PUMP APPARATUS

Abstract

Aspects of the present invention relate to a stator component for a pump housing. The stator component has a plurality of fluid inlet channels for conveying fluid to respective pumping chambers. The fluid inlet channels each have an inlet port for conveying fluid into the pumping chamber. A plurality of fluid transfer channels are provided for conveying fluid to a respective one of the fluid inlet channels. The fluid transfer channels each have an inlet for receiving pumped fluid. The stator component is adapted to receive at least one sealing member for inhibiting the conveyance of fluid into an associated one of the pumping chambers. Aspects of the present invention relate to a pump housing, a cover plate and a pump. Aspects of the present invention also relate to a method of converting a stator component.

Claims

1. A stator component for a pump housing, the stator component comprising: a plurality of fluid inlet channels for conveying fluid to respective pumping chambers, each fluid inlet channel having an inlet port for conveying fluid into the pumping chamber; and a plurality of fluid transfer channels for conveying fluid to a respective one of the fluid inlet channels, each fluid transfer channel having an inlet for receiving pumped fluid; characterised in that the stator component is adapted to receive at least one sealing member for at least substantially sealing the fluid transfer channel or the inlet port to inhibit the conveyance of pumped fluid into an associated one of the pumping chambers.

2. The stator component as claimed in claim 1 comprising a seat for receiving the sealing member to form a substantially fluid-tight seal.

3. The stator component as claimed in claim 2, wherein the seat comprises or consists of a ring-shaped sealing surface extending at least partway around the inlet port or the fluid transfer channel inlet.

4. The stator component as claimed in claim 2, wherein the seat comprises a recess.

5. The stator component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stator component comprises a first half-shell stator component for fastening to a second half-shell stator component.

6. A stator assembly for a pump housing, the stator assembly comprising a stator component as claimed in claim 1 and a sealing member, the sealing member and the stator component cooperating with each other to inhibit the conveyance of pumped fluid to the pumping chamber.

7. The stator assembly as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sealing member at least substantially seals the fluid transfer channel to inhibit the conveyance of pumped fluid to the fluid inlet channel, the sealing member optionally being disposed at the fluid transfer channel inlet.

8. The stator assembly as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sealing member at least substantially seals the inlet port to inhibit the conveyance of pumped fluid to the pumping chamber.

9. The stator assembly as claimed in claim 8, wherein the sealing member comprises a fluid input inlet for admitting fluid to the pumping chamber from an external fluid source.

10. The stator assembly as claimed in claim 6 comprising a cover plate fastened to the stator component, wherein the sealing member is disposed on the cover plate.

11. The stator assembly as claimed in claim 10, wherein the sealing member is formed integrally with the cover plate.

12. A stator component for a pump housing, the stator component comprising: a plurality of fluid outlet channels for conveying pumped fluid from respective pumping chambers, each fluid outlet channel having an outlet port for receiving pumped fluid from the pumping chamber; and a plurality of fluid transfer channels for conveying fluid from a respective one of the fluid outlet channels, each fluid transfer channel having an outlet for conveying pumped fluid; characterised in that the stator component is adapted to receive a sealing member for inhibiting the conveyance of pumped fluid through the fluid transfer channel outlet.

13. A cover plate for fastening to a stator component of a pump housing, the cover plate comprising a sealing member for locating in a fluid transfer channel of the stator component to inhibit the conveyance of pumped fluid to a pumping chamber.

14. The cover plate as claimed in claim 13, wherein the sealing member is formed integrally with the cover plate.

15. The cover plate as claimed in claim 13 comprising a fluid inlet for admitting fluid to the pumping chamber from an external fluid source.

16. A pump comprising a pump housing having a stator component as claimed in claim 1.

17. The pump as claimed in claim 16, wherein the pump is a multi-stage positive displacement vacuum pump.

18. A method of converting a stator component to receive at least one sealing member, the stator component being for a pump housing and comprising a plurality of fluid inlet channels for conveying fluid to respective pumping chambers, and a plurality of fluid transfer channels for conveying fluid to a respective one of the fluid inlet channels; characterised in that the method comprises forming a seat in the stator component for receiving at least one sealing member to at least substantially seal the fluid transfer channel to inhibit the conveyance of pumped fluid into an associated one of the pumping chambers.

19. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the seat comprises or consists of a ring-shaped sealing surface extending at least partway around an inlet port of one of the fluid inlet channels; and/or the seat comprises or consists of a ring-shaped sealing surface extending at least partway around one of the fluid transfer channel inlets; the forming of the seat may optionally comprise forming a recess in the stator component.

20. (canceled)

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] One or more embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0045] FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a multi-stage vacuum pump in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a stator assembly comprising first and second stator components of the multi-stage vacuum pump shown in FIG. 1;

[0047] FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the first stator component and a recess for receiving a sealing member to seal the inlet port;

[0048] FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of an underside of a cover plate incorporating a sealing member to locate in the seat shown in FIG. 3;

[0049] FIG. 5 shows an end view of the cover plate shown in FIG. 4;

[0050] FIG. 6 shows a variant of the first stator component incorporating a separate sealing member to seal the inlet port;

[0051] FIGS. 7 and 8 shows a further variant of the first stator component incorporating a sealing plate to seal the fluid transfer channel; and

[0052] FIG. 9 shows a known multi-stage vacuum pump.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] A pump housing 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is described herein with reference to the accompanying figures. A pump 3 comprising the pump housing 1 is shown in FIG. 1. The pump 3 may, for example, be a Roots pump. The pump 3 is a multi-stage positive displacement pump. In the present embodiment, the pump 3 is a multi-stage positive displacement vacuum pump.

[0054] The pump housing 1 comprises a first stator component 5, a second stator component 7 and a cover plate 9. As shown in FIG. 2, the first stator component 5 and the second stator component 7 form a stator assembly of the pump housing 1. In the present embodiment, the first and second stator components 5, 7 are respective first and second half-shell stator components. The first stator component 5 is mounted on top of the second stator component 7. As shown in FIG. 1, the cover plate 9 is mounted on an upper surface of the first stator component 5. The first and second stator components 5, 7 and the cover plate 9 are assembled using mechanical fasteners, such as bolts. The first and second stator components 5, 7 are machined, cast or otherwise formed.

[0055] The first and second stator components 5, 7 define a plurality of pumping chambers 11-n in the pump housing 1. The pumping chambers 11-n each form a stage of the pump 3. The pump 3 in the present embodiment has seven (7) pumping chambers 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, . . . 11-7 corresponding to seven (7) stages. In particular, the pump 3 comprises a first stage 12, a second stage 22, a third stage 32, a fourth stage 42, a fifth stage 52, a sixth stage 62 and a seventh stage 72. The stages of the pump 3 are referenced herein in relation to their position within the pump housing 1. The sizes of the pumping chambers 11-n in the pump 3 progressively decrease; the first pumping chamber 11-1 having the largest volume and the seventh pumping chamber 11-7 having the smallest volume. The pump housing 1 comprises a first fluid input inlet 13 connected to the first stage 12; a second fluid input inlet 15 connected to the second stage 22; and an exhaust 17 connected to the seventh stage 72. First and second external fluid sources are connected to the first and second fluid input inlets 13, 15 respectively. In use, the first and second external fluid sources supply first and second fluid flows. As described herein, the fluid pumped through the pump 3 does not necessarily pass through all of the stages 12, 22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72 of the pump 3. Furthermore, the fluid is not necessarily pumped through each of the stages 12, 22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72 in sequence. In a variant, the second fluid input inlet 15 may be connected to one of the other intermediate stages 32, 42, 52, 62.

[0056] The pump 3 in the present embodiment effectively utilises the seven stages as two six-stage pumps. The first six-stage pumps, pumps fluid from the first fluid input inlet 13 via the first stage 12 through the third stage 32, the fourth stage 42, the fifth stage 52, the sixth stage 62 and the seventh stage 72 to exhaust 30. The second six-stage pump introduces fluid through the second fluid input inlet 15 via the second stage 22, through the third stage 32, the fourth stage 42, the fifth stage 52, the sixth stage 62 and the seventh stage 72 to exhaust 30. Thus, in the present embodiment the third stage 32, the fourth stage 42, the fifth stage 52, the sixth stage 62 and the seventh stage 72 are shared by fluid input from each of the first and second fluid input inlets 13, 15. The first stage 12 pumps fluid exclusively input from the first fluid input inlet 13; and the second stage 22 pumps fluid exclusively input from the second fluid input inlet 15.

[0057] The first stator component 5 comprises a plurality of fluid inlet channels 19-n, the fluid inlet channels 19-n each being associated with one of the pumping chambers 11-n. The fluid inlet channels 19-n each comprise an inlet port 21-n for conveying fluid into the associated pumping chambers 11-n. As shown in FIG. 2, the inlet channels 19-n are open on the top (as illustrated) external surface 23 of the first stator component 5. The second stator component 7 comprises a plurality of fluid outlet channels 25-n through which pumped fluid is exhausted. The fluid outlet channels 25-n each have an outlet port (not shown) for exhausting fluid from an associated one of the pumping chambers 11-n. The outlet ports are open on the bottom (as illustrated) external surface 29 of the second stator component 7.

[0058] The first and second stator components 5, 7 define fluid transfer channels 31-n for conveying fluid between the pumping chambers 11-n. In particular, the fluid transfer channels 31-n are configured to convey fluid from the fluid outlet channels 25-n to respective fluid inlet channels 19-n. A first fluid transfer channel 31-1 is arranged to convey fluid from the first outlet channel 25-1 (shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1) of the first pumping chamber 11-1 to the second inlet channel 19-2 of the second pumping chamber 11-2. A second fluid transfer channel 31-2 is arranged to convey fluid from the second outlet channel 25-2 of the second pumping chamber 11-2 to the third inlet channel 19-3 of the third pumping chamber 11-3. This pattern is repeated for each of the pumping chambers 11-n such that, in use, fluid is pumped from the first pumping chamber 11-1 to the seventh pumping chamber 11-7 through each of the intermediate pumping chambers 11-n in sequence.

[0059] Each fluid transfer channel 31-n is formed in both the first stator component 5 and the second stator component 7. A first (upper) section of the fluid transfer channel 31-n is formed in the first stator component 5 to convey fluid to the inlet channel 19-n. A second (lower) section of the fluid transfer channel 31-n is formed in the second stator component 7 to convey fluid from the outlet channel 25-n. The first section of the fluid transfer channel 31-n has a transfer channel inlet 33-n for receiving fluid from a transfer channel outlet formed in the second section of the fluid transfer channel 33-n. In the present embodiment, the inlet fluid transfer channels 31-n extend substantially orthogonal to the top and bottom external surfaces 23, 29 to facilitate manufacture and cleaning.

[0060] The inlet channels 19-n are shaped to convey fluid from the transfer channels 31-n into respective pumping chambers 11-n. The fluid is introduced into the pumping chambers 11-n from the inlet channels 19-n via the inlet ports 21-n. In the present embodiment, each inlet channel 19-n extends in a transverse direction across a substantial part of the width of the pump housing 1. The inlet channels 19-n are in the form of one or more slots (or grooves) formed in the top external surface 23 of the first stator component 5. As shown in FIG. 2, the first and inlet channels 19-1, 19-2 in the present embodiment each comprise a pair of slots separated by an intermediate wall. The cover plate 9 is fastened to the first stator component 5 to close the open top portion of the slots. The second inlet port 21-2 for conveying fluid into the second pumping chamber 11-2 is shown in FIG. 3.

[0061] The outlet channels 25-n are shaped to convey pumped fluid from the outlet ports to respective transfer channels 31-n. The pumped fluid is exhausted from the pumping chambers 11-n through the outlet ports and into the outlet channels 25-n. The outlet channels 25-n may be inclined at an acute angle to a longitudinal axis of the pump housing 1 for conveying pumped fluid to the transfer channel 31-n associated with the next pumping chamber 11-n. Alternatively, or in addition, the transfer channels 31-n may be inclined at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the pump housing 1.

[0062] As outlined above, first and second fluid flows are connected to the first and second fluid input inlets 13, 15. The first fluid input inlet 13 is configured to admit fluid into the first pumping chamber 11-1 from a first external fluid source; and the second fluid input inlet 15 is configured to admit fluid into the second pumping chamber 11-2 from a second external fluid source. The pump 3 in the present embodiment comprises first and second control valves 37, 39 for selectively controlling the supply of fluid to the first and second fluid input inlets 13, 15. The first and second control valves 37, 39 can be controlled independently of each other. A controller may be provided for controlling the first and second control valves 37, 39.

[0063] A diversion channel (or bypass duct) 41 is provided for diverting pumped fluid from the first outlet channel 25-1 to the second outlet channel 25-2. The diversion channel 41 bypasses the first transfer channel 31-1, effectively bypassing the second pumping chamber 11-2. The diversion channel 41 in the present embodiment is formed in the second stator component 7. The diversion channel 41 may, for example, comprise an aperture or a conduit for establishing a fluid pathway between the first and second outlet channels 25-1, 25-2. The fluid is diverted from the first outlet channel 25-1 to the second outlet channel 25-2 and admitted into the second transfer channel 31-2. In a variant, the diversion channel 41 may be configured to convey fluid from the first pumping chamber 11-1 to one of the other pumping chambers 11-n. For example, the diversion channel 41 could be configured to connect the first outlet channel 25-1 with the third outlet channel 25-3.

[0064] The pump housing 1 comprises a sealing member 43 (shown in FIG. 1) for inhibiting the conveyance of fluid from the first pumping chamber 11-1 to the second pumping chamber 11-2 via the first transfer channel 31-1. In the present embodiment, the sealing member 43 is configured at least substantially to seal the second inlet port 21-2 through which fluid is conveyed into the second pumping chamber 11-2. The sealing member 43 is in the form of an insert which extends around the perimeter of the second inlet port 21-2. As shown in FIG. 3, the first stator component 5 comprises a seat 45 for cooperating with the sealing member 43 to form the seal. The seat 45 in the present embodiment comprises a recess for receiving a portion of the sealing member 43. The seat 45 defines a sealing surface 47 for cooperating with the sealing member 43. The sealing member 43 thereby forms a seal operative to inhibit the conveyance of fluid through the second inlet port 21-2. In the present embodiment, the sealing member 43 is formed integrally with the cover plate 9. The sealing member 43 is fastened in position when the pump housing 1 is assembled. By forming the sealing member 43 and the cover plate 9 integrally, the sealing member 43 cannot be omitted when the pump housing 1 is assembled. In a variant, the sealing member 43 may be a separate component, for example mounted to the cover plate 9. The pump housing 1 may comprise sealing means, such as a sealant or a gasket, to enhance the seal established by the sealing member 43.

[0065] The sealing member 43 in the present embodiment also forms the second fluid input inlet 15 to admit fluid into the second pumping chamber 11-2 from the second external fluid source. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the second fluid input inlet 15 comprises an inlet aperture 49 extending through the cover plate 9. The cover plate 9 comprises a connector 51 for connecting the second external fluid source. In the present embodiment, the connector 51 is formed integrally with the cover plate 9. The inlet aperture 49 extends through the connector 51. The connector 51 comprises one or more fasteners (not shown) for connecting the second external fluid source.

[0066] The pump housing 1 is assembled by mounting the first stator component 5 on the second stator component 7 to form the pumping chambers 11-n. The cover plate 9 is fastened to the first stator component 5. The sealing member 43 locates in the seat 45 and seals the second inlet port 21-2. The sealing member 43 forms the second fluid input inlet 15 for receiving fluid from a second external source.

[0067] The operation of the pump 3 will now be described. A first fluid flow is supplied to the first pumping chamber 11-1 via the first fluid input inlet 13. A second fluid flow is supplied to the second pumping chamber 11-1 via the second fluid input inlet 15. The first and second control valves 37, 39 are actuated to control the supply of the first and second fluids. The first and second control valves 37, 39 can be opened simultaneously such that the first and second fluid flows are provided simultaneous to the pump 3. In the present embodiment, the first and second fluids can be mixed within the third pumping chamber 11-3. In a variant, one of the first and second control valves 37, 39 can be opened and the other one of the first and second control valves 37, 39 can be closed. This enables the pump 3 to be configured selectively to pump one of the first and second fluids. The pump 3 is configured to differentially pump multiple chambers. The first inlet 13 configured to connect to a lower vacuum chamber and the second inlet 15 is configured to act as a backing pump for a vacuum pump pumping a higher vacuum chamber. The pump 3 is configured to pump at a higher gas flow rate through the first inlet 13 than through the second inlet 15. The pump 3 is configured to pump a gas flow rate through the first inlet 13 that may be greater than ten (10) times higher than the gas flow rate through the second inlet 15.

[0068] In the above embodiment the sealing member 43 is disposed on the cover plate 9. In a variant, the sealing member 43 may be a separate component which locates in the second fluid inlet channel 19-2 to seal the second inlet port 21-2. This variant is illustrated in FIG. 6. The cover plate 9 is mounted to the first stator component 5, thereby retaining the sealing member 43 in position.

[0069] A further embodiment of the pump housing 1 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. Like reference numerals are used for like components. The description herein will focus on the differences over the previous embodiment.

[0070] The pump housing 1 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, comprises a sealing member 43 for sealing the second inlet port 21-2. In the present embodiment, the sealing member 43 is configured to seal the first transfer channel 31-1. As shown in FIG. 7, the sealing member 43 comprises a sealing plate which is mounted in the transfer channel inlet 33-1. The sealing member 43 is thereby disposed at the interface between the first and second stator components 5, 7. The first stator component 5 comprises a seat 45 for receiving the sealing plate. The seat 45 comprises a recess formed in a lower face of the first stator component 5. The sealing member 43 is fixed in position when the first stator component 5 is fastened to the second stator component 7.

[0071] It will be understood that this embodiment may be modified by forming the seat 45 in the second stator component 5. For example, the seat 45 may be formed in the upper face of the second stator component 7.

[0072] A separate connector 51 may be provided for connecting the second external fluid source to the second pumping chamber 11-2. The connector 51 may, for example, be open to the second inlet channel 19-2.

[0073] As outlined above, the first and second stator components 5, 7 may be formed using appropriate techniques, such as machining and/or casting. According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of converting a first stator component 5 and/or a second stator component 7 of a prior art pump housing 1 to implement at least some of the features described herein.

[0074] An embodiment of the present invention may relate to a method of converting a first stator component 5 comprising a plurality of fluid inlet channels 19-n for conveying fluid to respective pumping chambers 11-n, and a plurality of fluid transfer channels 31-n for conveying fluid to a respective one of the fluid inlet channels 19-n. The conversion process may comprise forming a seat 45 in the stator component 5 for receiving at least one sealing member 43 to inhibit the conveyance of fluid into an associated one of the pumping chambers 11-n. As described herein, the seat 45 may comprise or consist of a ring-shaped sealing surface 47 extending at least partway around an inlet port 21-n of one of the fluid inlet channels 19-n. Alternatively, or in addition, the seat 45 may comprise or consist of a ring-shaped sealing surface 47 extending at least partway around one of the fluid transfer channel inlets 33-n. The seat 45 may be formed by forming a recess in the stator component 5, for example by milling a surface of the first stator component 5. The seat 45 may comprise or consist of a substantially planar surface.

[0075] An embodiment of the present invention may relate to a method of converting a second stator component 7 comprising a plurality of fluid outlet channels 25-n for conveying fluid from pumping chambers 11-n, and a plurality of fluid transfer channels 31-n for conveying pumped fluid from the fluid outlet channels 25-n. The method may comprise forming a diversion channel 41 in the stator component 5 for diverting pumped fluid from a first one of the outlet channels 25-n to a second one of the outlet channels 25-n. The diversion channel 41 may be formed using one or more machining operations, such as drilling and/or milling. As described herein, the outlet channels 25-n are associated with respective pumping chambers 11-n in the assembled pump housing. The first one of the outlet channels 25-n may be associated with a first pumping chamber 11-1 and the second one of the outlet channels 25-n may be associated with a second pumping chamber 11-2. In this arrangement, the diversion channel 41 may be configured to bypass the second pumping chamber 11-2. Alternatively, the outlet channels 25-n may be spaced apart from each other. For example, one or more intermediate outlet channels 25-n may be disposed between the first one of the outlet channels 25-n and the second one of the outlet channels 25-n. In this arrangement, the diversion channel 41 may be configured to bypass the or each intermediate pumping chamber 11-n.

[0076] It will be appreciated that various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present application.

[0077] Although elements have been shown or described as separate embodiments above, portions of each embodiment may be combined with all or part of other embodiments described above.

[0078] Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are described as example forms of implementing the claims.