SYSTEM FOR DISABLING MILLING DRUM OF MILLING MACHINE

Abstract

A milling machine for milling a roadway surface includes a frame and a milling drum that is mounted for rotation with respect to the frame. A primary drum drive assembly is operatively attached to the milling drum and adapted to rotate the milling drum, and a ground-engaging drive assembly that is adapted to drive the milling machine along the roadway surface. A lifting column is attached at its upper end to the frame and at its lower end to the ground-engaging drive assembly. The lifting column includes a linear actuator which can be operated to raise and lower the frame of the machine with respect to the roadway surface. A sensor that is associated with the lifting column is adapted to determine if the lifting column is not supporting a portion of the weight of the milling machine sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any part of the weight of the milling machine. A controller is operatively attached to the primary drum drive assembly and to the sensor. The controller is adapted to receive from the sensor a signal indicating that the lifting column is not supporting the portion of the weight of the milling machine that is sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any part of the weight of the milling machine, and upon receipt of such signal, to stop the rotation of the milling drum.

Claims

1. A milling machine for milling a roadway surface, said milling machine having a milling machine weight and further comprising: (a) a frame; (b) a milling assembly comprising: (i) a drum housing that is attached to the frame; (ii) a milling drum that is mounted within the milling drum housing and adapted for rotation about a substantially horizontal axis; (iii) a primary drum drive assembly that is operatively attached to the milling drum and adapted to rotate the milling drum; (c) a ground-engaging drive assembly that is adapted to drive the milling machine along the roadway surface; (d) a lifting column that is attached at its upper end to the frame and at its lower end to the ground-engaging drive assembly, said lifting column including a linear actuator which can be operated to raise and lower the frame of the machine with respect to the roadway surface; (e) a sensor that is: (i) associated with the lifting column; (ii) adapted to determine if the lifting column is not supporting a portion of the weight of the milling machine sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any part of the weight of the milling machine; (iii) adapted to generate a signal indicating that the lifting column is not supporting the portion of the weight of the milling machine sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any part of the weight of the milling machine; (f) a controller that is: (i) operatively attached to the primary drum drive assembly; (ii) adapted to control the primary drum drive assembly in order to stop the rotation of the milling drum; (iii) operatively attached to the sensor; (iv) adapted to receive the signal indicating that the lifting column is not supporting the portion of the weight of the milling machine sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any part of the weight of the milling machine; (v) adapted to stop the rotation of the milling drum when the signal received from the sensor indicates that the lifting column is not supporting the portion of the weight of the milling machine sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any part of the weight of the milling machine.

2. The milling machine of claim 1: (a) which includes a right front ground-engaging drive assembly that is adapted to drive the milling machine along the roadway surface; (b) which includes a right front lifting column that is attached at its upper end to the frame and at its lower end to the right front ground-engaging drive assembly, said right front lifting column including a right front linear actuator which can be operated to raise and lower the frame of the machine with respect to the roadway surface; (c) which includes a left front ground-engaging drive assembly that is adapted to drive the milling machine along the roadway surface; (d) which includes a left front lifting column that is attached at its upper end to the frame and at its lower end to the left front ground-engaging drive assembly, said left front lifting column including a left front linear actuator which can be operated to raise and lower the frame of the machine with respect to the roadway surface; (e) wherein the ground-engaging drive assembly of claim 1 comprises a rear ground-engaging drive assembly; (f) wherein the lifting column of claim 1 comprises a rear lifting column: (i) which includes an inner leg tube having a lower end to which the rear ground-engaging drive assembly is attached; (ii) which includes an outer leg tube which is fixed to the frame and which has a top bracket, said outer leg tube being adapted for axial movement with respect to the inner leg tube; (iii) wherein the linear actuator comprises a rear linear actuator which is attached at its upper end to the outer leg tube and at its lower end to the inner leg tube, said rear linear actuator being adapted to move the outer leg tube with respect to the inner leg tube; (iv) wherein the sensor is associated with the rear lifting column.

3. A milling machine for milling a roadway surface, said milling machine having a milling machine weight and further comprising: (a) a frame; (b) a milling assembly comprising: (i) a drum housing that is attached to the frame; (ii) a milling drum that is mounted within the milling drum housing and adapted for rotation about a substantially horizontal axis; (c) a primary drum drive assembly that is operatively attached to the milling drum and adapted to rotate the milling drum within the drum housing; (d) a ground-engaging drive assembly that is adapted to drive the milling machine along the roadway surface; (e) a lifting column that is attached at its upper end to the frame and at its lower end to the ground-engaging drive assembly, said lifting column: (i) being adapted to support a portion of the weight of the milling machine which is sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any part of the weight of the milling machine; (ii) including a linear actuator which can be operated to raise and lower the frame of the machine with respect to the roadway surface; (f) a load cell sensor that is: (i) associated with the lifting column; (ii) adapted to measure a load or strain on the lifting column; (iii) adapted to generate a signal indicative of the load or strain measured by the load cell sensor; (g) a controller that is: (i) operatively attached to the primary drum drive assembly; (ii) adapted to control the primary drum drive assembly in order to stop the rotation of the milling drum; (iii) operatively attached to the load cell sensor; (iv) adapted to receive the signal indicative of the load or strain measured by the load cell sensor from the load cell sensor; (v) adapted to stop the rotation of the milling drum when the signal received from the load cell sensor indicates that that the lifting column is not supporting the portion of the weight of the milling machine that is sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any part of the weight of the milling machine.

4. The milling machine of claim 3 wherein: (a) axial deformation sensed by the load cell sensor is a function of the weight of the milling machine supported by the lifting column with which the load cell sensor is associated; (b) the load cell sensor is adapted to transmit to the controller a continuous voltage signal that varies as the sensed axial deformation changes; (c) the controller will interpret the continuous voltage signal as indicating a decrease in the weight of the milling machine supported by the lifting column if the signal from the load cell sensor falls below a predetermined voltage value.

5. The milling machine of claim 3: (a) which includes a right front ground-engaging drive assembly that is adapted to drive the milling machine along the roadway surface; (b) which includes a right front lifting column that is attached at its upper end to the frame and at its lower end to the right front ground-engaging drive assembly, said right front lifting column including a right front linear actuator which can be operated to raise and lower the frame of the machine with respect to the roadway surface; (c) which includes a left front ground-engaging drive assembly that is adapted to drive the milling machine along the roadway surface; (d) which includes a left front lifting column that is attached at its upper end to the frame and at its lower end to the left front ground-engaging drive assembly, said left front lifting column including a left front linear actuator which can be operated to raise and lower the frame of the machine with respect to the roadway surface; (e) wherein the ground-engaging drive assembly comprises a rear ground-engaging drive assembly; (f) wherein the lifting column comprises a rear lifting column: (i) which includes an inner leg tube having a lower end to which the rear ground-engaging drive assembly is attached; (ii) which includes an outer leg tube which is fixed to the frame and which has a top bracket, said outer leg tube being adapted for axial movement with respect to the inner leg tube; (iii) wherein the linear actuator comprises a rear linear actuator which is attached at its upper end to the outer leg tube and at its lower end to the inner leg tube, said rear linear actuator being adapted to move the outer leg tube axially with respect to the inner leg tube; (iv) wherein the load cell sensor is attached to the upper end of the rear linear actuator at the top bracket.

6. The milling machine of claim 5: (a) which includes a U-shaped bracket having a bend and a pair of legs; (b) wherein the top bracket has an upper surface; (c) wherein one end of the load cell sensor is integrally attached to the bend of the U-shaped bracket; (d) wherein the legs of the U-shaped bracket space the attached end of the load cell sensor away from the upper surface of the top bracket.

7. The milling machine of claim 6 wherein the U-shaped bracket is adapted to: (a) position the attached end of the load cell sensor out of contact with the upper surface of the top bracket by a predetermined clearance; (b) prevent rotation of the load cell sensor.

8. The milling machine of claim 7 wherein: (a) the rear lifting column has a long axis along which the outer leg tube moves with respect to the inner leg tube; (b) the U-shaped bracket is adapted to create a pivot line about which the load cell sensor can pivot with respect to an axis that is perpendicular to the long axis of the rear lifting column.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The presently preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like parts throughout, and wherein:

[0026] FIG. 1 is a side view of a milling machine which includes the invention.

[0027] FIG. 2 is a top view of the milling machine shown in FIG. 1.

[0028] FIG. 3 is a front view of certain components of the primary drive assembly for the milling drum of the milling machine illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0029] FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the rear lifting column of the milling machine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, with a side panel removed to illustrate certain components of the lifting column.

[0030] FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the rear lifting column shown in FIG. 4.

[0031] FIG. 6 is a side view of a portion of the lifting column shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

[0032] FIG. 7 is a sectional view through the portion of the lifting column shown in FIG. 6, taken along the line 7-7 of FIG. 6.

[0033] FIG. 8 is a top view of the portion of the lifting column shown in FIG. 6.

[0034] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a sensor that is a part of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

[0035] This description of a preferred embodiment of the invention is intended to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, which are to be considered part of the entire written description of this invention. The drawing figures are not necessarily to scale, and certain features of the invention may be shown exaggerated in scale or in somewhat schematic form in the interest of clarity and conciseness.

[0036] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a milling machine that is equipped with a preferred embodiment of the invention is indicated generally at 20. This machine comprises a mobile vehicle having a frame 22 and a plurality of ground-engaging drive assemblies that are attached to lifting columns, including right front track drive assembly 24 which is attached to lifting column 26, a left front track drive assembly (not shown but substantially similar to right front track drive assembly 24) and center rear track drive assembly 28 which is attached to lifting column 30. As is known to those having ordinary skill in the art, the milling machine may include four ground-engaging drive assemblies, and the ground-engaging drive assemblies may be wheel-driven instead of track-driven. Preferably, at least the front drive assemblies are steerable to provide precise directional control.

[0037] Milling machine 20 also includes a milling assembly comprising a generally cylindrical milling drum 32 having a plurality of cutting teeth (not shown) mounted around its periphery. The milling drum is rotated about a substantially-horizontal axis of rotation within drum housing 33 on frame 22 by primary drum drive assembly 34. This primary drum drive assembly includes drive belt 35 that is operatively attached to and is driven by an engine drive shaft of diesel engine 36, as shown schematically in FIG. 3, on which engine drive sheave 37 is mounted. Drive belt 35 is also operatively attached to drum sheave 38 on an input drive shaft for milling drum 32. In other embodiments of the invention (not shown), the primary drum drive assembly comprises one or more hydraulic motors (not shown) and a drive belt that engages a sheave on an input shaft for the milling drum. Gear box 39 is located between drum sheave 38 and the milling drum (not shown in FIG. 3) in both the primary drum drive assembly comprising a direct engine drive shown in the drawings, and in a primary drum drive assembly that includes one or more hydraulic motors. Gear box 39 includes a gear train and an output drive shaft on which the milling drum is rotated. The gear box thus allows for rotation of the output drive shaft for the milling drum at a speed and torque that is different from that of the input drive shaft. Primary drum drive assembly 34 also includes a belt tensioning assembly including tensioning sheave 40, which is pivotally mounted within the primary drum drive assembly, and tensioning actuator 41 that is operatively attached to the tensioning sheave. Tensioning actuator 41 is a linear actuator that may be employed to move tensioning sheave 40 in order to increase or decrease the tension of drive belt 35.

[0038] Milling drum 32 is adapted for cutting a width of material from the surface in the path of the machine as milling machine 20 travels in milling direction M (shown in FIG. 1), and for depositing the milled material on first conveyor 42, which carries it to second conveyor 44 for discharge into a truck. A machine drive system comprises a conventional hydraulic motor (not shown) for each of the ground-engaging drive assemblies. Each of these hydraulic drive motors, and the hydraulic motors for operating conveyors 42 and 44 are operatively attached to a conventional hydraulic circuit including a hydraulic pump (not shown), which hydraulic pump is driven by diesel engine 36.

[0039] A linear actuator, such as linear actuator 45 shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 7, is mounted within each of the lifting columns of the ground-engaging drive assemblies and is adapted to move the frame of the milling machine vertically with respect to the ground-engaging drive assemblies. Thus, the linear actuators within the lifting columns are adapted to raise the frame of the milling machine and the milling drum with respect to the roadway surface, or to lower the frame and the milling drum with respect to the roadway surface.

[0040] Milling machine 20 is operated by an operator in operator's station 46 which includes controller 47. Controller 47 may embody a single microprocessor or multiple microprocessors that include components for controlling the invention, including primary drum drive assembly 34 for rotation of milling drum 32 and the machine drive system, as well as other operations of milling machine 20 based on input from an operator of the milling machine and on sensed or other known operational parameters. Thus, for example, controller 47 is operatively connected to a throttle assembly 48 (shown schematically in FIG. 3) for diesel engine 36 and hydraulic clutch assembly 49 (also shown schematically in FIG. 3) for engine 36 and is adapted to control the speed and operation of the diesel engine. Controller 47 is also operatively connected to the hydraulic pump or pumps in the conventional hydraulic circuit for milling machine 20 and to the valves for controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic circuit to the various components within the circuit, such as linear actuator 45 and the other linear actuators in the lifting columns, the actuators that control the movement of certain components of machine 20 including conveyors 42 and 44, and the various hydraulic motors in the hydraulic circuit.

[0041] Controller 47 is preferably programmed with information about the various relative positions, configurations and dimensions of the milling drum with respect to the frame, and the lifting columns supporting the ground-engaging drive assemblies, including the linear actuators contained within the lifting columns, so that controller 47 can determine the specific adjustments in the elevations of the lifting columns that are required to maintain the desired cut depth.

[0042] Controller 47 includes or is associated with a memory, and it will preferably include a data input component such as a touch screen, a keyboard and/or a plurality of actuating buttons for receiving input from an operator of the milling machine. Controller 47 may also include a data output component such as a display screen, a secondary storage device, a processor and other components for running an application. Various circuits may be associated with and operatively connected to the controller, such as power supply circuitry and hydraulic circuitry. Numerous commercially available microprocessors can be configured to perform the functions of controller 47. It should be appreciated that the controller could readily be embodied in a general purpose computer or machine microprocessor capable of controlling numerous milling machine functions.

[0043] FIGS. 4-9 illustrate a preferred embodiment of certain components of an assembly for automatically stopping the rotation of milling drum 32 if the system determines that rear lifting column 30 is not supporting the weight of the milling machine by a predetermined amount that is sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any portion of the weight of the milling machine. Thus, as shown therein, rear lifting column 30 comprises inner leg tube 50 having a bracket 52 on its lower end to which track drive assembly 28 is attached. The upper end of outer leg tube 54 is fixed to frame 22 of milling machine 20, and inner leg tube 50 is disposed within the outer leg tube. Linear actuator 45 is disposed within the inner leg tube, as best shown in FIG. 7, and is attached at its upper end to the outer leg tube and at its lower end to the inner leg tube, so that operation of linear actuator 45 will cause the outer leg tube to move axially with respect to the inner leg tube, thereby moving frame 22 with respect to rear track drive assembly 28. The upper end of linear actuator 45 has a hole 56 (shown in FIG. 7) which is aligned with holes 58 in top bracket 60 of outer leg tube 54. Load cell sensor 62 is placed through the holes 58 in top bracket 60 and through hole 56 in the upper end of the linear actuator.

[0044] As shown in FIGS. 5-9, load cell sensor 62 is preferably oriented generally perpendicular to long axis L of rear lifting column 30, i.e., the axis along which outer leg tube 54 moves with respect to inner leg tube 50. One end of load cell sensor 62 is integrally attached to the bend of U-shaped bracket 64, as shown in FIG. 9, and the legs 66 of U-shaped bracket 64 serve to space the attached end of load cell sensor 62 away from the upper surface of top bracket 60 and to create a pivot line P about which the load cell sensor can pivot with respect to an axis that is perpendicular to long axis L of the rear lifting column. Thus, U-shaped bracket 64 is adapted to position the end of the load cell sensor out of contact with the top bracket 60 by a predetermined clearance and to prevent rotation of the load cell sensor. Consequently, load cell sensor 62, as placed through the upper end of linear actuator 45, is positioned to measure the load or strain on rear lifting column 30. Load cell sensor 62 is operatively attached to controller 47 and is adapted to send signals indicative of the load or strain on the lifting column to the controller.

[0045] During normal operation of the milling machine, the linear actuators within the lifting columns control the axial positions of the outer leg tubes with respect to the inner leg tubes in order to properly locate the milling drum with respect to the roadway surface. Thus, for example, linear actuator 45 within rear lifting column 30 controls the axial position of outer leg tube 54 with respect to inner leg tube 50. The weight of milling machine 20 is supported by the components of the vertical lifting columns including rear lifting column 30. By virtue of the mounting of load cell sensor 62 with respect to linear actuator 45 as shown in the drawings, the axial deformation of load cell sensor 62, i.e. deformation along axis A shown in FIG. 9, is a function of the portion of the weight of the milling machine that is supported by lifting column 30. Thus, load cell sensor 62 is adapted to transmit to controller 47 a continuous voltage signal that varies as the sensed axial deformation changes. If the signal from the load cell sensor falls below a predetermined value, controller 47 will interpret this signal as indicating a decrease in the load on lifting column 30 to which the load cell sensor is attached, and thus a decrease in the portion of the weight of milling machine 20 that is supported by the lifting column. When controller 47 determines that lifting column 30 is not supporting a portion of the weight of the milling machine that is sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not carrying any portion of the weight of the milling machine, controller 47 will stop the operation of the primary drum drive assembly to rotate milling drum 32, by disengaging the hydraulic clutch assembly 49, or by other means.

[0046] Although the preferred embodiment of the invention locates the load cell sensor in a single rear lifting column, load cell sensors may be located in both rear lifting columns, if the milling machine is so equipped, and/or in one or both of the front lifting columns.

[0047] The invention thus provides a simple system for automatically stopping the rotation of the milling drum if the system determines that the milling drum is not being sufficiently supported by a lifting column, thereby preventing a lurch backwards or a lurch forwards of the milling machine, depending on the direction of rotation of the milling drum. The invention includes a sensor that is associated with the lifting column and adapted to determine if the lifting column is not supporting a portion of the weight of the milling machine that is sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any part of the weight of the milling machine. The sensor is also adapted to generate a signal indicating that the lifting column is not supporting the portion of the weight of the milling machine sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any part of the weight of the milling machine, and to transmit this signal to a controller that is operatively attached to the primary drum drive assembly. The controller is adapted to stop the rotation of the milling drum when the signal received from the sensor indicates that the lifting column is not supporting the portion of the weight of the milling machine sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any part of the weight of the milling machine.

[0048] A preferred embodiment of the invention employs a load cell sensor such as sensor 62 that is associated with a lifting column such as rear lifting column 30. The load cell sensor is adapted to measure a load or strain on the lifting column, and to transmit to the controller a signal indicative of the load or strain measured by the load cell sensor. In this embodiment of the invention, the controller is adapted to receive the signal indicative of the load or strain measured by the load cell sensor from the load cell sensor, and to stop the rotation of the milling drum when the signal received from the load cell sensor indicates that the lifting column is no longer supporting the portion of the weight of the milling machine that is sufficient to insure that the milling drum is not supporting any part of the weight of the milling machine.

[0049] Although this description contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention but as merely providing an illustration of the presently preferred embodiments thereof, as well as the best mode contemplated by the inventors of carrying out the invention. The invention, as described herein, is susceptible to various modifications and adaptations as would be appreciated by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the invention relates.