Abstract
A fixed service ladder that has: a body attachable to a building; rungs attachable to the body as ladder steps; and side rails. The fixed service ladder has a use configuration, in which the fixed service ladder is in its use configuration, and for implementing a climbing hindrance, a retracted configuration, in which the rungs are turned closer to each other and to an angle differing from horizontal. The body has for each rung a first joint to which the rung joins allowing vertical pivoting; and for at least two different rungs restraints restraining said rungs in the use configuration. The rungs have second joints for pivotable joining with the side rails outside the body.
Claims
1. A fixed service ladder that comprises: a body attachable to a building; a plurality of rungs attachable to the body as ladder steps; and side rails; wherein the fixed service ladder has a use configuration, in which the fixed service ladder is in its use configuration, and for implementing a climbing hindrance, a retracted configuration, in which the rungs are turned closer to each other and to an angle differing from horizontal; the body comprises for each rung a first joint to which the rung is arranged to join allowing vertical pivoting; the body comprises for at least two different rungs restraints configured to restrain said rungs in the use configuration; and the rungs comprise a plurality of second joints for pivotable joining with the side rails outside the body.
2. The fixed service ladder of claim 1, wherein the fixed service ladder further comprises blocking means for preventing moving the fixed service ladder from the retracted configuration to the use configuration, which blocking means comprise locking means for locking the fixed service ladder to the retracted configuration or means for preventing operation of the restraints so that the restraints would not hold the rungs in their use configuration.
3. The fixed service ladder of claim 2, wherein the locking means comprise an aperture formed in the body for receiving a locking pin through the body for locking the rung to an uplifted position.
4. The fixed service ladder of claim 2, wherein the locking means comprise a controllable switch that is actuatable by a first operating device from a lower end of the fixed service ladder and by a second operating device from an upper part of the fixed service ladder for enabling using the fixed service ladder as a fire escape ladder.
5. The fixed service ladder of claim 1, wherein the body comprises said restraints for all the rungs.
6. The fixed service ladder of claim 1, wherein the body comprises two sides that are interconnected such that inner ends of the rungs can pivot between the sides.
7. The fixed service ladder of claim 6, wherein the sides are interconnected with the restraints.
8. The fixed service ladder of claim 1, wherein the body is configured to bear entirely the strain directed to the fixed service ladder.
9. The fixed service ladder of claim 1, wherein the restraint comprises a polyethylene bushing.
10. The fixed service ladder of claim 1, wherein the fixed service ladder is formed of two or more fixed service ladder modules to attain a fixed service ladder of desired length.
11. The fixed service ladder of claim 1, wherein the rungs are supported to the sides of the body in the use configuration over a distance the length of which is at least 2 or 2.5 or 3 times the greatest diameter of the rungs.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0036] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0037] FIG. 1 shows a fixed service ladder according to an example of the present disclosure in a use configuration, seen from the front;
[0038] FIG. 2 shows a fixed service ladder according to an example of the present disclosure in a retracted configuration, seen from the front;
[0039] FIG. 3 shows a fixed service ladder according to a first embodiment, seen from the top;
[0040] FIG. 4 shows a body of a fixed service ladder according to a second embodiment, seen from the front;
[0041] FIG. 5 shows a body of a fixed service ladder according to a third embodiment, seen from the front;
[0042] FIG. 6 shows details of the fixed service ladder of FIG. 1 without side rails and a safety rail;
[0043] FIG. 7 shows from behind a view of the body, rungs and restraints of the fixed service ladder of FIG. 1; and
[0044] FIG. 8 shows from behind a view of alternative body, rungs and restraints of the fixed service ladder of FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0045] In the following description, like reference signs denote like elements or steps. It should be observed that the Figs. are not entirely in scale and that they mostly serve an illustration purpose of some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0046] FIG. 1 shows a fixed service ladder according to an example of the present disclosure in a use configuration, seen from the front. The fixed service ladder comprises a body 110 that is attachable to a building; rungs 120 attachable to the body as ladder steps; side rails 130; and in case of fixed service ladder rising to high up, also a safety rail 140, e.g., between the side rails 130, such as in the middle of the space between the side rails 130.
[0047] The fixed service ladder has a use configuration, in which the fixed service ladder is in its use configuration, as drawn in FIG. 1, and for implementing a climbing hindrance, a retracted configuration, in which the rungs 120 are turned closer to each other and to an angle differing from horizontal, as shown in FIG. 2.
[0048] The body 110 comprises for each rung 120 a first joint 114 (or more accurately a hole of a joint), to which the rung 120 is arranged to join allowing vertical pivoting. Additionally, the body 110 comprises for at least two different rungs 120 restraints 130 shown in FIG. 6 and the holes 112 drawn in FIG. 1 for them configured to restrain said rungs in the use configuration. The rungs 120 comprise second joints for pivotable joining with the side rails 130 and the safety rail 140 outside the body 110.
[0049] The fixed service ladder further comprises blocking means for preventing moving the fixed service ladder from the retracted configuration to the use configuration. The blocking means comprise locking means for locking the fixed service ladder to the retracted configuration or means for preventing operation of the restraints so that the restraints would not hold the rungs in their use configuration. The fixed service ladder of FIGS. 1 to 7 is designed to retract with the rungs 120 obliquely up so that the restraints 320 that appear in FIGS. 3, 6 and 7 are, e.g., parts fixedly mounted of the body. In this case, it is not attempted to prevent the functioning of the restraints but the removing of the fixed service ladder from its retracted configuration. For example, to this end it is possible to use, e.g., a locking pin seen in FIGS. 2, 6 and 7 that locks the rung through a lock hold 210 obliquely upwards. Alternatively, the lock hole 210 can be omitted and, e.g., a lock member 710 (FIG. 7) can be positioned against the side of the rung 120 to prevent pivoting of the rung 120. With a suitable positioning and size of the lock member 710, pivoting of the rung 120 can be limited as desired both towards the retracted configuration and the use configuration. The lock member 710 of FIG. 7 is a plate that is lockable in its place through the body and removable therefrom, for which plate suitable holes are made to the sides of the body.
[0050] According to an embodiment, the fixed service ladder is implemented such that the restraints 320 are not fixed but, for example, pivotable with a hinged secondary body is pivotable through holes made in the body (and possibly also in the rungs). FIG. 8 shows an example in which, a restraint pin can be brought through holes made in the side of the body for many (here all) rungs 120 and possibly through a hole 820 in the rung 120 through the body (e.g. through both sides and the through or under the rung 120) such that the rung cannot lower down. In FIG. 8, also the joints of the rungs 120 are changed to the inner side. The releasable restraints then enable easy pivoting of the rungs 120 to a very steep angle, e.g. 60 to 80 degrees from horizontal. By all means, the joints can be also arranged optionally on the outer or inner side (considering the inner side to be the side of the body that is closer to the wall, if the fixed service ladder is mounted to the wall in a perpendicular angle).
[0051] In case of FIG. 8, turning the fixed service ladder to the use configuration is not necessarily in itself prevented, but the fixed service ladder cannot be climbed, because they would turn back down immediately when not held in their use configuration, until the releasable restraints 810 are again brought into a restraining state. As a simple implementation possibility for the releasable restraints, there is provided a joint comb-like plate part that is pivotable and lockable to be in direction of the body and pivotable (and preferably lockable) to be perpendicular to the rungs 120 such that the rungs rest on teeth corresponding to fingers of a comb on the comb-like plate part.
[0052] FIG. 2 shows from the front the fixed service ladder of an embodiment in its retracted configuration, such as the fixed service ladder of FIG. 1, but in sake of simplicity, without the joint points 122 (FIG. 6) of the side rails 130 and the safety rail 140. As mentioned in the foregoing, a lock hole 210 is seen in the body of FIG. 2 or more particularly in the lower part of the second side. In FIG. 2, there is further seen, a portion of a lowest rung 210 that is behind the body and marked by a dashed line, which portion is here used for locking the fixed service ladder to its retracted configuration. In order to make it difficult to break the fixed service ladder mischievously the body 110 (sides) is preferably reinforced in a region of (e.g. the lowest) rung 120 joint 114 and the region of the lock hole so that the sides would not have to be made unnecessarily sturdy over their entire length. The rung used for locking may be stronger than others over its entire length or at a portion used for the locking.
[0053] FIG. 3 shows a fixed service ladder according to a first embodiment, seen from the top. In this case, the body is implemented with a U-profile and the mounting to a building is done, for example, through a bottom of the U-profile. Alternatively, the shape of FIG. 3 can be done, e.g., by joining three plate parts by welding. FIG. 3 shows a restraint 310 that comprises a through bolt, such as an 8 mm machine screw, a bushing 320, such as a piece of a polyethylene bar with a hole drilled to the middle of which, and a nut 330, such as a lock nut (e.g., nyloc). Especially if the fixed service ladder is mounted to a wall direction, the mounting can be implemented also at one of the sides. For example, in case of FIG. 3, a suitable screw can then be used as a screw of the restraint, with which screw the body is mounted, e.g., to an offsetting profile mounted to the wall, with which offsetting profile the fixed service ladder are brought to a desired distance from the wall. Ordinary steel-made fixed service ladders are brought significantly apart of the wall to account for an overhang of a roof pane and hung from up to the roof pane. A corresponding solution can also be used with the present invention using a suitable attachment of the body. It is conceivable for sideways support that the outer side rail and/or the rungs 120 then are supported by a wall support made for an outer edge.
[0054] FIGS. 4 and 5 show two alternative body structures seen from top. In sides of FIG. 4, there is welded or screwed (directly or with angle irons) attachment brackets or a wall mounting plate that extends over a longer distance. Alternatively, one or more sides can be formed of an L-profile. On the other hand, in FIG. 5, a uniform wall mounting plate is attached behind the sides, e.g., by plating, screws, or by angle irons and screws.
[0055] FIGS. 6 and 7 show, from the front and behind, details of the fixed service ladder of FIG. 1 in the use configuration without the side rails 130 and the safety rail 140. In these Figs., there is presented the lock pin 210 mentioned in the foregoing for locking the fixed service ladder in its retracted configuration, e.g., by a lockable cotter. Further, FIGS. 6 and 7 show a use configuration securing hole, to which a lock of the fixed service ladder (e.g., a lockable cotter) is attachable, when it is desired to ensure that no-one would mischievously turn the fixed service ladder up and tie in its upper position, e.g., by pushing a suitable object to the lock hole 210.
[0056] Each rung 120 of the fixed service ladder described in the foregoing strengthens in part the fixed service ladder sideways and the side rails 130 and possibly attached safety rail 140 form of the rungs 120 a structure that reinforces the fixed service ladder sideways and shares vertical load onto the restraints 310. Thus, stress caused by one rung 120 to the body or the number of restraints 320 can be reduced.
[0057] The foregoing description provides non-limiting examples of some embodiments of the invention. It is however clear to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to presented details but that it can be implemented in other equivalent ways.
[0058] Some of the features of the afore-disclosed embodiments of this present disclosure may be used to advantage without the corresponding use of other features. The foregoing description shall be considered as merely illustrative of principles of the present disclosure, and not in limitation thereof. Hence, the scope of the present disclosure is only restricted by the appended claims.
