Sprue structure for low-pressure casting device and low-pressure casting device having said sprue

Abstract

A sprue for a low-pressure casting device includes a stalk connection part to be connected to a stalk, a molten metal reservoir and a cavity connection part to be connected to the cavity. The shape of the molten metal reservoir is such that the perimeter of the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of molten metal gradually increases toward the cavity connection part while the area of the cross section remains constant.

Claims

1. A sprue structure that is used for a low-pressure casting device to communicate a stalk with a cavity of a mold, the sprue structure comprising: a stalk connection part configured to be connected to the stalk of the low-pressure casting device; a molten metal reservoir; and a cavity connection part configured to be connected to the cavity, wherein a shape of the molten metal reservoir is such that the molten metal reservoir has a circular cross section at a connection to the stalk connection part and a non-circular cross section at a connection to the cavity connection part such that a perimeter of each cross section of the molten metal reservoir perpendicular to a flow direction of molten metal gradually changes from the circular cross section at the connection to the stalk connection part to the non-circular cross section at the connection to the cavity connection part while an area of each cross section remains constant.

2. The sprue structure for a low-pressure casting device according to claim 1, wherein the stalk connection part has a circular cross section.

3. The sprue structure for a low-pressure casting device according to claim 1, further comprising a heater configured to heat the molten metal reservoir.

4. A low-pressure casting device, comprising: a holding furnace configured to hold molten metal; a stalk with a lower end configured to be dipped in the molten metal in the holding furnace; a sprue communicating the stalk to a cavity of a mold; and a pressure controller configured to control a pressure in the holding furnace, wherein the sprue comprises: a stalk connection part configured to be connected to the stalk; a molten metal reservoir; and a cavity connection part configured to be connected to the cavity, and the shape of the molten metal reservoir is such that the molten metal reservoir has a circular cross section at a connection to the stalk connection part and a non-circular cross section at a connection to the cavity connection part such that a perimeter of each cross section of the molten metal reservoir perpendicular to a flow direction of the molten metal gradually changes from the circular cross section at the connection to the stalk to the non-circular cross section at the connection to the cavity connection part while an area of each cross section remains constant.

5. The low-pressure casting device according to claim 4, wherein the sprue comprises a plurality of sprues, and the plurality of sprues have one or both of different lengths of cavity connection parts and different perimeters of the cavity connection parts.

6. The low-pressure casting device according to claim 4, wherein the stalk comprises an expanding part with a diameter increasing toward the sprue, and the expanding part is disposed inside the holding furnace.

7. The low-pressure casting device according to claim 4, further comprising a suctioning device configured to vacuum the cavity.

8. The low-pressure casting device according to claim 4, wherein the stalk connection part has a circular cross section.

9. The low-pressure casting device according to claim 4, further comprising a heater configured to heat the molten metal reservoir.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D illustrate an example of the sprue for a low-pressure casting device of the present invention.

(2) FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate a condition in which the attaching angle of sprues to stalks are changed and an example of the positional relationship between the sprues and a molded product.

(3) FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate an example in which a heater is provided to the sprue for a low-pressure casting device of the present invention, where FIG. 3A is a plan view, and FIG. 3B is a front view.

(4) FIG. 4 illustrates an example of the low-pressure casting device of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(5) The sprue for a low-pressure casting device of the present invention will be described.

(6) A sprue 1 for a low-pressure casting device according to the present invention is used to communicate a stalk of a low-pressure casting device with a cavity of a mold. FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D illustrate an example of the sprue 1 for a low-pressure casting device according to the present invention. FIG. 1A is a front view of the sprue for a low-pressure casting device, and FIG. 1B is a side view of the sprue for a low-pressure casting device. FIG. 1C illustrates a cross section taken along A-A, i.e. an example of the cross-sectional shape at the upper end of a molten metal reservoir 12, and FIG. 1D illustrates a cross section taken along B-B, i.e. an example of the cross-sectional shape at the lower end of the molten metal reservoir 12.

(7) As illustrated in FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D, the sprue 1 for a low-pressure casting device according to the present invention includes a stalk connection part 11 that is connected to a stalk, the molten metal reservoir 12 and a cavity connection part 13 that is connected to a cavity.

(8) The shape of the molten metal reservoir 12 is such that the perimeter of a cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of molten metal gradually increases toward the cavity connection part 13 while the area of the cross section remains constant.

(9) Since the molten metal reservoir 12 has a shape such that the perimeter of the molten metal passage is longer at the lower end than at the upper end while the cross-sectional area of the molten metal passage remains the same, the change of the flow rate of the molten metal is reduced. Further, since the cavity connection part 13 that is disposed above the molten metal reservoir has a flat shape due to the long cross-sectional perimeter, which is described later, it is possible to supply molten metal to a wide area, and the delivery is thus improved.

(10) Therefore, even when the supply rate of the molten metal is increased, the molten metal does not squirt into the cavity through the sprue in supplying the molten metal due to the combination of the reduction of the change of the flow rate and the improvement of the delivery. Instead, the level of the molten metal surface is equalized in the cavity, and oxidation of the molten metal is therefore reduced. Furthermore, formation of sand marks, which are caused by collision of the molten metal with a core, are prevented.

(11) It is preferred that the molten metal reservoir 12 has a ratio of the cross-sectional perimeter at the upper end/the cross-sectional perimeter at the lower end of 1.05 or more.

(12) Since the cross-sectional perimeter at the upper end is 1.05 times or more than the cross-sectional perimeter at the lower end, there is a large difference in heat dissipation between the upper end and the lower end of the molten metal reservoir 12. This promotes solidification of the molten metal in the cavity connection part 13 disposed above the molten metal reservoir 12, and the cycle time therefore thus reduced.

(13) The cross section at the upper end of the molten metal reservoir 12 may be of any shape that has a perimeter longer than the cross section at the lower end. Examples of such shapes include polygonal shapes such as rectangular, trapezoidal and pentagonal shapes as well as an oval shape. When the ratio of the minor axis/the major axis of an oval is equal to or less than approximately 0.6, the ratio of the cross-sectional perimeter at the upper end/the cross-sectional perimeter at the lower end is equal to or greater than 1.05. In the case of a polygonal shape, it may be chamfered to have a curved line. As illustrated in FIG. 1C, adjacent curved lines may be continued to each other to form a single curved line.

(14) The cross section at the lower end of the molten metal reservoir 12 is preferably of a perfect circular shape. A perfect circular shape has the shortest perimeter among any figures with the same area, and such a perfect circular shape reduces the heat dissipation. Therefore, the molten metal is less likely to solidify below the molten metal reservoir, and clogging of the sprue is thus prevented.

(15) The cavity connection part 13, which is disposed above the molten metal reservoir, has approximately the same cross-sectional shape as the upper end of the molten metal reservoir 12.

(16) By allowing the molten metal to solidify not only in the cavity but also in the cavity connection part 13, a molded product with a perfect shape can be obtained.

(17) That is, with the cavity connection part 13, the molten metal is supplied from the molten metal reservoir 12 even when the molten metal in the cavity connection part 13 is solidified so that the volume is decreased. Therefore, formation of shrinkage cavities is prevented.

(18) By changing the length of the cavity connection part 13 in the flow direction of the molten metal, i.e. the height direction, to adjust the surface area thereof, it is possible to adjust the difference in temperature between the molten metal in the cavity and the molten metal in the molten metal reservoir so as to adjust the solidification time. On the outer wall of the cavity connection part 13, a heatsink may be provided to promote solidification of the molten metal.

(19) As described above, the cavity connection part 13 has the same cross-sectional shape as the upper end of the molten metal reservoir 12. However, as long as the flow rate of the molten metal is not greatly changed, it may have a similarity shape such that the cross section expands toward the cavity.

(20) The expanding shape toward the cavity improves the ease of releasing a molded product and prevents clogging of the sprue that is caused by a solidified material stuck in the cavity connection part 13.

(21) The stalk connection part 11 is disposed below the molten metal reservoir 12 and is connected to the stalk. The stalk connection part 11 has approximately the same cross-sectional shape as the lower end of the molten metal reservoir 12.

(22) It is preferred that the cross section of the stalk connection part 11 is of a perfect circular shape. The perfect circular shape allows changing the attaching angle of the sprue to the stalk according to the shape of a product to be casted, which can improve the delivery according to the shape of a product to be casted.

(23) When there is a constraint in the connection between the stalk and the mold, for example, even when the cavity connection parts 13 of the sprues 1 stick out of a molded product 8 as illustrated in FIG. 2A, it is possible to change the attaching angle of the sprues 1 to the stalks as illustrated in FIG. 2B so as to arrange the cavity connection parts 13 of the sprues inside the outer shape of the molded product 8. This can prevent addition of useless shapes (v) that are added outside the outer shape of the molded product 8 according to the shape of the sprues. Therefore, an unwanted increase in weight of the molded product 8 is prevented.

(24) It is preferred that the sprue 1 for a low-pressure casting device according to the present invention includes a heater 14 for heating the molten metal reservoir 12. With the heater 14, solidification of the molten metal in the molten metal reservoir 12 is prevented. Further, together with the cavity connection part 13 with high heat dissipation property due to the long cross-sectional perimeter, it enables adjustment of the boundary position between molten metal and solidified metal in the sprue 1.

(25) FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate an example of a condition in which the heater 14 is provided to the sprue 1 for a low-pressure casting device. FIG. 3A is a plan view, and FIG. 3B is a front view. As illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the heater may be disposed around the molten metal reservoir 12 and the stalk connection part 11, which are illustrated by dashed lines in FIG. 3B. Alternatively, the heater may be directly disposed to the sprue.

(26) Low-Pressure Casting Device

(27) Next, the low-pressure casting device of the present invention will be described. A low-pressure casting device 100 according to the present invention includes a holding furnace 3 for holding molten metal 2, a stalk 4 with the lower end dipped in the molten metal 2 in the holding furnace 3, the sprue 1 for a low-pressure casting device that communicates a stalk 4 with a cavity 6 of a mold 5, and a pressure controller 7 that controls the pressure in the holding furnace 3.

(28) FIG. 4 illustrates an example of the low-pressure casting device 100. The low-pressure casting device 100 includes a gas inlet 71 for pumping inert gas such as carbon dioxide to the airtightly sealed holding furnace 3. The lower end of the stalk 4 is dipped in the molten metal 2 in the holding furnace 3. Above the holding furnace 3, a splittable mold 5 is disposed. A space is formed in each of the mold faces of the mold 5, and a cavity 6 having the shape of a molded product 8 is formed by assembling the mold 5.

(29) The sprues 1 are disposed on the upper end of the stalk 4 to communicate the stalk 4 with the cavity 6.

(30) If necessary, the mold 5 may have a suction pathway 91 that is connected to a suctioning device 9. Further, if necessary, a core 51 may be disposed in the mold 5.

(31) In the low-pressure casting device 100, the pressure controller 7 injects gas into the holding furnace 3 through the gas inlet 71 so as to increase the pressure in the holding furnace 3. With the pressure, the gas presses the molten metal surface of the holding furnace 3 to raise the molten metal 2 in the stalk 4 so that the cavity 6 of the mold 5 is filled with the molten metal 2 through the sprues 1.

(32) Then, after the molten metal 2 in the cavity 6 is cooled and solidified, the pressure controller 7 decreases the pressure in the holding furnace 3 so as to lower the molten metal surface. Thereafter, the mold 5 is opened, and the molded product 8 is collected.

(33) It is preferred that the low-pressure casting device 100 includes a plurality of sprues 1. With the plurality of sprues 1, it is possible to supply the molten metal 2 to a wide area in the cavity 6. Therefore, the delivery is improved.

(34) Further, the plurality of sprues 1 may be configured to have different thicknesses or perimeters of the cavity connection parts 13, and/or different lengths in the flow direction of the molten metal 2. By changing the shape of the cavity connection parts 13 to balance the solidification time of the sprues, clogging of the sprues is prevented.

(35) It is preferred that the stalk 4 includes an expanding part 41 with a diameter increasing toward the sprues 1, and a plurality of sprues 1 are disposed to the expanding part 41. Further, it is preferred that the expanding part 41 is disposed inside the holding furnace 3. By the disposal inside the holding furnace 3, the heat of the holding furnace 3 prevents a decrease in temperature of the molten metal in the expanding part 41.

(36) It is preferred that the low-pressure casting device 100 according to the present invention includes a suctioning device 9 that vacuums the cavity 6 through the suction pathway 91 of the mold. Supplying the molten metal 2 while vacuuming the cavity 6 can improve the delivery and prevent ruffle of the molten metal 2. Furthermore, since it becomes possible to increase the supply rate of the molten metal 2, the cycle time can be reduced.

REFERENCE SINGS LIST

(37) 1 Sprue 11 Stalk connection part 12 Molten metal reservoir 13 Cavity connection part 14 Heater 2 Molten metal 3 Holding Furnace 4 Stalk 41 Expanding part 5 Mold 51 Core 6 Cavity 7 Pressure controller 71 Gas inlet 72 Gas outlet 8 Molded product 9 Suctioning device 91 Suction pathway 100 Low-pressure casting device