Refractory ceramic lining brick and corresponding refractory ceramic lining

Abstract

The invention relates to a refractory ceramic lining brick and a corresponding ceramic refractory lining.

Claims

1. Refractory ceramic lining brick (B) comprising: 1.1 an upper main surface (U), 1.2 a lower main surface (L), 1.3 an inner surface (I) configurable in facing relation toward a high temperature treating chamber, 1.4 an outer surface (O) configurable in facing relation away from the treating chamber, 1.5 two side surfaces (S1, S2), all being distinct to each other, 1.6 at least one hole (H) extending from the upper main surface (U) to the lower main surface (L) and able to accommodate a fixation rod (R) inserted into said hole (H) such that the brick is movable in three coordinate directions relative to the rod, 1.7 wherein the outer surface (O) and the lower main surface (L) provide an interjacent angle () smaller than 90.

2. Refractory ceramic lining brick (B) according to claim 1, wherein the hole (H) extends perpendicular to at least one of said upper main surface (U) or lower main surface (L) respectively.

3. Refractory ceramic lining brick (B) according to claim 1, wherein the hole (H) has a cross-section being larger than the cross section of the corresponding rod (R) to provide a clearance (C) between hole (H) and rod (R) in the mounting state.

4. Refractory ceramic lining brick (B) according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the upper main surface (U) , lower main surface (L) or side surfaces (S1, S2) being planar.

5. Refractory ceramic lining brick (B) according to claim 1, wherein the hole (H) is arranged offset between the inner surface (I) and the outer surface (O).

6. Refractory ceramic lining brick (B) according to claim 1, wherein the hole (H) is arranged offset between the two side surfaces (S1, S2).

7. Refractory ceramic lining brick (B) according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface (O) and the lower main surface (L) provide an interjacent angle () smaller than 85.

8. Refractory ceramic lining brick (B) according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface (O) and the lower main surface (L) provide an interjacent angle () larger than 75.

9. Refractory ceramic lining brick (B) according to claim 1, wherein the upper main surface (U) has an overall shape of the group comprising: square, rectangle, trapezoid, segment of a circle, T, double T, L.

10. A refractory ceramic lining (L), made of a multiplicity of refractory ceramic lining bricks (B) according to claim 1, wherein said lining bricks (B) are arranged to a brickwork (BW) such that each rod (R) may be inserted into and through the holes (H) of vertically adjacent lining bricks (B).

11. The refractory ceramic lining (L) according to claim 10, wherein the rods (R) are fixedly secured at their free ends.

12. The refractory ceramic lining (L) according to claim 10, wherein the rods (R) are fixedly secured to a track (T) at least at one of their free ends.

13. The refractory ceramic lining (L) according to claim 12, wherein the rods (R) are fixed to the track (T) with relative movement to each other.

14. The refractory ceramic lining (L) according to claim 10, wherein the brickwork is arranged adjacent to a cooling panel (P) with the proviso that the outer surfaces (O) of said bricks (B) being arranged in facing relation with said cooling panel (P).

Description

(1) The invention will now be described with respect to the attached drawing, which schematically represents one embodiment of the invention, namely in

(2) FIG. 1: A three-dimensional view onto a refractory ceramic lining,

(3) FIG. 2: A vertical cross-sectional view through part of said lining.

(4) FIG. 3: A cross-sectional view of the lower part of the refractory lining

(5) FIGS. 4a-c: A corresponding lining brick in three different views.

(6) FIG. 1 shows a part of a planar outer metal casing, hereinafter called a cooling panel as said casing has a (not disclosed) double wall structure with a cooling fluid like water flowing between the two metal walls.

(7) Said cooling panel P defines an inner wall surface PI which is directed towards a treating chamber TC of a corresponding industrial furnace. In view of the high temperatures (far above 1.000 C.) within said treating chamber TC the metallic cooling panel P is thermally protected by a refractory ceramic lining L, made of a multiplicity of refractory ceramic lining bricks B, wherein said lining bricks B are arranged to a brickwork BW, namely one next to the other in horizontal rows, wherein vertically adjacent rows are offset to each other (FIG. 1).

(8) According to FIG. 4, each brick B comprises an upper main surface U, a lower main surface L, an inner surface I, an outer surface O as well as two side surfaces S1, S2. All of said brick surfaces extend perpendicular to adjacent surface sections except outer surface O as said outer surface O and said lower surface L provide an interjacent angle a of smaller than 90, namely 87. It derives from this: When assembling brickwork BW the lower end of OL of the each outer surface O either touches the inner wall surface PI of cooling panel P or being arranged at least closer to said inner wall surface PI than the upper end OU when the said brick B is horizontally aligned with respect to the vertically aligned panel P.

(9) Each brick B comprises one hole H, extending from the upper main surface U to lower main surface L. Said hole H is arranged offset between the inner surface I and the outer surface O (x2>>x1) and offset between the two side surfaces S1, S2 (x4>x3).

(10) This arrangement of hole H allows an overall arrangement of said brickwork BW according to FIG. 1 wherein holes H of bricks B arranged vertically on top of each other are flush to each other so that a common rod R may be inserted into corresponding holes H (FIG. 1).

(11) A larger diameter D of hole H compared with diameter d of rod R allows a clearance C between rod R and hole H and thus a certain maneuverability of each individual brick B in all three directions of the coordinate system.

(12) Rods R are running through all bricks B of said brickwork BW from the upper most row UR to the lower most row LR. While rods R are fixed at the lower end in one of said bricks B they are fixed at their upper end in a corresponding fin (track T) protruding from the inner wall PI of the cooling panel P and equipped with long slots LS to give the rods R the certain maneuverability parallel to cooling panel P.

(13) FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of bricks B after a corresponding assembly. Because of the inclination of each outer surface O of each brick B a gap G is provided between said outer surface O and inner wall PI of cooling panel P which gap G has a triangular profile in a cross-sectional view according to FIG. 2.

(14) After the corresponding furnace has been set into its operating state each brick B will be heated up correspondingly with a temperature profile between its inner end (starting from inner surface I) to its outer end (at outer surface O). This is followed by a considerable larger thermal expansion at the inner end (the hot end) facing treating chamber TC compared with the outer end (the cold end) facing cooling panel P and, as a consequence, each brick B tends to tilt according to arrows A shown in FIG. 2. Because of clearance C between rod R and hole H such tilting may be achieved without any mechanical stresses in the corresponding brick B. The inclined outer surface O now provides the advantage that, corresponding to the tilting of each brick B, its surface gets closer to the inner wall PI of cooling panel P and thus the cooling effect is increased correspondingly. In FIG. 2 the lower most brick B.sub.x is shown in a position with its outer surface O being in full contact (flush) with inner panel wall PI. Correspondingly its upper surface U.sub.x being arranged in a slidely inclined fashion with its right end (around inner surface I) being higher than its left end (close to outer surface O).

(15) In FIG. 3 a foundation F beneath brickwork BW is schematically represented.