Abstract
The invention relates to a method for mounting segments on and dismounting segments from a roller shaft. These segments are braced on the roller shaft via at least one bracing element in a receptacle provided for this purpose and are thus frictionally and form-fittingly connected in their position.
Claims
1. A method for mounting segments on a roller shaft, comprising the following steps: I: placing a first segment on the roller shaft, II: positioning a segment by aligning support surfaces of the segment with corresponding counterparts of the roller shaft for multiple or double support, III: arranging at least one mounting fastener on the segment to secure it in place, IV: placing at least a second segment on the roller shaft, V: positioning the at least one segment by placing the support surfaces on the corresponding counterparts of the roller shaft, VI: arranging at least one mounting fastener on the at least a second segment to fix it in place, VII: inserting at least one bracing element into at least one radially arranged structural configuration, which is suitable for receiving, in the at least two segments on the roller shaft, VIII: bracing the inserted bracing elements to fix the segments in place relative to each other and with respect to the roller shaft, and IX: removing the at least one mounting fastener.
2. A method for dismounting segments, which have been mounted according to claim 1, from a roller shaft, comprising the following steps: I: arranging at least one mounting fastener on the existing at least two segments to secure them in place, II: releasing the inserted and prestressed bracing elements, III: removing the bracing elements, IV: releasing the at least one mounting fastener of a first segment, V: removing a first segment from the roller shaft, VI: releasing the at least one mounting fastener of at least a second segment, VII: removing the at least second segment from the roller shaft, and VIII: repeating steps VI and VII until all segments to be removed have been completely dismounted.
3. The method for dismounting segments according to claim 2, wherein, after the removal of the bracing elements, said bracing elements are set down on the roller shaft or next to the roller.
4. A segmented roller, comprising at least one roller shaft, at least two segments, and at least one radially arranged bracing element, wherein the roller shaft is designed as an n-gon, wherein each segment is supported on the roller shaft with multiple support, and wherein support surfaces form at least one common corner/transition of the roller shaft and surfaces are supported thereon.
5. The segmented roller according to claim 4, wherein the roller shaft achieves a form fit by means of multiple support of the segments across corners.
6. The segmented roller according to claim 4, wherein the multiple support of the segments on the roller shaft is a double support, this double support resulting from at least two adjacent surfaces.
7. The segmented roller according to claim 4, wherein the at least one bracing element rests radially in at least one groove on end faces of the segments and presses said segments against the shaft by means of a friction fit, said segments being prestressed during use.
8. The segmented roller according to claim 4, wherein the segments have mounting fasteners on at least one end face, said mounting fasteners surrounding the shape of the roller shaft.
9. The segmented roller according to claim 4, wherein the mounting fasteners are detachably or non-detachably connected to the respective segments.
10. The segmented roller according to claim 4, wherein the mounting fasteners have openings for the detachable arrangement of the segments on the roller shaft.
11. The segmented roller according to claim 4, wherein the segments have variable dimensions and material thicknesses, said segments being made of different materials and material combinations.
12. The segmented roller according to claim 7, wherein the roller shaft achieves a form fit by means of multiple support of the segments across corners.
13. The segmented roller according to claim 7, wherein the multiple support of the segments on the roller shaft is a double support, this double support resulting from at least two adjacent surfaces.
14. The segmented roller according to claim 12, wherein the segments have mounting fasteners on at least one end face, said mounting fasteners surrounding the shape of the roller shaft.
15. The segmented roller according to claim 13, wherein the segments have mounting fasteners on at least one end face, said mounting fasteners surrounding the shape of the roller shaft.
16. The segmented roller according to claim 14, wherein the mounting fasteners are detachably or non-detachably connected to the respective segments.
17. The segmented roller according to claim 15, wherein the mounting fasteners are detachably or non-detachably connected to the respective segments.
18. The segmented roller according to claim 16, wherein the mounting fasteners have openings for the detachable arrangement of the segments on the roller shaft.
19. The segmented roller according to claim 17, wherein the mounting fasteners have openings for the detachable arrangement of the segments on the roller shaft.
20. A method for comminuting or compacting bulk material, said method comprising contacting the bulk material with the segmented roller according to claim 4.
Description
EMBODIMENT
[0063] The invention will be explained in greater detail below with reference to an embodiment. The embodiment is intended to describe the invention without limiting it.
[0064] In the drawings:
[0065] FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a roller shaft according to the invention,
[0066] FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segment according to the invention in a half-shell outside view,
[0067] FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segment according to the invention in a half-shell inside view,
[0068] FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segment according to the invention in a quarter-shell outside view,
[0069] FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segment according to the invention in a quarter-shell inside view,
[0070] FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segmented roller according to the invention in a sectional view,
[0071] FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segmented roller according to the invention in a half-shell exploded view,
[0072] FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segmented roller according to the invention in a half-shell isometric view,
[0073] FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segmented roller according to the invention in a quarter-shell exploded view,
[0074] FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segmented roller according to the invention in a quarter-shell exploded view.
[0075] FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a roller shaft 1 according to the invention in which the roller shaft and roller core are integral. The support surfaces of the roller shaft 10 can be seen here, on the outer regions of which the receptacles for the mounting means 11 are provided. Chamfers 12 are arranged between the support surfaces. Furthermore, it can be seen that the roller shaft has connections 13 and roller core 14, which are integral components of the roller shaft. The design of the roller shaft 1 shown here is suitable for receiving or forming the shell over two, as well as over four, segments.
[0076] FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a segment 2 according to the invention, in this case in the embodiment as a half-shell in the outside view. The support surfaces 20 of the segment, the passages for mounting means 21, a groove, here provided circumferentially, and the segment working surface 22 can be seen here. The segment 2 has two mounting means passages 21 on each end face, by means of which said segment is secured on the roller shaft during mounting/dismounting. The provided groove 5 serves to accommodate the bracing element(s). The design as a half-shell, i.e. two segments on the roller shaft, is the minimum for radial dismounting; however, there can also be significantly more (e.g. four segments, see FIG. 4, for example). There are no restrictions with regard to the shape, number, and material of the segments. The number of segments only needs to be matched to the support surfaces 20 of the segments and the support surfaces of the roller shaft. According to the invention, it is possible to profile the roller surface or the segment working surface 22 for improved infeed or to suitably hollow them for briquetting presses. The segment can be designed as a one-piece solid segment (e.g. white cast iron) or as a multi-piece composite segment (with sintered wear plates, grid armour, or build-up welding on the segment surface). The gap between adjacent segments must be dimensioned in such a way that material can settle there, thus achieving autogenous protection against wear, and cannot flow away laterally, so that erosion in the gap region is prevented.
[0077] FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segment 2 according to the invention, in this case as a half-shell in the inside view. The support surfaces 20 of the segment can be clearly seen; in the case of half-shells, these are one full support surface and two half support surfaces. Furthermore, a groove 5 can be seen on each end face. These are used to receive bracing elements. The passages 21 for the mounting means can also be seen. Two of these are arranged on each end face.
[0078] FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segment 2 according to the invention, which can be seen here as a quarter-shell in the outside view. In the case of quarter-shells, four segments are required on the circumference of the roller. For this purpose, a groove 5 is provided on each end face in this segment. In addition, a passage 21 for mounting means is provided in each case on in the edges of the support surfaces 20. The freely configurable working surface 22 of the segment is also shown here.
[0079] FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segment 2 according to the invention, which can be seen here as a quarter-shell in the inside view. The two grooves 5 are also shown here, as are the four passages 21 for mounting means. One of these is provided in each support surface 20 and end face.
[0080] FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segmented roller according to the invention; this is shown here in a sectional view and in a perspective view. The figure shows the roller shaft 1, which is shown with hatching. A bearing 3 is arranged on the outer ends of this roller shaft 1, by means of which bearing the segmented roller is supported and guided in a housing. A segment 2, designed here as a half-shell, adjoins the centre of the roller shaft 1. This segment 2 has a radially circumferential groove 5 on each end face. A bracing element 6 is inserted and prestressed in this groove 5. The bracing element 6 is shown with hatching because it is designed to be fully circumferential and has therefore been sectioned in the view.
[0081] FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segmented roller according to the invention. The segments 2 shown are half-shells in an exploded view of a segmented roller. The roller shaft 1, on which two segments 2 with corresponding mounting means 4 are provided, is shown from the inside to the outside. The bracing elements 6 can be seen axially outward next to the segments 2. When installed, these bracing elements are arranged in the grooves 5 and brace the segments 2 against one another and against the roller shaft 1. The bearings 3 axially adjoin the bracing elements 6.
[0082] FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segmented roller according to the invention, with half-shells in an isometric view. This is intended to clarify how the segments 2 with the bracing elements 6 are arranged on the roller shaft 1 with the respective bearings 3 assembled together. The bracing elements 6 generate a force when they are prestressed which braces the segments 2 against the roller shaft 1.
[0083] FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segmented roller according to the invention, with quarter-shells in an exploded view. The four segments 2 all have a groove 5 on each end face which serves to receive the bracing elements 6. The support surfaces on the roller shaft 1 comprise the passage or receptacle for the mounting means 4 on the end faces thereof. The bracing elements 6, by means of which said segments are braced against each other and the roller shaft 1, are arranged in the grooves 4. The bearings 3, which guide the segmented roller in a housing (not shown here), can also be seen.
[0084] FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a segmented roller according to the invention, here with quarter-shells in an isometric view. The four segments 2 on the roller shaft 1, which are braced on said roller shaft by means of the bracing elements 6, can be seen. The bearings 3, which are used for bearing in a housing, can also be seen. The embodiment shown here likewise shows the mounting means and the bracing elements 6 in the installed state. This is only the case during mounting or dismounting. During use, the mounting means are preferably removed again, thus dispensing with the position-securing of said mounting means.
LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS
[0085] 1 Roller shaft, roller core [0086] 2 Segment [0087] 3 Bearing [0088] 4 Mounting means [0089] 5 Groove [0090] 6 Bracing element [0091] 10 Roller shaft support surface [0092] 11 Mounting means receptacle [0093] 12 Support surface chamfer [0094] 13 Roller shaft connection, integral [0095] 14 Roller-shaft roller core, integral [0096] 20 Segment support surface [0097] 21 Mounting means passage [0098] 22 Segment working surface
