Olefin-based Copolymer And Process For Preparing Same

Abstract

The present invention relates to an olefin-based copolymer having novel crystalline properties and capable of providing a molded article with further improved strength and impact strength when compounded with other resins, and a method for preparing the same. The olefin-based copolymer is an olefin-based copolymer comprising an ethylene repeating unit and an -olefinic repeating unit. The olefin-based copolymer comprises polymer fractions defined by three different peaks at a predetermined temperature when analyzed by cross-fractionation chromatography.

Claims

1. An olefin-based copolymer comprising an ethylene repeating unit and an -olefin-based repeating unit, wherein when the olefin-based copolymer is analyzed by cross-fractionation chromatography (CFC), it includes a first fraction defined as a first peak appearing at a first elution temperature (Te1) of 20C to 50 C., a second fraction defined as a second peak appearing at a second elution temperature (Te2) of 50 C. to 85 C., and a third fraction defined as a third peak appearing at a third elution temperature (Te3) higher than that of the second elution temperature (Te2), for example, at a temperature of 85 C. to 130 C., and wherein the fraction ratio of the second fraction defined by the integral area of the second peak is 7 to 75%.

2. The olefin-based copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the central peak temperature of the second peak of the olefin-based copolymer is 50 C. to 85 C.

3. The olefin-based copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the central peak temperature of the first peak of the olefin-based copolymer is 15 C. to 15 C., and the fraction ratio of the first fraction defined by the integral area of the first peak is 50 to 75%.

4. The olefin-based copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the central peak temperature of the third peak is 85 C. to 100 C., and the fraction ratio of the third fraction defined by the integral area of the third peak is 5 to 75%.

5. The olefin-based copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the third fraction has a crystallinity higher than that of the second fraction, and the second fraction has a crystallinity higher than that of the first fraction.

6. The olefin-based copolymer according to claim 1, wherein it has a melting point of 100 C. to 140 C. as measured by DSC.

7. The olefin-based copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the second fraction of the olefin-based copolymer has the number of short chain branches (SCB) per 1,000 carbon atoms of more than 50.

8. The olefin-based copolymer according to claim 1, wherein it has a density of 0.85 g/cc to 0.91 g/cc.

9. The olefin-based copolymer according to claim 1, wherein it has a meat index of 0.5 to 3 g/10 min at 190 C. under a load of 2.16 kg.

10. The olefin-based copolymer according to claim 1, wherein it contains 50 to 90% by weight of an ethylene repeating unit and the remaining amount of an alpha-olefin-based repeating unit.

11. The olefin-based copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the -olefin repeating unit is a repeating unit derived from at least one -olefin selected from the group consisting of 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene and 1-hexadecene.

12. An olefin-based copolymer containing an ethylene repeating unit and an -olefin-based repeating unit, wherein when the olefin-based copolymer is analyzed by cross-fractionation chromatography (CFC), it includes a first fraction defined as a first peak appearing at a first elution temperature Te1 of 20 C., to 50 C. a second fraction defined as a second peak appearing at a second elution temperature (Te2) of 50 C. to 85 C. and a third fraction defined as a third peak appearing at a third elution temperature (Te3) higher than that of the second elution temperature (Te2), and wherein the second fraction of the olefin-based copolymer has the number of short-chain branches (SCB) per 1,000 carbon atoms of more than 50.

13. A method for preparing the olefin-based copolymer of claim 1 comprising copolymerizing ethylene and -olefin in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising a first metallocene catalyst including a compound of the following Chemical Formula 1 and a second metallocene catalyst including a compound of the following Chemical Formula 2: ##STR00008## in Chemical Formula 1, R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, silyl, an alkenyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl having 7 to 25 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl having 7 to 25 carbon atoms, or a metalloid radical of a Group 14 metal substituted with hydrocarbyl; and the R1 and R2 are optionally connected to each other by an alkylidene radical containing an alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms to form a ring; each R3 is independently hydrogen, a halogen, an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy radical, or an amido radical; and two or more the R3 are optionally connected to each other to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring; CY1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic ring; M is a Group 4 transition metal; and Q.sub.1 and Q.sub.2 are each independently a halogen, an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl amido radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having 7 to 25 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl radical having 7 to 25 carbon atoms, or an alkylidene radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, ##STR00009## in Chemical Formula 2, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted or unsubstituted with halogen, a cycloalkyl having 5 to 60 carbon atoms, an aryl having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, a cyclodiene group having 5 to 60 carbon atoms, an alkenyl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl having 7 to 60 carbon atoms and an arylalkyl having 7 to 60 carbon atoms; Q.sub.4 to Q.sub.6 are each independently hydrogen or deuterium; CY2 is an aliphatic ring having 5 to 20 carbon atoms which contains nitrogen and is substituted or unsubstituted with alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; M is Groups 3-12 metal or lanthanide series metal; and X.sub.1 to X.sub.3 are the same as or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a halogen radical, an alkylamido radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an arylamido radical having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl radical having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having 7 to 60 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl radical having 7 to 60 carbon atoms and an alkylidene radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

14. The method for preparing the olefin-based copolymer according to claim 13, wherein the catalyst composition further includes at least one chain shuttling agent selected from the group consisting of diethylzinc, di(i-butyl)zinc, di(n-hexyl)zinc, triethylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, triethylgallium, i-butylaluminum bis(dimethyl(t-butyl)siloxane), i-butylaluminium bis(di(trimethylsilyl)amide), n-octylaluminum di(pyridine-2-methoxide), bis(n-octadecyl)i-butylaluminum, i-butylaluminum bis(di(n-pentyl)amide), n-octylaluminum bis(2,6-di-t-butylphenoxide, n-octylaluminum di(ethyl(1-naphthyl)amide), ethylaluminum bis(t-butyldimethylsiloxide), ethylaluminum di(bis(trimethylsilyl)amide), ethylaluminum bis(2,3,6,7-dibenzo-1-azacycloheptaneamide), n-octylaluminum bis(2,3,6,7-dibenzo-1-azacycloheptaneamide), n-octylaluminum bis(dimethyl(t-butyl)siloxide, ethylzinc (2,6-diphenylphenoxide), and ethylzinc (t-butoxide).

15. The method for preparing the olefin-based copolymer according to claim 13, wherein the first metallocene catalyst comprises a compound of the following Chemical Formula 1a, and the second metallocene catalyst comprises a compound of the following Chemical Formula 2a: ##STR00010##

16. The method for preparing the olefin-based copolymer according to claim H, wherein the catalyst composition further comprises at least one cocatalyst compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the following Chemical Formulas 3 to 5:
J(R.sup.4).sub.3[Chemical Formulas 3] in Chemical Formula 3, J is aluminum or boron; and R.sup.4 each independently a halogen, or a hydrocarbyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted or unsubstituted with halogen;
[L-H].sup.+[ZA.sub.4].sup. or [L].sup.+[ZA.sub.4].sup.[Chemical Formulas 4] in Chemical Formula 4, L is a neutral or cationic Lewis acid; H is hydrogen; Z is a Group 13 element; and each A is independently an aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in which one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted with a halogen, a hydrocarbyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a phenoxy group;
[Al(R.sup.5)O].sub.a[Chemical Formulas 5] in Chemical Formula 5, R.sup.5 is a halogen, or a hydrocarbyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted or unsubstituted with halogen; and a is an integer of 2 or more.

17. The method for preparing the olefin-based copolymer according to claim 16, wherein the cocatalyst compound is included in a molar ratio of about 1:1 to 1:20 based on the total amount of the first and second metallocene catalysts.

18. The method for preparing the olefin-based copolymer according to claim 14, wherein the chain shutting agent is included in a molar ratio of about 1:10 to 1:1000 with respect to the total amount of the first and second metallocene catalysts.

19. The method for preparing the olefin-based copolymer according to claim 13, wherein the copolymerization is conducted at a temperature of 120 C. or higher, and under pressure of 50 bar or more.

20. The olefin-based copolymer according to claim 1, wherein it has a weight average molecular weight of about 30,000 to 200,000 g/mol, and a molecular weight distribution of 2.0 or more.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0093] FIGS. 1 to 3 are graphs showing the results of the cross-fractionation chromatography (CFC) analysis of an olefin-based copolymer of Examples 1 to 3, respectively.

[0094] FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of the cross-fractionation chromatography (CFC) analysis of an olefin-based copolymer of Comparative Example 1.

[0095] FIG. 5 is a graph showing a process of obtaining an integral area of each peak corresponding to a fraction ratio of each fraction, from the results of the cross-fractionation chromatography analysis of an olefin-based copolymer according to one embodiment.

EXAMPLES

[0096] Hereinafter, preferred examples will be set forth for better understanding of the present invention. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed to be limited thereby.

[0097] In the following examples, organic reagents and solvents were purchased from Aldrich and Merck, and purified by a standard method. In all synthesis steps, the contact between air and moisture were blocked to enhance the reproducibility of experiments. In addition, in the following examples, the term overnight means a period of about 12 to 16 hours, and the term room temperature refers to a temperature of 20 to 25 C. The synthesis of all the transition metal compounds and the preparation of experiments were carried out using the dry box technique or glass tools maintained in dry condition under the dry nitrogen atmosphere. All the solvents used in the examples were of the HPLC level and dried before use.

Preparation Example 1

Preparation of a First Metallocene Catalyst

[0098] A first metallocene catalyst represented by the following Chemical Formula 1a was prepared according to the method of Examples 6 and 7 of Korean Patent No. 0820542.

##STR00006##

Preparation Example 2

Preparation of a Second Metallocene Catalyst

[0099] A second metallocene catalyst represented by the following Chemical Formula 2a was prepared according to the methods as described below.

##STR00007##

[0100] 2-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (6.12 g, 41.6 mmol) and hexane (0.536 M, 77.5 ml) were added to a 250-ml Schlenk flask. n-BuLi (1.1 eq, 18.3 ml) was added thereto at 20 C. and allowed to stand overnight at room temperature. The mixture was filtered through G4 frit, and dried under vacuum to obtain a lithium salt. The lithium salt (1.83 g, 11.9 mmol) and diethyl ether (0.423 M, 28.2 ml) were added and CO.sub.2 bubbling was carried out at 78 C. for 1 hour. The reaction was allowed to proceed overnight at room temperature while slowly raising the temperature, then THF (1.1 eq, 1.07 ml) and t-BuLi (1.1 eq, 8.4 ml) were added at 20 C. and kept for 2 hours. Cyclohexyl.sub.2PCI (0.85 eq, 2.36 g) and diethyl ether (0.359 M, 28.2 ml) were added at the same temperature, and then kept at the same temperature for 1 hour. The reaction was allowed to proceed overnight at room temperature while slowly raising the temperature, and then 50 ml of distilled water was added at 0 C., and the mixture was stirred again at room temperature for 30 minutes. After work-up with diethyl ether, the mixture was dried with MgSO.sub.4 and subjected to column separation to obtain yellow solid product (1.86 g, yield: 45.3%).

[0101] In a 100-ml Schlenk flask, the above-prepared compound (0.28 g, 0.815 mmol), Zr(CH.sub.2Ph).sub.4 (1.0 eq, 0.37 g) and toluene (0.154 M, 5.3 ml) were added and the reaction was allowed to proceed overnight at 25 C. After completion of the reaction, toluene was removed and the resultant mixture was extracted with pentane to obtain a yellow solid product (245 mg, yield: 42.5%).

[0102] 1H NMR (500 MHz, Toluene-d8)

[0103] 7.15 (m, 5H), 7.02 (m, 9H), 6.86 (t, 3H), 6.67 (t, 3H), 4.15 (s, 1H), 2.73 (m, 1H), 2.62 (d, 2H), 2.56 (d, 2H), 2.42 (m, 1H), 2.17 (d, 1H), 1.82 (d, 1H), 1.62 (m, 10H), 1.40 (m, 1H), 1.14 (m, 6H), 0.99 (m, 6H)

Example 1

Preparation of Ethylene-1-Butene Copolymer

[0104] In a 1.5 L autoclave continuous process reactor, a hexane solvent (6.03 kg/h) and 1-butene (0.70 kg/h) were added, and the temperature of the upper end of the reactor was pre-heated to 145 C. A triisobutylaluminum compound (0.03 mmol/min), the first metallocene catalyst (0.4 mol/min) prepared in Preparation Example 1, the second metallocene catalyst (0.4 mol/min) prepared in Preparation Example 2, and dimethylanilinium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate cocatalyst (2.4 mol/min) were simultaneously introduced into the reactor. Then, ethylene (0.87 kg/h) was introduced in the autoclave reactor, and the reaction mixture was maintained under a pressure of 89 bar at 120 C. for 30 minutes or more, and then a copolymerization reaction was performed in a continuous process to produce an ethylene-1-butene copolymer as an olefin-based copolymer. Next, the remaining ethylene gas was withdrawn and the polymer solution was dried in a vacuum oven for 12 hours or more, and then the physical properties were measured.

Example 2

Preparation of Ethylene-1-Butene Copolymer

[0105] In a 1.5 L autoclave continuous process reactor, a hexane solvent (5.86 kg/h) and 1-butene (0.80 kg/h) were added, and the temperature of the upper end of the reactor was pre-heated to 140 C. A triisobutylaluminum compound (0.035 mmol/min), the first metallocene catalyst (0.35 mol/min) prepared in Preparation Example 1, the second metallocene catalyst (0.35 mol/min) prepared in Preparation Example 2, and dimethylanilinium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate cocatalyst (2.1 mol/min) were simultaneously introduced into the reactor. Then, ethylene (0.87 kg/h) was introduced in the autoclave reactor, and the reaction mixture was maintained under a pressure of 89 bar at 120 C. for 30 minutes or more, and then a copolymerization reaction was performed in a continuous process to produce an ethylene-1-octene copolymer as an olefin-based copolymer. Next, the remaining ethylene gas was withdrawn and the polymer solution was dried in a vacuum oven for 12 hours or more, and then the physical properties were measured.

Example 3

Preparation of Ethylene-1-Butene Copolymer

[0106] In a 1.5 L, autoclave continuous process reactor, a hexane solvent (5.86 kg/h) and 1-butene (0.80 kg/h) were added, and the temperature of the upper end of the reactor was pre-heated to 141 C. A triisobutylaluminum compound (0.03 mmol/min), the first metallocene catalyst (0.5 mol/min) prepared in Preparation Example 1, the second metallocene catalyst (0.5 mol/min) prepared Preparation Example 2, and dimethylanilinium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate cocatalyst (1.5 mol/min) were simultaneously introduced into the reactor. Then, ethylene (0.87 kg/h) was introduced in the autoclave reactor, and the reaction mixture was maintained under a pressure of 89 bar at 120 C. for 30 minutes or more, and then a copolymerization reaction was performed in a continuous process to produce an ethylene-1-octene copolymer as an olefin-based copolymer. Next, the remaining ethylene gas was withdrawn and the polymer solution was dried in a vacuum oven for 12 hours or more, and then the physical properties were measured.

Comparative Example 1

[0107] An olefin-based elastomer commercial product (trade name: LC175; ethylene-1-butene random copolymer) from LG Chem. Ltd. was used as Comparative Example 1.

[0108] Method for Measuring Physical Properties

[0109] The physical properties of the respective olefin-based copolymers of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were measured and evaluated by the methods described below.

[0110] 1) CFC Analysis and Calculation of Integral Area of Each Peak

[0111] CFC (Cross-Fractionation Chromatography) equipment from Polymer Char was used, and the measurement was carried out in the range of 20 C. to 130 C. using o-dichlorobenzene as a solvent. Specifically, a copolymer sample was dissolved in an o-dichlorobenzene solvent concentration of 5.0% w/v at 130 C. and the resultant solution was cooled up to 20 C. at a rate of 0.50 C./min. Then, the temperature was increased by heating from 20 C. to 130 C. at a heating rate of 1 C./min, and the concentration of an eluted polymer was measured while flowing the o-dichlorobenzene solvent in the column at the flowing rate of 0.5 mL/min.

[0112] Through such measurement and analysis, the analytical results as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 were derived for Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, and the central peak temperature of each peak was measured and the results are summarized in Table 1 below.

[0113] In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, a peak area for each peak was obtained, and a lower area of each peak was obtained, thereby calculating the integral area and fraction ratio of each peak. The results are summarized in Table 1 together.

[0114] 2) Analysis on the Number of Short-Chain Branches (SCB) Per 1,000 Carbon Atoms

[0115] Each copolymer was analyzed by CFC to derive a distribution curve showing the number of short-chain branches per 1,000 carbon atoms according to the molecular weight of the polymer chains. For reference, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and summarized in the following explanatory notes, when each copolymer was analyzed by CFC, the value of CH.sub.3 per 1,000 carbon atoms can be automatically calculated together with the molecular weight, and the number of short-chain branches per 1,000 carbon atoms can be calculated from the value CH.sub.3 per 1,000 carbon atoms.

[0116] In the explanatory notes above, wt % (interpolated) represents the cumulative amount of the polymer by elution temperature contained in the copolymer and each fraction, dW/dT is a graph showing the content (concentration) of the polymer eluted at each elution temperature (a graph for identifying/deriving the first to third peaks and the like of one embodiment), Log (Mw) represents a Log value of the molecular weight of the polymer eluted at each elution temperature, and CH.sub.3/1000 C represents a value of CH.sub.3 per 1000 carbon atoms (the number of short-chain branches per 1000 carbon atoms).

[0117] In this manner, the number of short-chain branches per 1,000 carbon atoms was calculated for the second fraction of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 (in Comparative Example 1, a fraction corresponding to a single peak), and the calculated results are shown together in FIGS. 1 to 4. The average number of short-chain branches of each copolymer was calculated and shown in Table 1.

[0118] 3) Melt Index (MI)

[0119] The melt index (MI) of the copolymers of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 was measured according to ASTM D-1238 (condition E, 190 C., load of 2.16 kg) using D4002HV instrument from Dynisco.

[0120] 4) Density

[0121] For the copolymers of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, the density was measured at a temperature of 23 C. according to ASTM D1505 standard using an XS104 instrument from Mettler Toledo.

[0122] 5) Melting Point (Tm)

[0123] The temperature was maintained at 30 C. for 1 minute, and then increased to 200 C. at a rate of 20 C./min and maintained at that temperature for 2 minutes. Then, the temperature was decreased to 100 C. at a rate of 10 C./min and maintained at that temperature for 1 minute. Then, the temperature was increased again to 200 C. at a rate of 10 C./min, and the apex of DSC (Differential Scanning calorimeter, Q100 manufactured by TA) curve was determined as the melting point. The melting point was measured in a section where a second temperature increases, and the measurement results were used.

[0124] 6) Weight Average Molecular Weight and Molecular Weight Distribution (Polydispersity: PDI)

[0125] Each of a number average molecular weight (Mn) and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) was measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and the weight average molecular weight was divided by the number average molecular weight to calculate molecular weight distribution.

[0126] The physical properties of the copolymers of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, which were measured by the above method, are summarized in Table 1 below.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Second First peak Second peak Third peak fraction Central Central Central SCB Melting peak Fraction peak Fraction peak Fraction MI Density (average point temperature ratio temperature ratio temperature ratio (g/10 min) (g/cc) Mw PDI number) ( C.) ( C.) (%) ( C.) (%) ( C.) (%) Example 1 1.0 0.873 Not Not 50 123.3 2.5 64.6 75 19.1 89.0 16.2 measured measured Example 2 2.0 0.872 Not Not 59.8 122.8 7.9 60.9 80.1 17.6 88.9 21.4 measured measured Example 3 1.3 0.870 100656 2.31 58.6 122.2 6.0 67.4 52.0 15.0 89.1 17 Comparative 1.1 0.868 86890 2.15 45 42 14.4 100 * only single peak exists Example 1

[0127] Referring to Table 1 and FIGS. 1 to 4, it was confirmed that when analyzed by cross-fractionation chromatography, the copolymers of Examples 1 to 3 exhibited three peaks at a predetermined temperature and satisfied novel crystalline structure and properties that the fraction ratio of the second fraction corresponding to the second peak is in the range of 7 to 25%. In contrast, in the case of Comparative Example 1, only a single peak was confirmed.

[0128] Test Example

[0129] 20 wt % of the olefin-based copolymer of Example 3 or Comparative Example 1 and 80 wt % of polypropylene (trade name: M1600, LG Chem. Ltd.) were mixed to prepare a specimen. More specifically, first, the above components were homogeneously mixed using a Henschel mixer, and then pelletized with a co-rotating twin screw extruder and the specimen for measuring physical properties was prepared using an injection machine.

[0130] For these specimens, the flexural strength, flexural modulus, tensile strength, impact strength at low temperature and normal temperature, and shrinkage were measured by the following methods, and the results are summarized in Table 2 below.

[0131] 1) Flexural strength and flexural modulus: measured according to ASTM D 790 standard using an INSTRON 3365 instrument.

[0132] 2) Tensile strength: measured according to ASTM D 639 standard using an INSTRON 4465 instrument.

[0133] 3) Normal-temperature Izod impact strength (IZOD, @ 23 C.): measured under the conditions of ASTM D 256, , 235 C.

[0134] 4) Low-temperature Izod impact strength (IZOD, @ 30 C.): measured under the conditions of ASTM D 256, , 205 C.

[0135] 5) Shrinkage: The specimens were prepared by injection molding through a mold having a length of 130 mm and then stored at room temperature for 12 hours.

[0136] After 12 hours, the length of the specimens was measured and then the shrinkage percentage was calculated according to the following Equation.

[0137] Shrinkage (%)=[(measured length130)/130]*100

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Comparative Sample Example 1 Example 3 Flexural strength (kgf/cm.sup.2) 245 251 Flexural modulus (Secant 1%) 8103 8437 (kgf/cm.sup.2) Tensile strength (kgf/cm.sup.2) 185 188 Low-temperature impact strength 7.13 8.00 (20 C.) (kgf .Math. m/m) Normal-temperature impact 61.88 64.51 strength (23 C.) (kgf .Math. m/m) Shrinkage ( 1/1000) 13.4 13.9

[0138] Referring to Table 2 above, it was confirmed that the specimen containing the copolymer of Example 3 exhibited more improved impact strength and tensile strength while other physical properties were equal to or higher than those of the specimen containing the copolymer of Comparative Example 1.