Fastening device

Abstract

A fastening device has a first fastening member with a plurality of teeth and a second fastening member with a plurality of sockets which are sequentially engagable in tooth and socket pairs in an engagement direction by relative rotation of the tooth and socket. Each tooth has a first surface and a second surface fixed relative to the first surface. Each socket has a recess defined by a first wall and second wall fixed relative to the first wall. Upon engagement, the first and second surfaces of the tooth abut the respective first and second walls of the recess and prevent relative movement of the tooth in the engagement direction and a portion of the first wall of the socket closely abutting the first surface of the tooth is disposed between the tooth and a portion of the first fastening member and prevents relative separation of the tooth and socket.

Claims

1. A fastening device, comprising: a first fastening member having a plurality of teeth; a second fastening member having a plurality of sockets, each socket having a recess sized and shaped to receive and engage with one of the plurality of teeth; the plurality of teeth and sockets being sequentially engagable in tooth and socket pairs, in an engagement direction parallel to a first axis (X) which is orthogonal to second (Z) and third (Y) orthogonal axes; each tooth and socket pair being adapted for engagement by relative rotation of the associated tooth and socket; each tooth having a first surface and having a second surface spaced from the first surface in the engagement direction and fixed relative to the first surface; each recess being defined at least in part by a first wall of the socket and a second wall of the socket, the second wall of the socket being spaced from the first wall in the engagement direction and being fixed relative to the first wall; each tooth and socket pair having an engaged position wherein the associated tooth is received within the recess of the associated socket; in the engaged position the associated tooth and socket cooperating to prevent relative movement of the associated tooth and socket parallel to the first axis (X) and third axis (Y); upon engagement of a tooth and socket pair, the first and second surfaces of the associated tooth closely abut the respective first and second walls of the associated recess and prevent relative movement of the associated tooth and socket parallel to the first axis (X), and a portion of the first wall of the socket closely abutting the first surface of the associated tooth is disposed between the associated tooth and a portion of the first fastening member in a direction parallel to the third axis (Y) and prevents relative separation of the associated tooth and socket parallel to the third axis (Y); upon engagement of a first tooth and socket pair, relative movement of a tooth and socket of a second tooth and socket pair sequential to the first tooth and socket pair in the engagement direction being thereby substantially limited to relative rotational movement about a first pivot axis parallel to the second axis (Z), and the tooth and socket of the second tooth and socket pair being adapted for engagement by relative pivoting movement about the first pivot axis; upon subsequent engagement of the second tooth and socket pair, relative movement of a tooth and socket of a third tooth and socket pair sequential to the second tooth and socket pair in the engagement direction being thereby substantially limited to relative rotation about a second pivot axis parallel to the second axis (Z), and the tooth and socket of the third tooth and socket pair being adapted for engagement by relative pivoting movement about the second pivot axis, and subsequent engagement of the third tooth and socket pair being operable to substantially prevent relative rotation of the tooth and socket of the second tooth and socket pair about the first pivot axis; the first surface of each tooth has a profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), and at least a portion of the profile of the first surface is concave and has a center of curvature on an associated tooth center of curvature; upon engagement of the first tooth and socket pair, the tooth center of curvature of the tooth of the second tooth and socket pair is substantially disposed on the first pivot axis; the first wall of the recess of each socket has a profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), and at least a portion of the profile of the first wall is convex complementary to the first surface and has a center of curvature on a socket center of curvature; and in the engaged position of each tooth and socket pair, the tooth center of curvature of the associated tooth and the socket center of curvature of the associated socket are substantially located at the same point.

2. A fastening device, as in claim 1, wherein: the second surface of each tooth has a profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), and at least a portion of the profile of the second surface is convex and has a center of curvature on the associated tooth center of curvature; and the second wall of the recess of each socket has a profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), and at least a portion of the profile of the second wall is concave complementary to the second surface and has a center of curvature on the socket center of curvature.

3. A fastening device, as in claim 1, wherein: the plurality of teeth includes a first tooth and a second tooth sequential to the first tooth in the engagement direction, the tooth center of curvature of the second tooth being between the first tooth and the second tooth; the plurality of sockets includes a first socket and a second socket sequential to the first socket in the engagement direction, the socket center of curvature of the second socket being between the first socket and the second socket; and either: (a) the first fastening member is flexible and adapted to substantially limit movement of the second tooth relative to the first tooth to relative rotation about a tooth pivot substantially on the tooth center of curvature of the second tooth; or (b) the second fastening member is flexible and adapted to substantially limit movement of the second socket relative to the first socket to relative rotation about a socket pivot substantially on the socket center of curvature of the second socket.

4. A fastening device, as in claim 3, wherein: each first and second tooth includes a base, the base being rigid and extending from a proximal end of the associated tooth parallel to the first axis (X); the tooth pivot comprises a first flexible portion disposed between and interconnecting the base of the first tooth to the base of the second tooth; and a length of the first flexible portion is less than a length of the base of each first and second tooth, the lengths being measured in the engagement direction.

5. A fastening device, as in claim 3, wherein: each of the first and second sockets is rigid, and the socket pivot comprises a second flexible portion disposed between and interconnecting the first socket to the second socket; and a length of the second flexible portion is less than a length of each first and second socket, the lengths being measured in the engagement direction.

6. A fastening device, as in claim 4, wherein the tooth pivot is adjacent to an interface between the base of the second tooth and the first flexible portion.

7. A fastening device, as in claim 5, wherein the socket pivot is adjacent to an interface between the second socket and the second flexible portion.

8. A fastening device comprising: a first fastening member having a plurality of teeth; a second fastening member having a plurality of sockets, each socket having a recess sized and shaped to receive and engage with one of the plurality of teeth; the plurality of teeth and sockets being sequentially engagable in tooth and socket pairs, in an engagement direction parallel to a first axis (X) which is orthogonal to second (Z) and third (Y) orthogonal axes; each tooth and socket pair being adapted for engagement by relative rotation of the associated tooth and socket; each tooth having a first surface and having a second surface spaced from the first surface in the engagement direction and fixed relative to the first surface; each recess being defined at least in part by a first wall of the socket and a second wall of the socket, the second wall of the socket being spaced from the first wall in the engagement direction and being fixed relative to the first wall; each tooth and socket pair having an engaged position wherein the associated tooth is received within the recess of the associated socket; in the engaged position the associated tooth and socket cooperating to prevent relative movement of the associated tooth and socket parallel to the first axis (X) and third axis (Y); the first fastening member comprises a first web, the first web being flexible and having first and second opposed surfaces and a plurality of holes extending therethrough; each tooth includes a rigid base extending parallel to the first axis (X) from a proximal end of the tooth, the base of each tooth being affixed to the first surface of the first web, and the associated tooth extending through one of the plurality of holes of the first web and protruding from the second surface of the first web; the second fastening member comprising a second web, the second web being flexible and having first and second opposed surfaces and a plurality of holes extending therethrough; each socket is disposed on the first surface of the second web, and each recess is aligned with one of the plurality of holes of the second web; and when a tooth and socket pair is in the engaged position, the second surface of the first web abuts the second surface of the second web and the tooth extends through the associated hole in the second web and into the recess of the socket.

9. A fastening device, comprising: a first fastening member having a plurality of teeth; a second fastening member having a plurality of sockets, each socket having a recess sized and shaped to receive and engage with one of the plurality of teeth; the plurality of teeth and sockets being sequentially engagable in tooth and socket pairs, in an engagement direction parallel to a first axis (X) which is orthogonal to second (Z) and third (Y) orthogonal axes; each tooth and socket pair being adapted for engagement by relative rotation of the associated tooth and socket; each tooth having a first surface and having a second surface spaced from the first surface in the engagement direction and fixed relative to the first surface; each recess being defined at least in part by a first wall of the socket and a second wall of the socket, the second wall of the socket being spaced from the first wall in the engagement direction and being fixed relative to the first wall; each tooth and socket pair having an engaged position wherein the associated tooth is received within the recess of the associated socket; in the engaged position the associated tooth and socket cooperating to prevent relative movement of the associated tooth and socket parallel to the first axis (X) and third axis (Y); the plurality of teeth including a first column of teeth aligned in the engagement direction and the plurality of sockets including a first column of sockets aligned in the engagement direction; a slider adapted for sequential engagement and disengagement of the first column of teeth and the first column of sockets in the engagement and disengagement directions, respectively; the slider having a first channel adapted to sequentially receive each tooth of the first column of teeth and having a second channel adapted to sequentially receive each socket of the first column of sockets; and the first and second channels being adapted to positively align the first column of teeth with the first column of sockets along a lateral axis parallel to the second axis (Z).

10. A fastening device, as in claim 9, wherein: the first channel is adapted to sequentially contact opposed lateral edges of the base of each tooth of the first column of teeth to align the first column of teeth along the lateral axis; and the second channel is adapted to sequentially contact opposed lateral edges of each socket of the first column of sockets to align the first column of sockets along the lateral axis.

11. A fastening device, comprising: a first fastening member having a plurality of teeth; a second fastening member having a plurality of sockets, each socket having a recess sized and shaped to receive and engage with one of the plurality of teeth; the plurality of teeth and sockets being sequentially engagable in tooth and socket pairs, in an engagement direction parallel to a first axis (X) which is orthogonal to second (Z) and third (Y) orthogonal axes; each tooth and socket pair being adapted for engagement by relative rotation of the associated tooth and socket; each tooth having a first surface and having a second surface spaced from the first surface in the engagement direction and fixed relative to the first surface; each recess being defined at least in part by a first wall of the socket and a second wall of the socket, the second wall of the socket being spaced from the first wall in the engagement direction and being fixed relative to the first wall; each tooth and socket pair having an engaged position wherein the associated tooth is received within the recess of the associated socket; in the engaged position the associated tooth and socket cooperating to prevent relative movement of the associated tooth and socket parallel to the first axis (X) and third axis (Y); upon engagement of a tooth and socket pair, the first and second surfaces of the associated tooth closely abut the respective first and second walls of the associated recess and prevent relative movement of the associated tooth and socket parallel to the first axis (X), and a portion of the first wall of the socket closely abutting the first surface of the associated tooth is disposed between the associated tooth and a portion of the first fastening member in a direction parallel to the third axis (Y) and prevents relative separation of the associated tooth and socket parallel to the third axis (Y); upon engagement of a first tooth and socket pair, relative movement of a tooth and socket of a second tooth and socket pair sequential to the first tooth and socket pair in the engagement direction being thereby substantially limited to relative rotational movement about a first pivot axis parallel to the second axis (Z), and the tooth and socket of the second tooth and socket pair being adapted for engagement by relative pivoting movement about the first pivot axis; upon subsequent engagement of the second tooth and socket pair, relative movement of a tooth and socket of a third tooth and socket pair sequential to the second tooth and socket pair in the engagement direction being thereby substantially limited to relative rotation about a second pivot axis parallel to the second axis (Z), and the tooth and socket of the third tooth and socket pair being adapted for engagement by relative pivoting movement about the second pivot axis, and subsequent engagement of the third tooth and socket pair being operable to substantially prevent relative rotation of the tooth and socket of the second tooth and socket pair about the first pivot axis; the first surface of each tooth has a profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), and at least a portion of the profile of the first surface is concave and has a center of curvature on an associated tooth center of curvature; upon engagement of the first tooth and socket pair, the tooth center of curvature of the tooth of the second tooth and socket pair is substantially disposed on the first pivot axis; the first wall of the recess of each socket has a profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), and at least a portion of the profile of the first wall is convex complementary to the first surface and has a center of curvature on a socket center of curvature; in the engaged position of each tooth and socket pair, the tooth center of curvature of the associated tooth and the socket center of curvature of the associated socket are substantially located at the same point; the second surface of each tooth has a profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), and at least a portion of the profile of the second surface is convex and has a center of curvature on the associated tooth center of curvature; the second wall of the recess of each socket has a profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), and at least a portion of the profile of the second wall is concave complementary to the second surface and has a center of curvature on the socket center of curvature; each tooth has a constant cross section over a substantial length of the tooth, said cross section taken parallel to a plane defined by a radius of curvature of the profile of the first surface of the tooth and the second axis (Z); and each recess has a constant cross section over a substantial length of the recess, said cross section taken parallel to a plane defined by a radius of curvature of the profile of the first wall of the recess and the second axis (Z).

12. A fastening device, as in claim 1, wherein the recess of each socket extends through the socket from a proximal end to a distal end of the socket.

13. A fasting device, as in claim 1, comprising: a hinge interconnecting the first tooth and the second tooth; or a hinge interconnecting the first socket and the second socket.

14. A fastening device, comprising: a first fastening member having a plurality of teeth; a second fastening member having a plurality of sockets, each socket having a recess sized and shaped to receive and engage with one of the plurality of teeth; the plurality of teeth and sockets being sequentially engagable in tooth and socket pairs, in an engagement direction parallel to a first axis (X) which is orthogonal to second (Z) and third (Y) orthogonal axes; each tooth and socket pair being adapted for engagement by relative rotation of the associated tooth and socket; each tooth having a first surface and having a second surface spaced from the first surface in the engagement direction and fixed relative to the first surface; each recess being defined at least in part by a first wall of the socket and a second wall of the socket, the second wall of the socket being spaced from the first wall in the engagement direction and being fixed relative to the first wall; each tooth and socket pair having an engaged position wherein the associated tooth is received within the recess of the associated socket; in the engaged position the associated tooth and socket cooperating to prevent relative movement of the associated tooth and socket parallel to the first axis (X) and third axis (Y); upon engagement of a tooth and socket pair, the first and second surfaces of the associated tooth closely abut the respective first and second walls of the associated recess and prevent relative movement of the associated tooth and socket parallel to the first axis (X), and a portion of the first wall of the socket closely abutting the first surface of the associated tooth is disposed between the associated tooth and a portion of the first fastening member in a direction parallel to the third axis (Y) and prevents relative separation of the associated tooth and socket parallel to the third axis (Y); upon engagement of a first tooth and socket pair, relative movement of a tooth and socket of a second tooth and socket pair sequential to the first tooth and socket pair in the engagement direction being thereby substantially limited to relative rotational movement about a first pivot axis parallel to the second axis (Z), and the tooth and socket of the second tooth and socket pair being adapted for engagement by relative pivoting movement about the first pivot axis; upon subsequent engagement of the second tooth and socket pair, relative movement of a tooth and socket of a third tooth and socket pair sequential to the second tooth and socket pair in the engagement direction being thereby substantially limited to relative rotation about a second pivot axis parallel to the second axis (Z), and the tooth and socket of the third tooth and socket pair being adapted for engagement by relative pivoting movement about the second pivot axis, and subsequent engagement of the third tooth and socket pair being operable to substantially prevent relative rotation of the tooth and socket of the second tooth and socket pair about the first pivot axis; the first surface of each tooth has a profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), and at least a portion of the profile of the first surface is concave and has a center of curvature on an associated tooth center of curvature; upon engagement of the first tooth and socket pair, the tooth center of curvature of the tooth of the second tooth and socket pair is substantially disposed on the first pivot axis; the first wall of the recess of each socket has a profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), and at least a portion of the profile of the first wall is convex complementary to the first surface and has a center of curvature on a socket center of curvature; in the engaged position of each tooth and socket pair, the tooth center of curvature of the associated tooth and the socket center of curvature of the associated socket are substantially located at the same point; the second surface of each tooth has a profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), and at least a portion of the profile of the second surface is convex and has a center of curvature on the associated tooth center of curvature; the second wall of the recess of each socket has a profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), and at least a portion of the profile of the second wall is concave complementary to the second surface and has a center of curvature on the socket center of curvature; the first and second surfaces of each tooth have a partially cylindrical shape with a common axis of curvature which is parallel to the second axis (Z) and passes through the tooth center of curvature, where the first surface is concave and the second surface is convex; and the first wall and second walls of each socket have a partially cylindrical shape with a common axis of curvature which is parallel to the second axis (Z) and passes through the socket center of curvature, where the first wall is convex and the second wall is concave.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional elevation view of the first fastening member and associated plurality of teeth and the second fastening member and associated plurality of sockets showing profiles of the teeth and recesses, according to an embodiment of the claimed technology.

(2) FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional elevation view of the first fastening member and associated plurality of teeth and the second fastening member and associated plurality of sockets showing a first tooth and socket pair in a fully engaged state and a second tooth and socket pair in a disengaged state according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(3) FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional elevation view of the first fastening member and associated plurality of teeth and the second fastening member and associated plurality of sockets showing the first tooth and socket pair in a fully engaged state and a second tooth and socket pair in a partially engaged state according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(4) FIG. 1D is a cross-sectional elevation view of the first fastening member and associated plurality of teeth and the second fastening member and associated plurality of sockets showing both the first and second tooth and socket pairs in an engaged state according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(5) FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the first fastening member and associated plurality of teeth and the second fastening member and associated plurality of sockets showing first and second tooth and socket pairs in a fully engaged state and a third tooth and socket pair in a disengaged state according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(6) FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional elevation view of the portion of the first and second fastening members between the sequential tooth and socket pairs, referred to as the pivot axis area, according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(7) FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional plan view of a variety of possible shapes for the cross-sectional shape of the tooth as taken parallel to the line labeled B-B in FIG. 2 according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(8) FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional elevation view of a tooth and socket pair in an engaged state according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(9) FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional elevation view of a tooth according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(10) FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional elevation view of a socket according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(11) FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view of a socket according to aspects of an embodiment of the claimed technology.

(12) FIG. 5A is an isometric depiction of the first fastening member showing the second opposing surface of the first fastening member and its associated plurality of teeth according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(13) FIG. 5B is an isometric depiction of the first fastening member showing the first opposing surface of the first fastening member and the rigid bases of its associated plurality of teeth according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(14) FIG. 6A is an isometric depiction of the second fastening member showing the first opposing surface of the second fastening member and its associated sockets according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(15) FIG. 6B is an isometric depiction of the second fastening member showing the second opposing surface of the second fastening member with its plurality of holes according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(16) FIG. 7A is an isometric depiction of the slider according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(17) FIG. 7B is a depiction of the cross-sectional profile of the slider according to aspects of the exemplary embodiment of the claimed technology depicted in FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(18) The following detailed description illustrates the technology by way of example, not by way of limitation of the principles of the invention. This description will enable one skilled in the art to make and use the technology, and describes several embodiments, adaptations, variations, alternatives and uses of the invention, including what is presently believed to be the best mode of carrying out the invention. One skilled in the art will recognize alternative variations and arrangements, and the present technology is not limited to those embodiments described hereinafter.

(19) The fastening device described herein is intended as an alternative to the traditional fastening devices used on clothing and the like, including zippers, buttons, Velcro (hook and loop), etc. The technology employs first and second fastening members, which may be attached to, or incorporated into, parts of an article to be joined such as, for example, wearable articles or other articles. Like a zipper, parts of the claimed fastening device would be attached to each fastening member. As depicted in FIG. 1 (A-D), the first fastening member 10 employs a plurality of teeth 12 and the second fastening member 20 employs a plurality of sockets 22. The teeth 12 and sockets 22 are disposed on the associated first fastening member 10 and second fastening member 20 such that the teeth 12 and sockets 22 come together to form tooth and socket pairs 34 upon engagement of the fastening members. The teeth and socket pairs are sequentially engageable in an engagement direction parallel to a first axis (X) (e.g., left to right as depicted in the drawings), which is orthogonal to a second axis (Z) and third axis (Y), which are mutually orthogonal. Each tooth and socket pair is adapted for engagement substantially only by relative rotation of the associated tooth and socket.

(20) Referring to FIGS. 1-6A, each tooth 12 has a base 18 and has a first surface 14 and a second surface 16, where the second surface 16 is opposite and spaced from the first surface 14 in the engagement direction. The relative positions of the first surface 14 and second surface 16 of the tooth 12 are fixed such that the spacing between the first and second surfaces does not change during engagement or disengagement of the fastening device and in particular does not change during any flexure of the first or second fastening members 10, 20.

(21) The first surface 14 preferably has a concave profile as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), on at least a portion of the first surface 14 or, as depicted, on substantially the entire length of the tooth from a proximal end substantially to a distal end. The second surface 16 has a convex profile as viewed in the same direction, on at least a portion of the second surface 16 or, as depicted, on substantially the entire length of the tooth. Preferably, the curved portions of the first and second surfaces 14, 16 share a common tooth center of curvature which is located adjacent an end of the base 18.

(22) While FIG. 1A depicts an embodiment wherein substantially the entire lengths of the first surface 14 and second surface are curved, this is not the only arrangement possible under the principles of the claimed technology. For example, the curved portions of the first surface 14 and second surface 16 could be limited to only a section thereof. Other possible embodiments will be ascertainable to those skilled in the art.

(23) The first surface 14 of the tooth can have a partially cylindrical concave shape with an axis of curvature which is parallel to the second axis (Z) and passes through the tooth center of curvature. Similarly, the second surface 16 of the tooth 12 can have a partially cylindrical convex shape and can have an axis of curvature in common with that of the first surface 14 of the tooth 12.

(24) Each socket 22 has a recesses 24 sized and shaped to closely receive and engage with the associated tooth 12. The shapes of the teeth 12 and associated recesses 24 cooperate to ensure that the tooth and socket pairs 34 remain engaged. The recess 24 is formed in an interior of the socket 22 and is defined at least in part by a first wall 26 and a second wall 28 on the interior of the socket 22. The second wall 28 is opposite and spaced from the first wall 26 in the engagement direction and the relative positions of the first wall 26 and second wall 28 of the socket 24 are fixed such that the spacing between the first and second walls 26, 28 does not change during engagement or disengagement of the fastening device, and in particular does not change during any flexure of the first or second fastening members 10, 20. To that end, the first and second walls 26, 28 can be rigidly interconnected, for example by a pair of opposed sidewalls 29 spaced apart parallel to the second axis (Z), which also serve to further define the recess 24. Alternatively, the first and second walls 26, 28 can be rigidly interconnected by a base or top of the socket 22, or other suitable structure. In preferred embodiments, the configuration and all dimensions of the socket, recess and teeth remain unchanged during engagement and disengagement of the fastening device, and during any flexure of the first or second fastening members 10, 20.

(25) The first wall 26 of the socket 22 preferably has a convex profile, complementary to the concave first surface 14 of the tooth, as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z). The convex curve can be on a portion of a first wall 26 or, as depicted, on substantially the entire length of the socket from a proximal end substantially to a distal end. The second wall 28 has a concave profile as viewed in the same direction, complementary to the convex second surface 16 of the tooth, which can be on a portion of a second wall 28 or, as depicted, on substantially the entire length of the socket. Preferably, the curved portions of the first and second walls 26, 28 share a common socket center of curvature which is located adjacent an end of the socket.

(26) The first wall 26 of the socket 22 can have a partially cylindrical convex shape, complementary to the shape of the first surface 14 of the teeth 12, and can have an axis of curvature which is parallel to the second axis (Z) and passes through the socket center of curvature. The second wall 28 of the socket 22 can have a partially cylindrical concave shape, complementary to the second surface 16 of the teeth 12, and can have an axis of curvature in common with that of the first wall 26 of the socket 22.

(27) While FIG. 1A depicts an embodiment wherein substantially the entire lengths of the first wall 26 and second wall 28 are curved, this is not the only arrangement possible under the principles of the claimed technology. For example, the curved portions of the first wall 26 and second wall 28 could be limited to only a section thereof. Other possible embodiments will be ascertainable to those skilled in the art.

(28) The important aspects of the interaction between the tooth 12 and the socket 22 are that they prevent relative movement of the tooth 12 and socket 22 once engaged. For this purpose, it is important that, when the tooth and socket are engaged, the first surface 14 of the tooth closely abuts the first wall 26 of the socket 22 at least at some point, and that the second surface 16 of the tooth closely abuts the second wall of the socket 22 to limit and prevent substantial relative movement of the tooth 12 and socket 22 parallel to the first axis (X).

(29) In addition, it is desirable that, when the tooth 12 and socket 22 are engaged, opposed side surfaces 15, 17 of the tooth, spaced apart parallel to the second axis (Z), closely abut corresponding opposing side walls 29 of the socket to limit relative movement of the tooth 12 and socket 22 parallel to the second axis (Z). The side walls 29 of the socket 22 and the side surfaces 15, 17 of the teeth 12 can be substantially planar and substantially parallel to a plane defined by the first (X) and third (Y) axes. However, a top portion of the side surfaces 15, 17 of the teeth 12 can be tapered inwardly (i.e., toward the opposing side surface) to facilitate insertion of the tooth in the socket.

(30) Furthermore, at least some part of the first wall 26 of the socket 22 closely abutting the first surface 14 of the tooth 12 is disposed between the first surface 14 of the tooth 12 and a portion of the first fastening member 10 (i.e., parallel to the third axis (Y)). Preferably, as depicted in FIG. 10, when the tooth and socket are engaged a substantial length of the first wall 26 of the socket 22 closely abuts the first surface 14 of the tooth 12, thereby interposing a substantial portion of the first wall 26 between the first surface 14 and the first fastening member 10. This aspect of the fastening device limits and substantially prevents relative separation movement of the tooth 12 and socket 22 parallel to the third axis (Y) once engaged. However, other configurations of the first surface 14 and first wall 26 are possible that will effectively so limit relative separation movement along the third axis (Y), as will be recognized by those skilled in the art.

(31) The fastening device is adapted to engage the first fastening member 10 with the second fastening member 20 in a singular engagement direction, similar to a zipper. In some embodiments, the fastening device is also adapted to disengage, with such disengagement occurring only in the singular direction opposite to the engagement direction, or the disengagement direction. As depicted in FIGS. 1A-D, the engagement direction proceeds parallel to the first axis (X) (i.e., from left to right as depicted), whereby each tooth and socket pair 34 is engaged sequentially. Engagement occurs through relative rotation of the tooth 12 and socket 22 about a pivot axis area 30. Relative rotational engagement is important given the configuration of the teeth 12 and socket recesses 24, particularly including the requirement that at least a portion of the first wall 26 of the socket 22 is disposed between the first surface 14 of the tooth 12 and the first fastening member 10. In preferable embodiments wherein each of first and second surfaces 14, 16 of the tooth and the first and second wall 26, 28 have substantially the same center of curvature 32 when the tooth 12 and socket 22 are engaged, it is also preferable that the centers of curvature 32 substantially align with the pivot axis area 30. Aligning the pivot axis area 30 with said centers of curvature 32 facilitates smooth engagement of the tooth and socket pairs 34.

(32) In preferable embodiments, both the first fastening member 10 and the second fastening member 20 are comprised of a flexible material. In some embodiments, only one is flexible. In some embodiments, the first and/or second fastening members may be inflexible but employ a plurality of hinges adjacent teeth 12 and adjacent sockets 22. Those skilled in the art will recognize the variety of possible embodiments and arrangements. Whatever material is used for the first and second fastening members, at least one of the teeth 12 or sockets 22 must be capable of rotational movement relative to the other.

(33) Referring to FIGS. 5A and 5B, in a preferable embodiment, both the first fastening member 10 and the second fastening member 20 are formed using a flexible woven on non-woven web-like material. Each fastening member employs a plurality of holes 36 through which the teeth 12 can pass. For example, in some preferable embodiments, the first fastening member 10 has a first opposing surface 40 and a second opposing surface 42 with a plurality of holes 36 therethrough. The plurality of teeth 12 may include a rigid base 18 that extends parallel to the first axis (X) and third axis (Y) and abuts and/or affixes to the first opposing surface 40 of the first fastening member 10. The teeth 12 extend through the holes 36 in the first fastening member 10 and protrude from the second opposing surface 42 opposite the rigid base 18, as depicted in FIGS. 1A and 5A.

(34) Referring to FIGS. 6A and 6B, the second fastening member 20 employs a plurality of holes 36. Like the first fastening member 10, the second fastening member 20 has a first opposing surface 44 and a second opposing surface 46 through which the holes 36 are disposed. Preferably, the sockets 22 abut and/or affix to the first opposing surface 44 of the second fastening member 20 and the socket recesses 24 are substantially aligned with the holes 36 in the second fastening member 20. Thus, the teeth 12 can pass through the holes 36 in the second fastening member 20 and into the socket recesses 24 when the tooth and socket pairs 34 are engaged, thereby engaging the second opposing surface 42 of the first fastening member 10 against the second opposing surface 46 of the second fastening member 20, effectively fastening the first and second fastening members together, as depicted in FIG. 1D. In particularly advantageous embodiments, a gasket or seal of some type may be disposed between the first and second fastening members, creating an airtight and/or watertight seal between the first and second fastening members when the tooth and socket pairs 34 are engaged. Those skilled in the art will recognize the advantages and potential for watertight applications of the present fastening device. Alternatively, an adhesive may be employed between the first and second fastening members, and/or on the surface of the teeth or socket walls, when a permanent engagement is desired.

(35) In the preferable embodiment of the fastening device depicted in FIG. 1A-D, the sockets 22 and teeth 12 (and the bases 18 of the teeth) are composed of rigid material such as plastic, metal etc. Accordingly, the portions of the otherwise flexible first and second fastening members affixed to the sockets 22 and rigid bases 18 are rendered inflexible. Preferably, the remaining portions of the first and second fastening members remain flexible, particular the portions in the pivot axis areas 30 between adjacent rows of teeth/sockets and the areas between adjacent columns. Gaps between bases 18 of adjacent teeth 12 are aligned with gaps between adjacent sockets 22 such that the area of flexibility of the first and second fastening members are aligned.

(36) Other embodiments may use rigid first and second fastening members employing hinges in the pivot axis areas 30. Whether flexible or inflexible material is used for the first and second fastening members, the technology requires relative rotational movement between the teeth 12 and sockets 22 about the pivot axis area 30 to engage and, in some embodiments, also disengage. The relative rotational movement is preferably accomplished using flexible materials or hinges on both the first and second fastening members, as depicted in FIGS. 1B and 10. However, as those skilled in the art will recognize, the necessary relative rotational movement may also be accomplished by employing flexible material or hinges on only one or the other of the first and second fastening members or by some combination of the same, such as a flexible first fastening member 10 and hinges on an otherwise rigid second fastening member 20.

(37) As depicted in FIG. 2, the tooth and socket pairs 34, 34, 34 are engaged sequentially in the engagement direction parallel to the first axis (X). The engagement of a tooth and socket pair 34 has the effect of limiting or preventing relative movement of the tooth and socket pair 34 immediately preceding the engaged tooth and socket pair 34 in the engagement direction. Using FIG. 2 as a reference, engagement of the second tooth and socket pair 34 (i.e., the center tooth and socket pair depicted) effectively locks the preceding first tooth and socket pair 34 (i.e., the left-most tooth and socket pair depicted) in the engaged state by preventing relative rotational movement of the first tooth 12 and socket 22. Particularly, the configuration of the first tooth 12 and socket recess 24 cooperate to preclude relative movement at least parallel to the first axis (X) or third axis (Y), and the engagement of the second tooth and socket pair 34 precludes any relative rotational movement. Accordingly, the first tooth and socket pair 34 depicted is effectively locked in the engaged state unless and until the second tooth and socket pair 34 is disengaged.

(38) The engagement of a tooth and socket pair 34 also has the effect of limiting the relative movement of the tooth and socket pair 34 immediately succeeding the engaged tooth and socket pair 34 in the engagement direction. Again using FIG. 2 as a reference, the engagement of the second tooth and socket pair 34 (center pair depicted) substantially limits the relative movement of the succeeding third tooth and socket pair 34 (i.e., the right-most pair depicted) in all manner other than the relative rotational movement necessary to engage the third tooth and socket pair 34. The limitation to the relative movement of the third tooth 12 and socket 22 is due to the limited length of the flexible portion of the first and second fastening members in the pivot axis area 30. Because the length of the first and second fastening members in the pivot axis area 30 parallel to the first axis (X) is significantly shorter than the length of the portion of the first and second fastening members affixed to the rigid teeth 12 and sockets 22, the third tooth 12 and socket 22 are substantially limited to one degree of freedom of relative movement, that being relative rotation about a pivot axis parallel to the second axis (Z) preferably passing through or between the first and second fastening members in the pivot axis area 30. A close-up of the pivot axis area is depicted in FIG. 2A.

(39) FIG. 2A also depicts the preferable location of the center of curvature for one or more of the curved portions of the first and second surfaces 14, 16 of the tooth and the first and second wall 26, 28 of socket 22. In preferable embodiments, during engagement all four features will share a common center of curvature 32. As depicted in FIG. 2A, the common center of curvature 32 is disposed within the pivot axis area 30 in preferable embodiments. In the preferable embodiment depicted in FIG. 2A, the center of curvature 32 is located adjacent to the end of the pivot axis area 30 closest to the associated tooth and socket pair 34. Those skilled in the art will recognize other arrangements that would satisfy the requirements of the present technology as well.

(40) Referring back to FIG. 2, in preferable embodiments wherein the first surface 14 and second surface 16 of the tooth 12 share a common center of curvature 32, the line labeled B-B is on the radius of curvature of such surfaces (or an extension thereof). In such embodiments, the cross-sectional thickness of the tooth, as measured along the line labeled B-B, is constant, at least for a portion of the length of the tooth. Accordingly, a center arc 38 of the tooth 12 can be identified with a center of curvature 32 at the same position as that of the first and second surfaces 14, 16 of the tooth 12 and with a radius of curvature halfway between the radii of curvature of first and second surfaces 14, 16.

(41) Furthermore, in preferable embodiments wherein the first surface 14 and second surface 16 of the tooth 12 share a common center of curvature 32, the shape of the cross-section of the tooth remains constant, at least over a portion of the length of the tooth, such that the tooth has the form of a solid of revolution over such portion. In such embodiments, a cross-sectional plane is defined by the radius of curvature of the first and second surfaces 14, 16 (i.e., along line B-B) and the second axis (Z), and the cross-section of the tooth defined by such a plane preferably has a constant shape along a substantial portion of the length of the tooth 12. In other words, in embodiments wherein the first and second surfaces 14 and 16 share a common center of curvature 32, the cross-section of the tooth 12 taken on such a cross-sectional plane will remain constant over at least a portion of the tooth's 12 length, and preferably over a substantial portion. The cross-sectional shape can take any number of shapes. FIG. 2B provides a list of several alternative cross-sectional shapes. The list is not intended to be limiting, as those skilled in the art will recognize that nearly any shape is possible while still accomplishing the objectives of the present technology.

(42) Likewise, in preferred embodiments the cross-sectional width and shape of the recess 24 is preferably constant over a substantial portion of the length of the recess 24 as measured or taken in the manner described above with respect to the corresponding dimensions of the tooth 12 such that the recess has the form of a volume of revolution over such portion. Specifically, the cross-sectional thickness of the recess, as measured along the line labeled B-B, can be constant, at least for a portion of the length of the recess. Also, a shape of a cross-section of the recess, taken on a plane defined by the radius of curvature of the first and second walls 26, 28 and the second axis (Z) (i.e., along line B-B) preferably has a constant shape along a substantial portion of the length of the recess 24. As with the tooth, the cross-section of the recess can take any number of shapes, such as those depicted in FIG. 2B, and other suitable shapes.

(43) Many alternatives are available for the cross-sectional shape of the teeth 12 (and associated socket 22), as depicted in FIG. 2B. The specific shape of each tooth 12 is less important so long as the tooth 12 and recess 24 are adapted to retain the first and second fastening members 10 and 20 abutting one another.

(44) Referring to FIG. 3, regardless of the cross-sectional shape of the teeth 12 and socket recesses 24, the present technology is effective for its intended purposes so long as the geometry of the teeth 12 and socket recesses 24 effectively limit the relative movement of the tooth 12 and socket 22 when in the engaged position. To that end, preferable arrangements and measurements are depicted in FIG. 3. While the arrangements and measurements depicted in FIG. 3 are preferable, those skilled in the art will understand that many variations are also possible.

(45) As noted, the cross-sectional thickness (t) of the tooth 12 taken parallel to a radius of curvature is constant over a substantial length of the tooth 12 in preferable embodiments wherein a substantial length of the tooth's first and second surfaces 14 and 16 are curved and share a common center of curvature 32. Similarly, the width (w) of the socket recess 24 measured parallel to a radius of curvature is constant over a substantial length of the recess in preferable embodiments wherein a substantial length of the first and second walls 26, 28 of the socket 22 are curved and share a common center of curvature 32. Also, a depth of the tooth 12 as measured parallel to the second axis (Z) can be substantially constant over a substantial length of the tooth and, similarly, a depth of the recess 24 as measured parallel to the second axis (Z) can be substantially constant over a substantial length of the recess.

(46) While it is preferable that the thickness (t) of the tooth and the width (w) of the recess are close to equal, practicably there is a small gap or clearance (c) on each side of the tooth 12 measured parallel to the radii of curvature of the tooth and recess, represented in FIG. 3 by measurements c.sub.1 and c.sub.2. Preferably, the distances c.sub.1 and c.sub.2 will not exceed 7.5 percent of the thickness (t) of the tooth 12, substantially limiting the relative movement of the tooth 12 and socket 22 in either the engagement or disengagement direction parallel to the first axis (X). Likewise, there can be a similar small gap/clearance between each side surface 15, 17 of the tooth 12 and the adjacent side wall 29 of the socket 22, measured parallel to the second axis (Z).

(47) Furthermore, at least some portion of the tooth 12 closely abutting the first wall 24 of the socket 22 has an overlap (o) of at least a part of the first wall 26 of the socket 22. The overlap o is greater than zero and is preferably at least 20 percent of the thickness (t) of the tooth 12. The overlap o substantially prevents relative separation movement of the tooth 12 and socket 22 parallel to the third axis (Y). The combination of the tight clearance c.sub.1 and c.sub.2 and the overlap o substantially limits the relative movement of the teeth 12 and sockets 22 parallel to the first (X) and third (Y) axes, and the similar tight gap/clearance between each side surface 15, 17 and the adjacent side wall 29 of the socket substantially limits relative movement parallel to the second axis (Z). The features, arrangements, and measurements depicted in FIG. 3 represent a preferable embodiment only, and the present technology is not limited thereby.

(48) FIG. 4A depicts a cross-sectional profile of one of the teeth 12 as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), separate and apart from the first fastening member 10. As depicted, the tooth 12 has a first surface 14 and a second surface 16, and in some preferable embodiments also employs a rigid base 18 extending horizontally along the first axis (X) and the second axis (Z). The tooth's rigid base 18 is preferably affixed to the first opposing surface 40 of the first fastening member 10.

(49) FIG. 4B depicts a cross-sectional profile of one of the sockets 22 as viewed parallel to the second axis (Z), separate and apart from the second fastening member 20. As depicted the socket 22 has an internal recess 24 defined at least in part by a first wall 26 and a second wall 28. In some embodiments, the recess 24 extends the entire height of the socket 22, creating a hole in an open top of the socket 22. However, preferably when the tooth is fully engaged with (and maximally received within) the socket, the distal end of the tooth (i.e., top or free end) is within the socket 22 and/or below or flush/co-planar with a top of the socket 22 so that pressure or force applied to the top of the socket does not tend to dislodge the tooth from the socket. In other embodiments, such as that depicted in FIG. 4C, the recess 24 is further defined by and terminates at a closed top 23 of the socket 22.

(50) FIG. 5A provides an isometric view of the first fastening member 10 showing the second opposing surface 42 of the first fastening member 10. As depicted, the plurality of teeth 12 protrude from the second opposing surface 42 of the first fastening member 10. The teeth 12 can be arranged in rows and columns adapted to sequentially engage with the plurality of sockets 22 affixed to the second fastening member.

(51) FIG. 5B provides an isometric view of the first fastening member showing the first opposing surface 40 of the first fastening member 10. As depicted, preferable embodiments of the present technology employ teeth 12 with rigid bases 18. The rigid bases 18 are preferably affixed to the first opposing surface 40 of the first fastening member 10. Thereby, as the first fastening member 10 is manipulated by the user, the plurality of teeth 12 move therewith. Each base 18 can have a partial pyramidal shape (i.e., a pyramidal frustum) which tapers away from the first opposing surface 40 of the first fastening member 10. More specifically, the base 18 can be a truncated square pyramid shape such that the base 18 has a trapezoidal profile or cross-section (as viewed parallel to the first axis (X) or second axis (Z)).

(52) FIG. 6A provides an isometric view of the second fastening member showing the first opposing surface 44 of the second fastening member 20. As depicted, the plurality of sockets 22 are preferably affixed to the first opposing surface 44 of the second fastening member 20 such that, when the second fastening member 20 is manipulated by the user, the plurality of sockets 22 move therewith. Each socket 22 can have an exterior with partial pyramidal shape (i.e., a pyramidal frustum) which tapers away from the first opposing surface 44 of the second fastening member 20. More specifically, the socket 22 can be a truncated square pyramid shape such that the exterior of the socket 22 has a trapezoidal profile or cross-section (as viewed parallel to the first axis or second axis (Z)).

(53) FIG. 6B provides an isometric view of the second fastening member showing the second opposing surface 46 of the second fastening member 20. As depicted, the second fastening member 20 is provided a plurality of holes 36. In preferable embodiments of the technology, the socket recesses 24 substantially align with the holes 36, as depicted, and the plurality of teeth 12 affixed to the first fastening member 10 pass through the holes 36 and into the socket recesses 24, thereby engaging with the sockets 22. Thus, when the tooth and socket pairs 34 are in the engaged state, the second opposing surface 42 of the first fastening member 10 and the second opposing surface 46 of the second fastening member 20 abut one another. In some embodiments, a gasket or seal, preferably a compressible elastomeric seal, may be disposed between the second opposing surface 42 of the first fastening member 10 and the second opposing surface 46 of the second fastening member 20, thereby creating an airtight and/or watertight application of the present technology.

(54) In each of FIGS. 5A, 5B, 6A, and 6B, the first and second fastening members employ several rows and several columns of teeth 12 and sockets 22, respectively. While a single tooth and socket pair 34 may be sufficient in some instances to hold the first and second fastening members togetherfor example if the tooth and socket pair is adapted to prevent disengagementit is preferable to employ a plurality of teeth 12 and sockets 22 arranged in at least one column. In such preferable embodiments, each tooth and socket pair 34 is locked in the engaged state upon engagement of the next sequential tooth and socket pair 34 following the first in the engagement direction. In some instances, it may also be advantageous to arrange the plurality of teeth 12 and sockets 22 in two or more columns, creating a plurality of rows of teeth 12 and sockets 22, as depicted in FIGS. 5A, 5B, 6A, and 6B. Employing two or more columns may help to facilitate engagement of the tooth and socket pairs 34, as engagement of a first row will substantially limit the relative movement of succeeding rows. In such arrangements, it is preferable that the number of rows exceeds the number of columns and that the tooth and socket pairs are arranged in a regularly spaced rectangular array, though other arrangements are equally possible. Where the tooth and socket pairs are arranged in a array having columns aligned in the engagement direction (i.e., parallel to the first axis (X)) and equally-spaced rows extending parallel to the second axis (Z), the tooth and socket pairs in each column will engage and disengage sequentially and the tooth and socket pairs in each row will engage and disengage substantially simultaneously.

(55) Referring to FIGS. 7A and 7B, it may be advantageous to employ a slider 50 to facilitate engagement of the tooth and socket pairs 34. FIG. 7 depicts a particularly advantageous embodiment of a slider 50 according to aspects of the present technology. As those of skill in the art will recognize, the slider 50 depicted in FIG. 7 is just one of several possible variations capable of helping to facilitate engagement of the tooth and socket pairs 34.

(56) In some embodiments, the slider 50 employs one or more first channels 52 adapted to sequentially receive each tooth 12. In embodiments wherein a single column of teeth 12 is employed, a slider 50 with a single first channel 52 is preferable, though a slider 50 with more than one first channel 52 may still be operable. The slider 50 may further employ one or more second channels 54 adapted to sequentially receive each socket 22. Again, in embodiments wherein a single column of sockets 22 is employed, a slider 50 with a single second channel 54 is preferable, though a slider 50 with more than one second channel 54 may still be operable. Where more than one first channel 52 and more than one second channel 54 are employed, it is preferable that the number of first channels 52 match the number of second channels 54. The slider 50 depicted in FIG. 7 employs three of each.

(57) The first and second channels 52 and 54 are adapted to align the respective teeth 12 and sockets 22 laterally, parallel to the second axis (Z), to facilitate engagement of the tooth and socket pairs 34. In some embodiments, the slider's one or more first channels 52 may also be adapted to sequentially contact opposed lateral edges of the base 18 of each tooth 12 and its one or more second channels 54 may be adapted to sequentially contact opposed lateral edges of the sockets. The one of more first channels 52 connect with the one or more second channels 54 at a position 56 within the body of the slider 50, whereat the teeth 12 are engaged with the sockets 22 to form tooth and socket pairs 34. In each case, the slider 50 is adapted to induce relative rotation of tooth and socket pairs about an associated pivot access to engage and optionally disengage the tooth and socket.

(58) While the present technology has been described with reference to particular embodiments and arrangements of parts, features, and the like, the present technology is not limited to these embodiments or arrangements. Indeed, many modifications and variations will be ascertainable to those of skill in the art, all of which are inferentially included in these teachings.