Scroll compressor with a lubrication arrangement

Abstract

The scroll compressor (1) includes an orbiting scroll arrangement (7), and a drive shaft (18) configured to drive the orbiting scroll arrangement (7) in an orbital movement, the drive shaft (18) including a lubrication channel (32) and a first lubrication hole (35) fluidly connected to the lubrication channel (32) and emerging in an outer wall of the drive shaft (18). The scroll compressor (1) further includes a first and a second bearings (38, 39) axially offset along a rotation axis of the drive shaft (18) and each configured to engage the drive shaft (18). The first and second bearings (38, 39) and the drive shaft (18) partially define a first annular gap (44) in which emerges the first lubrication hole (35). The first bearing (38) and the drive shaft (18) define a first oil recess fluidly connected to the first annular gap (44), and the second bearing (39) and the drive shaft (18) define a second oil recess fluidly connected to the first annular gap (44).

Claims

1. A scroll compressor including at least: a compression unit configured to compress refrigerant and including at least a first fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll arrangement, a drive shaft configured to drive the orbiting scroll arrangement in an orbital movement, the drive shaft including at least: a lubrication channel configured to be supplied with oil from an oil sump and extending over at least a part of a length of the drive shaft, and a first lubrication hole fluidly connected to the lubrication channel and emerging in an outer wall of the drive shaft, a driving unit coupled to the drive shaft and arranged for driving in rotation the drive shaft about a rotation axis (A), a first and a second bearings axially spaced apart along the rotation axis of the drive shaft and each configured to engage the drive shaft, wherein a space between the first and second bearings and around the drive shaft at least partially defines a first annular gap, the first lubrication hole emerges in the first annular gap, the first bearing and the drive shaft define a first oil recess fluidly connected to the first annular gap, and the second bearing and the drive shaft define a second oil recess fluidly connected to the first annular gap.

2. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the drive shaft further includes a first and a second outer surface portions flat and facing respectively the first and second bearings, the first outer surface portion and the first bearing defining the first oil recess, and the second outer surface portion and the second bearing defining the second oil recess.

3. The scroll compressor according to claim 2, wherein the drive shaft includes a first outer flat part forming the first and second outer surface portions, the first outer flat part further extending along the first annular gap.

4. The scroll compressor according to claim 3, wherein the first lubrication hole is angularly offset from at least one of the first and second outer surface portions with respect to the rotation axis of the drive shaft.

5. The scroll compressor according to claim 3, wherein the first lubrication hole is aligned with the first and second outer surface portions in a direction extending parallelly to the rotation axis of the drive shaft.

6. The scroll compressor according to claim 3, wherein the lubrication channel is offset from the rotation axis of the drive shaft, the first lubrication hole emerging in a first inner wall portion of the lubrication channel opposite to the rotation axis of the drive shaft.

7. The scroll compressor according to claim 2, wherein the first lubrication hole is angularly offset from at least one of the first and second outer surface portions with respect to the rotation axis of the drive shaft.

8. The scroll compressor according to claim 7, wherein the lubrication channel is offset from the rotation axis of the drive shaft, the first lubrication hole emerging in a first inner wall portion of the lubrication channel opposite to the rotation axis of the drive shaft.

9. The scroll compressor according to claim 2, wherein the first lubrication hole is substantially aligned with the first and second outer surface portions in a direction extending parallelly to the rotation axis of the drive shaft.

10. The scroll compressor according to claim 2, wherein the lubrication channel is offset from the rotation axis of the drive shaft, the first lubrication hole emerging in a first inner wall portion of the lubrication channel opposite to the rotation axis of the drive shaft.

11. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the lubrication channel is offset from the rotation axis of the drive shaft, the first lubrication hole emerging in a first inner wall portion of the lubrication channel opposite to the rotation axis of the drive shaft.

12. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the first and second bearings are each configured to further engage one of the first fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll arrangement.

13. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the drive shaft further includes a vent channel fluidly connected to the lubrication channel.

14. The scroll compressor according to claim 13, wherein the vent channel includes a flow restriction area configured to restrict a flow cross-section of the vent channel.

15. The scroll compressor according to claim 14, wherein the flow restriction area is configured such that, at the flow restriction area, a width of the flow cross-section of the vent channel is smaller than a height of the flow cross-section of the vent channel.

16. The scroll compressor according to claim 14, wherein the vent channel includes at least a first vent portion extending radially relative to the rotation axis (A) of the drive shaft, the flow restriction area being provided on the first vent portion.

17. The scroll compressor according to claim 16, wherein the vent channel includes a second vent portion located downstream the first vent portion and extending parallelly to the rotation axis of the drive shaft.

18. The scroll compressor according to claim 13, wherein the vent channel emerges in a second inner wall portion of the lubrication channel located nearby the rotation axis of the drive shaft.

19. The scroll compressor according to claim 13, wherein the drive shaft further includes a closure member configured to partially define the vent channel.

20. The scroll compressor according to claim 19, wherein the closure member includes a restriction member configured to partially define a flow restriction area.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The following detailed description of one embodiment of the invention is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings being understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiment disclosed.

(2) FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section view of a scroll compressor according to a first embodiment of the invention.

(3) FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views of the drive shaft of the scroll compressor of FIG. 1.

(4) FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section view of the drive shaft of FIG. 2.

(5) FIGS. 5 to 8 are partial perspective views, truncated respectively along planes V-V, VI-VI, VII-VII, VIII-VIII of FIG. 4, of the drive shaft of FIG. 2.

(6) FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view, truncated along a longitudinal plane, of the drive shaft of FIG. 2.

(7) FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view, truncated along a transverse plane, of the drive shaft of FIG. 2.

(8) FIG. 11 is a longitudinal section view of the drive shaft of a scroll compressor according to a second embodiment of the invention.

(9) FIG. 12 is a longitudinal section view of the drive shaft of a scroll compressor according to a third embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(10) FIG. 1 shows a scroll compressor 1 occupying a vertical position.

(11) The scroll compressor 1 includes a closed container 2 and a compression unit 3 disposed inside the closed container 2 and configured to compress refrigerant.

(12) The compression unit 3 includes first and second fixed scrolls 4, 5 delimiting an inner volume 6. In particular the first and second fixed scrolls 4, 5 are fixed in relation to the closed container 2. The first fixed scroll 4 may for example be secured to the second fixed scroll 5. The compression unit 3 further includes an orbiting scroll arrangement 7 disposed in the inner volume 6.

(13) The first fixed scroll 4 includes a base plate 8 and a spiral wrap 9 projecting from the base plate 8 towards the second fixed scroll 5, and the second fixed scroll 5 includes a base plate 11 and a spiral wrap 12 projecting from the base plate 11 towards the first fixed scroll 4.

(14) The orbiting scroll arrangement 7 includes a base plate 13, a first spiral wrap 14 projecting from a first face of the base plate 13 towards the first fixed scroll 4, and a second spiral wrap 15 projecting from a second face of the base plate 13 towards the second fixed scroll 5, the second face being opposite to the first face such that the first and second spiral wraps 14, 15 project in opposite directions. The first and second fixed scrolls 4, 5 are respectively located above and below the orbiting scroll arrangement 7.

(15) The first spiral wrap 14 of the orbiting scroll arrangement 7 meshes with the spiral wrap 9 of the first fixed scroll 4 to form a plurality of compression chambers 16 between them, and the second spiral wrap 15 of the orbiting scroll arrangement 7 meshes with the spiral wrap 12 of the second fixed scroll 5 to form a plurality of compression chambers 17 between them. Each of the compression chambers 16, 17 has a variable volume which decreases from the outside towards the inside, when the orbiting scroll arrangement 7 is driven to orbit relative to the first and second fixed scrolls 4, 5.

(16) Furthermore the scroll compressor 1 includes a stepped drive shaft 18 configured to drive the orbiting scroll arrangement 7 in orbital movements, and a driving unit 19 coupled to the drive shaft 18 and configured to drive in rotation the drive shaft 18 about a rotation axis A. The driving unit 19 includes an electric motor located above the first fixed scroll 4. The electric motor has a rotor 21 fitted on the drive shaft 18, and a stator 22 disposed around the rotor 21. For example, the electric motor may be a variable-speed electric motor.

(17) The drive shaft 18 extends vertically across the base plate 13 of the orbiting scroll arrangement 7. The drive shaft 18 comprises a first end portion 23 located above the first fixed scroll 4 and on which is fitted the rotor 21, and a second end portion 24 opposite to the first end portion 23 and located below the second fixed scroll 5. The first end portion 23 has an external diameter larger than the external diameter of the second end portion 24. The first end portion 23 includes a central recess 25 emerging in an end face of the first end portion 23 opposite to the second end portion 24.

(18) The drive shaft 18 further includes a first guided portion 26 and a second guided portion 27 located between the first and second end portion 23, 24, and an eccentric driving portion 28 located between the first and second guided portions 26, 27 and being off-centered from the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18. The eccentric driving portion 28 is arranged to cooperate with the orbiting scroll arrangement 7 so as to cause the latter to be driven in an orbital movement relative to the first and second fixed scroll 4, 5 when the electric motor is operated.

(19) The drive shaft 18 further includes a first outer flat part 29 extending along an outer surface of the first guided portion 26, and a second outer flat part 31 extending along on outer surface of the eccentric driving portion 28. Advantageously, the first and second outer flat parts 29, 31 extend substantially parallely to the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18. The first and second outer flat parts 29, 31 may be angularly offset from each other relative to the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18, and for example substantially diametrically opposite to each other.

(20) The drive shaft 18 further includes a lubrication channel 32 extending over a part of the length of the drive shaft 18 and arranged to be supplied with oil from an oil sump defined by the closed container 2, by an oil pump 34 driven by the second end portion 24 of the drive shaft 18.

(21) According to the first embodiment shown on FIGS. 1 to 10, the lubrication channel 32 is substantially parallel to the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18 and offset, i.e. off-centered, from the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18. However, according to another embodiment of the invention, the lubrication channel 32 may be inclined relative to the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18.

(22) According to the first embodiment shown on FIGS. 1 to 10, the oil pump 34 is made of a pump element having a substantially cylindrical connecting portion connected to the second end portion 24 of the drive shaft 18 and an end portion having a curved shape and provided with an oil opening. However, according to another embodiment of the invention, the oil pump 34 may be made of the second end portion 24 of the drive shaft 18.

(23) The drive shaft 18 also includes a lubrication hole 35 fluidly connected to the lubrication channel 32 and emerging in an outer wall of the first guided portion 26 of the drive shaft 18, a two lubrication holes 36 fluidly connected to the lubrication channel 32 and emerging in an outer wall of the eccentric driving portion 28 of the drive shaft 18, and a lubrication hole 37 fluidly connected to the lubrication channel 32 and emerging in an outer wall of the second guided portion 27 of the drive shaft 18. Advantageously, each lubrication hole extends substantially radially relative to the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18.

(24) The scroll compressor 1 further includes bearing elements configured to engage the drive shaft 18. The bearing elements includes two stationary bearings 38, 39 each provided between the first fixed scroll 4 and the first guided portion 26 of the drive shaft 18, two orbiting bearings 41, 42 each provided between the orbiting scroll arrangement 7 and the eccentric driving portion 28 of the drive shaft 18, and one stationary bearing 43 provided between the second fixed scroll 5 and the second guided portion 27 of the drive shaft 18. It should be noted that the bearings 38, 39, 41, 42, 43 are located on a same side of the drive shaft 18 in relation to the first end portion 23.

(25) The stationary bearings 38, 39, the drive shaft 18 and the first fixed scroll 4 define a first annular gap 44 in which emerges the lubrication hole 35. Further the first outer flat part 29, which extends along the first guided portion 26 of the drive shaft 18, includes a first outer surface portion 29a extending along the stationary bearing 38, and a second outer surface portion 29b extending along the stationary bearing 39. The first outer surface portion 29a and the stationary bearing 38 define a first oil recess 45 fluidly connected to the first annular gap 44, and the second outer surface portion 29b and the stationary bearing 39 define a second oil recess 46 fluidly connected to the first annular gap 44.

(26) The orbiting bearings 41, 42, the drive shaft 18 and the second fixed scroll 5 define a second annular gap 47. Further the second outer flat part 31, which extends along the eccentric driving portion 28 of the drive shaft 18, includes a third outer surface portions 31a extending along the orbiting bearing 41, and a fourth outer surface portions 31b extending along the orbiting bearing 42. The third outer surface portion 31a and the orbiting bearing 41 define a third oil recess 48 fluidly connected to the second annular gap 47, and the fourth outer surface portion 31b and the orbiting bearing 42 define a fourth oil recess 49 fluidly connected to the second annular gap 47.

(27) According to the first embodiment shown on FIGS. 1 to 10, the lubrication hole 35 emerges in an outer portion of the first guided portion 26 of the drive shaft 18 angularly offset from the first outer flat part 29 with respect to the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18, and the lubrication holes 36 emerge in the second outer flat part 31.

(28) The drive shaft 18 further includes a vent channel 51 fluidly connected on the one hand to the lubrication channel 32 and on the other hand to the central recess 25 of the first end portion 23 of the drive shaft 18.

(29) As better shown on FIG. 9, the vent channel 51 includes a first vent portion 51a extending substantially radially relative to the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18, and a second vent portion 51b located downstream the first vent portion 51a and extending substantially parallelly to the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18. According to the first embodiment of the invention, the first vent portion 51a emerges in a inner wall portion of the lubrication channel 32 located nearby the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18, and the second vent portion 51b is opposite to the lubrication channel 32 with respect to the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18. The location of the second vent portion 51b is advantageously opposite to the inner wall portion of the lubrication channel 32 along which the oil flows by centrifugation during the rotation of the drive shaft 18.

(30) The vent channel 51 further includes a flow restriction area 52 provided on the first vent portion 51a and configured to radially restrict the flow cross-section of the first vent portion 51a. The first vent portion 51a may include a first section provided upstream the flow restriction area 52 and a second section provided downstream the flow restriction area 52. Further, the flow restriction area 52 may be located nearby an inner wall portion of the lubrication channel 32. According to an embodiment of the invention, the flow restriction area 52 may be substantially centered with respect to rotation axis A of the drive shaft.

(31) Advantageously, the flow restriction area 52 is configured such that, at the flow restriction area 52, a width W of the flow cross-section of the first vent portion 51a is smaller than a height H of the flow cross-section of the first vent portion 51a.

(32) The drive shaft 18 further includes a closure member 53 located in the central recess 25 of the first end portion 23, and configured to close an end portion of the lubrication channel 32 and to partially define the vent channel 51.

(33) The closure member 53 includes a restriction member 54 configured to partially define the flow restriction area 52, and a vent hole 55 forming the second vent portion 51b of vent channel 51.

(34) The scroll compressor 1 further includes a first counterweight 56 and a second counterweight 57 connected to the drive shaft 18, and arranged to balance the mass of the orbiting scroll arrangement 7. The first counterweight 56 is located above the first fixed scroll 4, and the second counterweight 57 is located below the second fixed scroll 5.

(35) According to the first embodiment shown on FIGS. 1 to 10, the first counterweight 56 and the drive shaft 18 are formed as a one-piece element, and the second counterweight 57 is distinct from the drive shaft 18 and is attached to the latter. For example, the first counterweight 56 may be formed by removing material from the drive shaft 18.

(36) The scroll compressor 1 also includes a refrigerant suction inlet (not shown in the figures) communicating with the inner chamber 6 to achieve the supply of refrigerant to the compression unit 3, and a discharge outlet (not shown in the figures) for discharging the compressed refrigerant outside the scroll compressor 1.

(37) In operation, the oil supplied to the lubrication channel 32 by oil pump 34, flows by centrifugation along the inner wall portion of the lubrication channel 32 opposite to the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18. A first part of the oil supplied to the lubrication channel 32 enters the lubrication hole 37 and lubricates the stationary bearing 43. A second part of the oil supplied to the lubrication channel 32 enters the lubrication holes 36 and the third and fourth oil recesses 48, 49, and then lubricates the orbiting bearing 41, 42. A third part of the oil supplied to the lubrication channel 32 enters successively the lubrication hole 35, the first annular gap 44 and the first and second oil recesses 45, 46, and then lubricates the stationary bearings 38, 39.

(38) Further the vent channel 51 ensures the degassing of the oil circulating in the lubrication channel 32, and particularly the discharge of the refrigerant originating from the degassing outside the drive shaft 18. The flow restriction area 52 prevents or at least limits the oil discharge, or oil leaks, through the vent channel 51, even when the quantity of oil in the lubrication channel 32 is particularly considerable.

(39) FIG. 11 represents the drive shaft 18 of a scroll compressor 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention which differs from the first embodiment in that the drive shaft 18 includes two lubrication holes 35 emerging respectively in the first and second outer surface portions 29a, 29b of the first outer flat part 29, and only one lubrication hole 36 emerging in the second annular gap 47. According to said second embodiment of the invention, the lubrication hole 36 may emerge in an outer portion of the eccentric driving portion 28 of the drive shaft 18 angularly offset from the second outer flat part 31 with respect to the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18.

(40) FIG. 12 represents the drive shaft 18 of a scroll compressor 1 according to a third embodiment of the invention which differs from the first embodiment in that the drive shaft 18 includes only one lubrication hole 36 emerging in the second annular gap 47. According to said second embodiment of the invention, the lubrication hole 36 may emerge in an outer portion of the eccentric driving portion 28 of the drive shaft 18 angularly offset from the second outer flat part 31 with respect to the rotation axis A of the drive shaft 18.

(41) Of course, the invention is not restricted to the embodiments described above by way of non-limiting examples, but on the contrary it encompasses all embodiments thereof.