Clothing And Method For Producing A Clothing

Abstract

A clothing, in particular a forming belt for a machine for producing or processing a fibrous web, includes a paper side, a backing side, a basic structure and at least one further structure. The at least one further structure is formed of or includes a layer of polymer foam providing the paper side of the clothing. A method for producing the clothing is also provided.

Claims

1-15. (canceled)

16. A clothing or a forming belt for a machine for producing or processing a fibrous web, the clothing comprising: a paper side; a backing side; a basic structure; and at least one further structure formed of or including a layer of polymer foam providing said paper side.

17. The clothing according to claim 16, wherein said layer of polymer foam has an anisotropic pore structure.

18. The clothing according to claim 16, wherein said layer of polymer foam is configured to be compressed in a thickness direction by more than 10% in a compressive stressing of the clothing of 50 kPa as compared to an initial thickness under a compressive stressing of 6 kPa.

19. The clothing according to claim 16, wherein said layer of polymer foam is configured to be compressed in a thickness direction by more than 15% in a compressive stressing of the clothing of 50 kPa as compared to an initial thickness under a compressive stressing of 6 kPa.

20. The clothing according to claim 16, wherein said layer of polymer foam is configured to be compressed in a thickness direction by more than 20% in a compressive stressing of the clothing of 50 kPa as compared to an initial thickness under a compressive stressing of 6 kPa.

21. The clothing according to claim 18, wherein said layer of polymer foam is configured to expand back to substantially the initial thickness in a subsequent compressive de-stressing of the clothing from 50 kPa to 6 kPa.

22. The clothing according to claim 19, wherein said layer of polymer foam is configured to expand back to substantially the initial thickness in a subsequent compressive de-stressing of the clothing from 50 kPa to 6 kPa.

23. The clothing according to claim 20, wherein said layer of polymer foam is configured to expand back to substantially the initial thickness in a subsequent compressive de-stressing of the clothing from 50 kPa to 6 kPa.

24. The clothing according to claim 16, wherein said layer of polymer foam is formed of or includes an elastomer or a polyurethane.

25. The clothing according to claim 16, wherein said layer of polymer foam has an area weight of between 60 g/m.sup.2 and 300 g/m.sup.2.

26. The clothing according to claim 16, wherein said layer of polymer foam has a raw density of between 100 kg/m.sup.3 and 700 kg/m.sup.3.

27. The clothing according to claim 16, wherein the clothing has a permeability of between 100 CFM and 700 CFM.

28. The clothing according to claim 16, wherein the clothing has a permeability of between 200 CFM and 600 CFM.

29. The clothing according to claim 16, which further comprises a structure or a uniform structure incorporated in said layer of polymer foam.

30. A method for producing a clothing or a forming belt for a machine for producing or processing a fibrous web, the method comprising the following steps: a) providing a basic structure; b) providing at least one further structure formed of or including a layer of polymer foam; c) connecting the at least one further structure to the basic structure; and d) compacting the layer of polymer foam under an influence of at least one of pressure or temperature.

31. The method according to claim 30, which further comprises carrying out the step of connecting the at least one further structure to the basic structure by welding, laser transmission welding or adhesive bonding.

32. The method according to claim 30, which further comprises carrying out the step of compacting the layer of polymer foam at least one of before or after the step of connecting the at least one layer of polymer foam to the basic structure.

33. The method according to claim 30, which further comprises providing the layer of polymer foam after the compacting step with a thickness of less than 30% of an initial thickness.

34. The method according to claim 30, which further comprises providing the layer of polymer foam after the compacting step with a thickness of less than 25% of an initial thickness.

35. The method according to claim 30, which further comprises providing the layer of polymer foam after the compacting step with a thickness of less than 20% of an initial thickness.

36. The method according to claim 30, which further comprises transferring a structure onto or into or embossing a structure in the layer of polymer foam.

37. The method according to claim 36, which further comprises carrying out the step of transferring the structure simultaneously with the step of compacting the layer of polymer foam.

38. A clothing or a forming belt for a machine for producing or processing a fibrous web, the clothing comprising: a paper side; a backing side; a basic structure; at least one further structure formed of or including a layer of polymer foam providing said paper side; said layer of polymer foam having a raw density of between 100 kg/m.sup.3 and 700 kg/m.sup.3; and said layer of polymer foam being configured to be compressed in a thickness direction by more than 10% in a compressive stressing of the clothing of 50 kPa as compared to an initial thickness under a compressive stressing of 6 kPa.

39. The clothing according to claim 38, wherein said layer of polymer foam is configured to be compressed in a thickness direction by more than 15% in a compressive stressing of the clothing of 50 kPa as compared to an initial thickness under a compressive stressing of 6 kPa.

40. The clothing according to claim 38, wherein said layer of polymer foam is configured to be compressed in a thickness direction by more than 20% in a compressive stressing of the clothing of 50 kPa as compared to an initial thickness under a compressive stressing of 6 kPa.

41. The clothing according to claim 16, wherein said layer of polymer foam is disposed on only one side of said basic structure.

Description

[0052] The invention will be explained in more detail hereunder by means of schematic figures in which:

[0053] FIGS. 1 and 2 show two embodiments of a clothing according to the invention; and

[0054] FIG. 3 shows a fragment from the surface of a roller for transferring a structure onto a foam layer.

[0055] The construction of a clothing 1 such as can be used as a forming belt 1, for example, is shown in a very schematic manner in FIG. 1. The clothing in the embodiment shown here comprises a woven fabric 3 which makes available the basic structure 3. A layer of polymer foam 2 is fastened to this basic structure 3. Said layer of polymer foam 2 can be composed of a polyurethane soft foam, for example. Said layer of polymer foam 2 also makes available the paper-contacting side 5 of the clothing. The pores 4 of the layer of polymer foam 2 in the clothing shown in FIG. 1 are anisotropic. This can be implemented, for example, in that a standard polymer foam which usually has isotropic pores has been compacted by way of a compacting step by means of pressure and/or temperature. On account thereof, apart from the thickness of the foam layer 2, also the shape of the pores 4 is changed. Said pores 4 are deformed in the thickness direction.

[0056] A potential production method for a clothing as shown in FIG. 1 is to be explained by way of an exemplary embodiment. A woven basic structure 3 is first made available in the example. Said woven basic structure 3 is woven from polyester filaments. Moreover, a foam in the form of a reticulated polyurethane soft foam is made available. Said reticulated polyurethane soft foam in the example has a thickness of 4 mm and a pore density of 45 PPI. Laser transmission welding represents a suitable method for connecting the layers of polymer foam 2 to the basic structure 3. A NIR laser having a wavelength of 940 nm is used in the example. Said NIR laser was pressed fitted at a joining pressure of approx. 20 N/cm. In laser transmission welding it is particularly advantageous for the polymer foam 2 to fully or partially absorb the laser light while the base structure 3 is fully or largely transparent to the laser light. This was achieved in the example by dying the polymer foam, an anthracite-colored foam being used herein. On account of the choice of a basic woven fabric of polyester, the laser light was able to first penetrate the basic structure 3 and said laser light was thereafter absorbed by the polymer foam. The heat required for welding was thus generated at the connection location between the basic structure 3 and the foam layer 2. This is a principle that is usual in laser transmission welding.

[0057] The laminate thus connected was then compacted under pressure at a temperature of approx. 190 C. The resulting clothing 1 had a permeability of 400 cfm at a thickness of 1.07 mm (measured at 6 kPa pressure). The proportion of the basic structure 3 in the example herein was 0.49 mm, the proportion of the foam layer 2 was 0.58 mm. At an initial thickness of the foam of 4 mm, said foam by the method was compacted to 14.5% of the initial thickness thereof.

[0058] At a pressure of 50 kPa, the laminate 1 was compressed to 0.91 mm, wherein the thickness of the foam layer 2 was 0.42 mm. At this pressure, the foam layer was thus further compressed by 27%. When releasing the pressure to 6 kPa, the foam layer expanded again to the initial thickness thereof (within the range of measuring accuracy).

[0059] In experiments of the applicant, a surprisingly higher dry content than in comparable screens without a foam layer 2 could also be achieved in a paper by way of the clothing described in the example. The reduced tendency toward marking could also be demonstrated herein.

[0060] FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a clothing according to the invention in which the basic structure 3a is made available by a permeable film structure 3a. The film structure 3a herein can be a single perforated film. Alternatively, such a film structure per se can be constructed from a laminate of different films. Connecting the foam layer 2 and the basic structure 3a herein can be performed by welding or adhesive bonding, for example.

[0061] FIG. 3 shows a fragment of the surface of a roller for transferring a structure onto a foam layer. The roller in the example shown here has raised structural elements 11a, 11b which are embossed into a layer of polymer foam 2. Moreover, the fragment in FIG. 3 has a multiplicity of structural elements 10 which are embodied as round depressions in the roller surface. These structural elements are transferred as raised elements onto the foam layer 2.

[0062] In the case of the example shown in FIG. 3, both the roller surface as well as the raised structural elements 11a, 11b are embodied from metal. However, it can also be provided that said raised structural elements 11a, 11b are fully or partially composed of a non-heat-conducting material, for example of a polymer. While transferring the structural elements 10, 11a, 11b to the polymer foam 2 in principle can be performed in a separate operating step prior to or subsequent to the production of the clothing, the transfer is however often advantageously performed conjointly with compacting the foam layer. In this way, one process step in the production of the clothing can be dispensed with. Moreover, no additional devices are required for this transfer.