Filter for a filtration device

Abstract

A filter, for insertion into an inlet duct of a water filtration system, has an annular upper end delimiting an opening around a longitudinal axis and defining a filter diameter. A side wall extends, around the longitudinal axis, between the annular upper end and a bottom wall that extends opposite the opening. The side and/or bottom walls have orifices to allow water to flow therethrough while retaining solid elements. The sidewall wall comprises a plurality of arms that each extend between a lower edge, connected to the bottom wall, and an upper edge forming part of the annular upper end. Each arm extends along an adjustable inclination so that the filter diameter is variable according to the inclination of each arm. When the filter is inserted into the inlet duct, the inclination of the arms is adjusted so that the filter diameter is adapted to the inlet diameter.

Claims

1. A filter, dimensioned for insertion into an inlet duct of a water filtration system, the inlet duct extending around an inlet axis, the inlet duct defining an inlet diameter, the inlet duct being positioned to collect water to be filtered, the filter comprising: an annular upper end of the filter, delimiting an opening around a longitudinal axis of the filter, so as to allow an admission of water into the filter, the annular upper end defining a filter diameter; a bottom wall, forming a bottom of the filter, extending opposite the opening; and a side wall, extending between the annular upper end of the filter and the bottom wall, around the longitudinal axis; the side wall and/or the bottom wall having orifices, so as to allow water to flow through the orifices and to retain solid elements, the size of which is greater than a filtration size, defined by the orifices; wherein the side wall comprises: a plurality of arms, each arm extending between a lower edge of the arm and an upper edge of the arm, the lower edge of the arm being connected to the bottom wall, the upper edges of the arms of the plurality of arms forming the annular upper end of the filter; each arm extending from the bottom wall towards the annular upper end, away from the longitudinal axis, each arm extending along an inclination, the inclination between each arm and the longitudinal axis being adjustable, so that the filter diameter of the annular upper end is variable according to the inclination of each arm; so that when the filter is inserted into the inlet duct, the longitudinal axis being parallel to the inlet axis, the inclination of the arms is adjusted so that the filter diameter of the annular upper end is adapted to the inlet diameter.

2. The filter of claim 1, further comprising a complementary wall extending between each arm.

3. The filter of claim 2, wherein the complementary wall comprises elementary sections, each elementary section extending between two adjacent arms and being connected thereto.

4. The filter of claim 3, wherein at least one elementary section has orifices, so as to allow the flow of water therethrough.

5. The filter of claim 3, wherein at least one elementary section, and an arm to which the elementary section is connected, partially overlap.

6. The filter of claim 2, wherein the complementary wall is formed by a filter membrane, extending against the bottom wall and against each arm.

7. The filter of claim 1, wherein each arm, in the absence of stress on the arm, extends at an angle of inclination at rest with respect to the longitudinal axis.

8. The filter of claim 1, wherein the bottom wall has a diameter, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, strictly less than the diameter of the annular upper end.

9. The filter of claim 1, wherein an angle of inclination at which each of at least two arms extends relative to the longitudinal axis is adjustable.

10. The filter of claim 9, further comprising a wire connected to the at least two arms and actuatable to selectively move the at least two arms towards or away from the longitudinal axis.

11. The filter of claim 10, wherein the upper edge of at least two arms has a groove, so that the wire can slide into the groove.

12. The filter of claim 1, further comprising at least one leg, connected to and extending from the bottom wall, the leg being positioned and dimensioned to rest within the inlet duct when the filter is inserted in the inlet duct.

13. A method for inserting a filter, according to claim 1, into an inlet duct of a filtration system, the inlet duct extending around an inlet axis, according to an inlet diameter, the method comprising: adjusting the diameter of the filter by exerting a stress on arms of the filter, so as to bring the latter closer to the longitudinal axis of the filter, so as to obtain the filter diameter of the annular upper end smaller than the inlet diameter; inserting the filter into the inlet duct, the longitudinal axis of the filter being coincident with the inlet axis, so that after insertion, the bottom wall is disposed at a lower level, relative to the vertical, than the annular upper end; and after the insertion of the filter, releasing the arms so that the arms incline with respect to the longitudinal axis, towards the inlet duct, until the arms rest against the inlet duct.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C represent a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

(2) FIG. 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the present disclosure.

(3) FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C represent a third embodiment of the present disclosure.

(4) FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C represent a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(5) A first embodiment of a filter 1 according to the present disclosure is shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C. It is intended to be introduced into an inlet duct 2 of a filtration module or skimmer. According to this embodiment, the filter 1 comprises a body represented in FIG. 1A. The body of the filter 1 has a bottom wall 11, forming a filter bottom. The bottom wall 11 extends around a longitudinal axis Z.

(6) In this example, the bottom wall 11 extends in a radial plane XY, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z. The bottom wall 11 is preferably parallel or substantially parallel to the radial plane XY. Substantially parallel means parallel within an angular tolerance of +/−30°. Preferably the bottom wall 11 is symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis Z. The bottom wall 11 may be solid or have orifices, the latter being intended to collect solid elements that it is desired to retain in the filter 1. The solid elements may be, in particular, plants, insects, stones or other solid elements that are to be retained. The size of the orifices determines the filtration size, i.e., the minimum size of the elements to be retained. For example, the orifices may have a diameter, or a larger diagonal, ranging from a few μm, e.g., 10 μm, to 1 cm or 2 cm.

(7) The bottom wall 11 can be flat or have a truncated cone section.

(8) The filter body also comprises arms 20, connected to the bottom wall 11 and extending to an upper end 12, which is annular in shape. The upper end 12 extends around the longitudinal axis Z. Each arm 20 is connected to the bottom wall 11 by a lower edge 21. Each arm 20 extends between the lower edge 21 and an upper edge 22. The upper edges 22 of each arm 20 form part of the upper end 12 of the filter 1. The upper end 12 delimits an opening 13, through which the water to be filtered enters the filter 1. The upper end 12 can have a circular or polygonal shape.

(9) The arms 20 form part of a side wall 14 of the filter 1. The side wall 14 is an annular wall, extending transversely to the bottom wall 11, around the longitudinal axis Z. The space bounded by side wall 14, bottom wall 11 and the upper end 12 corresponds to the interior of the filter 1.

(10) The bottom wall 11 defines a diameter, less than or equal to the diameter of the upper end 12.

(11) In the example described in connection with FIGS. 1A to 1C, the arms 20 are made of solid material. This may be plastic or light metal. The use of plastic reduces the manufacturing cost.

(12) In this example, the upper edge 22 of each arm 20 forms a bend, facing outward from the filter 1, to provide a peripheral groove 23 extending around each arm 20.

(13) A filter membrane 25 can be held by the arms 20, as shown in FIG. 1B. In this figure, the filter membrane 25 is placed inside the filter 1, i.e., in the space bounded by the bottom wall 11 and the arms 20. The filter membrane 25 is pressed against the arms 20 up to their upper edge 22 and against the bottom wall 11. The filter membrane 25 can be removed. This allows it to be removed for cleaning. The filter membrane 25 can be attached to the upper edge 22 of each arm 20. For example, it can be fixed by means of an elastic ring extending into the peripheral groove 23. The filter membrane 25 also defines a size of the filter 1.

(14) The filter membrane 25 is a complementary wall, which together with the arms 20 form the side wall 14 of the filter 1. In this embodiment, the arms 20 have a supporting function, while the filter membrane 25, which is supported by the arms, has a filtering function. In this example, the filter membrane 25 is flexible, so that it can adapt to the shape of the bottom wall 11 and the arms 20. It can then adapt to a variation in the inclination of the arms 20 in relation to the longitudinal axis Z, described below.

(15) In FIG. 1B, an adjustment means 26 has also been shown, allowing the size of the filter 1 to be adjusted. The adjustment means 26 has a wire 27, extending into the peripheral groove 23, that can slide into the peripheral groove 23. The wire 27 engages in a holding element 28, which holds the wire 27. A user can grab the holding element 28 and move the filter body away from the holding element 28. This reduces the length of wire 27 that is engaged in the peripheral groove 23. This makes it possible to adjust the size of the filter 1, as further described in connection with FIG. 1C. For example, the holding element 28 can be a sleeve. It is thus easily accessible and can be handled by a user.

(16) As shown in FIG. 1C, each arm 20 forms an angle of inclination α with respect to the longitudinal axis Z. The inclination of each arm 20 is such that each arm 20 gradually deviates from the longitudinal axis Z from the lower edge 21 to the upper edge 22. The angle of inclination α is adjustable for each arm 20 and can vary from 0° to 450 or even 0° to 60 or more. When the angle of inclination is 0°, the arm 20 is parallel to the longitudinal Z axis.

(17) Whatever the embodiment, the filter 1 is such that at rest, i.e., without stress on the arms 20, the arms 20 extend at an at rest angle α.sub.0 with respect to the longitudinal axis Z. The at rest angle α.sub.0 is, for example, between 20° or 30° and 60° or more. Each arm 20 can be deformable, allowing the inclination α to be adjusted and, in particular, reduced. Alternatively, each arm 20 can be rigid, with inclination adjustment being carried out at the lower edge 21. The lower edge 21 of each arm 20 is then arranged to allow the arm 20 to rotate about an axis of rotation in the XY radial plane. The rotation of the arm 20 allows the arm 20 to move toward or away from the longitudinal axis Z. In the absence of stress, the arms 20 tend to move closer to their rest position due to the elasticity of the arms 20 or the junction between the arms 20 and the bottom wall 11. In the rest position, the angle of inclination α of the arms 20 in relation to the longitudinal axis Z corresponds to the at rest angle α.sub.0. In other words, when the inclination of the arms 20 is changed in relation to the angle of inclination at rest by applying a stress to the arms 20, the deformation of the arms 20, in relation to their position at rest, is elastic. When the stress stops, the arms 20 tend to incline at the angle of inclination at rest α.sub.0.

(18) The arms 20 extend around the longitudinal axis Z. Their lower edge 21 is arranged at the periphery of the bottom wall 11, or at a distance of less than 2 cm or 3 cm from the periphery.

(19) As shown in FIG. 1C, the inclination of the arms 20 can be used to change the diameter D of the filter 1. Filter diameter is the maximum diameter of the filter 1. In the examples shown, the filter diameter corresponds to the diameter of the annular upper end 12. The greater the angle of inclination α, the larger the filter diameter D. The diameter adjustment, by adjusting the inclination of the arms 20, makes it possible to adjust the diameter D of the filter 1 in relation to a diameter D′ of the inlet duct 2.

(20) Where the upper end 12 is not circular, the diameter of the upper end 12, corresponds to a diameter of a circle in which it is inscribed.

(21) In its rest position, the filter 1 has a larger diameter D than the diameter D′ of the inlet duct 2. By adjusting the inclination of the arms 20, by tightening the wire 27, the diameter D of the filter 1 is reduced, allowing the filter 1 to be inserted in the inlet duct 2. After the filter 1 has been inserted into the inlet duct 2, the stress exerted by the wire 27 on the arms 20 is released. The arms 20 then tend to move away from the longitudinal axis Z towards their resting inclination. They thus rest against the inner wall of the inlet duct 2. This allows the filter 1 to be held in place. The diameter D of the filter 1 then corresponds to the diameter D′ of the inlet duct 2.

(22) The filter 1 can also have legs 30, connected to the bottom wall 11. The bottom wall 11 is located between each leg 30 and the arms 20. Each leg 30 allows the bottom wall 11 to rest on a support 3 inside the inlet duct 2. For example, the support 3 can be a shoulder in the inlet duct 2, reducing the diameter D′ of the inlet duct 2. Preferably, each leg 30 is a plate oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis Z. In the examples shown in FIGS. 1C, 2 and 3C, the legs 30 take the form of six plates oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis Z, converging toward the latter, being angularly offset from each other by 60°. The legs 30 allow the bottom wall 11 to be raised relative to the support 3, thus promoting the flow of water between the bottom wall 11 and the support 3.

(23) The height of the legs 30, parallel to the longitudinal axis Z, can, for example, be between 1 cm and 10 cm. The height of the arms 20, parallel to the longitudinal axis Z, can, for example, be between 5 cm and 30 cm. The maximum diameter D of the filter 1, in the radial plane XY, can be, for example, between 10 cm and 30 cm. These dimensions can be applied, individually or in combination, in any embodiment.

(24) A second embodiment, in which the filter 1 has arms 20 forming part of the side wall 14 of the filter 1, is shown in FIG. 2. As previously described, the arms 20 extend between the lower edge 21, connected to the bottom wall 11, and the upper edge 22. Each arm 20 is configured such that the upper edge 22 is capable of being moved towards or away from the longitudinal axis Z. The arms 20 are provided with orifices, allowing water to pass through and filter elements to be retained. The same applies to the bottom wall 11 forming the bottom of the filter 1. Between each arm 20 there is a complementary wall 25. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the complementary wall 25 is solid. It is flexible, so that it can conform to a variation in the distance of the arms 20 from the longitudinal axis Z. The arms 20 are made of a rigid material. However, as in the first embodiment, the lower edge of each arm 20 allows a rotational movement of each arm 20 so that it can move away from or towards the longitudinal axis Z. In this example, the complementary wall 25 consists of elementary sections 25′ separated from each other, each elementary section 25′ extending between two adjacent arms 20.

(25) As an alternative, the complementary wall 25 can be provided with orifices, arranged at each elementary section 25′. Each elementary section 25′ then acts as a filtering membrane. As in the first embodiment, the filter 1 has a means of adjusting the filter size (the adjustment means 26), formed by the 27 and the holding element 28. The wire 27 is configured to slide into the peripheral groove 23, formed at the upper edge 22 of each arm 20.

(26) FIGS. 3A to 3C represent a third embodiment of the present disclosure, according to which the filter 1 has a side wall (the side wall 14) formed by rigid arms 20. As previously described, the arms 20 extend between the lower edge 21, connected to the bottom wall 11, and the upper edge 22. The side wall 14 is also formed by the complementary wall 25, the latter comprising elementary sections 25′ separated from each other. Each elementary section 25′ extends between two adjacent arms 20. Each elementary section 25′ is connected to the bottom wall 11, and has an upper edge 22′, capable of moving away from or towards the longitudinal axis Z.

(27) In this third embodiment, the arms 20 and the elementary sections 25′ are rigid. As can be seen in FIG. 3A, each elementary section 25′ is partially superimposed on the two adjacent arms 20 to which it is connected. The portion of the elemental section superimposed on an arm (of arms 20) varies depending on the distance of the arm 20 from the longitudinal axis Z. The closer the upper edge 22 of the arm 20 comes to the longitudinal axis Z, the more the part of the elementary section 25′ superimposed on the arm 20 increases.

(28) The filter has the adjustment means 26 for spreading or tightening the arms 20. The adjustment means 26 has the wire 27, passing through a slot 29 in at least one arm 20. FIG. 3A shows the wire 27 connected to the arm 20. The wire 27 passes through the respective slots 29 in three arms 20, and engages into the peripheral groove 23. An operator can grab the sleeve (holding element 28), so that the arms 20 are tightened. As described in connection with the first embodiment, when the operator releases the sleeve (holding element 28), the arms 20 move apart to their rest position.

(29) Alternatively, the adjustment means 26 may be similar to that described in relation to the first and second embodiments.

(30) In the example shown in FIG. 3A, the arms 20 and the elementary sections 25′ have orifices for water filtration. Depending on the variant, the arms 20 or elementary sections 25′ can be solid.

(31) The alternating arrangement of the arms 20 and the elementary sections 25′ can be seen in FIG. 3B. FIG. 3B also shows the bottom wall 11, which has orifices through which the water to be filtered can flow.

(32) FIG. 3C is aside view of the filter 1 shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B. As in the previous embodiments, the filter 1 has legs 30, extending from the bottom wall 11, parallel to the longitudinal axis Z.

(33) The filter 1 as previously described can be inserted into the inlet duct 2 of a filtration system. Preferably, the longitudinal axis Z of the filter 1 is then merged with the inlet axis Z′ (FIG. 1C) of the inlet duct 2. The bottom wall 11 is inserted beforehand at the upper end 12. The bottom wall 11 is thus arranged at a lower level, with respect to the vertical, than the upper end 12.

(34) The adjustment of the filter diameter D, i.e., the adjustment of the diameter of the upper end 12, is carried out before the filter 1 is inserted. To do this, the arms 20 are stressed so as to reduce their inclination with respect to the longitudinal axis Z. This results in a reduction of the diameter D of the filter 1. Once the diameter D of the filter 1 gets smaller than the diameter D′ of the inlet duct 2, the filter 1 is inserted into the inlet duct 2. After the filter 1 has been inserted, the stress on the arms 20 is released. The arms 20 tend to return to their inclination at rest, away from the longitudinal axis Z. They then rest against the inner wall of the inlet duct 2. The pressure of the arms 20 against the wall causes the diameter D of the filter 1 to reach the diameter D′ of the inlet duct 2. Thus, the water flowing through inlet duct 2 flows through opening 13, so that it is filtered by the filter 1.

(35) FIGS. 4A to 4C represent an alternative embodiment, similar to that shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C. The filter 1 has a side wall (side wall 14) formed by rigid arms 20. As shown in FIG. 4B, the arms 20 extend between their respective lower edges 21, located near the bottom wall 11, and their respective upper edges 22, forming the upper end 12 of the filter 1. The side wall 14 is also formed by the complementary wall 25, in the form of flexible or rigid elementary sections 25′, separated from each other, having the same appearance and function as the arms 20. The arms 20 and the elementary sections 25′ adjacent to them overlap, so as to ensure continuity of filtration along the side wall 14. Thus, each elementary section 25′ can partially overlap at least one adjacent arm 20. Conversely, each arm 20 may overlap, at least partially, with an elementary section (of the elementary sections 25′) adjacent thereto.

(36) In FIG. 4B, it can be seen that the legs 30, the arms 20, the bottom wall 11, and the elementary sections 25′ are openwork.

(37) According to this embodiment, the upper edges 22 of the arms 20 and those of the additional elementary sections 25′ form the upper end 12 of the filter 1, the latter being annular in shape. It defines the diameter of the filter 1.

(38) At the upper end 12, the filter 1 has the adjustment means 26 for adjusting the filter size. According to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4C, the adjustment means 26 comprises, at each arm 20, a tab 26.sub.a, connected to the arm 20 and extending from the upper edge 22 of the arm 20, parallel to the upper edge, towards the elementary section 25′ adjacent thereto. The tab 26.sub.a has pins 26.sub.p, which can engage in openings 26.sub.b at the upper edge 22 of the adjacent elementary section 25′. In the same way, the filter 1 has, at each elementary section 25′, the tab 26.sub.a, connected to the elementary section 25′, and extending from the upper edge 22 of the latter, parallel to the upper edge 22, in the direction of the arm 20 adjacent to it. The tab 26.sub.a has pins 26.sub.p, which can engage in the openings 26.sub.b in the upper edge 22 of the adjacent arm 20. This adjustment means 26 allows simple and precise adjustment of the diameter D defined by the upper end 12 of the filter 1.

(39) The filter 1 also has a holding handle 35 extending between two arms 20 or between two elementary sections 25′ or between one arm 20 and one elementary section 25′, preferably diametrically opposed. The holding handle 35 can be flexible or rigid. The fact that the holding handle 35 is flexible makes it possible to conform to different diameters of the filter 1: the holding handle 35 can then have a variable radius of curvature depending on the diameter of the filter 1. It can be inserted into orifices in the side wall 14, at the level of an arm (of the arms 20) or an elementary section (of the elementary sections 25′). Such a handle (the holding handle 35) can be used for all the previously described embodiments.