DEVICE AND METHOD FOR REMOVING PIN BONES FROM A FISH FILLET

Abstract

An apparatus and method for removing pin bones from fish fillets includes at least one pin bone removal device and a conveying device designed to convey the fish fillets past the at least one pin bone removal device. The pin bone removal device includes a rotationally driven profiled roller having a counter-bearing element forming a clamping gap, the roller and the counter-bearing element being designed to grasp the pin bones in the clamping gap by clamping and to remove the bones from the fish fillets by applying tensile force. The counter-bearing element and the roller are designed to be controllably moved with respect to each other by a controller.

Claims

1. Apparatus (10) for removing pin bones (17) from fish fillets (13), comprising at least one pin bone removal device (11) as well as a conveying device (12) configured to convey the fish fillets (13) past the at least one pin bone removal device (1.1), wherein the pin bone removal device (11) comprises a rotationally driven profiled roller (14) having a counter-bearing element (15) forming a clamping gap (16), wherein the roller (14) and the counter-bearing element (15) are designed to grasp the pin bones (17) in the clamping gap (16) by clamping and to remove said bones from the fish fillets (13) by applying tensile force, characterised in that the counter-bearing element (15) and the roller (14) are designed to be controllably moved with respect to each other by control means (18).

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the control means (18) comprise a control device having at least one actuator (19), wherein, by means of the at least one actuator (19), the control device is designed to move the counter-bearing element (15) and the roller (14) with respect to each other, by expanding the clamping gap (16), from a clamping position to a cleaning position and vice versa.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the pin bone removal device (11) is designed to be controllably moved with respect to the conveying device (23) by means of at least one further actuator (20).

4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that the distance between the pin bone removal device (11) and the conveying device (12) is designed to be adjustable.

5. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that a bearing force with which the pin bone removal device (11) acts on the fish fillets (13) is designed to be variably adjustable by the control means (18).

6. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the control means (18) further comprise a position determination device (26) designed to determine the position of the fish fillets (13) conveyed past the pin bone removal device (11).

7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that the position determination device (26) is further designed and configured to determine first points in time at which boneless areas (27) of the fish fillets (13) are conveyed past in the area of the clamping gap (16).

8. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that the position determination device (26) is further designed and configured to determine second points in time at which the area of the clamping gap (16) is free of fish fillets.

9. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterised in that the position determination device (26) is designed to cause the control means (18) to transfer the counter-bearing element (15) to the cleaning position by means of the at least one actuator (19) within specified time intervals, at the first points in time and/or at the second points in time respectively.

10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that the position determination device (26) is further designed to cause the control means (18) to temporarily enlarge the distance between the conveying device (12) and the pin bone removal device (11) by means of the at least one further actuator (20) within the specified time intervals, at the first points in time and/or at the second points in time respectively.

11. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that the counter-bearing element (15) is evasively mounted by means of the at least one actuator (19) under application of a restoring force for clamping the pin bones (17).

12. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterised in that the magnitude of the restoring force applied by the control means (18) is designed to be variably adjustable.

13. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the counter-bearing element (15) is mounted in a floating manner.

14. Method for removing pin bones (17) from fish fillets (13), comprising conveying the fish fillets (13) past at least one pin bone removal device (11) by means of a conveying device (12), grasping the pin bones (17) by clamping by means of the pin bone removal device (11) in a clamping gap (16) formed by a rotationally driven profiled roller (14) and a counter-bearing element (15), applying a tensile force to the pin bones (17) to remove said pin bones (17) from the fish fillets (13), characterised by controlled moving of the counter-bearing element (15) and the roller (14) with respect to each other by control means (18).

15. Method according to claim 14, characterised by activation of at least one actuator (19) by the control means (18) such that the counter-bearing element (15) and the roller (14) are moved with respect to each other, by expanding the clamping gap (16), from a clamping position to a cleaning position and vice versa.

16. Method according to claim 14, characterised by controlled moving of the pin bone removal device (11) with respect to the conveying device (23) by the at least one further actuator (20) activated by the control means (18).

17. Method according to claim 16, characterised in that the distance between the pin bone removal device (11) and the conveying device (12) is pre-settable.

18. Method according to claim 16, characterised in that a bearing force with which the pin bone removal device (11) acts on the fish fillets (13) is designed to be variably adjustable by the control means (18).

19. Method according to claim 14, characterised by determining the position of the fish fillets (13) conveyed past the pin bone removal device (11) by means of a position determination device (26).

20. Method according to claim 19, characterised by determining first points in time at which boneless areas (27) of the fish fillets (13) are conveyed past in the area of the clamping gap (16) by means of the position determination device (26).

21. Method according to claim 19, characterised by determining second points in time at which the area of the clamping gap (16) is free of fish fillets by means of the position determination device (26).

22. Method according to claim 20, characterised by causing the counter-bearing element (15) to be transferred to the cleaning position by the at least one actuator (19) within specified time intervals, at the first points in time and/or at the second points in time respectively.

23. Method according to claim 22, characterised by causing the distance between the conveying device (12) and the pin bone removal device (11) to be temporarily enlarged by the at least one further actuator (20) within the specified time intervals, at the first points in time and/or at the second points in time respectively.

24. Method according to claim 14, characterised by applying a restoring force to the counter-bearing element (15) by means of the at least one actuator (19) for clamping the pin bones (17) such that the counter-bearing element (15) is evasively mounted.

25. Method according to claim 24, characterised in that the magnitude of the restoring force applied to the counter-bearing element (15) by the control means (18) is variably adjustable.

26. Method according to claim 14, characterised by floating mounting of the counter-bearing element (15).

Description

[0034] Further preferred and/or expedient features and embodiments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims and the description. Especially preferred embodiments are explained in greater detail with reference to the attached drawing. The drawing shows:

[0035] FIG. 1 a perspective view of the apparatus according to the invention from a first viewing direction,

[0036] FIG. 2 a perspective view of the apparatus according to the invention from a second viewing direction.

[0037] FIG. 3 a schematic diagram of the apparatus according to the invention in lateral view,

[0038] FIG. 4 a detailed view of the apparatus according to the invention with the counter-bearing element in clamping position,

[0039] FIG. 5 a detailed view of the apparatus according to the invention with the counter-bearing element in cleaning position,

[0040] FIG. 6 a detailed view of the apparatus according to the invention in lowered position,

[0041] FIG. 7 a detailed view of the apparatus according to the invention in raised position,

[0042] FIG. 8 a further detailed view of the apparatus according to the invention with the counter-bearing element in clamping position,

[0043] FIG. 9 a further detailed view of the apparatus according to the invention with the counter-bearing element in cleaning position,

[0044] and

[0045] FIG. 10 the detailed view shown in FIG. 8 viewed from below.

[0046] In the following, the apparatus according to the invention will be explained in greater detail based on the figures referred to at the outset. To avoid repetition, the apparatus according to the invention will be explained in detail at the same time as the method according to the invention.

[0047] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the apparatus according to the invention from a first viewing direction. The present invention comprises an apparatus 10 which is designed and configured for removing pin bones from fish fillets 13. The apparatus 10 shown comprises at least one pin bone removal device 11. As can be seen from the schematic representation in FIG. 3, the apparatus according to the invention comprises a conveying device 12 which is designed and configured to convey the fish fillets 13 past the at least one pin bone removal device 11. For the sake of clarity, only one of the pin bone removal devices 11 is shown in the drawing. Preferably, however, a plurality of the pin bone removal devices 11 are arranged side by side above the conveying device 12 so that a plurality of the fish fillets 13 can be handled or processed in parallel. In this case, the conveying device 12 has a corresponding width in order to convey a plurality of the fish fillets 13 lying side by side in parallel.

[0048] The pin bone removal device 11 comprises a rotationally driven profiled roller 14 which with a counter-bearing element 15 forms a clamping gap 16. The roller 14 and the counter-bearing element 15 are designed to grasp the pin bones 17 in the clamping gap 16 by clamping and to remove said bones from the fish fillets 13 by applying tensile force. In other words, the pin bones 17, protruding from the fish fillet 13 or that are seizable due to the pressure of the pin bone removal device 11, arrive in the clamping gap 16 and are grasped by means of the rotationally driven profiled roller 14 and pulled out of the fish fillets 13. Advantageously, the counter-bearing element 15 and the roller 14 are designed to be controllably moved with respect to each other by control means 18. In this way, the width of the clamping gap 16 can be adjusted arbitrarily during operation of the apparatus 10 according to the invention.

[0049] The sequence of the method according to the invention is therefore as follows. To remove the pin bones 17 from the fish fillets 13, said fish fillets are conveyed past at least one of the pin bone removal devices 11 by means of the conveying device 12. The pin bones 17 are grasped by clamping by means of the pin bone removal device 11 by holding them in the clamping gap 16. When the pin bones 17 enter the clamping gap 16, which is formed by the rotationally driven profiled roller 14 and the counter-bearing element 15, a tensile force is applied to the pin bones 17 and they are thus removed from the fish fillets 13. The method according to the invention is characterised in particular in that the counter-bearing element 15 and the roller 14 are moved with respect to each other by the control means 18.

[0050] The control means 18 preferably comprise a control device with at least one actuator 19. The control device or the control means 18 is or are designed to move the counter-bearing element 15 and the roller 14 with respect to each other by means of the at least one actuator 19 from a clamping position to a cleaning position and vice versa.

[0051] The clamping position is shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, while FIGS. 5 and 9 each illustrate the cleaning position. Moving of the counter-bearing element 15 with respect to the roller 14 from the clamping position to the cleaning position takes place by expanding the clamping gap 16. The respective one of the actuators 19 is in operative connection with the counter-bearing element 15. It should be noted that the drawing only shows one possible embodiment of the present invention by way of example, in which the counter-bearing element 15 is designed to be movable by means of the actuator 19. In contrast, the rotationally driven profiled roller 14 is substantially fixed.

[0052] Alternatively, it is possible for the counter-bearing element 15 to be fixed in relation to the apparatus 10, while the roller 14 is designed to be movable in its position with respect to the counter-bearing element 15 by means of the actuator 19. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, which is not shown in the drawing, both the counter-bearing element 15 and also the roller 14 are designed to be controllably moved.

[0053] The pin bone removal device 11 is preferably designed to be controllably moved with respect to the conveying device 12 by means of at least one further actuator 20. In this way, it is possible to lower the pin bone removal device 11 in the direction of the conveying device 12 or to raise it in relation to the conveying device 12. The corresponding positions are shown in the detailed views of FIGS. 6 and 7 respectively. FIG. 6 shows the apparatus according to the invention in a lowered position, while FIG. 7 show the apparatus according to the invention in a raised position. In the lowered position, the pin bone removal device 11 is in any case lowered so far in the direction of the conveying device 12 by means of the further actuator 20 that the pin bone removal device 11 comes into contact with the fish fillets 13, conveyed by means of the conveying device 12, to remove the pin bones 17. In contrast, in the raised position the pin bone removal device 11 comes free of the fish fillets 13 such that a self-cleaning effect is achieved due to the spatial distance between the pin bone removal device 11 and the conveying device 12.

[0054] As shown in FIG. 1 to 7, the conveying device 12 preferably comprises a supporting element. The fish fillets 13 are conveyed by means of a conveyor belt 22which for the sake of clarity is shown only in FIG. 3in a conveying direction 23. The supporting element 21 is arranged below the conveying plane formed by the conveyor belt 22. Further preferably, the supporting element 21 is designed as a supporting table. The supporting element 21 preferably comprises inclined planes 24 in each case. The inclined planes 24 each merge into a supporting area 25 which is oriented horizontally or substantially horizontally.

[0055] The distance between the pin bone removal device 11 and the conveying device 12 is preferably designed to be adjustable. Thus, it is possible to freely adjust the smallest possible distance of the pin bone removal device 11 in the lowered position shown in FIG. 6. In this way, the apparatus 10 according to the invention can be flexibly adjusted to various processing situations and/or fish fillet types. The control means 18 is further preferably designed to preset the aforementioned distance. This enables adjustment of the smallest distance between the pin bone removal device 11 and the conveying device 12 in the lowered position during ongoing operation.

[0056] The pin bone removal device 11 according to the invention is preferably arranged in an inclined position with respect to the conveying direction 23. In other words, the pin bone removal device 11 is not arranged at right angles to the conveying device 12 and the conveying direction 23 but rather is oriented obliquely. This offers the advantage that the tensile force acting on the pin bones 13 due to the roller 14 and the counter-bearing element 15 is also directed obliquely. In this way, the tensile force acts substantially in the growth direction of the pin bones 17 in the fish fillets 13, that is longitudinally axial with respect to the pin bones 17. As a result, this prevents transverse tensile forces on the pin bones 17, which forces are often responsible for causing the pin bones 17 to break off during removal and which would lead to incomplete removal of the pin bones 17 from the fish fillets 13.

[0057] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the bearing force with which the pin bone removal device 11 acts on the fish fillets 13 is designed to be variably adjustable by the control means 18. In this way, it is achieved that the roller 14 acts on the fish fillets 13 with a defined bearing force. The further actuator 20 fulfils a dual function for this purpose. On the one hand, the further actuator 20 is designed to move the pin bone removal device 11 in the vertical direction between the cleaning position and the lowered position. On the other hand, the further actuator 20 is designed in such a self-resetting way that this produces a defined bearing force on the fish fillets 13.

[0058] Further preferably, the control device with the control means 18 comprises a position determination device 26 which is designed and configured for position determination of the fish fillets 13 conveyed past the pin bone removal device 11. The position determination device 26 is preferably designed as an optical sensor system, for example as a camera or a light barrier. The position data or position signals provided by the position determination device 26 are evaluated by the control means for position determination. Alternatively, it is possible for the position determination device 26 to comprise appropriate evaluation means in addition to the aforementioned sensor system. The evaluation means are appropriately designed to evaluate the signals or data provided by the optical system for determining the position of the fish fillets 13 and thus to identify the corresponding position data or signals. In this case, the position determination device 26 supplies corresponding position data of the fish fillets 13 to the control means 18 in which the position data of the fish fillets 13 are processed immediately.

[0059] Advantageously, the position determination device 26 is further designed to determine first points in time at which boneless areas 27 of the fish fillets 13 are conveyed past in the area of the clamping gap 16. Thus, information based on the first points in time is provided in the control means 18 which indicates at what point in time one of the fish fillets 13 is located within the operating area of the pin bone removal device 11 and whether pin bones 17 are to be removed instantly or whether, if necessary, boneless areas are to pass through the pin bone removal device 11.

[0060] The position determination device 26 is preferably further designed to determine 35 second points in time at which the area of the clamping gap 16 is free of fish fillets. In this way, non-occupied areas 28, that is areas free of fish fillets, are detected and referenced via the second points determined.

[0061] The position determination device 26 is preferably designed to cause the control means 18 to transfer the counter-bearing element 15 to the cleaning position within specified time intervals, at the first points in time and/or at the second points in time respectively. Transferring to the cleaning position is effected by the at least one actuator 19 which is appropriately activated for this purpose by the control means 18. In this case, it is possible to move both the counter-bearing element 15 by means of the actuator 19 and also to move the roller 14 in relation to the counter-bearing element 15 by means of the actuator 19.

[0062] In other words, the control means are designed to cause the cleaning position to be assumed in each case when boneless areas 27 or non-occupied areas 28 pass through. The different positions of the counter-bearing element 15 in the clamping position or in the cleaning position can be seen in particular from the detailed views according to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5. According to the embodiment shown there, the counter-bearing element 15 is designed and configured to be controllably moved by the actuator 19 arranged thereon. However, as mentioned at the outset, alternatively it is also possible to design the roller 14 to be controllably moved by the actuator 19, while the counter-bearing element 15 is fixed with respect to the pin bone removal device 11.

[0063] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, which is not shown in the drawing, it is provided to design both the counter-bearing element 15 and also the roller 14 to be controllably moved in such a manner that in each case both are moved with respect to each other in order to be transferred from the clamping position to the cleaning position and vice versa. Advantageously, the position determination device 26 is further designed to cause the control means 18 to temporarily enlarge the distance between the conveying device 12 and the pin bone removal device 11 by means of the at least one further actuator 20 within the specified time intervals, at the first points in time and/or at the second points in time respectively. Preferably, for this purpose the further actuator 20 is in operative connection with the pin bone removal device 11 such that said pin bone removal device 11 can be moved from a lowered position to a raised position and vice versa. Detailed views of the apparatus according to the invention in the lowered position and raised position are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 respectively. The operative connection between the further actuator 20 and the pin bone removal device 11 is preferably established by means of a parallel rocker 29. Alternatively, it is possible to arrange the further actuator 20 directly on the pin bone removal device 11.

[0064] Advantageously, the counter-bearing element 15 is evasively mounted by means of the at least one actuator 19 under application of a restoring force for clamping the pin bones 17. The actuator 19 therefore fulfils a dual function. On the one hand, the actuator 19 is designed to move the counter-bearing element 15 and the roller 14 with respect to each other. On the other hand, the actuator is designed in the manner of a spring element which acts on the counter-bearing element 15 with a restoring force directed in the direction of the roller 14. In this way, the counter-bearing element 15 is automatically pressed in the direction of the roller 14 and in this way the required clamping force is provided for clamping the pin bones 17. The control means 18 are preferably designed such that the minimum width of the clamping gap 16 can be preset via them. In this way, the width of the clamping gap 16 can be adjusted in each case to the fish fillets 13 to be processed with the result that an optimum removal of the pin bones 17 is always ensured.

[0065] Further preferably, the magnitude of the restoring force applied by the control means 18 is designed and configured to be variably adjustable. Thus the clamping force acting on the pin bones 17 located in the clamping gap 16 can also be optimally adjusted to the conditions of the fish fillets 13 to be processed.

[0066] The further detailed views according to FIGS. 8 and 9 show the apparatus according to the invention with the counter-bearing element 15 in the clamping position and cleaning position respectively. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the counter-bearing element 15 is preferably mounted in a floating manner. The counter-bearing element 15 is therefore mounted in such a way that, on clamping the pin bones 17 in the clamping gap 16, not only does it yield in parallel displacement with respect to the rotational axis of the roller 14, but if need be it also allows for a certain oblique orientation. In this way, for example, it is possible to apply a substantially constant clamping force to pin bones 17 of differing thickness over the width of the roller 14. The counter-bearing element 15 is preferably mounted with its peripheral areas 32, 33 forming sliding guides 30, 31 respectively.

[0067] A holding-down clamp 35 is preferably arranged in the entry area 34 of the fish fillets 13 to the pin bone removal device 11. The holding-down clamp 35 together with the feed-side inclined plane 24 forms a feed hopper 36. The holding-down clamp 35 is preferably formed from a plurality of rod-shaped elements 37. The rod-shaped elements 37 are arranged in the manner of a grid. Reference is made to FIG. 10 for the further construction of the holding-down clamp 35 which shows the detailed view of the apparatus according to the invention shown in FIG. 8 viewed from below.

[0068] Further preferably, the pin bone removal device 11 according to the invention comprises a suction device 38 by means of which the removed pin bones 17 are sucked away. Furthermore, a flushing devicenot shown in the drawingcan be provided in the area of the roller 14 or the counter-bearing element 15, by means of which an additional cleaning effect of the roller 14 or the counter-bearing element 15 can be achieved by flushing using flushing fluid. The flushing device is preferably connected to the control means 18 such that a cleaning process is brought about by flushing using the flushing device, in particular in the raised position and/or in the cleaning position. Air or compressed air is further preferably used as the spray medium.

[0069] Advantageously, the rotational speed of the roller 14 is temporarily increased in the cleaning position in order to remove contamination and bones under the effect of centrifugal force. Further preferably, a temporary reversal of the direction of rotation is provided for this purpose.