Wet treatment devices, in particular dyeing centrifuges, and a method for operating such a dyeing centrifuge

Abstract

A wet treatment device (1) for the wet treatment of textile making-ups (T) has a treatment drum (10) which is driven about a vertical axis of rotation (A) in a direction of rotation (V) by a rotary drive. The treatment drum (10), which can be loaded at the top, has a drum shell (13) arranged on the circumferential side relative to the axis of rotation (A) and having an outlet opening (20). The latter opens into a return line device (30) which is arranged to be fixed against rotation and which has an annular channel (32) enclosing the treatment drum (10) radially and formed so as to be open in the direction of the outlet opening (20). In addition, the return line device (30) has a discharge opening (31), which is positioned above the drum base (11) and closer to the axis of rotation (A) than the first outlet opening (20). A rotating treatment drum arranged within a pressure vessel is also disclosed, as well as a method for the wet treatment of textile making-ups in a treatment drum, in which the liquor is led back into the center of the treatment from by a return line without using any drive.

Claims

1. A wet treatment device for the wet treatment of textile make-ups, having a treatment drum which is driven in a direction of rotation about a vertical axis of rotation by a rotary drive, wherein the treatment drum has a closed drum base, a drum opening on a top side, and a drum shell which is arranged at the circumference relative to the axis of rotation and which has at least one first outlet opening, characterized in that the first outlet opening issues into a rotationally fixedly arranged recirculation line device, wherein the recirculation line device has a ring-shaped duct which radially encompasses the treatment drum and which is formed so as to be open in the direction of the first outlet opening, wherein an opening of the ring-shaped duct that opens in the direction towards the first outlet opening of the drum shell is in the form of an encircling slot at a radially inner side of the ring-shaped duct, wherein the encircling slot opens in the direction of the drum shell and encircles the drum shell, and wherein the recirculation line device has an outflow opening which is positioned above the drum base and closer than the first outlet opening to the axis of rotation, wherein the drum shell is configured to rotate with respect to the encircling slot of the recirculation line device.

2. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that at least one second outlet opening is formed in the drum shell, wherein each outlet opening issues into the ring-shaped duct of the recirculation line device.

3. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that each outlet opening is in the form of a nozzle, wherein the outflow direction of the nozzle has an angle of inclination in the direction of rotation.

4. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the angle of inclination is between 40? and 50?.

5. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that each of the at least one first outlet opening that is formed in the drum shell is arranged in the upper third of the drum shell.

6. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the encircling slot is arranged in the upper third of the drum shell.

7. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the recirculation line device has a riser section which bridges a height difference in the longitudinal direction of the axis of rotation between the ring-shaped duct and the drum opening and which leads beyond the drum opening.

8. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the riser section winds in the direction of rotation about the axis of rotation from the direction of the ring-shaped duct in a direction of the outflow opening.

9. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the recirculation line device has a winding section which winds around the axis of rotation and which, from a direction of the ring-shaped duct, approaches the axis of rotation in a direction of the outflow opening and in the direction of rotation.

10. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the recirculation line device has a falling section which adjoins the outflow opening and which falls substantially vertically.

11. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, in the treatment drum, there is arranged a core drum which is oriented coaxially with respect to the axis of rotation and which has a core drum opening on a top side and which has a sieve-like core drum shell and which extends as far as the drum base.

12. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the outflow opening of the recirculation line device is arranged closer than the core drum shell to the axis of rotation.

13. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the recirculation line device has a heating section.

14. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the recirculation line device has an openable outlet opening radially outside the treatment drum.

15. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the treatment drum and the recirculation line device are arranged within a housing which collects discharged liquor.

16. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 15, wherein the housing is in the form of a pressure vessel with a pressure chamber, and the treatment drum is arranged within the pressure chamber.

17. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that the pressure vessel withstands an internal pressure in the pressure chamber of at least 1.5 bar.

18. A method for operating a wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized by the following steps: introducing a textile make-up into the treatment drum; introducing a liquor into the treatment drum; rotating the treatment drum in the direction of rotation, wherein, owing to a resultant centrifugal force, the liquor is accelerated from the center of the treatment drum in the direction of the drum shell, flows through the first outlet opening into the ring-shaped duct of the recirculation line device, and, by way of the recirculation line device, is at least partially recirculated, without the use of a drive, into the treatment drum again at a position closer to the axis of rotation via the outflow opening of the recirculation line device.

19. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first outlet opening is in the form of a nozzle configured to extend into the encircling slot.

20. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first outlet opening is configured to face the encircling slot.

21. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a height of the opening of the ring-shaped duct that is in the form of the encircling slot is greater than a height of the first outlet opening.

22. The wet treatment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the recirculation line device is of a pump-free design.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Further features, details and advantages of the invention will emerge from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments on the basis of the drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a vertical section through a sketched wet treatment device;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a wet treatment device;

(4) FIG. 3 shows a vertical section through a wet treatment device;

(5) FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a wet treatment device from above;

(6) FIG. 5 shows a horizontal section through a wet treatment device in the plane of the outlet openings;

(7) FIG. 6 shows a partial detail of a vertical section through a wet treatment device, illustrating the ring-shaped duct with heating device and the adjoining upper end of the drum shell; and

(8) FIG. 7 shows a plan view of a schematically sketched recirculation line device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(9) FIG. 1 shows a vertical section through a sketched wet treatment device 1 for the wet treatment of textile make-ups T, in particular for the dyeing and decolorizing of the textile make-ups T using a liquor M, for example using colorizing or decolorizing liquor and rinsing baths. The wet treatment device 1 is suitable for flock and other embodiments, for example fabrics, knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, threads, yarns and twine. Many of the features in FIG. 1 can also be seen in FIGS. 2 to 7.

(10) In the illustration of FIG. 1, it is possible to see, at the outer side, a drum-like housing 70 which is rotationally fixed. Said housing functions as a protective device and a thermal insulation, the latter in particular also by way of its design as a pressure vessel 71. By way of the pressure vessel, the liquor M can be heated to above its atmospheric boiling point without changing into the gaseous phase. A drain pipe 76 opens out at the housing base 75. A housing opening 77 on a top side is closed off by way of a housing cover 73. Within the housing 70 there is thus formed a pressure chamber 72 in which an internal pressure I prevails.

(11) Within the housing 70, in particular within the pressure chamber 72, there is rotatably mounted a treatment drum 10 which is in particular driven in a direction of rotation V about a vertical axis of rotation A by a rotary drive 90. Here, the central axis of the treatment drum 10 is arranged coaxially with respect to the axis of rotation A. The treatment drum 10 has a closed drum base 11, a drum opening 12 on a top side, and a drum shell 13 which is arranged circumferentially relative to the axis of rotation A and which is of substantially cylindrical form. A sieve wall 14 is positioned in front of the drum shell 13 at the inner side. The drum opening 12 on the top side is closed off by way of a drum cover 80, which has a central opening 81.

(12) In the drum shell 13 there is formed a first outlet opening 20. Said first outlet opening is, in the direction of the axis of rotation A, situated in the upper sixth, and thus at the upper end, of the drum shell 13, and consequently also closer to the drum opening 12 than to the drum base 11.

(13) It is possible to see, in the center of the treatment drum 10, a core drum 60 which is oriented coaxially with respect to the axis of rotation A. Said core drum has a core drum opening 61 on a top side and has a sieve-like core drum shell 62 which extends as far as the drum base 11. The diameter of the core drum shell 62 is considerably smaller, in this case by more than a factor of 3, than the diameter of the drum shell 13. In particular, the core drum 60 is in the form of a cylinder composed of a sieve plate which is fastened to the drum base 11 of the treatment drum 10.

(14) The outlet opening 20 opens into a rotationally fixedly arranged recirculation line device 30. The recirculation line device 30 is formed partially integrally with the housing 70 and is thus connected rotationally fixedly and axially fixedly thereto. For the opening-in of the outlet opening 20, the recirculation line device 30 has a ring-shaped duct 32 which radially surrounds the treatment drum 10 and which is formed so as to be open in the direction of the first outlet opening 20, in particular by way of a ring-shaped duct slot 39 at the inner side. Here, a minimum gap 33 remains between the treatment drum 10 and the ring-shaped duct 32. Approximately 10% of the liquor M escapes through the minimum gap 33 during operation. In order that said minimum gap 33 is maintained in all rotational positions of the treatment drum 10, the ring-shaped duct 32 has a circular internal diameter D1, and the treatment drum 10 has a circular external diameter D2 relative to the axis of rotation A in the region of the ring-shaped duct 32. The discharged liquor M can be collected by way of the housing 70. Depending on requirements, said liquor may then be conveyed back into the treatment drum 10 by way of a small pump, or else initially enriched and then conveyed back, or replaced.

(15) The recirculation line device 30 is of entirely pump-free design. Its mode of operation is based on a recirculation of the liquor M by way of the rotation of the treatment drum 10, which likewise sets the liquor M in rotation. In this way, the liquor M has kinetic energy. It can be seen that the recirculation line device 30 conducts the liquor M through the drum opening 12 back into the treatment drum 10. For this purpose, the ring-shaped duct 32 is adjoined by tubular line sections, specifically firstly a riser section 34, which opens out from the ring-shaped duct 32 on the top side, subsequently a winding section 35, and finally a falling section 36, which forms an outflow opening 31.

(16) The riser section 34 that opens out from the ring-shaped duct 32 overcomes a height difference D in the longitudinal direction of the axis of rotation A between the ring-shaped duct 32 and the drum opening 12. The riser section 34 leads beyond the drum opening 12 and also beyond the housing cover 73, such that the recirculation line device 30 can be led in the direction of the axis of rotation A from the outside across the drum wall 13. Here, the riser section 34 winds in the direction of rotation V about the axis of rotation A from the direction of the ring-shaped duct 32 in the direction of the outflow opening 31. The flow cross section of the riser section 34 amounts to between 90% and 110% of that of the ring-shaped duct 32. Furthermore, the maximum gradient of the riser section 34 is approximately 15%.

(17) The riser section 34 is adjoined by the substantially horizontally running winding section 35. Said winding section winds in the direction of rotation V about the axis of rotation A from the direction of the ring-shaped duct 32 in the direction of the outflow opening 31, wherein said winding section approaches said axis of rotation. Here, the winding forms a tightening curve, specifically similar to a logarithmic spiral.

(18) The winding section 35 is followed by the falling section 36, which diverts the flow direction of the liquor M into the vertical, specifically substantially downward in the direction of the axis of rotation A. The falling section 36 is led firstly through a housing cover leadthrough 74 of the housing cover 73. The falling section 36 and housing cover 73 are in this case of pressure-tight design. Subsequently, the falling section 36 projects through the central opening 81 in the drum cover 80, and ends at the outflow opening 31, which points downward. Thus, the outflow opening 31 is positioned above the drum base 11 and closer than the outlet opening 20 to the axis of rotation A. In particular, the outflow opening 31 of the recirculation line device 30 is also arranged closer than the core drum shell 62 to the axis of rotation A, such that the liquor M passes back into the core drum 60. Here, the outflow opening 31 is situated approximately at the level of the outlet opening 20. When the falling section 36 is filled, it is thus basically possible to realize a suction action.

(19) Furthermore, it is possible to see a heating section 37 of the recirculation line device 30. Said heating section comprises a heating register situated within the ring-shaped duct 32.

(20) It is thus now possible for textile make-ups T and liquor M to be introduced into the treatment drum 10 and for the treatment drum 10 to be rotated about the axis of rotation A. By way of a resultant centrifugal force, the liquor M is then accelerated from the center of the treatment drum 10 in the direction of the drum shell 13. Here, said liquor collects on the inner side of the drum shell 13 and passes through the outlet opening 20 into the ring-shaped duct 32. In practice, 10% of the liquor then flows outward through the minimum gap 33 into the housing 70. The remaining 90% is, by way of the recirculation line device 30, conducted back, without the use of a drive, i.e. without an additional pump, into the treatment drum 10 again at a position closer to the axis of rotation A via the outflow opening 31 of the recirculation line device 30.

(21) FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a wet treatment device 1, in which, however, numerous components have been omitted from the illustration in order to clearly show the function of the recirculation line device 30.

(22) It is possible to see an outer drum-like housing 70 which is rotationally fixed and in the form of a pressure vessel 71. A housing opening 77 on a top side can be closed off by way of a housing cover. A pressure chamber 72 is thus formed within the housing 70.

(23) Within the housing 70, in particular within the pressure chamber 72, there is rotatably mounted a treatment drum 10, which can in particular be driven in a direction of rotation V about a vertical axis of rotation A by a rotary drive. Here, the central axis of the treatment drum 10 is arranged coaxially with respect to the axis of rotation A. The treatment drum 10 has a closed drum base 11, has a drum opening 12 on a top side, and has a drum shell 13 which is arranged circumferentially relative to the axis of rotation A and which is of substantially cylindrical form. The drum opening 12 on the top side can be closed off by way of a drum cover which has a central opening.

(24) In the drum shell 13, it is possible to see four outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23. These are all situated at the same (vertical) height in the direction of the axis of rotation A and are arranged so as to be evenly distributed over the circumference of the drum shell 13. It is also possible to see that each outlet opening 20, 21, 22, 23 is arranged in the upper tenth, and thus at the upper end, of the drum shell 13, and consequently also closer to the drum opening 12 than to the drum base 11.

(25) It is possible, in the center of the treatment drum 10, to see a core drum 60 which is oriented coaxially with respect to the axis of rotation A. Said core drum has a core drum opening 61 on a top side and has a sieve-like core drum shell 62 which extends as far as the drum base 11. The core drum opening 61 has a collar at the inside. Said collar prevents rotating liquor from overflowing through the core drum opening 61. The diameter of the core drum shell 62 is considerably smaller, in this case by more than a factor of 4, than the diameter of the drum shell 13. In particular, the core drum 60 is in the form of a cylinder composed of a sieve plate which is fastened to the drum base 11 of the treatment drum 10.

(26) The outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23 all open into a rotationally fixedly arranged recirculation line device 30. The recirculation line device 30 likewise lies within the housing 70 and is connected rotationally fixedly and axially fixedly thereto. For the opening-in of the outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23, the recirculation line device 30 has a ring-shaped duct 32 which radially surrounds the treatment drum 10 and which is formed so as to be open in the direction of the first outlet opening 20. Here, a minimum gap 33 remains between the treatment drum 10 and the ring-shaped duct 32.

(27) The recirculation line device 30 is of entirely pump-free design. Its mode of operation is based on a recirculation of the liquor M by way of the rotation of the treatment drum 10, which likewise sets the liquor in rotation, whereby the latter has kinetic energy. It can be seen that the recirculation line device 30 conducts the liquor through the drum opening 12 back into the treatment drum 10. For this purpose, the ring-shaped duct 32 is adjoined by further tubular line sections, specifically firstly a riser section 34, which opens out from the ring-shaped duct 32 on the top side, subsequently a winding section 35, and finally a falling section 36, which forms the outflow opening 32.

(28) The riser section 34 that opens out from the ring-shaped duct 32 overcomes a height difference in the longitudinal direction of the axis of rotation A between the ring-shaped duct 32 and the drum opening 12. A ramp (not visible) diverts the liquor within the ring-shaped duct 32 upward into the riser section 34. The ramp consequently at least partially circumferentially interrupts the ring-shaped duct, in particular in the region of the outer radius. The riser section 34 leads beyond the drum opening 12, such that the recirculation line device 30 can be led in the direction of the axis of rotation A from the outside across the drum wall 13. Here, the riser section 34 winds in the direction of rotation V about the axis of rotation A from the direction of the ring-shaped duct 32 in the direction of the outflow opening 31. The flow cross section of the riser section 34 amounts to between 90% and 110% of that of the ring-shaped duct 32. Furthermore, the maximum gradient of the riser section 34 is approximately 15%.

(29) The riser section 34 is adjoined by the substantially horizontally running winding section 35. Said winding section winds in the direction of rotation V about the axis of rotation A from the direction of the ring-shaped duct 32 in the direction of the outflow opening 31, wherein said winding section approaches said axis of rotation. Here, the winding forms a tightening curve, specifically similar to a logarithmic spiral.

(30) The winding section 35 is followed by the falling section 36, which diverts the flow direction of the liquor into the vertical, specifically substantially downward in the direction of the axis of rotation A. The falling section 36 ends at the outflow opening 31, which points downward. Thus, the outflow opening 31 is positioned above the drum base 11 and closer than the outlet openings 20, 21, 23, 24 to the axis of rotation A. In particular, the outflow opening 31 of the recirculation line device 30 is also arranged closer than the core drum shell 62 to the axis of rotation A, such that the liquor passes back into the core drum 60.

(31) It is clear in FIG. 2 that the riser section 34, the winding section 35 and the falling section 36 transition into one another in flowing fashion, that is to say without kinks. The riser section 34 and the falling section 36 in this case each overlap with the winding section 35, such that, in the region of overlap, there is simultaneously a rising portion and approaching winding, and an approaching winding and falling portion, respectively. In this way, a high recirculation rate is achieved owing to a low flow resistance. The falling section 36 is led through the drum opening 12, and the outflow opening 31 is situated approximately at the level of the outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23.

(32) Furthermore, it is possible to see a heating section 37 of the recirculation line device 30. Said heating section comprises a heating duct 38 for conducting a fluid heating medium, said heating duct adjoining the ring-shaped duct 32. The heating duct 38, too, surrounds the treatment drum 10 radially in ring-shaped fashion. Here, the ring-shaped duct 32 is situated partially within the heating duct 38. Only the inner side of the ring-shaped duct 32 is exposed so as to be able to be situated opposite the drum wall 13.

(33) It is thus now possible for textile make-ups and liquor to be introduced into the treatment drum 10 and for the treatment drum to be rotated about the axis of rotation A. By way of a resultant centrifugal force, the liquor is then accelerated from the center of the treatment drum 10 in the direction of the drum shell 13. Here, said liquor collects on the inner side of the drum shell 13 and passes from here through the outlet openings 20, 21, 23, 24 into the ring-shaped duct 32. A major part of the liquor is then, by way of the recirculation line device 30, conducted back, without the use of a drive, that is to say without an additional pump, into the treatment drum 10 again at a position closer to the axis of rotation A via the outflow opening 31.

(34) FIG. 3 shows a vertical section through the wet treatment device 1 as per FIG. 2. Only the riser section 34, winding section 35 and falling section 36 are shown in a perspective view. The features shown in FIG. 2 and described above consequently also appear in FIG. 3. A number of further details are however additionally disclosed in FIG. 3. Accordingly, it is possible to see a fifth outlet opening 24 in the drum shell 10. Also marked in FIG. 3 are the external diameter D2 of the drum shell 10, the internal diameter D1 of the ring-shaped duct 32, and the height difference D bridged by way of the riser section 34.

(35) FIG. 3 also clearly illustrates the construction of the ring-shaped duct 32 in cross section, which is specifically substantially circular to U-shaped. In this regard, it can be seen in particular that the ring-shaped duct 32 has a ring-shaped duct slot 39 on the inner side, said ring-shaped duct slot being of slightly taller form in terms of height than the outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. The height of the ring-shaped duct 32 is however greater than the vertical extent of the ring-shaped slot 39. The latter opens into the ring-shaped duct 32 in the lower half. In the upward direction, the cross section of the ring-shaped duct 32 extends substantially up to the height of the drum opening 12. The liquor M thus flows in said ring-shaped duct 32, in particular in rotating fashion on the outer wall.

(36) Also made clear is the design of the heating section 37, the heating duct 38 of which adjoins the ring-shaped duct 32 in L-shaped fashion, specifically on the bottom side and on the outer side. A heating medium M can be conducted through said heating duct 38.

(37) It can be seen that a sieve wall 14 is positioned in front of the drum wall 13. It is now possible for textile make-ups T to be arranged between the core drum 60 and the sieve wall 14, which textile make-ups can be subjected to wet treatment using the liquor M. Here, the liquor M flows along the indicated flow path P, inter alia upwards in the intermediate space between drum wall 13 and sieve wall 14.

(38) FIG. 4 shows a plan view from above of the wet treatment device 1 shown in FIG. 2. Correspondingly, it is also the case here that many of the features shown in FIG. 2 and described above are shown and denoted in FIG. 4. As in FIG. 3, it is possible to see the internal diameter D1 of the ring-shaped duct 32, the external diameter D2 of the drum shell 13, and the minimum gap 33 situated in between. In this case, too, as in FIG. 3, liquor M flows through the ring-shaped duct 32 and heating medium H flows through the heating section 37, in particular the heating duct 38.

(39) FIG. 5 shows a horizontal section through a wet treatment device 1 in the plane of the outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, wherein the illustration substantially shows a drum shell 13 with outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 and a ring-shaped duct 32 of the recirculation line device 10. The outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 are in each case in the form of nozzles 40, 42, 43, 44 which are situated at the level of the ring-shaped slot 39 of the ring-shaped duct 32. A minimum gap 33 remains between the drum shell 33 and ring-shaped duct 32. The outflow direction 41 of the nozzles 40, 42, 43, 44 has in each case an angle of inclination Z in the direction of rotation V about the axis of rotation A. The angle of inclination Z is approximately 45?. Subsequently, the speed at which the liquor M emerges from the nozzles 40, 42, 43, 44 is higher than the rotational speed of the drum shell 13.

(40) In one subsection of the ring-shaped duct 32, it is possible to see a transition to a riser section 34. As a further detail, it is possible to see a heating section 37, which is in the form of a heating duct 38. Said heating section radially surrounds the ring-shaped duct 32. A heating medium H flows through the heating duct 38.

(41) The drum shell 13 and the ring-shaped duct 32 are surrounded by a housing 70, which is a pressure vessel 71. The housing interior is consequently a pressure chamber 72. Also situated in the center of the treatment drum 10 is a core drum 60, of which a core drum shell 62 and a core drum opening 61 are visible.

(42) FIG. 6 shows a partial detail of a vertical section through a wet treatment device 1. Said detail illustrates, on an enlarged scale, recirculation line device 30 with a ring-shaped duct 32 and with a heating section 37, and the adjoining upper end of a drum shell 13. Further details are additionally disclosed.

(43) Here, an outlet opening 20 in the drum shell 13 is in the form of a nozzle 40. Said nozzle has an outflow direction 41. Furthermore, said nozzle projects in the direction of a ring-shaped slot 39 of the ring-shaped duct 32 which radially surrounds the drum shell 13. The nozzle 40 is a small tube inserted into the drum shell 13. For assembly purposes, the ring-shaped duct 32 may be of two-part form (composed for example of an upper and lower ring or of two ring sections), in particular if the nozzle 40 is to project as far as into the ring-shaped duct 32.

(44) Furthermore, a sieve wall 14 is positioned in front of the drum shell 13 with a spacing. Said sieve wall retains textile make-ups T that are forced in an outward direction, and permits unhindered vertical flows of the liquor M in the intermediate region that remains with respect to the drum shell 13, in order that said liquor can pass to the outlet opening 20. At the top side, the sieve wall 14 is designed to be sealed with respect to the drum wall 13, in this case in particular by way of a fixedly connected, for example welded, ring. Alternatively, a sealing closure may also be provided at the upper edge of the sieve wall 14 by way of the drum cover 80 described below.

(45) Specifically, the drum opening 12 of the treatment drum 10 is closed off on the top side by way of a drum cover 80, in particular in fluid-tight fashion in the zone between drum shell 13 and drum cover 80. The drum cover 80 however has a central cover opening 81. The falling section of the recirculation line device 30 can be led through said cover opening.

(46) FIG. 7 shows, in a plan view, a schematically sketched recirculation line device 30, in particular in the plane of an internally situated ring-shaped slot 39 of a ring-shaped duct 32. In the center, the axis of rotation A and a direction of rotation V of a treatment drum (not illustrated) are indicated. The ring-shaped duct 32 has a circular internal diameter D1. The spacing of the base 29 of the ring-shaped duct 32 from the internal diameter D1 increases in the direction of rotation V. After one full rotation about the axis of rotation A, that is to say after approximately 360 degrees, the base 29 adjoins a tubular line section of the recirculation line device 30, in particular a riser section 34. Said riser section is adjoined, in the direction of rotation V, firstly by a winding section 35 and subsequently by a falling section 36. The latter ends at an outflow opening 31 in the center of the ring-shaped duct 32, in particular between the ring-shaped slot 39 and the axis of rotation A. The winding section 35 and the falling section 36 lead out of the illustrated plane, for which reason the profile thereof is, in sections, merely indicated by a dashed line.

(47) An advantage of such a design is that the ring-shaped slot 39 can extend of the entire circumference, and only a small amount of liquor does not pass into the riser section 34 as a result of foaming and spraying.

(48) In different variants, with a constant spacing between the base 39 and the internal diameter D1, the advantage lies in particular in the fact that a surrounding housing needs only to have a particularly small internal diameter, which offers cost advantages in particular in the case of the housing being designed as a pressure vessel.

(49) Furthermore, at the transition between base 29 and riser section 34, it is possible to see an openable outlet opening 91, which would consequently be arranged radially outside a treatment drum. The outlet opening 91 is in particular closed off by a flap. Said flap can be opened inwardly, as indicated. In this way, said flap at least partially shuts off the riser section 34 when in the open position. The liquor can thus be drained particularly quickly.

(50) All of the described directions, such as vertical, horizontal, upward and downward, are to be understood as geodetic orientations when the wet treatment device is in an operating position.

(51) The invention is not restricted to the embodiments described above, but rather may be modified in a variety of ways.

(52) Accordingly, an embodiment is also conceivable in which the line sections of the recirculation line device do not lead beyond the drum opening and issue into the treatment drum from above. Instead, it is also possible for a falling section to be provided, which is adjoined by a riser line through the drum base. For this purpose, the riser line should be arranged coaxially with respect to the axis of rotation and should be sealed off with respect to the drum base. In this way, the kinetic energy of the liquor, and the gradient, can be utilized for the recirculation action. However, the arrangement of the riser line through the drum base is slightly more complex and more expensive, and normally cannot be retrofitted to existing devices.

(53) Furthermore, the invention is not restricted to a single line section adjoining the ring-shaped duct. It is also possible for at least two line sections to be arranged so as to be distributed over the circumference.

(54) All of the features and advantages that emerge from the claims, from the description and from the drawing, including structural details, spatial arrangements and method steps, may be essential to the invention both individually and in a wide variety of combinations.

LIST OF REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS

(55) 1 Wet treatment device 10 Treatment drum 11 Drum base 12 Drum opening 13 Drum shell 14 Sieve wall 20 First outlet opening 21 Second outlet opening 22 Further outlet opening 23 Further outlet opening 24 Further outlet opening 29 Base 30 Recirculation line device 31 Outflow opening 32 Ring-shaped duct 33 Minimum gap 34 Riser section 35 Winding section 36 Falling section 37 Heating section 38 Heating duct 39 Ring-shaped duct slot 40 Nozzle 41 Outflow direction 42 Nozzle 43 Nozzle 44 Nozzle 60 Core drum 61 Core drum opening 62 Core drum shell 70 Housing 71 Pressure vessel 72 Pressure chamber 73 Housing cover 74 Housing cover leadthrough 75 Housing base 76 Discharge pipe 77 Housing opening 80 Drum cover 81 Central opening 90 Rotary drive A Axis of rotation D Height difference D1 Internal diameter (ring-shaped duct) D2 External diameter (treatment drum) H Heating medium I Internal pressure M Liquor (treatment agent) P Flow path T Textile make-up V Direction of rotation Z Angle of inclination