Fuel composition rich in aromatic compounds, paraffins and ethers, and use thereof in motor vehicles

Abstract

The object of the present invention is a fuel composition comprising: (i) from 50 to 79% by mass of a mixture of hydrocarbons comprising: a) from 35 to 55% by mass of aromatic compounds; b) from 30 to 50% by mass of non-cyclic paraffins containing at least 5 carbon atoms; and c) from 5 to 15% by mass of naphthenes; (ii) from 20 to 40% by mass of one or more ethers; and (iii) from 1 to 10% by mass of butane.

This composition is useful for supplying a controlled-ignition engine, in automobile vehicles intended for general-public applications or for competition.

Claims

1A fuel composition comprising: (i) from 50 to 79% by mass of a mixture of hydrocarbons comprising: a) from 35 to 55% by mass of aromatic compounds; b) 30 to 50% by mass of non-cyclic paraffins containing at least 5 carbon atoms; and c) from 5 to 15% by mass of naphthenes; (ii) from 20 to 40% by mass of one or more ethers; and (iii) from 1 to 10% by mass of butane.

2. The fuel composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the mixture of hydrocarbons (i) represents from 55 to 75% by mass with respect to the total mass of the fuel composition.

3. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the aromatic compounds (i)a) are selected from alkylbenzenes comprising from 7 to 12 carbon atoms.

4. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of aromatic compounds (i)a) ranges from 40 to 53% by mass with respect to the mass of the mixture of hydrocarbons (i).

5. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-cyclic paraffins (i)b) are selected from paraffins comprising from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.

6. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of hydrocarbons (i) contains from 5 to 10% by mass n-paraffins and from 20 to 45% by mass iso-paraffins.

7. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of paraffins (i)b) ranges from 32 to 45% by mass with respect to the mass of the mixture of hydrocarbons (i).

8. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the naphthenes (i)c) are selected from cyclic alkanes containing from 5 to 10 carbon atoms.

9. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of naphthenes (i)c) ranges from 7 to 13% by mass with respect to the mass of the mixture of hydrocarbons (i).

10. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the ether or ethers are selected from the compounds of formula R—O—R′, wherein R and R′, identical or different, represent a C1 to C5 alkyl radical.

11. The fuel composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the ether or ethers are selected from the compounds of formula R—O—R′, wherein R represents a C1 or C2 alkyl radical and R′ represents a C3, C4 or C5 alkyl radical.

12. The fuel composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the ether or ethers are selected from methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), tert-amyl ethyl ether (TAEE), and mixtures of these compounds.

13. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that its total ether content ranges from 22 to 35% by mass with respect to the total mass of the fuel composition.

14. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that its butane content ranges from 1.5 to 8% by mass with respect to the total mass of the fuel composition.

15. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises no more than 2.5% by mass olefins.

16. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it further contains one or more alcohols.

17. The fuel composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the alcohol or alcohols are present in a proportion ranging from 1 to 10% by mass.

18. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of hydrocarbons (i) comes from plant raw materials.

19. The fuel composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least 50% by mass of one or more biosourced bases.

20. (canceled)

21. (canceled)

22. A method of using Use of the composition as defined in claim 1 for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, determined in accordance with the Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0123] The following examples were implemented using a base B of biosourced hydrocarbons resulting from the transformation of bio-alcohol resulting from the transformation of biomass.

[0124] The base B has the following composition:

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Compounds Content (% by mass) Olefins 2.50 C6 to C11 aromatic compounds 46.6 C5 to C9 n-paraffins 6.3 C5 to C11 isoparaffins, including 29.8 C5 to C7 22.3 Naphthenes 12 Butane, including 2.8 n-butane 1.5 isobutane 1.3

[0125] A fuel composition C according to the invention was prepared, by mixing: −66% by mass of base B; [0126] −34% by mass of ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE).

[0127] The fuel C according to the invention, containing a biosourced base in a very large proportion as well as ETBE, made it possible to obtain satisfactory performances in terms of net calorific value (NCV) and octane number (RON).

[0128] This composition procures a reduction of 65% in the greenhouse gas emissions, this reduction being determined in accordance with the method defined in annex V part C of the Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council.