Use of acylsulfonamides for improving plant yield

Abstract

Compounds (A) can be used for increasing the yield of useful plants or crop plants with respect to their harvested plant organs, wherein the Compound (A) is selected from compounds of the formula (I) or salts thereof, ##STR00001##
wherein the symbols are defined as in claim 1,
preferably cyprosulfamide [Compound (A1)].

Claims

1. A method for inducing a growth regulating response in a plant, in which the plant grows in a normal habitat, thereby increasing the yield of such plant, wherein the plant is selected from the group consisting of cereal, canola, soybean, and cotton; wherein the composition comprises (i) cyprosulfamide and a further combination of two fungicides selected from the group consisting of (ii) prothioconazole and tebuconazole and (iii) trifloxystrobin and prothioconazole; wherein the composition is applied in a non-phytotoxic amount with respect to the plant being treated, wherein the cyprosulfamide is applied in a range of from 25 g to 100 g active substance per hectare and the individual components of the fungicide combinations (ii) and (iii) are applied in a range from 125 g to 375 g active substance per hectare.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the composition is applied in combination with one or more compounds selected from the group of fungicides, insecticides and plant growth regulators.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein said combination is prothioconazole and tebuconazole.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plant is wheat or corn.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein said combination is trifloxystobin and prothioconazole.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the applying is to a plant, a seed from which the plants grows, and/or or locus in which the plants grows, wherein the treated plant is not under disease pressure.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the applying is to a plant, a seed from which the plants grows, and/or or locus in which the plants grows seed, wherein the treated plant grows in the absence of the abiotic stress conditions.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the applying is to a plant, a seed from which the plants grows, and/or or locus in which the plants grows, wherein the treated plant grows in the absence of extraordinary environmental conditions.

Description

BIOLOGICAL EXAMPLES

(1) A) Testing Conditions

(2) A1) Testing Conditions in Glasshouse Trials

(3) The trials have been carried out in a glasshouse under normal good growth conditions for the plants using pot trials with 8 cm diameter pots. Each pot contained 6-8 plants. The results are the average of two replicates.

(4) The applications have been done with seed treatment, pre-emergence or post-emergence treatments. The pre- or post-emergence applications were made with spray applications using 100-300 l/water per hectare. The crop plant species and the growth stage of the crop plants at the time of application are reported in the result tables. The dose rates of the herbicidal active ingredients applied alone resp. in combinations are also mentioned in the result tables.

(5) The assessments have been done via visual ratings (0-100% scale, several days after the application as indicated in the result tables, comparing treated vs. untreated checks pots). The results (as mean over all plants per pot and as mean over 2 replicates) are shown in the result tables below.

(6) A2) Testing Conditions in Field Trials

(7) The trials have been carried out under natural field conditions (plot trials, 10 square meter plots, 2-4 replications).

(8) The applications have been done with seed treatment, pre- or post-emergence treatments straight (alone, 1 application) or sequential treatments e.g. seed treatment followed by pre-emergence and/or post-emergence spray applications. The pre- or post-emergence applications were made with spray applications using 100-300 I/water per hectare. The growth stage of the crops species at the time of application are reported in the result tables. The dose rates of the herbicidal active ingredients applied alone respective in sequential application are also described in the result tables.

(9) The assessments have been done via visual ratings (0-100% scale) or counting. The trials have been harvested after crops reached the full maturity. After the harvest the total weight of kernels/seeds/beets per plot was measured. The results are reported as means over 2-4 replications. The time between applications and assessments or countings/harvest are described in the result tables as well.

(10) A3) Seed Treatment Conditions

(11) The active ingredients have been applied to the untreated, dry seeds together with a carrier. After a short period of time to let the seeds dry, they were ready to be sown in the pot or field using standard equipments.

(12) B) Abbreviations in the Result Tables

(13) ai=active ingredient (based on 100% active ingredient) CPA=cyprsulfamide (Compound (A1) of present invention) Dose [g/ai]=dose rates in gram active ingredient per hectare EPC=epoxiconazole (F-108 of present invention) fb=followed by (sequential applications) mg ai/seed=milligrammes active ingredient per seed (per kernel) g ai/kg seed=grammes active ingredient per kg seed pre-emergence=applied (sprayed) after planting of the seeds (prior to emergence) post-emergence=applied (sprayed) after emergence of the crop plants PTC=prothioconazole (F-124 of present invention) ST=applied as seed treatment (prior planting) TBC=tebuconazole (F-127 of present invention) TFS=trifloxystrobin (F-60 of present invention) UTC=untreated control Yield [t/ha]=harvested grain yield (mature kernels) in metric tons (1000 kg) per hectare
C) Results in Field Trials

(14) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Grain yield effects on corn (maize) after seed treatment with Cyprosulfamide Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [mg ai/seed] [t/ha] tive % vs. UTC (A) UTC 7.43 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 0.15 8.32 112% +12% (C) Cyprosulfamide 0.225 8.39 113% +13% .sup.1) Application: Seed treatment prior planting .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 110 days after planting (short season variety)

(15) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Germination and emergence of rice plants after seed treatments with Cyprosulfamide Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) plants/10 Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/kg seed] m.sup.2 .sup.2) tive vs. UTC (A) UTC 169 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 0.5 208 123% +23% .sup.1) Application: Seet treatment (prior seeding) .sup.2) Assessment: 12 days after emergence

(16) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Grain yield effects on winter wheat - preemergence application with Cyprosulfamide Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/ha] [t/ha] tive % vs. UTC (A) UTC 5.30 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 100 5.88 111% +11% .sup.1) Application: Preemergence autumn .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 247 days after application

(17) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Grain yield effects on spring wheat - postemergence application of Cyprosulfamide Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/ha] [t/ha] tive vs. UTC (A) UTC 3.55 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 100 3.83 111% +8% .sup.1) Application: Beginning of emergence of the ears (GS49) .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 48 days after application

(18) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Grain yield effects on corn - postemergence application of Cyprosulfamide Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/ha] [t/ha] tive vs. UTC (A) UTC 4.38 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 100 5.60 128% +28% .sup.1) Application: 6-8 leaves .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 130 days after application

(19) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Yield effects on cotton - postemergence application of Cyprosulfamide Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/ha] t/ha (lint) tive vs. UTC (A) UTC 0.219 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 100 0.254 116% +16% .sup.1) Application: Preflowering (GS 55) .sup.2) Yield: Yield of cotton lints at harvest, 90 days after application

(20) TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Yield effects on spring wheat (gluten content) - postemergence application of Cyprosulfamide Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.3) ingredient (s) [g ai/ha] Yield .sup.2) Relative (A) UTC 28.4 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 100 30.9 109% .sup.1) Application: ear emergence .sup.2) Yield: gluten content (absolute) in harvested grains, 35 days after application .sup.3) Yield: relative gluten content in harvested grains, 35 days after application

(21) TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Grain yield effects on soybeans - postemergence application of Cyprosulfamide Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/ha] [t/ha] tive vs. UTC (A) UTC 2.65 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 100 2.78 105% +5% .sup.1) Application: Preflowering (GS 60) .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 45 days after application

(22) TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 Grain yield effects on canola - sequential application of Cyprosulfamide Differ- Active Dose Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) rate .sup.1) [t/ha] tive vs. UTC (A) UTC 2.80 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 0.5 g ai/kg seed fb 3.47 124% +24% 3 50 g ai/ha post .sup.1) Application: 1. seed treatment prior planting fb 2. postemergence at 4-6 leaves fb 3. postemergence at stem elongation fb 4. postemergence at beginning of flowering .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 63 days after application

(23) TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 Grain yield effects on canola - postemergence treatment with Cyprosulfamide Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/ha] [t/ha] tive vs. UTC (A) UTC 2.21 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 100 2.62 119% +19% .sup.1) Application: Growth stage (GS 52) - pre flowering .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 63 days after treatment

(24) TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 11 Grain yield effects on corn - sequential application of Cyprosulfamide Differ- Active Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) Dose .sup.1) [t/ha] tive vs. UTC (A) UTC 10.2 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 0.15 g ai/kg seed fb 14.1 138% +38% 3 50 g ai/ha post .sup.1) Application: 1. seed treatment prior planting fb 2. postemergence at 2-4 leaves fb 3. postemergence at 6-8 leaves fb 4. postemergence at preflowering .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 98 days after emergence

(25) TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 12 Yield effects on corn - sequential application of Cyprosulfamide Active Yield .sup.2) Yield .sup.3) ingredient (s) Dose .sup.1) [t/ha] [plants/sqm] (A) UTC 6.0 14 (B) Cyprosulfamide 0.15 g ai/kg seed fb 7.5 17.3 3 50 g ai/ha post .sup.1) Application: 1. seed treatment prior planting fb 2. postemergence at 2-4 leaves fb 3. postemergence at 6-8 leaves fb 4. postemergence at preflowering .sup.2) Yield: Biomass yield at harvest, 98 days after emergence .sup.3) Yield: Plant density at harvest, 98 days after emergence

(26) TABLE-US-00013 TABLE 13 Yield effects on sugarbeet - sequential application of Cyprosulfamide Active Sugar Yield .sup.2) Yield .sup.3) ingredient (s) Dose .sup.1) [kg/ha] [t/ha] (A) UTC 5778 59.3 (B) Cyprosulfamide 0.15 mg ai/seed fb 6110 61.3 3 50 g ai/ha post .sup.1) Application: 1. seed treatment prior planting fb 2. postemergence at 2-4 leaves fb 3. postemergence at 6-8 leaves fb 4. postemergence at 10-12 leaves .sup.2) Yield: Sugar yield at harvest, 44 days after last postemergence treatment .sup.3) Yield: yield of beets (storage root/body) by weight at harvest, 44 days after last postemergence treatment

(27) TABLE-US-00014 TABLE 14 Grain yield effects on winter wheat - seed treatment with Cyprosulfamide Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/kg seed] [g/1000 kernel] tive vs. UTC (A) UTC 36.3 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 1 39.2 108% +8% .sup.1) Application: Seed treatment prior planting .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 290 days after planting

(28) TABLE-US-00015 TABLE 15 Grain yield effects on rice - sequential application of Cyprosulfamide Differ- Active Dose Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) rate .sup.1) [t/ha] tive vs. UTC (A) UTC 5.47 100% (B) Cyprosulfamide 0.5 g ai/kg seed fb 5.74 105% +5% 3 50 g ai/ha post .sup.1) Application: 1. seed treatment prior planting fb 2. postemergence at 4-6 leaves fb 3. postemergence at stem elongation fb 4. postemergence at beginning of flowering .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 75 days after last application

(29) TABLE-US-00016 TABLE 16 Grain yield effects on spring wheat - postemergence treatment with cyprosulfamide (CPA) + epoxiconazole (EPC) Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/ha] [t/ha] tive % vs. UTC (A) UTC 1.84 100% (B) EPC 125 2.02 109.7%.sup. +9.7% (C) CPA + EPC 100 + 125 2.08 113% +13% .sup.1) Application: Post-emergence spring - flag leaf sheath opening .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 55 days after application

(30) TABLE-US-00017 TABLE 17 Grain yield effects on spring wheat - postemergence treatment with cyprosulfamide (CPA) + prothioconazole (PTC) + tebuconazole (TBC) Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/ha] [t/ha] tive % vs. UTC (A) UTC 3.46 100% (B) PTC + TBC 125 + 125 3.72 107.5%.sup. +7.5% (C) CPA + 100 + 3.84 111% +11% (PTC + TBC) (125 + 125) .sup.1) Application: Post-emergence spring - flag leaf sheath opening .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 55 days after application

(31) TABLE-US-00018 TABLE 18 Grain yield effects on corn - postemergence treatment with cyprosulfamide (CPA) + (prothioconazole (PTC) + trifloxystrobin (TFS)) Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/ha] [t/ha] tive % vs. UTC (A) UTC 11.01 .sup.100% (B) (PTC+TFS) (125+375) 11.37 103.2% +3.2% (C) CPA + 100 + 11.65 105.8% +5.8% (PTC + TFS) (125 + 375) .sup.1) Application: Post-emergence - beginning of flowering .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 122 days after application

(32) TABLE-US-00019 TABLE 19 Grain yield effects on spring oilseed rape (canola) - postemergence treatment with cyprosulfamide (CPA) + tebuconazole (TBC) Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/ha] [t/ha] tive % vs. UTC (A) UTC 3.91 .sup.100% (B) TBC 150 3.91 101.8% +1.8% (B) CPA + TBC 100 + 150 4.52 115.6% +15.6% .sup.1) Application: Post-emergence spring - beginning of flowering .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 92 days after application

(33) TABLE-US-00020 TABLE 20 Grain yield effects on spring wheat - postemergence treatment with cyprosulfamide (CSA) + (2,4-D + MCPA) Differ- Active Dose .sup.1) Yield .sup.2) Rela- ence(%) ingredient (s) [g ai/ha] [t/ha] tive % vs. UTC (A) (2,4-D + MCPA) (125 + 405) 1.84 .sup.100% (B) CSA + 100 + 2.31 125.5% +25.5% (2,4-D + MCPA) (225 + 405) .sup.1) Application: Post-emergence spring - beginning of flowering .sup.2) Yield: Grain yield at harvest, 55 days after application