Abstract
A method and an apparatus for the thread-stitching of folded signatures, for which individual folded signatures which are successively lined up along their flat sides are sewn together with at least one sewing needle and at least one hook needle to form a book block. Prior to penetrating the fold of the signature to be sewn from the inside to the outside and before penetrating the eyelet of the previously sewn signature, the hook needle is rotated in such a way around its longitudinal axis that its hook is positioned in a vertical symmetry axis of the eyelet, on a side of the hook needle that faces the previously sewn signature. The hook needle can be rotated for this at an optional angle (a) around its longitudinal axis and the hook can be positioned at an optional rotational position.
Claims
1. A method for thread-stitching for which individual, folded signatures, which are positioned upright and lined up successively along their flat sides, are sewn together with at least one sewing needle, and at least one hook needle to form a book block, the method comprising the steps of: moving with the at least one sewing needle a binding thread from an outside to an inside through a fold of a signature to be sewn, between legs of the signature, thereby creating a first, single-strand seam on an outside of the fold; storing the binding thread between the legs of the folded signature and, starting from the sewing needle, transporting the binding thread as a binding thread loop far enough in a direction of a movement path for the at least one hook needle, so that a closed end of the binding thread loop extends past the movement path of the at least one hook needle; moving the at least one hook needle through an eyelet of the binding thread, created on the outside of the fold during a sewing of a previous signature, and through the fold of the signature to be sewn toward the inside, between the legs of the signature, dipping the at least one hook needle into the previously formed binding thread loop, gripping the previously formed binding loop during a return stroke of the at least one hook needle, moving the previously formed binding loop from the inside through the fold of the signature to be sewn and through the eyelet on the outside of the fold to the outside, thereby creating on the outside of the fold a second, double-strand seam that is spaced-apart from the first, single-strand seam; providing the at least one hook needle on one side with a recess forming a hook for accommodating the binding thread used to sew the signature, rotating the at least one hook needle around its longitudinal axis to position the hook at different rotational positions, and prior to penetrating from the inside to the outside of the fold of the signature to be sewn and the eyelet of the previously sewn signature, rotating the at least one hook needle in such a way around its longitudinal axis that its hook is positioned in a vertical plane of symmetry for the eyelet and is positioned on a side of the hook needle that is facing the previously sewn signature.
2. The method according to claim 1, further including, prior to gripping the binding thread loop, rotating the at least one hook needle around its longitudinal axis in such a way that the hook of the at least one hook needle is positioned on a side of the hook needle that is opposite the sewing needle.
3. The method according to claim 2, further including, prior to gripping the binding thread loop, rotating the at least one hook needle in such a way around its longitudinal axis, that its hook is positioned at an angle of 85, relative to a first vertical plane through the fold of the signature to be sewn.
4. The method according to claim 2, further including, prior to gripping the binding thread loop, rotating the at least one hook needle in such a way around its longitudinal axis that its hook is positioned at an angle of 50, relative to a first vertical plane through the fold of the signature to be sewn.
5. The method according to claim 2, further including, prior to gripping the binding thread loop, rotating the at least one hook needle in such a way around its longitudinal axis that its hook is positioned at an angle of 15, relative to a first vertical plane through the fold of the signature to be sewn.
6. The method according to claim 1, further including rotating the at least one hook needle around its longitudinal axis prior to penetrating from the outside toward the inside of the eyelet of the preceding signature and the fold of the signature to be sewn, so that its hook is positioned in a second, vertical plane, oriented at a right angle to the fold of the signature to be sewn, in a starting rotational position on a side of the hook needle that faces away from the previously sewn signature.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein for each of the signatures to be sewn and based on information stored in a machine control of a thread-stitching apparatus, or based on information affixed to at least one of the signatures to be sewn which relates to the type of stitch to be used for the thread-stitching of the signatures for a production order and to a separation of book blocks to be produced, determining a rotational angle (a) of the at least one hook needle around its longitudinal axis, and beginning with the starting rotational position of the hook on the at least one hook needle, rotating the at least one hook needle corresponding to the rotational angle (a) and positioning the hook correspondingly.
8. The method according to claim 7, including using a drive for the rotation of the at least one hook needle around the determined rotational angle (a) to position the hook accordingly.
9. An apparatus for thread-stitching, for which individual, folded signatures which are lined up successively along their flat sides are sewn together with a binding thread to form a book block, comprising: at least one sewing needle with an eye and at least one hook needle, arranged at a distance to the sewing needle, wherein the hook needle includes a recess on one side that forms a hook for accommodating the binding thread and is arranged to rotate around its longitudinal axis for sewing a signature, wherein the hook needle is rotatable at an optional angle (a) around its longitudinal axis so that the hook is positionable at an optional rotational position.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a device, operationally connected to a machine control, for rotating the at least one hook needle around its longitudinal axis, wherein the device includes a holder for the at least one hook needle, an actuator for rotating the at least one hook needle, and a drive for said actuator.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the drive comprises a servomotor.
12. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the actuator comprises a toothed rack.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] In the following, the invention is described in further detail with the aid of an exemplary embodiment, showing in:
[0022] FIGS. 1-4 A schematic representation of the sewing principle known from the prior art for an apparatus operating with the normal stitch;
[0023] FIG. 5 A schematic view from the top of the sewing needle and the hook needle of the apparatus according to FIG. 1, showing the two rotational positions of the hook needle and/or its hook;
[0024] FIG. 6 A schematic view from the side of the sewing needle and the hook needle on an apparatus used for the combined staggered stitch, used for the thread-stitching according to the prior art and, shown below it, a schematic view from above of five signatures sewn with this apparatus;
[0025] FIG. 7 A schematic sectional view of the hook needle for a thread-stitching apparatus according to the invention, showing the needle with its hook in a rotational position according to the invention while penetrating an eyelet oriented toward the right of a previously sewn signature, as well as a sewing needle arranged to the left of the hook needle;
[0026] FIG. 8 A representation of the same hook needle as shown in FIG. 7, but shown in a different rotational position according to the invention during the penetrating of an eyelet, oriented to the left, of a preceding signature and a sewing needle arranged to the right of the hook needle;
[0027] FIG. 9 A schematic view from above of the sewing needle and the hook needle of an apparatus according to the invention for the thread-stitching, showing additional rotational positions according to the invention for the hook needle and its hook for gripping a binding thread loop supplied from the left;
[0028] FIG. 10 A schematic representation analogous to FIG. 9, but with additional rotational positions according to the invention of the hook needle and its hook for gripping a binding thread loop supplied from the right; and
[0029] FIG. 11 A schematic representation of a device for rotating hook needles on a thread-stitching apparatus according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0030] FIGS. 1 to 4 show a schematic representation of the sewing principle known from the prior art, used with a thread-stitching apparatus 1 that is intended for the normal stitch. FIG. 1 shows a book block 6, composed of two folded, upright signatures 5 which are successively lined up along their flat sides and have already been sewn together with a binding thread 2 in the form two spaced-apart seams 3, 4. The folded signatures 5, which are provided successively in feeding direction 7 to a non-depicted stitching saddle, respectively comprise a first leg 8 and a second leg 9, as well as a fold 10 which connects the legs.
[0031] Also shown is a third, folded signature 5, which has been transported in feeding direction 7 to the book block 6 and fits with its leg 8 flat against the book block 6, so that it can be sewn together with the book block 6. To better understand the sewing principle, this additional signature 5 which rests on the non-depicted stitching saddle is shown while cut along the fold 10, meaning only the first leg 8 of the third signature 5 is shown while the second leg 9 is not shown. Furthermore shown are two spaced-apart pre-punching needles 11, a sewing needle 13 with an eyelet 12, a hook needle 14 arranged at a distance to the sewing needle 13 in the direction of the fold 10 on the third signature 5, which is provided along the circumference with a recess 16 forming a hook 15 (see also FIG. 7/FIG. 8), as well as a compressed air nozzle 17 on the side of the sewing needle 13 that is removed from the hook needle 14 and is embodied as transport element for the binding thread, and a motion link 18 for the apparatus 1.
[0032] During the operation of the apparatus 1, the two pre-punching needles 11 initially penetrate the fold 10 of the signature 5 to be sewn, from the inside in the direction of the movement arrows shown, thus forming in this fold 10 two spaced-apart holes 19 (FIG. 1). Once the pre-punching needles 11 have been withdrawn counter to the arrow movement, the sewing needle 13 that is initially positioned on the outside 20 of the fold 10 and contains, for example, in its needle eye 12 the binding thread 2, supplied by a binding thread spool not shown herein, is inserted through the first of the two holes 19 into an inside space 21 between the two legs 8, 9 of the signature 5 to be sewn. For this, a first segment 2a of the binding thread 2, located on a first side of the eye of the needle 12, is connected to a first, single-strand seam 3 of the book block 6, embodied on the outside 20 of the fold 10, whereas a second segment 2b of the binding thread 2 is connected on a second side of the eye of the needle 12 to a binding thread spool that is not shown herein. At this point in time the hook needle 14 is still located on the outside 20 of the fold 10 on the signature 5 to be sewn, surrounded by an eyelet 22 (FIG. 2) that is formed by a loop of the binding thread 2 used for sewing the preceding signature 5.
[0033] The two segments 2a, 2b of the binding thread 2 are subsequently admitted with an air stream 23 from the compressed air nozzle 17 and transported in the direction of the hook needle 14 movement path 24, shown with a dashed line. In the process, a binding thread loop 25 with closed end 26 is formed (FIG. 3). This binding thread loop 25 is inserted into the motion link 18 and is positioned such that its closed end 26 finally extends past the movement path 24 of the hook needle 14 onto the side of this movement path 24 which faces away from the sewing needle 13. Of course, for the transport of the binding thread 2, a mechanical transport element that is known per se and is embodied as binding thread layer can also be used in place of a pneumatic transport element which is embodied as compressed air jet 17.
[0034] Following this, the hook needle 14 which is surrounded on the outside 20 of the fold 10 by the eyelet 22 dips from the outside through the second hole 19, formed by the pre-punching needles 11, into the inside space 21 between the legs 8, 9 of the signature 5 to be sewn and finally also through the binding thread loop 25. During the return stroke of the hook needle 14, the binding thread loop 25 that is in the meantime pulled tight by said hook needle is gripped by the hook 15 of the needle 14 and guided through the second hole 19 of the fold 10, as well as through the eyelet 22 on its outside 20. In the process, a second, double-strand seam 4 is formed on this outside 20 of the fold 10, arranged in the direction of this fold 10 at a distance to the first, single-strand seam 3 (FIG. 4). Once a following signature 5 to be sewn is made available, the above-described thread-stitching operation starts anew.
[0035] FIG. 5 shows a schematic view from the top of a sewing needle 13, with the needle eye 12 always oriented in the same way, as well as of a hook needle 14 that cooperates with the sewing needle 13. Shown in particular here are the two rotational positions of the hook needle 14 and/or its hook 15, relative to the fold 10 of the signature 5 to be sown. The hook needle 14 is respectively rotated by 180 around its longitudinal axis 27 for the movement of the hook needle 14 from the outside 20 of the fold 10 to the inside space 21 of the signature 5 to be sewn, as well as for the return stroke movement. It does not matter in this case whether the rotation occurs clockwise or counter-clockwise. As illustrated with the example of a first and a second movement arrow 28, 29, the hook needle 14 and the hook 15 correspondingly occupy a first rotational position 30 and/or a second rotational position 31. In the first rotational position 30, the hook 15 is located in a second, vertical imaginary plane 32, arranged at a right angle to the fold 10 of the signature 5 to be sewn, and is located there on the side of the hook needle 14 that faces away from the previously sewn signature 5, as shown in FIG. 3. Prior to penetrating the fold 10 of the signature 5 to be sewn during the return stroke movement and the eyelet 22 of the previously sewn signature 5, the hook needle 14 and thus its hook 15 is rotated, for example according to the second movement arrow 29, to the second rotational position 31. The hook 15 is then also positioned in the second vertical plane 32, but on a side of the hook needle 14 that faces the previously sewn signature 5. FIG. 4 also shows this position of the hook 15, wherein the hook needle 14 in that case is shown immediately following the penetration of the fold 10 and the eyelet 22.
[0036] A correspondingly embodied hydraulic cylinder, not shown here, is used to rotate the hook needle 14, wherein its first end position corresponds to the first rotational position 30 of the hook needle 14 and/or its hook 15, and its second end position corresponds to the second rotational position 31 of the hook needle 14 and/or the hook 15. During the movement of the hook needle 14 from the outside to the inside, this needle and thus also its hook 15 are located in the first rotational position 30. This rotational position 30 of the hook 15, on the side of the hook needle 14 located on the previously stitched signature 5, is maintained at least as long as the hook 15 is still partially on the outside 20 of the fold 10 (see also FIGS. 2 and 3). This prevents the eyelet 22, formed by the binding thread loop of the previously sewn signature 5, from prematurely leaving the hook 15. Following the penetration of the fold 10, but at the latest before the hook 15 reaches the binding thread loop 25 during the movement of the hook needle 14 from the inside to the outside, the hook needle 14 is rotated such that the hook 15 is in its second rotational position 31, meaning on the side of the hook needle 14 facing the previously sewn signature 5 (see FIG. 5 top). As a result, it is ensured that the currently formed binding thread loop 25 of the binding thread 2 is gripped by the hook of the hook needle 14 and is guided through the fold 10 of the signature 5 to be sewn, as well as through the eyelet 22 of the previously sewn signature 5 without taking along the latter (see FIG. 4). The following 180 rotation of the hook needle 14 and thus the hook 15, e.g. in the direction of the first movement arrow 28, occurs prior to its renewed movement from the outside to the inside, meaning before the sewing of a following signature 5. According to the prior art, a control cam or a cam disk can also be used for rotating the hook needle 14.
[0037] Depending on the configuration of the book blocks 6 to be produced, additional signatures 5 can be joined in the same way. Even though FIGS. 1-5 respectively show only a single sewing needle 13 and a single hook needle 14, a larger number of such needles can, of course, also be used depending on the length of the fold 10 for the signature 5 to be sewn and the respective type of stitches to be generated with the sewing and hook needles 13, 14.
[0038] Deviating from the normal stitch shown in FIGS. 1-5, where the binding thread 2 is always transported to the hook needle 14 by a sewing needle 13, arranged on the same side as but spaced-apart from the hook needle 14, an apparatus 1 for the thread-stitching of folded signatures 5 can also be designed for the combined staggered stitch, or can be converted to this stitch. To realize these types of stitches, a sewing needle 13 is arranged evenly spaced-apart on both sides of the respective hook needle 14, wherein the feeding of the binding thread 2 to the hook needle 14 in the form of a binding thread loop 25 is realized alternately from one or the other by the sewing needles 13. Shown on the top of FIG. 6 are three sewing needles 13 and two hook needles 14 as examples for an apparatus 1 according to the prior art, suitable for the combined staggered stitching. The bottom of FIG. 6, on the other hand, shows a schematic view from above of respectively five signatures 5, sewn this apparatus and using the combined staggered stitch along their fold 10 to form a book block 6. This representation clearly shows that the eyelets 22 of the second, double-strand seam 4 are oriented in different directions, depending on which sewing needle 13 is guiding them, meaning from which side the binding thread 2 is supplied to the hook needle 14.
[0039] The second rotational position 31 of the hook needle 14 and/or its hook 15, known from the prior art and shown in FIG. 5, for penetrating the fold 10 and in particular the eyelets 22 of the previously sewn signature 5 has proven to be a disadvantage because, on the one hand, the orientation of the eyelets 22 deviates in such a way from the hook 15 of the hook needle 14 in this second rotational position 31 that the binding thread 2 of the eyelets 22 can be damaged by the hook 15 and, on the other hand, because the orientation of the eyelets 22 can change based on the type of stitches (see FIGS. 2 and 6), thereby further increasing the danger of tearing the binding thread 2.
[0040] FIG. 7 schematically shows a sectional view through a hook needle 14 and a sewing needle 13, operating jointly therewith and arranged to the left of the hook needle 14, used in an inventive apparatus 1 for the thread-stitching. The also shown binding thread loop 25 of the binding thread 2 thus was formed from the left to the right. This Figure shows the hook needle 14 and the hook 15 respectively in a rotational position according to the invention while penetrating the eyelet 22 of binding thread 2, shown with dashed line, for the previously sewn signature 5 which rests on the non-depicted fold 10 of the signature 5 to be sewn at present. The hook needle 14 is rotated around its longitudinal axis 27 in this case, such that its hook 15 is arranged in a vertical symmetry plane 33 of this eyelet 22 and is positioned on a side of the hook needle 14 that is facing the previously sewn signature 5.
[0041] FIG. 8 schematically shows a sectional view through the same hook needle 14 as shown in FIG. 7, but with a different sewing needle 13, operating jointly therewith and arranged to the right of the hook needle. The loop 25 of the binding thread 2, which is also shown, was thus formed from the right to the left. This Figure shows the hook needle 14 and the hook 15 in a different rotational position according to the invention, while penetrating the eyelet 22 of the binding thread 2 of the previously sewn signature 5 which rests on the non-depicted fold 10 of the signature 5 to be sewn at present. For this, the hook needle 14 is rotated around its longitudinal axis 27, such that its hook 15 is arranged in a vertical symmetry plane 33 of this eyelet 22, which is oriented differently as compared to FIG. 7, and is thus positioned on a side of the hook needle 14 that is facing the previously sewn signature 5.
[0042] FIGS. 7 and 8 therefore show two different rotational positions according to the invention for the hook needle 14 and/or its hook 15, which depend on the orientation of the eyelet 22 formed with the binding thread 2 of the previously sewn signature 5 and resting on the fold 10 of the signature 5 to be sewn at present. In addition to the type of stitches used when sewing the respective signature 5, for example the normal stitch or the combined staggered stitch, the separation of a signature 5 to be sewn at present from the previously sewn signature 5 of a previous book block 6, as well as the type of material used for the signatures 5 and the binding thread 2 also influence the orientation of the eyelet 22 of the previous signature 5 and thus the actual, inventive rotational position of the hook needle 14 and/or its hook 15 during the penetration from the inside toward the outside of the eyelet 22 of the binding thread 2 of the previously sewn signature 5.
[0043] Concerning the first rotational position 30 of the hook needle 14 and/or its hook 15, also known from the prior art and shown in FIG. 5, it has turned out that this position is not optimally oriented for picking up the binding thread loop 25. In contrast, FIGS. 9 and 10 show schematic views from the top of the sewing needle 13 and the hook needle 14 on an inventive binding thread-stitching apparatus 1, which represent additional rotational positions according to the invention for the hook needle 14 and/or its hook 15 for gripping a binding thread loop 25 supplied from the left (FIG. 9) and/or from the right (FIG. 10). Accordingly, the hook needle 14 is rotated around its longitudinal axis 27 prior to gripping the binding thread loop 25, such that the hook 15 of the hook needle 14 is positioned on the side opposite the sewing needle 13 side. In the process, the hook 15 is rotated by an angle of 85, preferably 50 and particularly preferred by an angle of 15, relative to a first vertical plane 34 through the fold 10 of the signature 5 to be stitched. With such a rotational position of the hook needle 14 and/or its hook 15, it is possible to improve the gripping of the binding thread loop 25 by the hook 15 as compared to the prior art. The respectively achievable rotational position for the hook needle 14 and/or its hook 15 thus represents a compromise between the time, measured in milliseconds, which is available for rotating the hook 14 and the optimum gripping of the binding thread loop 25 by the hook 15.
[0044] FIG. 11 shows a schematic representation of a device 36, connected to a machine control 35, used for rotating the hook needles 14 of a thread-stitching apparatus 1 according to the invention. Shown as example here is an apparatus 1 with four hook needles 14, wherein the sewing needles 13 that operate jointly with the hook needles 14 were omitted for reasons of clarity. The device 36 for rotating the hook needles 14 comprises a holder 37 for accommodating the hook needles 14, such that they can rotate, an actuator 39 with toothed rack 38 for rotating the hook needles 14 around their longitudinal axes 27, as well as a drive 41 with servomotor 40 for correspondingly operating the actuator 39. The hook needles 14 and thus their respective hooks 15 are embodied in principle to rotate around the longitudinal axis 27 at an optional angle of rotation a and can be stopped at any rotational position.
[0045] When operating this apparatus 1, the hook needles 14 used for sewing the signatures 5, supplied by the non-depicted stitching saddle, are initially in a starting rotational position, which corresponds to the first rotational position 30 known from the prior art and shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5. In other words, the hooks 15 in that case are always arranged in the second, vertical plane 32, arranged at a right-angle to the fold 10 of the signature 5 to be sewn, and are located for this on the side of the hook needle 14 that is facing away from the previously sewn signature 5, as shown schematically in FIG. 6 on the top and in FIG. 11.
[0046] Once the respective binding thread loop 25 is formed on the inside 21 of the signature 5 to be sewn, and after the hook needles 14 dip into this inside space 21 in the same way as described in the above for a single hook needle 14 according to the prior art, in connection with FIGS. 1 to 4, the hook needles 14 and thus also their hooks 15 which are installed rotating in the holder 37 are correspondingly admitted by the drive 41 and the actuator 39 and are rotated according to the invention from the starting position either to a first position shown in FIG. 9 or a second position shown in FIG. 10, depending on whether the binding thread loop 25 is supplied by a sewing needle 13 on the right or the left of the respective hook needle 14. During the return stroke, the hooks 15 of the hook needles 14 positioned in this way grip the respective binding thread loop 25 and guide it through the second hole 19 of the fold 10 of the signature 5 to be sewn.
[0047] At the very latest before the hooks 15 of the hook needles 14 are moved respectively through the eyelet 22 formed by the binding thread 2 of the previously sewn signature 5 and located on the outside 20 of this fold 10, these hook needles 14 and thus the hooks 15 are rotated with the aid of the drive 41, for example to a third rotational position shown in FIG. 7 or 8. Owing to the fact that the hooks 15 in this third rotational position are located on a hook needle 14 side that faces the previously sewn signature 5, in the symmetry plane 33 of the respective eyelet 22, and thus relatively far from its binding thread 2, it is ensured that these eyelets 22 are not damaged by the respective penetrating hooks 15. Subsequently, but at the latest before the hook needle 14 for sewing a following, folded signature 5, moves from the outside 20 of the fold 10 of this signature 5 to its inside space 21, the hook needles 14 and thus also the hooks 15 are again rotated to the above-described starting rotational position.
[0048] In contrast to the known prior art with two fixed rotational positions, respectively offset by 180, this method and the corresponding apparatus 1 add another rotational position for the hook needles 14 and their respective hooks 15. The now available three rotational positions can be divided easier into the three critical method steps of thread-stitching, namely the inserting from the outside to the inside of the hook needles 14 through the fold 10 of the signature 5 to be sewn, gripping of the binding thread loops with the hooks 15 of the hook needles 14, and penetrating from the inside to the outside of the hooks 15 of the needles 14 through the eyelet 22 that is respectively located on the outside 20 of the fold 10 for the previous signature 5. In addition, the inventive solution permits adapting two of the three rotational positions individually and thus flexibly to the respective working situation during the thread-stitching of folded signatures 5. The quality of the produced book blocks 6 can therefore be increased and the danger of damaging the binding thread 2 used for this can be reduced.
[0049] It will be understood that the above description of the present invention is susceptible to various modifications, changes and adaptations, and that the same are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the appended claims.
