METHOD FOR PROMOTING GROWTH AND BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF CREPIDIASTRUM DENTICULATUM

Abstract

A method for promoting growth and bioactive substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum including performing a stress treatment on Crepidiastrum denticulatum during cultivation thereof, in which the stress treatment includes at least of applying visible light, drying, exposing to low temperature, irradiating ultraviolet rays, and applying a chemical elicitor.

Claims

1. A method for promoting growth and bioactive substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum, the method comprising: performing a stress treatment on Crepidiastrum denticulatum during cultivation thereof, the stress treatment comprising at least one of applying visible light, drying, exposing to low temperature, irradiating ultraviolet rays, and applying a chemical elicitor.

2. (canceled)

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the visible light is at least one of white light, red light, green light, and blue light.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the visible light is one monochromatic light of red light, green light, and blue light.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein the visible light comprises mixed light having the ratio of at least one of: red light:blue light=6:4; red light:blue light=7:3; red light:blue light=8:2; red light:blue light=9:1; red light:green light:blue light=5:1:4; red light:green light:blue light=6:1:3; red light:green light:blue light=7:1:2; red light:green light:blue light=8:1:1; red light:green light:blue light=9:1:0; red light:green light:blue light=7:2:1; red light:white light:blue light=8:1:1; red light:white light:blue light=6:2:2; red light:white light:blue light=7:1:2; and red light:white light:blue light=8:2:0.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising harvesting Crepidiastrum denticulatum on the 6th week after planting Crepidiastrum denticulatum, when the visible light is applied during cultivation.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the mixed light further comprises a far-red light.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the mixed light comprises a red light and a blue light mixed at a ratio of 8:2.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein a ratio of the red light to the far-red light is at least one of 1.7, 1.2, 4.1, and 8.6 to 1.

10. The method of claim 7, further comprising harvesting Crepidiastrum denticulatum on the 6th week after planting Crepidiastrum denticulatum, when the mixed light comprising the far red light is applied during cultivation.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying comprises stopping watering to Crepidiastrum denticulatum for a predetermined period of time.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising harvesting Crepidiastrum denticulatum on the 3.sup.rd to 5.sup.th days after the drying stress treatment.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying comprises supplying water to Crepidiastrum denticulatum for a predetermined period of time using a wick.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising harvesting Crepidiastrum denticulatum on the 2.sup.nd day after the drying stress treatment.

15. (canceled)

16. The method of claim 1, wherein applying the low temperature comprises exposing Crepidiastrum denticulatum at 10 C. during one of night time and day time.

17. The method of claim 1, further comprising harvesting Crepidiastrum denticulatum on the 3.sup.rd to 5.sup.th days after the low temperature stress treatment.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet rays comprises UV-A.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising harvesting Crepidiastrum denticulatum 8 hours after UV-A is irradiated to Crepidiastrum denticulatum.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet rays comprises UV-B.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising harvesting Crepidiastrum denticulatum on the 2.sup.nd day after UV-B is irradiated to Crepidiastrum denticulatum.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein UV-B is irradiated to Crepidiastrum denticulatum for 1 hour in every 11 hours during 2 days.

23. The method of claim 1, wherein the chemical elicitor comprises salicylic acid.

24. The method of claim 23, further comprising harvesting Crepidiastrum denticulatum on the 3.sup.rd day after the chemical elicitor is sprayed onto Crepidiastrum denticulatum.

25. The method of claim 1, wherein the growth of Crepidiastrum denticulatum comprises an increase in at least one of a shoot fresh weight, a shoot dry weight, the number of leaves, a leaf area, a leaf length, and a leaf width of an aerial part.

26. The method of claim 1, wherein the bioactive substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum comprise a phenolic compound and a chicoric acid.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The patent or application file contains at least one drawing executed in color. Copies of this patent or patent application publication with color drawings will be provided by the Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee.

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention, and together with the description serve to explain the inventive concepts.

[0035] FIG. 1 is an image showing appearance comparison of a plant of Crepidiastrum denticulatum, depending on various light emitting diode (LED) light qualities.

[0036] FIGS. 2A and 2B are graphs showing results obtained by measuring shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight of an aerial part of Crepidiastrum denticulatum which is treated with 17 kinds of LED light qualities, respectively.

[0037] FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D are graphs showing results obtained by measuring number of leaves, leaf area, leaf length, and leaf width of Crepidiastrum denticulatum which is treated with 17 kinds of LED light qualities, respectively.

[0038] FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D are graphs showing results obtained by measuring a phenolic compound and antioxidation of Crepidiastrum denticulatum which is treated with 17 kinds of LED light qualities, respectively.

[0039] FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D are graphs showing results obtained by measuring chicoric acid and phenylpropanoid substance of Crepidiastrum denticulatum which is treated with 17 kinds of LED light qualities, respectively.

[0040] FIG. 6 is a graph showing far-red LEDs (RB 8:2 LED mixed light, lights obtained by adding a far-red LED to RB 8:2 LED mixed light which are adjusted in four kinds of R/FR ratios) according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0041] FIGS. 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, and 7F are graphs showing results obtained by measuring the shoot fresh weight, the shoot dry weight, the leaf area, the leaf length, the leaf width, and the number of leaves of the aerial part of Crepidiastrum denticulatum which is treated with the far-red LED, respectively.

[0042] FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D are graphs showing results obtained by measuring antioxidation and total phenolic compound of Crepidiastrum denticulatum which is treated with the far-red LED, respectively.

[0043] FIGS. 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D, 9E, and 9F are graphs showing results obtained by measuring chicoric acid and phenylpropanoid substance of Crepidiastrum denticulatum which is treated with the far-red LED, respectively.

[0044] FIGS. 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D are graphs showing results obtained by measuring the phenolic compound, chicoric acid, and antioxidation included in Crepidiastrum denticulatum, and water content of Crepidiastrum denticulatum leaf according to drying stress treatment, respectively.

[0045] FIGS. 11A, 11b, and 11C are graphs showing results obtained by measuring the total phenolic compound and chicoric acid included in Crepidiastrum denticulatum, water content of Crepidiastrum denticulatum leaf, according to two-way drying stress treatment (a wick exposure length of 3 cm using one wick and complete stop of watering), respectively.

[0046] FIGS. 12A and 12B are graphs showing results obtained by measuring the total phenolic compound and chicory acid included in Crepidiastrum denticulatum according to composite cold stress treatment (light intensity 300 mol/m.sup.2/s+low temperature 10 C. 150 mol/m.sup.2/s+low temperature 10 C., 20 C. during the day+10 C. during the night, 10 C. during the day+20 C. during the night), respectively.

[0047] FIGS. 13A and 13B are graphs showing results obtained by measuring the total phenolic compound and chicory acid included in Crepidiastrum denticulatum according to UV-A LED assistant light source treatment, respectively.

[0048] FIGS. 14A, 14B, 14C, and 14D are graphs showing results obtained by measuring the total phenolic compound, antioxidation, chicory acid, and 3,5-DCQA included in Crepidiastrum denticulatum according to UV-A LED assistant light source treatment, respectively.

[0049] FIGS. 15A, 15B, and 15C are graphs showing results obtained by measuring the total phenolic compound, antioxidation, and chicory acid included in Crepidiastrum denticulatum according to salicylic acid treatment, respectively.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Objects, specific advantages, and novel characteristics of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention to be described below are provided by way of example so that the idea of the present invention can be sufficiently transferred to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein but may be modified in many different forms.

[0051] Hereinafter, a method of promoting the growth of Crepidiastrum denticulatum and a method of promoting bioactive substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum according to exemplary embodiments, such as treating with external stress (hereinafter, referred to as stress) by visible light, drying, low temperature, ultraviolet rays and a chemical elicitor, will be described with reference to the following Examples.

<Example 1> Confirmation of Growth of Crepidiastrum denticulatum According to Various LED Light Qualities

[0052] Crepidiastrum denticulatum was cultivated for 6 weeks after being planted in a closed plant production system under conditions of a temperature of 20 C., a humidity of 60%, a carbon dioxide concentration of 1000 ppm, and 200 mol/m.sup.2/s PPFD. Light quality for cultivating Crepidiastrum denticulatum includes red light (R; 654 nm), green light (G; 518 nm), blue light (Blue; B, 455 nm), a combination of red light and blue light (RB), a combination of red light, green light, and blue light (RGB), and a combination of red light, white light (White; W, 456 nm+558 nm) and blue light (RWB). Crepidiastrum denticulatum were cultivated under mixed LED environments in which these visible rays are mixed in 17 various ratios.

[0053] For example, red light (Red), green light (Green), and blue light (Blue) were used as monochromatic lights. Further, as the mixed LED, light was mixed at the following mixed ratios: red light:blue light=6:4 (RB 6:4); red light:blue light=7:3 (RB 7:3); red light:blue light=8:2 (RB 8:2); red light:blue light=9:1 (RB 9:1); red light:green light:blue light=5:1:4 (RGB 5:1:4); red light:green light:blue light=6:1:3 (RGB 6:1:3); red light:green light:blue light=7:1:2 (RGB 7:1:2); red light:green light:blue light=8:1:1 (RGB 8:1:1); red light:green light:blue light=9:1:0 (RGB 9:1:0); red light:green light:blue light=7:2:1 (RGB 7:2:1); red light:white light:blue light=7:1:2 (RWB 7:1:2); red light:white light:blue light=8:1:1 (RWB 8:1:1); red light:white light:blue light=6:2:2 (RWB 6:2:2); and red light:white light:blue light=8:2:0 (RWB 8:2:0) were used. Further, in order to confirm the growth of Crepidiastrum denticulatum according to various LED light qualities, Crepidiastrum denticulatum was also cultivated under the environment of fluorescent lamp (FL), and plant husbandry LED (PH LED) used in a conventional plant factory, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0054] On the 6th week after the planting, the shoot fresh weight, the shoot dry weight, the number of leaves, the leaf area, the leaf length, and the leaf width of the aerial part were measured on 17 treatment groups. In addition, total phenolic compound, antioxidant capacity, chicoric acid, caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DCQA) were analyzed.

[0055] FIGS. 2A and 2B are graphs showing shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight of the aerial part of Crepidiastrum denticulatum, respectively.

[0056] FIGS. 3A to 3D are graphs showing the number of leaves, leaf area, leaf length, and leaf width, respectively.

[0057] FIGS. 4A to 4D are graphs showing the total phenolic concentration, the antioxidant capacity, and the total phenolic content and the antioxidant capacity calculated per plant, respectively.

[0058] FIGS. 5A and 5B are graphs showing chicoric acid concentration, and chicoric acid content calculated per plant. FIGS. 5C and 5D are graphs showing the compound concentrations of caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid, chicoric acid, and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DCQA) and the contents of thereof calculated per plant. As shown in the graphs, on the 6th week after the planting, the shoot fresh weight and the shoot dry weight of the aerial part increased in green light (Green) and blue light (Blue), among the monochromatic rays (shown as Mono in the drawings), and the shoot fresh weight and the shoot dry weight were the highest in the RGB 6:1:3 treatment group among the RGB mixed lights.

[0059] Further, the number of leaves was the highest in the RWB 6:2:2 treatment group. The leaf area was the highest in green light and blue light in monochromatic light, and was the highest in the RGB 6:1:3 treatment group among the RGB mixed lights, which were similar to the results of the shoot fresh weight and the shoot dry weight leaves of the aerial part.

[0060] Further, the total phenolic concentration and the antioxidant capacity were the highest in the fluorescent lamp (FL) group and the RGB 5:1:4 treatment group, and the total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity calculated per plant were generally high in the RGB treatment group.

[0061] Further, the content calculated per plant of the chicoric acid, which is the target substance among major bioactive substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum, was the highest in the RGB 6:1:3 treatment group which showed good growth. Further, the total contents of chicoric acid, caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid, and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DCQA), which are major bioactive substances, were the highest in the RGB 6:1:3 treatment group.

[0062] As such, the growth of the Crepidiastrum denticulatum and the chicoric acid content, which is the target substance, increased in the RGB 6:1:3 mixed light in the light quality treatments using mixed LEDs at various ratios. This technology may refer to that pharmaceutical-based plant raw materials may be capable of being mass-produced uniformly and stably in a plant factory, which is a closed plant production system.

<Example 2> Confirmation of Growth of Crepidiastrum denticulatum According to Far-Red LED

[0063] In Example 2, the growth and the useful substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum were confirmed using various far-red LEDs. The phytochrome of the plant body is converted from an inactive state to an active state by the red light (R), and is converted from the active state to the inactive state by the far-red light (FR). This conversion of phytochrome generates plant growth and morphological changes depending on the ratio of red light to far-red light (R/FR).

[0064] According to exemplary embodiments, four R/FR ratios were adjusted by adding a far-red (FR) LED in the same light intensity (PPFD), which is 130 mol/m.sup.2/s, of the RB 8:2 mixed LED, as shown in FIG. 6. Crepidiastrum denticulatum were cultivated for 6 weeks after planting in a closed plant production system under an environment with a temperature of 20 C., a carbon dioxide concentration of 1000 ppm, and a relative humidity of 60% in light to which the far-red LED was added to the RB 8:2 mixed LED, and in light to which the far-red LED was not added to the RB 8:2 mixed LED.

[0065] On the 6th week after the planting, the shoot fresh weight, the shoot dry weight, the leaf area, the leaf length, the leaf width, and the number of leaves of the aerial part for each light source were measured. In addition, the concentrations, contents and antioxidant activities of the total phenolic compound, chicoric acid, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid were also analyzed.

[0066] FIGS. 7A to 7D are graphs showing the shoot fresh weight, the shoot dry weight, the number of leaves, the leaf area, the leaf length, and the leaf width of the aerial part, respectively.

[0067] FIGS. 8A to 8D are graphs showing the total phenolic compound, antioxidant capacity, and the total phenolic content and the antioxidant capacity calculated per plant, respectively.

[0068] FIGS. 9A to 9F are graphs showing concentrations and contents calculated per plant of chicoric acid, chlorogenic acid, and caftaric acid, respectively.

[0069] As shown in the graphs, the shoot fresh weight, the shoot dry weight, the leaf area, the leaf length, and the leaf width of the aerial part were significantly higher in R/FR 0.7 and 1.2 treatment groups, in which the R/FR ratio was low, i.e., the ratio of far-red LED was high, as compared to control group without the far-red LED and the commercial light source (IS). In particular, the R/FR 1.2 treatment group showing the best growth, did not show a significant difference in the number of leaves as compared to the control group, but the shoot fresh weight increased 2.4 times and the shoot dry weight increased 1.9 times, and the leaf length and leaf width increased greatly, thus resulting in an increase in leaf area. Further, since the total phenolic concentration per unit shoot dry weight of the aerial part of Crepidiastrum denticulatum did not show a significant difference in all treatment groups, the total phenolic content was the highest in the R/FR 0.7 and 1.2 treatment groups showing remarkably good growth in the aerial part, and the antioxidant capacity also showed a similar tendency.

[0070] Further, the concentrations of chicoric acid, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid, which are major bioactive substances, tended to decrease slightly in the R/FR 0.7 and 1.2 treatment groups which had low R/FR ratios, as compared to the control group, but the content capable of being produced from one plant body of Crepidiastrum denticulatum were higher in the R/FR 0.7 and 1.2 treatment groups.

[0071] Accordingly, exemplary embodiments provide an appropriate R/FR ratio which increases the growth of Crepidiastrum denticulatum, which is a medicinal plant and promotes the functional substance content, thereby promoting the production of Crepidiastrum denticulatum with high quality in the closed plant production system.

<Example 3> Analysis of Bioactive Substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum by Drying Stress

[0072] In order to confirm the bioactive substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum using drying environment stress, Crepidiastrum denticulatum was cultivated for 5 weeks after being planted in a closed plant growth system under conditions of a temperature of 20 C., a humidity of 60%, and 150 mol/m.sup.2/s PPFD. On the 5th week after planting Crepidiastrum denticulatum, watering was stopped, and Crepidiastrum denticulatum was treated with drying stress for 5 days. Then, the total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and the chicoric acid content were analyzed.

[0073] FIGS. 10A to 10D are graphs showing the relative water content of leaves, the chicoric acid content, and the total phenolic content and the antioxidant capacity calculated per plant, respectively. In FIGS. 10A to 10D, Control is a control group which is Crepidiastrum denticulatum without stress treatment, and Drought stress is Crepidiastrum denticulatum which is treated with drying stress.

[0074] As shown in the graphs, the relative water content of leaves significantly decreased by drying stress treatment, and the content of chicoric acid, which is the bioactive substance, increased as compared with the control group. In addition, the total phenolic content and the antioxidant capacity per plant increased as compared with the control group at the 3rd day and the 5th day after the drying treatment.

<Example 4> Analysis of Bioactive Substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum by Drying Stress with Two Conditions

[0075] In order to confirm the bioactive substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum using drying environment stress with two conditions, Crepidiastrum denticulatum was cultivated for 5 weeks after being planted in a closed plant production system under conditions of a temperature of 20 C., a humidity of 60%, a carbon dioxide concentration of 1000 ppm, and 300 mol/m.sup.2/s PPFD. On the 5th week after planting, Crepidiastrum denticulatum was treated with two ways drying stress (e.g., exposing a wick to about 3 cm, and complete stop of watering), respectively, and the total phenolic content, the chicoric acid content, and the leaf water potential were analyzed on the 6th week after the planting.

[0076] FIG. 11A is a graph showing the leaf water potential, and FIGS. 11B and 11C are graphs showing the total phenolic content and the chicoric acid content calculated per plant. In FIGS. 11A to 11C, Control is a control group, Drought stress 1 is Crepidiastrum denticulatum treated with drying stress using one wick, and Drought stress 2 is Crepidiastrum denticulatum treated with drying stress using complete stop of watering.

[0077] As shown in the graphs, in the treatment group in which the watering is completely stopped, the leaf water potential drastically decreased on the 2nd day after drying treatment as compared to the control group. In addition, the drying stress with two conditions increased the total phenolic content and the chicoric acid content per plant.

<Example 5> Analysis of Bioactive Substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum by Composite Low Temperature Stress

[0078] In order to confirm the bioactive substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum using composite low temperature environment stress, Crepidiastrum denticulatum was cultivated for 5 weeks after being planted in a closed plant production system under conditions of a temperature of 20 C., a humidity of 60%, a carbon dioxide concentration of 1000 ppm, and 300 mol/m.sup.2/s PPFD. Thereafter, Crepidiastrum denticulatum was treated with four kinds of composite low temperature stress (light intensity 300 mol/m.sup.2/s+low temperature 10 C., light intensity 150 mol/m.sup.2/s+low temperature 10 C., 20 C. during the day+10 C. during the night, 10 C. during the day+20 C. during the night). The functional substance was analyzed on the 6th week after planting.

[0079] FIGS. 12A and 12B are graphs showing the total phenolic content and the chicoric acid content calculated per plant, respectively. In FIGS. 12A and 12B, Control refers to a control group, low temp. 1 is Crepidiastrum denticulatum stress-treated with a light intensity 300 mol/m.sup.2/s+low temperature of 10 C., low temp. 2 is Crepidiastrum denticulatum stress-treated with a light intensity 150 mol/m.sup.2/s+low temperature of 10 C., DIF 1 is Crepidiastrum denticulatum stress-treated with 20 C. during the day+10 C. during the night, and DIF 2 is Crepidiastrum denticulatum stress-treated with 10 C. during the day+20 C. during the night.

[0080] As shown in the drawings, the total phenolic content by the 4 ways of low-temperature stress treatment were the highest in the treatment group at low temperature 10 C. during the night on the 3rd day and the 5th day after treatment, as compared to other treatment groups including the control group. Further, the chicoric acid content was the highest in the treatment group with low temperature at 10 C. during the night and in the treatment group with low temperature at 10 C. during the day on the 3rd day and the 5th day after treatment.

<Example 6> Analysis of Bioactive Substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum by UV-A LED

[0081] Crepidiastrum denticulatum was cultivated for 5 weeks after being planted in a closed plant production system under conditions of a temperature of 20 C., a humidity of 60%, a carbon dioxide concentration of 1000 ppm, and 300 mol/m.sup.2/s PPFD. Then, in order to confirm the bioactive substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum using UV-A LED environmental stress, UV-A LED (370 nm or 385 nm wavelength) as an auxiliary light source was continuously irradiated on Crepidiastrum denticulatum for 1 week.

[0082] The functional substances were analyzed on the 6th week after planting Crepidiastrum denticulatum.

[0083] FIGS. 13A and 13B are graphs showing the total phenolic content and the chicoric acid content calculated per plant, respectively. In FIGS. 13A and 13B, Control is a control group. As shown in the graphs, upon reviewing after 8 hours of treatment with UV-A LED at a wavelength of 370 nm, the total phenolic content and the chicoric acid content were higher than those of the control group.

<Example 7> Analysis of Bioactive Substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum by UV-B LED

[0084] Crepidiastrum denticulatum was cultivated for 6 weeks after being planted in a closed plant production system under conditions of a temperature of 20 C., a humidity of 60%, a carbon dioxide concentration of 1000 ppm, and 300 mol/m.sup.2/s PPFD. Then, in order to confirm the bioactive substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum using the UV-B LED environmental stress, UV-B LED at a wavelength of 306 nm as an auxiliary light source was irradiated twice a day for 1 hour in every 11 hours during 1 week period.

[0085] The functional substances were analyzed on the 2nd day and the 7th day after the treatment. The total phenolic content, the antioxidant capacity, the chicoric acid content, and the 3,5-DCQA content were analyzed.

[0086] FIGS. 14A to 14D are graphs showing the total phenolic content, the antioxidant capacity, the chicoric acid content, and the 3,5-DCQA content, respectively. In FIGS. 14A to 14D, Control refers to a control group.

[0087] As shown in the graphs, the total phenolic content, the antioxidant capacity, the chicoric acid content, and 3,5-DCQA content of the UV-B treatment group increased and were higher than those of the control group on the 2nd day after the treatment.

[0088] The UV-B LED had an electric power of 13.34 W/m.sup.2 per unit area and a cumulative energy up to the 2nd day of 40.02 W/m.sup.2.

<Example 8> Analysis of Bioactive Substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum by Chemical Elicitor

[0089] In order to confirm the bioactive substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum treated with a salicylic acid as a chemical elicitor, Crepidiastrum denticulatum was cultivated for 6 weeks after being planted in a closed plant production system under conditions of a temperature of 20 C., a humidity of 60%, a carbon dioxide concentration of 1000 ppm, and 300 mol/m.sup.2/s PPFD. Then, two concentrations of salicylic acid (1 mM or 2 mM) were evenly sprayed thereon twice a week. The functional substances were analyzed on the 7th week after being planted.

[0090] FIGS. 15A to 15C are graphs showing the total phenolic content, the antioxidant capacity, and the chicoric acid content calculated per plant, respectively. In FIGS. 15A to 15C, Control is a control group, SA 1 mM is Crepidiastrum denticulatum treated with 1 mM salicylic acid, and SA 5 mM is Crepidiastrum denticulatum treated with 5 mM salicylic acid.

[0091] As a result of exogenous treatment of salicylic acid at two concentrations, upon reviewing on the 3rd day after the treatment, the total phenolic content, the antioxidant capacity, the chicoric acid content increased in the treatment group with 1 mM salicylic acid.

[0092] As such, various external environmental stresses can be considered as being are capable of promoting the functional substances of Crepidiastrum denticulatum in a plant factory, which is a closed plant production system, to enable production of high-functional pharmaceutical-based plant raw materials, thereby achieving stable production and supply of the raw material.

[0093] Although certain exemplary embodiments and implementations have been described herein, other embodiments and modifications will be apparent from this description. Accordingly, the inventive concepts are not limited to such embodiments, but rather to the broader scope of the appended claims and various obvious modifications and equivalent arrangements as would be apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art.