Jacket-stripping tool kits, methods of removing one or more external jacket layers, and blades

Abstract

One aspect of the invention provides a jacket-stripping tool including: a reference stop adapted and configured to contact an end of corrugated stainless steel tubing; and one or more cutting blades arranged substantially perpendicular to a central axis of the tool and adapted and configured to create one or more cuts through one or more external jacket layers of the corrugated stainless steel tubing. At least one of the one or more cutting blades is positioned relative to the reference stop such that the at least one of the one or more cutting blades is a multiple of a distance between adjacent corrugation valleys of the corrugated stainless steel tubing.

Claims

1. A jacket-stripping tool comprising: a body defining a substantially cylindrical internal chamber, wherein the body has a substantially hexagonal profile when in a closed position, wherein the substantially hexagonal profile includes a semicircular face that bears on the one or more external jacket layers of the corrugated stainless steel tubing; a reference stop dividing the substantially cylindrical internal chamber into a first tool end and a second tool end, the reference stop adapted and configured to contact an end of corrugated stainless steel tubing; and one or more cutting blades having a cutting edge arranged substantially perpendicular to a central axis of the tool and adapted and configured to create one or more cuts through one or more external jacket layers of the corrugated stainless steel tubing, wherein: at least one of the one or more cutting blades is positioned in each of the first tool end and the second tool end; and at least one of the one or more cutting edges is positioned relative to the reference stop such that a distance between the at least one of the one or more cutting edges is a multiple of a distance between adjacent corrugation valleys of the corrugated stainless steel tubing.

2. The tool of claim 1, wherein at least one of the one or more blades are positioned so that a body of the cutting blade is angled away from the reference stop.

3. The tool of claim 1, wherein the tool includes two halves.

4. The tool of claim 3, wherein at least one of the one or more cutting blades is included on each of the two halves.

5. The tool of claim 3, wherein the halves are coupled by a hinge.

6. The tool of claim 5, wherein the hinge is a living hinge.

7. The tool of claim 1, wherein at least one of the one or more cutting blades includes a substantially flat surface between two facets.

8. A kit comprising: the tool of claim 1; and instructions to: cut a length of corrugated stainless steel tubing at a corrugation valley; place the tool over an end of the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing so that the end of the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing contacts the reference stop of the tool; compress and rotate the tool to cut through one or more jacket layers of the length of the corrugated stainless steel tubing; and pull the tool axially toward the end of the length of the corrugated stainless steel tubing to remove the one or more jacket layers.

9. The kit of claim 8, wherein the instructions further include a step of: partially expanding the tool prior to the pulling step.

10. A method of removing one or more external jacket layers from corrugated stainless steel tubing, the method comprising: providing the tool of claim 1; placing a length of corrugated stainless steel tubing in the tool of claim 1 such that the one or more cutting blades contact an outermost jacket layer of the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing; rotating the tool with respect to the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing; placing the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing in the tool such that the one or more internal annular ribs penetrate the one or more cuts; and pulling the tool axially to remove the one or more external jacket layers.

11. A jacket-stripping tool comprising: a body defining a substantially cylindrical internal chamber, wherein the body has a significantly hexagonal profile when in a closed position, wherein the substantially hexagonal profile includes a semicircular face that bears on the one or more external jacket layers of the corrugated stainless steel tubing; a reference stop dividing the substantially cylindrical internal chamber into a first tool end and a second tool end, the reference stop adapted and configured to contact an end of a length of corrugated stainless steel tubing; a first set of one or more cutting blades, at least one of which has a first cutting edge that is: arranged substantially perpendicular to a central axis of the tool in the first tool end; positioned relative to the reference stop such that the first set cutting edge is a multiple of a distance between adjacent corrugation valleys of the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing; and protruding from the body into the chamber such that when the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing cut at an end coinciding with a corrugation valley is inserted in the first tool end and the body is compressed around the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing and rotated, the at least one of the first set of one or more cutting blades cuts through all jacket layers of the length of tubing at another corrugation valley; and a second set of one or more cutting blades having a second cutting edge arranged substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the tool in the second tool end, the second cutting edge comprising a substantially flat surface between two facets.

12. The tool of claim 11, wherein the second set of cutting blades protrude from the body into the chamber such that when the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing is inserted into the second tool end and the body is compressed around the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing and rotated, the at least one of the second set of one or more cutting blades cuts through an outer jacket layer, but does not cut through an intermediate conductive layer.

13. The tool of claim 11, wherein the tool includes two halves.

14. The tool of claim 13, wherein the halves are coupled by a hinge.

15. A jacket-stripping tool comprising: a body defining a substantially cylindrical internal chamber, wherein the body has a significantly hexagonal profile when in a closed position, wherein the substantially hexagonal profile includes a semicircular face that bears on the one or more external jacket layers of the corrugated stainless steel tubing; a reference stop dividing the substantially cylindrical internal chamber to form a first tool end and a second tool end, the reference stop adapted and configured to contact an end of a length of corrugated stainless steel tubing; a first set of one or more cutting blades, at least one of which has a first cutting edge that is: arranged substantially perpendicular to a central axis of the tool in the first tool end; positioned relative to the reference stop such that the first cutting edge is a multiple of a distance between adjacent corrugation valleys of the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing; and protruding from the body into the chamber such that when the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing cut at an end coinciding with a corrugation valley is inserted in the first tool end and the body is compressed around the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing and rotated, the first set of one or more cutting blades cuts through all jacket layers of the length of tubing at another corrugation valley; and a second set of one or more cutting blades having a second cutting edge arranged substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the tool in the second tool end, the second cutting edge protruding from the body into the chamber at a radially outward depth relative to the first set of cutting blades such that when the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing is inserted into the second tool end and the body is compressed around the length of corrugated stainless steel tubing and rotated, the second cutting edge cuts through an outer jacket layer, but does not cut through an intermediate conductive layer.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) For a fuller understanding of the nature and desired objects of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing figures wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts throughout the several views and wherein:

(2) FIGS. 1A and 1B depict a multi-layer jacketed tube in accordance with the prior art.

(3) FIGS. 2A-2D depict an energy dissipative tube in accordance with the prior art.

(4) FIGS. 3A-3C depict embodiments of a sealing device and tubing assembly in accordance with preferred embodiments of the invention.

(5) FIG. 4 depicts a method for installing energy dissipative tubing in accordance with preferred embodiments of the invention.

(6) FIGS. 5A-5D depict embodiments of a jacket-removing tool in accordance with preferred embodiments of the invention.

(7) FIG. 6 depicts a method of removing one or more external jacket layers from tubing or wire in accordance with preferred embodiments of the invention.

(8) FIG. 7 depicts a blade holder that holds blades at a defined depth in accordance with preferred embodiments of the invention.

(9) FIGS. 8A-8G depict a further jacket-removing tool incorporating one or more blade holders in accordance with preferred embodiments of the invention.

(10) FIGS. 9A-9C depict another jacket-removing tool in accordance with preferred embodiments of the invention.

(11) FIG. 10 depicts the angling of blades with respect to the central axis of the tubing in accordance with preferred embodiments of the invention.

(12) FIGS. 11A-11C depict a blade having a substantially flat surface between two facets in accordance with preferred embodiments of the invention.

DEFINITIONS

(13) The instant invention is most clearly understood with reference to the following definitions:

(14) As used herein, the singular form a, an, and the include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

(15) Unless specifically stated or obvious from context, as used herein, the term about is understood as within a range of normal tolerance in the art, for example within 2 standard deviations of the mean. About can be understood as within 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0.05%, or 0.01% of the stated value. Unless otherwise clear from context, all numerical values provided herein are modified by the term about.

(16) As used herein, the term alloy refers to a homogenous mixture or metallic solid solution composed of two or more elements. Examples of alloys include austenitic nickel-chromium-based superalloys, brass, bronze, steel, low carbon steel, phosphor bronze, stainless steel, and the like.

(17) As used in the specification and claims, the terms comprises, comprising, containing, having, and the like can have the meaning ascribed to them in U.S. patent law and can mean includes, including, and the like.

(18) As used herein, the terms corrugated stainless steel tubing and CSST refer to any type of semi-flexible tubing or piping that can accommodate corrosive or aggressive gases or liquids. In some embodiments, CSST is designed and/or approved for conveyance of fuel gases such as natural gas, methane, propane, and the like. For example, CSST can comply with a standard such as the ANSI LC 1-2005/CSA 6.26-2005 Standard for Fuel Gas Piping Systems Using Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing. The inventions described herein can be utilized in conjunction with all commercially available CSST products including, but not limited to CSST sold under the GASTITE and FLASHSHIELD brands by Titeflex Corporation of Portland, Tenn.; TRACPIPE and COUNTERSTRIKE brands by OmegaFlex, Inc. of Exton, Pa.; WARDFLEX brand by Ward Manufacturing of Blossburg, Pa.; PRO-FLEX by Tru-Flex Metal Hose Corp. of Hillsboro, Ind.; and DIAMONDBACK brand by Metal Fab, Inc. of Wichita, Kans.

(19) Unless specifically stated or obvious from context, the term or, as used herein, is understood to be inclusive.

(20) As used herein, the term metal refers to any chemical element that is a good conductor of electricity and/or heat. Examples of metals include, but are not limited to, aluminum, cadmium, niobium (also known as columbium), copper, gold, iron, nickel, platinum, silver, tantalum, titanium, zinc, zirconium, and the like.

(21) As used herein, the term resin refers to any synthetic or naturally occurring polymer.

(22) Ranges provided herein are understood to be shorthand for all of the values within the range. For example, a range of 1 to 50 is understood to include any number, combination of numbers, or sub-range from the group consisting 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, or 50 (as well as fractions thereof unless the context clearly dictates otherwise).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(23) Corrugated Tubing

(24) Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B, a length of corrugated tubing 102 according to the prior art is provided. The corrugated tubing 102 can be composed of stainless steel or any other suitable material. The tubing 102 contains a number of corrugation peaks 104 and corrugation valleys 106, which have a substantially uniform geometry and spacing. For example, the distance d.sub.v between adjacent corrugation valleys 106 (as measured from the inflection point in each valley) will be substantially uniform within particular type of tubing 102. A jacket 108 (e.g., a multi-layer jacket) covers the outside of the tubing 102.

(25) The jacket 108 can include a plurality of layers 110, 112. The layers 110, 112 generally form an annulus around the tubing 102, but may have a circular or non-circular cross-section.

(26) Energy Dissipative Tubing

(27) Referring now to FIGS. 2A-2D, in order to better absorb energy from fault currents and lightning strikes, energy dissipative jackets are provided that dissipate electrical and thermal energy throughout the respective jackets, thereby protecting the tubing 202. The term dissipate encompasses distributing electrical energy to an appropriate grounding device such as a fitting.

(28) Energy dissipative tubing is described briefly below and is further described in U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos. 2011/0041944 and 2013/0192708.

(29) Preferred embodiments of energy dissipative jackets preferably include one or more conductive layers for distributing electricity and heat. The conductive layers can include, for example, conductive resins and/or metals as discussed herein.

(30) One embodiment of energy dissipative tubing 200 is depicted in FIGS. 2A-2D. The energy dissipative tubing 200 includes a length of tubing 202. The tubing 202 can be metal tubing, thin-walled metal tubing, corrugated tubing, corrugated stainless steel tubing, or the like.

(31) Tubing 202 is surrounded by a first resin layer 204, a metal layer 206, and a second resin layer 208. Resin layers 204, 208 can be formed from insulative and/or conductive resins.

(32) Insulating resin layers can be formed from a variety of materials. In some embodiments, an insulating elastic layer includes polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Other suitable insulators include polyolefin compounds, thermoplastic polymers, thermoset polymers, polymer compounds, polyethylene, crosslinked polyethylene, UV-resistant polyethylene, ethylene-propylene rubber, silicone rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber.

(33) In some embodiments, each resin layer 204, 208 has a thickness of about 0.015 to about 0.035.

(34) Metal layer 206 can include one or more metals (e.g., ductile metals) and alloys thereof. The metal(s) can be formed into foils, perforated foils, tapes, perforated tapes, cables, wires, strands, meshes, braids, and the like.

(35) In some embodiments, the metal layer 206 is an expanded metal foil as further described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0041944. An exemplary embodiment of energy dissipative tubing 200 with expanded metal foil is depicted in FIG. 2.

(36) In some embodiments, the metal layer 206 completely surrounds the first resin layer 204. In such embodiments, the metal may overlap and/or be welded or soldered in some regions. In still other embodiments, the metal layer 206 can be wrapped spirally or helically around the first resin layer 204. In such an embodiment, the metal layer 206 can overlap or substantially surround the first resin layer 204

(37) In some embodiments, the metal layer 206 is a conventional, non-expanded metal foil, such as aluminum or copper foil that can, in some embodiments, completely envelop the inner resin layer 206.

(38) Various thicknesses of the resin layers 204, 208 and the metal layer 206 can be selected to achieve desired resistance to lightning strikes and physical damage while maintaining desired levels of flexibility.

(39) Sealing Devices

(40) Referring now to FIG. 3A, an exploded view of a sealing device 300 is provided. This sealing device is further described in International Application No. PCT/US2014/035452, filed Apr. 25, 2014. The sealing device 300 allows for the sealing and coupling of an end of tubing (not depicted) to a pipe, a manifold, an appliance, and the like (not depicted). For example, after body member 302 is threaded onto a manifold (not depicted), tubing 200 and bushing 304 can be placed inside the a sleeve portion of the body member 302 and sealed by advancing a nut 306 as further discussed below.

(41) Although the assembly 300 can be used with a variety of types of CSST, the bushing 304 is particularly advantageous when used with energy dissipative tubing having one or more conductive layers.

(42) Referring now to FIGS. 3B and 3C, partial cross-sections of the assembly 300 are provided to show the internal structure of bushing 304. Bushing 304 includes a first annular rib 308 adapted and configured to engage with corrugation valley 106 of the corrugated tubing 202.

(43) In one embodiment, the first annular rib 308 engages the first corrugation valley 106 of the tubing to facilitate the sealing of the tubing 202 against the body member 302. As the nut 306 is advanced, the first annular rib 308 of the bushing 304 presses the tubing 202 against the sealing face of the body member 302, causing the first corrugation peak 104 to collapse and form a gastight seal.

(44) Bushing 304 also includes a second annular rib 310. Second annular rib 310 is adapted and configured to press against and form electrical continuity with conductive layer 206 so that any electricity received in the conductive layer 206 will flow through the second annular rib 310 and bushing 304. In order to facilitate as large of a contact area as possible between the conductive layer 206 and the second annular rib 310, second annular rib 310 has a rounded, substantially non-piercing profile. Preferably, second annular rib 310 is positioned along bushing 304 with respect to the first annular rib 308 such that when the first annular rib 308 engages with a corrugation valley 106, the second annular rib 310 will also be positioned over another corrugation valley 106 so that the second annular rib 310 can press the conductive layer 206 (and any layers 204 below) into the corrugation valley 106 and create further contact between the second annular rib 310 and the conductive layer 206.

(45) Preferably, second annular rib 310 can be located over the third corrugation valley 106 of the tubing (as seen in FIG. 3D), but may also be located at the second or fourth corrugation valley 106. Locating second annular rib 310 over a corrugation valley 106 is favorable so as to prevent any direct contact with layers 204 or 206 and the corrugated tubing 202 beneath when the bushing 304 is assembled onto the tubing. Direct contact between these layers 204, 206 and the tubing 202 due to the compression from bushing 304 may result in undesired mechanical interference that leads to difficult assembly or decreased performance or longevity.

(46) Bushing 304 can include one or more through-holes 313a, 313b passing through bushing 304 at the location of (e.g., centered on) the second annular rib 310. Through-holes 313 prevent or relieve bunching of the conductive layer 206 and the first resin layer 204 when the bushing 304 is applied to the tubing 200.

(47) Bushing 304 can also include a third annular rib 312 adapted and configured to press against an outer jacket 208 to prevent outer jacket 208 from withdrawing from the fitting 300 and to prevent foreign objects or substances from entering fitting 300. Like second annular rib 310, third annular rib 312 can be positioned with respect to the first annular rib 308 such that the third annular rib 312 presses the jacket 208 and any jacket layers below into a corrugation groove 106.

(48) Referring again to FIG. 3A, bushing 304 can, in some embodiments, be a split bushing. For example, bushing 306 can include two halves connected by a living hinge. A living hinge allows the bushing to open to allow halves 314a, 314b to slide over one or more corrugation peaks 104 before resting in a corrugation groove 106 and allowing the bushing 304 to return to a substantially circular profile for engagement with body member 302. In other embodiments, the bushing 304 is a two-piece split bushing such that each half of the split bushing is individually positioned on the tubing prior to insertion into the sleeve portion 316 of the body member 302.

(49) Methods of Installing Tubing

(50) Tubing can be installed in accordance with existing techniques for the manufacture of CSST. An exemplary method 400 for installing energy dissipative tubing is depicted in FIG. 4.

(51) In step S402, a length of tubing is provided. Tubing can, in some embodiments, be CSST such as unjacketed CSST, jacketed CSST, and energy-dissipative tubing. Tubing may be provided in lengths (e.g., 8 sticks) or on reels.

(52) In step S404, one or more jacket layers are optionally removed in accordance with the instructions for a fitting. The one or more layers can be removed a jacket-stripping tool as described herein. Preferably, all jacket layers are removed from a leading end of the tubing. For example, all jacket layers can be removed to expose at least the first two corrugation peaks. Additionally, one or more outer jacket layers can be further removed to expose the conductive layer in a region corresponding to the second annular rib.

(53) In step S406, a sealing device is provided including a body member defining a sleeve portion and a bushing as described herein.

(54) In step S408, the sealing device is optionally coupled to another device. For example, the sealing device can be coupled to a source of a fuel gas such as a pipe, a manifold, a meter, a gas main, a tank, and the like. In another example, the sealing device can be coupled to an appliance that consumes a fuel gas such as a stove, an oven, a grill, a furnace, a clothes dryer, a fire place, a generator, and the like.

(55) In step S410, the bushing is placed over the inner tubing layer. The bushing can be positioned such that the first annular rib engages with a first complete corrugation groove, the second annular rib engages with a conductive layer, and a third annular rib engages with an outer jacket layer.

(56) In step S412, a nut is advanced to form a seal. The nut can be advanced by rotating the nut to engage threads in the sleeve portion of the body member.

(57) In step S414, the nut is optionally tightened until a torque-limiting portion of the nut is activated. For example, a portion of the nut may shear off when a predetermined amount of torque is applied to the nut.

(58) Jacket-Removing Tools

(59) Referring now to FIG. 5, a jacket-removing tool 500 is provided. Jacket-removing tool 500 can include a body 502 defining two semicircular halves 504a, 504b that can be coupled by a hinge 506. Body 502 can include one or more slits 508 that can receive one or more cutting blades 510. Blades 510 can be arranged substantially perpendicular to a central axis of the tool 500 and adapted and configured to create one or more cuts through one or more external jacket layers of tubing or wire inserted within tool 500. Body 502 can also include one or more annular ribs 512. The annular ribs 512 can be adapted and configured to be received in the one or more cuts and to remove the one or more jacket layers cut by the one or more cutting blades when the tool 500 is pulled axially with respect to the tubing or wire.

(60) Hinge 506 can be a living hinge or can be a barrel hinge, a continuous or piano hinge, and the like. The use of a living hinge advantageously allows body 502 to molded as a single unit as depicted most clearly in FIG. 5B.

(61) Slits 508 can extend partially through body 502 such that blades 510 will generally be held at a tangent and at a defined distance with respect to tubing or wire placed within tool 500.

(62) The cutting blades 510 and the internal annular ribs 512 can be positioned on substantially opposite ends of tool 500. In some embodiments, a divider 514 is positioned between the cutting blades 510 and the internal annular ribs 512. Divider 514 can advantageously provide a reference stop to guide the user to properly position tubing or wire within either end of the tool 500. For example, when the tubing is corrugated stainless steel tubing, it may be desirable to cut certain jacket layers at various positions relative to corrugation peaks 104 and valleys 106. The relative positioning of cutting blades 510 and internal annular ribs 512 with respect to divider 514 can be coordinated so that the cutting blades 510 and the internal annular ribs 512 are positioned at substantially the same distance from an exterior surface of the divider 514 so that when the tubing or wire is fully inserted, the internal annular ribs 512 will align with the cuts previously made by the cutting blades 510.

(63) Cutting blades 510 can advantageously be commercially-available disposable blades commonly known as razor blades or utility blades and available from a variety of manufacturers including Stanley Black & Decker of New Britain, Conn.; IRWIN Industrial Tool Company of Atlanta, Ga.; and the like.

(64) Cutting blades 510 can be removably mounted in the one or more slits 508 through a variety of means. In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 5, covers 516a, 516b are removably placed over blades 510 to hold blades 510 in place. Covers 516a, 516b can be removably held in place by tabs 518 or other devices. In other embodiments, blades 510 and/or covers 516 can be held in place by straps, detents, latches, screws, bolts, pins, fasteners, adhesives, magnets, and the like.

(65) Internal annular ribs 512 can, in some embodiments, be tapered or beveled in order to better penetrate the cuts in the jacket formed by the cutting blades 510.

(66) Tool 500 can be configured either by the designer or by the end user to accommodate various tubing, wire, and/or fittings. For example, when used in conjunction with the tubing 200 depicted in FIGS. 2A-2D and the fitting 300 depicted in FIGS. 3A-3E, four cutting blades 510 can be utilized with two blades 510 being positioned on each half 502. The cutting blades 510 can be positioned at varying depths on each half 502 so that a first pair of cutting blades 510 will only penetrate outer layer 208 while a second pair of cutting blades 510 will penetrate through all jacket layers 204, 206, 208. As can be seen in FIG. 5A, in some embodiments, the inner diameter of tool 200 around the blades varies such that the inner diameter is larger nearest to divider 514. This larger diameter provides clearance for jacketing that may be been wrinkled or damaged at the end of the tubing when it was cut to length. The smaller inner diameter of tool 200 around the blades is used to set the depth for cutting blades 510 by providing a stop against the outer diameter of the outermost jacket. This is advantageous for cutting of the outer layer 208 in that the depth of the blade can be accurately placed using only the thickness dimension of the outer jacket. This prevents tolerance stack up from the dimensions of the tubing and jackets that may occur if the blade depth were set according only to the outer diameter of the tubing 200. To accomplish this, when tool 500 is completely closed onto tubing 200, hinge 506 typically has a remaining 1-5 degrees of travel to accommodate tubing that is undersized and to ensure that the small inner diameter of tool 500 is in contact with the outer diameter of tubing 200.

(67) When used in conjunction with tubing having a single-layered jacket, one or two cutting blades 510 can be sufficient.

(68) Tool 500 can be produced in various sizes to accommodate tubing and wire of various sizes. For example, tool 500 can be sized to accommodate various sizes of corrugated stainless steel tubing including nominal sizes of , , , 1, 1, 1, and 2. Additionally, although tool 500 has been described in the context of corrugated stainless steel tubing, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that tool 500 can be used in conjunction with multi-layer tubing and jacketed wiring including, for example, coaxial cable such as RG-59 cable.

(69) As discussed herein, tool 500 can economically be formed through plastic molding techniques. For example, tool 500 can be fabricated from various plastics such as thermoplastics (e.g., acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride) or thermosetting plastics. Tool 500 can also be formed from metals and other materials using known techniques such as casting, molding, machining, and the like.

(70) Methods of Removing Jacket Layers

(71) Referring now to FIG. 6, a method 600 of removing one or more external jacket layers from tubing or wire is provided.

(72) In step S602, a length of tubing or wire is placed in the tool as described herein such that the one or more cutting blades contact an outermost jacket layer of the length of tubing or wire. The length of tubing or wire can be inserted until the length of tubing or wire contacts a divider as discussed above.

(73) In step S604, pressure is applied to the outside of the tool and the tool is rotated with respect to the length of the tubing or wire. Light hand pressure and multiple rotations in alternating directions is preferable to ensure a clean cut through each layer. Depending on how many cutting blades are used, it may not be necessary to rotate the tool for a complete revolution. For example, if a pair of corresponding blades are utilized, rotating the tool about 200 will be sufficient to completely cut through one or more jacket layers. If necessary, a wrench or pliers (e.g., locking pliers sold under the VISE-GRIP trademark by IRWIN Industrial Tool Company of Atlanta, Ga.) can be utilized to provide additional compression and/or torque.

(74) In step S606, the length of tubing or wire is placed in the tool such that the one or more internal annular ribs penetrate the one or more cuts.

(75) In step S608, the tool is pulled axially to remove the one or more external jacket layers.

(76) Blade Holder

(77) Referring now to FIG. 7, another embodiment of the invention provides a blade holder 720 that holds blades 510 at a defined depth. Blade holders 720 advantageously resist wear from the blades and protect body 502 from wear that can, over time, result in blades 510 cutting deeper into jacket layers. Such approach advantageously enables long-term consistent use of commercially available blades 510. Alternatively, blade 510 could be produced with a dull edge in the regions that are in contact with the body 502.

(78) Blade holder 720 can include one or more flanges 722a, 722b adapted and configured to contact the cutting edge of the blade 510. Flanges 722 can be sized to fit within a groove formed within body 502. For example, flanges 722 can extend about 0.04 from the surface 724 that is substantially parallel to the blade 510. Blade holder 720 can also include one or more additional flanges 726 adapted and configured to hold the blade holder 720 in a defined position relative to body 502.

(79) Blade holder 720 can preferably be fabricated from or coated with a material having about the same or greater hardness than blades 510 (which are typically made from stainless steel).

(80) Further Jacket-Removing Tools

(81) Referring now to FIGS. 8A-8G, another embodiment of the invention provides further jacket-removing tools 800 incorporating one or more blade holders 820.

(82) Body 802 can be fabricated from a plastic such as polypropylene in a single molding that defines halves 804a, 804b, and living hinge 806. Covers 816a, 816b can also be fabricated from a plastic such as ABS.

(83) The blade holders 820 can be designed to slip into a pocket and retain themselves there permanently. In some embodiments such as those depicted in FIGS. 8A-8E, blade holders 820 are only used on the end of the tool 802 used for cutting only the outer resin layer of the tubing. Although blade holders 820 can be used on both ends of the tool, the blade holders 820 are particularly useful in preventing overcutting the outer resin layer and damaging the metal layer, which is often a relatively thin layer of aluminum foil. Overcutting can be better tolerated when cutting through all jacket layers to reveal the underlying CSST.

(84) Four blades 810 can be utilized, with two blades on each end of the tool positioned opposite each other in each half 804a, 804b. The blades 810 are replaceable by removing the covers 816.

(85) Pressure exerted by the user pushes the covers 816 against the blades 810, the blades 810 against the blade holders 820, and the blade holder 820 against the body 802. This sets the depth of the blade 810 from the face of body halves 504, which rides along the outside of the tube.

(86) The tool 800 can be assembled using two molded tabs 818 per cover and a blade storage area 832 can be provided under the covers 816 as depicted in FIGS. 8F and 8G.

(87) Two blades 810 on a first end 828 of the tool 800 cut through and strip all coatings and two blades on the opposite, second end 830 of the tool 800 cut through and strip the outer layer only. Preferably, the blades 810 on the first end 828 are spaced from a divider 814 such that when the tubing contacts the divider 814, the blades 810 will be positioned over a corrugation valley 106. Such a positioning allows for the blades 810 to penetrate through all jacket layers and into the corrugation valley 106 without contacting the underlying corrugated stainless steel tubing, which could dull blades. Blades 810 can be predictably and repeatedly positioned over corrugation valleys 106 by designing tool 800 so that the distance between the contact surface of the divider 814 and the blades 810 is or approximates (e.g., within about 10%) a multiple (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and the like) of a distance d.sub.v between adjacent corrugation valleys 106 of the corrugated stainless steel tubing.

(88) Although the valley-to-valley distance d.sub.v may vary between manufacturers and products, the valley-to-valley distance d.sub.v is reliably stable because each manufacturer's fittings engage one or more corrugations in order to form a seal. Moreover, CSST is conventionally cut using a plumber's tubing cutter at a corrugation valley, which the tubing cutter will seek as it rotates and the cutting wheels are tightened. CSST brands specifying the use of a tubing cutter at a corrugation valley include the GASTITE and FLASHSHIELD brands by Titeflex Corporation of Portland, Tenn.; TRACPIPE and COUNTERSTRIKE brands by OmegaFlex, Inc. of Exton, Pa.; and DIAMONDBACK brand by Metal Fab, Inc. of Wichita, Kans.

(89) Accordingly, it is envisioned that tool 800 (as well as tools 500 and 900 described herein) can be designed for a particular manufacturer, product, and/or size. For example, a particular embodiment of tool 800 can be designed and marketed for use with GASTITE FLASHSHIELD 1 tubing. Embodiments of tool 800 can be marketed and sold as part of a system including compatible tubing and fittings. In one embodiment, tool 800 can be marketed and sold as part of a kit that also includes instructions for use of the tool to remove one or more jacket layers from a compatible length of tubing. The instructions can specify which tubing is compatible (e.g., by brand, size, model number, and the like) and/or which tubing is not compatible.

(90) Plastic ribs can be omitted and the blades 810 can be utilized to pull the desired jacket layers off the end of the tube after cutting.

(91) Referring now to FIGS. 9A-9C, another aspect of the invention provides another jacket-removing tool 900. Tool 900 can be a single-piece, injection-molded plastic (e.g., polyethylene) tool that has four non-removable blades molded into the body. By reducing the number of parts to be molded and eliminating assembly, the tool is less expensive and less complicated. The tool 900 can have a substantially hexagonal profile when closed on the tubing with the exception of a small semicircular face 934 that bears on the tubing. (This geometry can also be applied to the other tools 500, 800 described herein.) When compared with an entirely circular profile, such a profile ensures that anomalies affecting the outer shape of the tubing 200 in areas not proximal to the blades 910 do not substantially change the depth of the blade 910 while the blades 910 are in the cut. The small semicircular surface 934 also provides a loading bearing area to distribute the clamping force exerted on the tool 900, thereby reducing deformation of the outer jacket 208 that can be caused when a flat surface is pressed against the tangent outer diameter of the tubing 200. One knowledgeable in the art can configure the area based on the elastic modulus of the jacketing material and the expected clamping force. For typical hand loading, this area can be between about 0.05 in.sup.2 and about 0.25 in.sup.2.

(92) As with tool 800, tool 900 utilizes two blades on one end of the tool 900 to cut through and strip all coatings and two blades on the opposite end of the tool 900 to cut through and strip the outer layer only. Tool 900 can include a latch 936 that can either keep the tool 900 closed for storage (thereby shielding the user from the cutting edges of the blades 810) or snap to the side of the tool 900 when the tool 900 is in use.

(93) Preferably, tools 500, 800, 900 permit a user to compress the tool 500, 800, 900, rotate the tool 500, 800, 900 to cut the one or more jacket layers, and pull the tool 500, 800, 900 axially to remove the one or more jacket layers from the tubing end. In some embodiments, tool 500, 800, 900 can be made thicker to provide additional torque. Additionally or alternatively, various geometries, coatings, overmoldings, knurlings, and/or contours can be applied to the exterior of the tools 500, 800, 900 in order to enhance the user's comfort, grip, and the like.

(94) In some embodiments, tools 500, 800, 900 can include a spring adapted and configured to open tools 500, 800, 900 to an axially-pulling position in which the blades 810 still engage jacket layers, but lie outside the outer diameter of the underlying corrugated stainless steel tubing. Such an embodiment allows for one-handed operation without manually adjusting of the tool 500, 800, 900. The user can simply apply the tool 500, 800, 900, squeeze the tool 500, 800, 900 to press the blades into the jacket, rotate the tool 500, 800, 900, reduce pressure on the tool 500, 800, 900, and pull the tool 500, 800, 900 axially.

(95) Blade Placement

(96) As depicted herein, blades 510, 810, 910 can be held substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the tubing. In some embodiments, the tools 500, 800, 900 and/or blade holders 720, 820 can be adapted and configured to hold the blades 510, 810, 910 at an angle with respect to the central axis 1002 of the tubing 202 as depicted in FIG. 10. Such angling would bite into the jacket layers to be removed when the tool 500, 800, 900 is pulled axially toward the end of the tubing 200. Additionally, such angling should lessen the potential of the blades 510, 810, 910 to flex when used to pull the jacket layer. Suitable angles can range from about 45 to about 89.9 with respect to the central axis of the tool/tubing. For example, the blades 510, 810, 910 can be positioned at angles with respect to the central axis of the tool/tubing of between about 45 and about 50, between about 50 and about 55, between about 55 and about 60, between about 60 and about 65, between about 65 and about 70, between about 70 and about 75, between about 75 and about 80, between about 80 and about 85, between about 85 and about 86, between about 86 and about 87, between about 87 and about 88, between about 88 and about 89, between about 89 and about 89.9, and the like.

(97) Use of Dull Blades

(98) Embodiments of the tools 500, 800, 900 can utilize blades 510, 810, 910 that have a dull edge instead of a sharp edge along the length of the blade 510, 810, 910. Such blades are particularly well suited to cut entirely through the outer resin layer 208 and rub against the aluminum foil 206 without cutting the foil 206. For example, if the outer jacket thickness is 0.025+/0.002, the tools 500, 800, 900 can be designed for the blades 510, 810, 910 to cut to 0.027 deep without harming the foil.

(99) FIG. 11 depicts an exemplary geometry of a dull blade 1110. Facets 1138a, 1138b can be ground on each side of the blade 1110. Facets 1138 can be formed at a variety of angles with respect to each other. For example, the angle can be between about 10 and about 11, between about 11 and about 12, between about 12 and about 13, between about 13 and about 14, between about 14 and about 15, between about 15 and about 16, between about 16 and about 17, between about 17 and about 18, between about 18 and about 19, between about 19 and about 20, and the like.

(100) Blade 1110 can also include a flat surface 1140 instead of the usual point where facets 1138 would meet. In one embodiment, flat surface 1140 has a cross-sectional width of between about 0.001 and about 0.006. Flat surface 1140 can be formed by grinding after facets 1138 are ground. Alternatively, facets 1138 can be ground to a shallower depth, thereby leaving a flat surface 1140 between the facets 1138.

(101) While the blades 510, 810, 910 should still be held to a predefined depth, use of a dull blade does allow for a looser tolerance on the depth of the blades 510, 810, 910 and could be easier to manufacture.

EQUIVALENTS

(102) Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described using specific terms, such description is for illustrative purposes only, and it is to be understood that changes and variations may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the following claims.

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

(103) The entire contents of all patents, published patent applications, and other references cited herein are hereby expressly incorporated herein in their entireties by reference.