of the inner wall of the wind cavity, respectively, and a layer of triboelectric material was adhered outside the electrode with the triboelectric material completely covering the electrode. [0074] (4) Lead wires from the top and bottom electrodes were connected to two pins at an AC terminal of a rectifier bridge, and the other two pins of the rectifier bridge were connected to external power receiving equipment to form the complete SE-TENG.

[0075] A working principle of the SE-TENG of the present disclosure was as follows.

[0076] When the wind blew, the HEC film contacted and was separated from the PDMS under the driving vibration of the wind, converting the wind energy into electric energy. In addition, the slit effect of the cavity could amplify the weak wind signal, such that the SE-TENG had ultra-high sensitivity to external stimuli, and the speed was as low as 0.5 m/s. The wind in the farmland caused the vibration of the HEC film in the cavity in the corresponding direction, and the induced electrical signals could be obtained from the top and bottom electrodes of the cavity.

[0077] In a specific implementation, the external power receiving equipment adopted light-emitting diode (LED) lights. When the wind blew, an induced voltage was generated in the wind cavity where the wind blew, which drove the LED lights to light up and point in the direction of the wind. By analyzing the generated electrical signal, the wind speed could be known to realize the sensing of wind vector information.

[0078] The above HEC-TENG was used for wind energy sensing. A blower was used to blow air at the inlet of a certain wind cavity, and the HEC film vibrated and contacted and was separated from the PDMS film under the driving of the wind to form an induced potential. The results of electrical signals sensed under different wind speeds are shown in FIG. 4. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the generated voltage signal is positively correlated with the wind speed, indicating that the TENG can be used for wind energy sensing.

[0079] It can be seen from the implementation that the present disclosure has the characteristics of high sensitivity, high effect range, and simple preparation, which can maintain stable operation for a long time. It is also an excellent substitute for the traditional agricultural wind speed sensing and energy supply system. The TENG can not only be used for wind speed sensing but also serve as a sustainable power source for wireless sensors, providing a reliable foundation for building intelligent agriculture.

[0080] The technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present disclosure are further described in detail in the above specific examples. It should be understood that the above are merely specific examples of the present disclosure but are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modification, supplement, and equivalent replacement made within the principle scope of the present disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0081] In Example 2, the PDMS and the HEC film in the SE-TENG were placed on a linear motor, and the contact separation of the PDMS and the HEC film was realized under the traction of the linear motor. It could be seen from the experimental results that the output voltage signal could achieve stable output within 1,000 s, indicating that the SE-TENG could work stably (corresponding to FIG. 2).

[0082] In Example 3, the thickness of the PDMS film in the SE-TENG was changed to 25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 ?m, and the voltage signal output of the SE-TENG prepared with different thicknesses of PDMS was tested at a wind speed of 5 m/s. It can be seen from the figure that the output voltage signal is the largest when the thickness of the PDMS is 100 ?m (corresponding to FIG. 3).

[0083] In Example 4, the HEC film thickness of the SE-TENG was changed to 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ?m, and the voltage signal output of the SE-TENG prepared with different thicknesses of HEC films was tested at a wind speed of 5 m/s. It can be seen from the figure that the output voltage signal is the largest when the HEC film thickness is 100 ?m (corresponding to FIG. 4).

[0084] In Example 5, the cavity height optimization of the SE-TENG was conducted. The cavities with heights of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 mm were prepared by 3D printing, and the electrical signal output of the SE-TENG with different cavity heights was tested at a wind speed of 5 m/s. It can be seen that the electrical signal output is the largest when the cavity height is 10 mm (corresponding to FIG. 5).

[0085] In Example 6, the cavity length optimization of the SE-TENG was conducted. The cavities with lengths of 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 mm were prepared by 3D printing, and the electrical signal output of the SE-TENGs with different cavity lengths was tested at a wind speed of 5 m/s. It can be seen that the electrical signal output is the largest when the cavity length is 70 mm (corresponding to FIG. 6).

[0086] In Example 7, the HEC film length optimization of the SE-TENG was conducted. HEC films with a width of 4.5 mm, a thickness of 100 ?m, and lengths of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 mm were prepared by the casting method. The electrical signal output of the SE-TENG with different lengths of HEC films was tested at a wind speed of 5 m/s. It can be seen that the electrical signal output is the largest when the length of the HEC film is 60 mm (corresponding to FIG. 7).

[0087] The OWEH of the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device includes at least SE-TENG with the slit effect and an electrometer DAQ board. The TENG is arranged on the electrometer DAQ board.

[0088] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 8, the vibration of the HEC film of SE-TENG is amplified by the slit effect. The SE-TENG includes a wind cavity, a triboelectric layer, an HEC film, and ITO electrodes. The wind cavity is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end. A connecting line between the inlet end and the outlet end of the wind cavity is arranged parallel to and towards a wind direction. The wind cavity includes the inlet end connected to a horn-shaped cavity and the outlet end connected to a curved upward cavity.

[0089] One triboelectric layer is fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of an inner wall of the wind cavity. The upper and lower triboelectric layers are arranged in parallel. The wind cavity is provided with a horizontally arranged support bar perpendicular to a wind direction in a middle close to the inlet end. The HEC film includes one end fixedly adhered to the support bar and the other end extending freely toward the outlet end. A layer of conductive material is adhered or plated between the triboelectric layer and the inner wall of the wind cavity as an electrode. The HEC film is used as a triboelectric electron donating layer, and the triboelectric electron donating layer is adhered to the middle of the wind cavity.

[0090] A distance between the upper and triboelectric layers is greater than the HEC film thickness, and the HEC film vibrates and swings with the wind when blown by the wind in a gap between the upper and lower triboelectric layers and reciprocates to contact the triboelectric layer, like a piece of cloth blown by the wind. The electrical signal output of the SE-TENG is realized through the contact and separation motion between the HEC film and the triboelectric layer.

[0091] The TENG of the present disclosure has four working modes, vertical contact-separation mode, lateral sliding mode, single-electrode mode, and freestanding triboelectric-layer mode. All four modes work.

[0092] Or the positions of the triboelectric layer and the HEC film are replaced with each other, that is, the triboelectric layer is adhered to the support bar of the wind cavity, and the HEC film is adhered to the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the wind cavity.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 9, eight SE-TENGs are arranged. The eight SE-TENGs are fixed on a circumference of a ring at an interval of a central angle of 45? in a radial direction. The eight SE-TENGs are connected to the electrometer DAQ board. Electrical signals generated by the SE-TENGs are acquired and processed through the electrometer DAQ board and are wirelessly transmitted to a mobile terminal in real-time through Bluetooth. The outer peripheral surface of the ring is provided with a clamping groove, and the clamping groove is configured to install the SE-TENG.

[0094] In a specific implementation, the wind cavity of the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device can be prepared by 3D printing. The horn-shaped cavity at the inlet of the wind cavity has a large diameter and a relatively narrow interior, such that the tiny wind can be amplified by the slit effect to realize high-sensitivity wind speed and wind direction sensing. One side of the HEC film is fixed in the middle of the wind cavity, and the other side is free. PDMS films and ITO electrodes are attached to the upper and lower inner walls of the wind cavity, and two wires are led from the top and bottom electrodes.

[0095] A working area inside the wind cavity has a size of 7 cm?5 cm?1 cm. Both the HEC and PDMS films used have a thickness of 100 ?m.

[0096] In the present disclosure, the electrical signal generated by the SE-TENG is correlated with the wind speed, and the wind speed is sensed by the strength of the electrical signal generated by the SE-TENG. A higher strength of the electrical signal generated by the SE-TENG indicates a greater wind speed.

[0097] In addition, the plurality of SE-TENGs arranged along the circumference is used for sensing in different directions and orientations, and the wind direction is obtained by synthesizing the strength of the electrical signal of the plurality of SE-TENGs.

[0098] In the present disclosure, the HEC film prepared by the casting method is used for constructing the SE-TENG, and the HEC film can be cut into any desired shape.

[0099] A preparation process of the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device of the present disclosure was as follows. [0100] (1) The wind cavity was processed by 3D printing. [0101] (2) The HEC film was prepared as a triboelectric electron donating material: Fiber powder was added to water or an ethanol aqueous solution, and a plasticizer was added. Heating was conducted in a water bath to mix the solution evenly, the solvent was evaporated, and drying was conducted to obtain the HEC film with uniform texture and excellent transparency.

[0102] Step (2) specifically included: 4 g of HEC, 1.5 g of glucose, and 0.5 g of urea were weighed and added into 100 mL of deionized water, and stirred and heated in a water bath at 50? C. for 60 min. The obtained solution was centrifuged and degassed at 10,000 r/min for 5 min. The solution was poured into a petri dish to bake for 12 h and equilibrated under 50% air humidity for 3 h to obtain the HEC film. [0103] (3) One end of the HEC film was fixed on the support bar of the wind cavity, and a layer of conductive material was adhered as an electrode to the upper surface and the lower surface of the inner wall of the wind cavity, respectively, and a layer of triboelectric material was adhered outside the electrode with the triboelectric material completely covering the electrode. [0104] (4) Lead wires from the top and bottom electrodes were connected to two pins at an AC terminal of a rectifier bridge, and the other two pins of the rectifier bridge were connected to external power receiving equipment to form the complete TENG. [0105] (5) Eight SE-TENGs were distributed on a circumference of a ring at an interval of a central angle of 45? in a radial direction and cooperated with an electrometer DAQ board to form the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device.

[0106] A working principle of the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device of the present disclosure was as follows.

[0107] When the wind blew, the HEC film contacted and was separated from the PDMS under the driving vibration of the wind, converting the wind energy into electric energy. In addition, the slit effect of the cavity could amplify the weak wind signal, such that the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device had ultra-high sensitivity to external stimuli, and the speed was as low as 0.5 m/s. The wind in the farmland caused the vibration of the HEC film in the cavity in the corresponding direction, and the induced electrical signals could be obtained from the top and bottom electrodes of the cavity.

[0108] Eight self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing devices at an interval of 45? were fixed on the ring through the clamping groove in the radial direction to form a self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device in the agricultural environment. The electrometer DAQ board acquired and analyzed the output signal of the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device and wirelessly transmitted the information to the mobile phone through Bluetooth, such that the wind speed and wind direction information could be obtained in real-time, and agricultural production could be adjusted in time. In addition, the electric energy generated by the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device during wind speed sensing could also be used to drive agricultural sensors.

[0109] In a specific implementation, the external power receiving equipment used LED lights. When the wind blew, an induced voltage was generated in the wind cavity where the wind blew, which drove the LED lights to light up and point in the direction of the wind. By analyzing the generated electrical signal, the wind speed and wind direction could be known to realize the sensing of wind vector information.

[0110] The above HEC-TENG was used for wind energy sensing. A blower was used to blow air at the inlet of a certain wind cavity, and the HEC film vibrated and contacted and was separated from the PDMS film under the driving of the wind to form an induced potential. The results of electrical signals sensed under different wind speeds are shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 11, and FIG. 12. It can be seen that both the generated voltage signal and current signal are positively correlated with the wind speed, indicating that the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device can be used for wind energy sensing.

[0111] FIG. 12 shows a linear fitting relationship between the wind speed and the voltage. The wind speed can be calculated according to the obtained voltage, indicating that the self-driven wind speed and wind direction sensing device can be used for wind energy sensing.

[0112] It can be seen from the implementation that the present disclosure has the characteristics of high sensitivity, high effect range, and simple preparation, which can maintain stable operation for a long time. It is also an excellent substitute for the traditional agricultural wind speed and wind direction sensing and energy supply system. The SE-TENG can not only be used for wind speed and wind direction sensing but also serve as a sustainable power source for wireless sensors, providing a reliable foundation for building intelligent agriculture.

[0113] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of wind direction sensing in an S direction. When the wind blows from the S direction, the HEC film in the SE-TENG in the S direction is caused to beat the PDMS film up and down, and electric energy is generated to light up the LED light in this direction. The direction in which the LED lights up is the direction of the wind, realizing wind direction sensing.

[0114] The technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present disclosure are further described in detail in the above specific examples. It should be understood that the above are merely specific examples of the present disclosure but are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modification, supplement, and equivalent replacement made within the principle scope of the present disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.