EARTHQUAKE PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR A FLOATING SLAB

Abstract

Earthquake protection system for a floating slab (1), for the conservation of the structures placed on the slab against the dynamic forces caused by earthquakes, comprising one or more vertical holding devices, arranged on the floating slab (1), and one or more side dampers (20), located on the side walls of the floating slab (1), wherein vertical holding devices are configured for the limitation and damping of the vertical movement of the floating slab and wherein the side dampers (20) are configured to limit and damp the movement of the floating slab (1) in the horizontal direction. The invention also comprises a protection method against earthquakes for protecting that which is arranged on the floating slabs.

Claims

1. An antiseismic protection system for a floating slab (1), for the conservation of the structures placed on the slab (1) against the dynamic forces caused by earthquakes; the slab (1) located on a rigid base (B) and its side walls adjoining with those of the rest of the concrete slab formwork (2); the floating slab (1) constituted by means of the distribution in the welded wire fabric of containers (3), within each of which is introduced, once the concrete is set, a helical spring damper (9) with a lower cover (13) which is positioned on the rigid base (B), raising the floating slab (1) by the drive of the helical spring dampers (9) against the base (B), characterized in that it comprises one or more dampers, arranged in the floating slab (1) for the limitation and damping of the vertical movement of the floating slab, and one or more side dampers (20), located in the side walls of the floating slab (1), configured to limit and damp the movement of the floating slab (1) in the horizontal direction.

2. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab according to claim 1, characterized in that the base (B) has chocks (8) on which the helical spring dampers (9) are arranged.

3. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower cover (13) of the helical spring damper (9) has a convex shape, to be positioned on the top of the chock (8) having a concave shape.

4. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab according to claim 1, characterized in that on the inside of the helical damper springs (9) stainless steel wire pads (14) are installed.

5. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the side dampers (20) are arranged on the edges of the floating slab (1) and comprise a tubular metal sleeve (21) containing an opening to introduce another tubular metal sleeve (22) of lower section, contained within the steel cable damper sleeves (24).

6. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the side damper (20) is of circular section containing within the sleeves (21, 22) cylindrical dampers (24) with a bore in their central part.

7. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that in the central bore of the cylindrical dampers (24) rubber dampers (25) are arranged.

8. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab (1), according to claim 7, characterized in that the rubber damper (25) contains within its rubber mass a helical damper.

9. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises damping discs (31) attached to the side walls of the floating slab (1) which activate when the side dampers (20) are at their limit of damping capacity.

10. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical holding device comprises a stem (15) anchored perpendicular to the base (B) and a group of washers (A) with different diameters that are arranged inserted in the stem (15) and are secured, arranged from larger to smaller on a flange (18) towards the interior which has a container (17).

11. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab (1), according to claim 10, characterized in that on the upper end of the stem (15) a damper (C) is arranged.

12. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab (1), according to claim 10, characterized in that the lower end of the stem is articulated (16).

13. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure on top of the floating slab (1) is a raised access floor with pedestals (27) and tiles (26), and a rail (28) is placed on the perimeter of said raised access floor from which the stems (29) emerge with a damper (30) at its end in contact with one of the pedestals (27).

14. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab, according to claim 1, characterized in that the structures that are on the top of the floating slab (1) are cabinets (34), wherein dampers (33) are arranged between the side walls of two adjacent cabinets (34) and dampers (37) are placed on the top of the two adjacent cabinets (34).

15. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab according to claim 1, characterized in that the structures that are on the floating slab (1) are cabinets (34) grouped in different rows, a cabinet of one row being linked with one of another row by a metal strip (35) emerging from each cabinet (34) to connect with the metal strip (35) emerging from the cabinet (34) of another row through a damper (36).

Description

DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

[0041] In order to complement the description that is being carried out and with the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the features of the invention, the present description is accompanied by a set of drawings wherein, by way of a non-limiting example, the following has been represented:

[0042] FIG. 1 is a top plan view of the floating slab within the rest of the slab formwork.

[0043] FIG. 2 is a lower perspective view of the whole, floating slab, raised access floor and racks with equipment.

[0044] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a container with the helical spring on a chock.

[0045] FIG. 4 shows the previous figure sectioned by a vertical plane.

[0046] FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of the floating slab with a container and helical spring on a chock.

[0047] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the whole, the floating slab sectioned by vertical planes.

[0048] FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of the floating slab sectioned by a vertical plane.

[0049] FIG. 8 is a detail of the previous figure.

[0050] FIGS. 9 and 10 are perspective and sectional views of a side damper.

[0051] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the floating slab with the raised access floor.

[0052] FIG. 12 shows damper components of the cabinets, racks.

[0053] FIG. 13 shows the linking system of the racks on their top.

[0054] FIG. 14 is a view of the upper dampers.

[0055] FIG. 15 is a detail of the previous figure.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

[0056] The floating slab (1) is quadrangular and is embodied on a rigid base (B) and has around it the rest of the concrete slab formwork (2). Between the slab formwork (2) and the floating slab (1) there is a gap as shown in FIG. 1.

[0057] On the rigid base (B) are arranged a series of chocks (8), wherein these can be installed before the formation of the floating slab, or positioned once it is raised.

[0058] On each chock (8) a container (3) is located, which in this embodiment is square, having on each of its two corners, on the top of its inner walls, a bevel (4).

[0059] In the exterior walls, the container has tubes (5, 6) at different levels to place the meshes that make up the welded wire fabric, which are held (top and bottom mesh) on rods that are inserted into these tubes. On these rods, on the rods which are arranged at the lower level, is positioned a first mesh and, on the rods which are arranged in the upper tubes, a second mesh, to thus configure the welded wire fabric or framework. The rods and the meshes are not shown in the drawings as they are not an object of this invention.

[0060] The helical spring (9) that is inserted into the container (3) when the concrete has already set has metal pads (14) in its interior. Said damper, helical spring (9), is closed at its top and bottom with a cover (12, 13), respectively. On its top it has an inverted U-shaped piece (10) that is positioned under the bevels (4), this piece having a screw (11) in its central part that presses the top cover (12) downward, achieving pressure of the helical spring (9) damper on the bottom cover (13) with convex shape, this being in contact with the concavity of the chock (8) on its top; this pressure allowing the progressive lifting of the floating slab (1) by the drive of all the helical springs (9).

[0061] As is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, each vertical damper comprises a stem (15) anchored perpendicular to the base (B) and introduced into the base (B) by its lower end (16), with a group of washers (A) of different diameters which are arranged inserted in the stem (15) and rest, arranged from larger to smaller on a flange (18) towards the interior which has a container (17).

[0062] These stems (15) are arranged centred within containers (17) having a flange (18) towards the interior, which are placed on top of the flange (18) washers (A) of different diameters, from larger to smaller, on top of which is placed a steel cable damper (C), closing the device by means of a nut (19).

[0063] In FIGS. 7 and 9, the side dampers (20) installed on the edges of the floating slab (1) in U-shaped containers (23) which are placed in contact with the walls of the rest of the rigid slab formwork (2), are shown. The side damper (20) consists of steel cable damper cylinders (24) that are restrained inside two tubular sleeves (20, 21) with circular section: one sleeve (21) of greater section into which another sleeve (22) of lesser section and with the possibility of displacement through its interior is inserted. In the central bore containing the interior of the damper cylinders (24), a rubber damper (25) is placed which contains in its structure, in the rubber mass, another helical damper, not shown, being in this embodiment of rectangular section. The side dampers (20) in this embodiment end in a curved shape in their area of contact with the opposite wall.

[0064] As a complementary reinforcement to avoid lateral displacement, on the walls of the slab (1) damper discs (31), shorter than the side dampers (20) are installed which begin to function when the travel of the side dampers (20) is exhausted.

[0065] In this embodiment, on the floating slab (1), a raised access floor consisting of pedestals (27), which are perpendicular to the slab (1) and positioned thereon, and tiles (26) are installed that make up said floor. On the perimeter of the line of tiles is placed a rail (28) from which stems (29) emerge towards the nearest pedestals (27) and which end in a damper (30) which is in contact with one of the pedestals (27). In this arrangement, the pedestals (27) located at the corners contact two dampers (30), each of which emerges from a stem (29) located on one of the sides forming the corner of the rail (28).

[0066] On the floating slab (1), cabinets (34) whose base is quadrangular and with a damper (32) for each of the legs of the cabinet or corners of the base, are located.

[0067] The cabinets (34) are in contact with their side walls, dampers (33) being arranged in these areas of contact.

[0068] The adjacent cabinets (34) are joined at their top by rubber dampers (37) arranged between two bracket-shaped pieces (38), each one thereof resting on one of the cabinets by means of another rubber damper (39).

[0069] The different rows of cabinets are joined by two metal strips (35) emerging from a cabinet of a different row to be linked in a damper (36) in the middle of the two metal strips (35).

[0070] Once the nature of the invention as well as an example of preferred embodiment have been sufficiently described, it is stated for all pertinent purposes that the materials, form, size and arrangement of the elements described are susceptible to changes, provided these do not involve an alteration of the essential features of the invention that are claimed subsequently.