COMPOSITE MATERIAL PART WITH METALLIC INSERT

Abstract

A method of manufacturing a composite part comprises placing a composite material part comprising fibers and a thermoplastic resin on a matrix; moving a presser towards the matrix in order to thermo-stamp the part; and making at least one orifice in the part by moving at least one punch through the part and at least one compactor pushing back the material of the part moved by the punch and forming a shoulder around the orifice or one of the orifices. This method also comprises a step of placing a metal insert on the shoulder of the or at least one of the orifices.

Claims

1. A method of manufacturing a composite part, comprising the following steps: placing a composite material part comprising fibers and a thermoplastic resin on a matrix; moving a presser towards the matrix in order to thermo-stamp the part; making at least one orifice in the part by moving at least one punch through the part and at least one compactor pushing back the material of the part moved by the punch and forming a shoulder around the at least one orifice; and placing a metal insert on the shoulder of the at least one orifice.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the shoulder around the at least one orifice forms a closed ring or several segments separated from one another; the corresponding metal insert being mechanically clamped in said ring or said segments, respectively.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein at the step of fitting the metal insert, the insert is moved solely towards the corresponding shoulder in an insertion movement.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the shoulder of the at least one orifice forms segments separated from one another; the part comprising radial notches, and the corresponding insert has a peripheral edge with slots corresponding to said segments, and the step of fitting the metal insert comprises inserting said insert into said segments followed by rotating said insert so as to engage the peripheral edge of said insert in the notches.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the insert is a plate with, around the periphery, a projection in contact with the corresponding shoulder; the face of said insert opposite the projection being aligned with the face of the part opposite said shoulder.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the operation of fitting the metal insert is performed when the part has a mean temperature of above 80 and/or below 120 C.

7. A composite part comprising: a composite material thermo-stamped body comprising fibers and a thermoplastic resin, with at least one fixing orifice; and a metal insert housed in the at least fixing orifice, the body comprising around said orifice a shoulder with a bearing face of the insert, in the median plane of the part at the orifice, and one or more faces perpendicular to the bearing face for positioning said insert.

8. The composite part according to claim 7, wherein the one or more faces for positioning the insert form a closed ring or several segments separated from one another, clamping a peripheral edge of said insert.

9. The composite part according to claim 7, wherein the one or more faces for positioning the shoulder or each of the shoulders form segments separated from one another with radial notches engaging with a peripheral edge of said insert.

10. A motor vehicle comprising a metal structure and at least one composite part of claim 7 fixed to said metal structure; the insert or each insert being fixed to the metal structure.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

[0030] Further features and advantages will become clearer from the description and drawings, in which:

[0031] FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a portion of a composite part according to a first embodiment;

[0032] FIGS. 2 and 3 show, respectively, a cross-sectional top view and a perspective view of the composite part of FIG. 1;

[0033] FIGS. 4 and 5 show a composite part according to a second embodiment;

[0034] FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show a composite part according to a third embodiment;

[0035] FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view of the composite part of FIG. 8;

[0036] FIGS. 10 and 11 show, respectively, a reinforcement of a motor vehicle door made of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite material, and the same reinforcement once fitted to the door of a vehicle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a portion of a composite part 1 according to a first embodiment. This composite part 1 is manufactured in particular by thermo-stamping. This method comprises firstly placing in a mold (not shown) a part 3, preferably a prepreg, made of a composite material that comprises fibers and a thermoplastic resin on a matrix. A presser (not shown) then moves towards the matrix in order to thermo-stamp the part 3; then with the aid of a movable punch (not shown), one or more orifices 5 are made in the part 3. After the punch has passed through the part 3, at least one compactor (not shown) intervenes to push back the material displaced by the punch. This compacting has the effect of forming a shoulder 7, equivalent to a local extra thickness, around the hole(s) 5 so formed. These thermo-stamping steps are well known to a person skilled in the art.

[0038] Although FIG. 1 is a sectional view, it shows that in the first embodiment of the part 1, the shoulder 7 formed around the, or at least one of, the holes 5 in fact constitutes a closed ring in which the insert 9 is mechanically clamped. The shoulder 7 comprises in particular a bearing face 11 against which the insert 9 can abut, as well as a positioning face 13, the latter ensuring in particular the clamping of the insert 9.

[0039] The metal insert 9 itself comprises a metal plate, the shape of which corresponds to the geometry of the or at least one orifice 5. Thus, during the last step of the method of manufacturing the composite part 1, which comprises fitting the or each of the inserts 9 onto a shoulder 7 of the or at least one orifice 5, each insert 9 is moved solely towards the corresponding shoulder 7 in an insertion movement. The insertion movement in fact comprises a pressing movement in a direction perpendicular to the median plane of the part at the orifice, which allows the insert(s) 9 to be clamped into the corresponding shoulder 7. As shown in FIG. 1, the metal insert 9 is formed by a projection 15, which is in contact with the shoulder 7 of the composite part 3 concerned, while the face 17 of the insert 9 that is opposite this projection 15 is aligned with the face 18 of the part 3 opposite the shoulder 7.

[0040] FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively, show a cross-sectional top view, and a perspective view of the composite part 1 of FIG. 1. The insert 9 is intentionally omitted in these Figures so as to clearly show the closed ring shape 12 of the positioning face 13 of the shoulder 7, present around the orifice 5 of the part 3, as well as its bearing face 11.

[0041] FIGS. 4-5 and 6-9 show a composite part according to a second embodiment and a third embodiment, respectively. The reference numerals of the first embodiment are used here to designate the identical or corresponding elements, these numerals being increased by 100, however, for the second embodiment, and by 200 for the third embodiment. Reference is also made to the description of these elements within the context of the first embodiment. Specific reference numerals, comprised between 100 and 200 and 200 and 300 respectively, are used to designate specific elements.

[0042] The second embodiment, shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, is distinguished from the first embodiment basically in that the positioning face 113 of the shoulder 107 in the plane of the orifice 105 forms several segments 108 separated from one another. In this case in these Figures, the shoulder 107 comprises three segments 108. However, as with the first embodiment, the step of fitting the insert 109 onto the shoulder 107 of the orifice(s) 105 involves moving the insert 109 in an insertion direction perpendicular to the median plane of the parts at the orifice, so that the peripheral edge of the insert 109 is mechanically clamped with the segments 108. Advantageously, in this second embodiment, the peripheral edge of the metal plate forming the insert 109 has a shape that specifically matches the bearing face 111 of the shoulder concerned, so as to facilitate the clamped fitting of the insert 109.

[0043] In the third embodiment, represented in FIGS. 6 to 9, the positioning faces 213 of the shoulder 207 or of each of the shoulders 207 concerned form segments 208 that are separated from one another and have radial notches 206. The corresponding insert 209 comprises a peripheral edge with slots 210 corresponding to the segments 208; the slots 208 engaging in the radial notches 206 of the segments 208 concerned. In this case, FIG. 6 shows an insert 209 with three slots and positioned over an orifice 205 having one shoulder 207 provided with three segments 208 with one radial notch 206 oriented towards the inside of the orifice 205. The step of fitting the insert in this embodiment also involves a movement of insertion, in a direction perpendicular to the median plane of the part at the orifice, of the insert 209 into the segments 208 (FIG. 7) but this insertion movement is then completed by a rotational movement of the insert 209 so as to be able to engage the peripheral edge of the insert 209 in the notches 206 of the segments 208 (FIG. 8).

[0044] FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the composite part 201 shown in FIG. 8. It shows in particular the peripheral edge of the insert 209 with the projection 215 when it is in contact with the shoulder 207 but also when it is engaged in a notch 206 of a segment 208 of a shoulder 207.

[0045] The method of manufacture of composite parts 1, 101, 201 according to the invention thus enables the creation of lightweight reinforced structural parts that are designed to be fixed, particularly to one or several structural elements of a motor vehicle. These structural parts 1, 101, 201 can take different forms, depending on the mold (matrix and presser) used for their manufacture but they always comprise a thermo-stamped body of composite material with a resin and preferably continuous fibers, and furthermore have at least one fixing orifice 5, 105, 205 in which will be housed a metal insert 9, 109, 209 which will serve to assemble them, for example by welding or any other means of fixing known to a person skilled in the art, to the bodywork or frame of a motor vehicle. This fixing orifice 5, 105, 205 is characterized in particular by the presence of a shoulder 7, 107, 207 around its contour. This shoulder 7, 107, 207 has a bearing face 11, 111, 211 as well as one or more positioning faces 13, 113, 213. In the first embodiment of the part 1 (FIGS. 1-3), the positioning face 13 of the shoulder 7 forms a closed ring 12; and in the second embodiment (FIGS. 4 and 5), the positioning faces 113 of the shoulder 107 form segments 108 separated from one another. However, in these two embodiments, the ring 12 is closed and the segments 108 have the function of clamping a peripheral edge of the insert (9, 109) so as to hold the insert (9, 109) fixed. In the third embodiment (FIGS. 6-9), the positioning faces 213 of the shoulder 207 form segments 208 separated from one another with radial notches 206, which after a rotational movement of the insert 209 engage with the peripheral edge of the insert 209 to hold it fixed in the orifice 205.

[0046] Advantageously, the fitting onto the shoulder 7, 107, 207 of the or at least one of the orifices 5, 105, 205, of a metal insert 9, 109, 209 is achieved advantageously when the part 3, 103, 203 has not yet cooled, in other words when the part 3, 103, 203 has a mean temperature on the order to 100 C., which enables better fixing of the metal insert 9, 109, 209 in the orifice 5, 105, 205 of the corresponding part 3, 103, 203.

[0047] FIG. 10 shows an example of a composite part 1, 101, 201, in this case it is a motor vehicle door reinforcement 21. This part is manufactured according to the manufacturing method described herein. Once the metal inserts 9, 109, 209 (not shown in FIG. 10) are fitted, clamped and locked in the corresponding formed orifices 5, 105, 205, the reinforcing part 21 is then fixed onto the vehicle door. FIG. 11 shows precisely the reinforcing part 21 of FIG. 10 after assembly by welding onto a face directed towards the outside of the vehicle of a door liner 23 of a vehicle.

[0048] Generally speaking, this method enables the fixing of structural parts, made of thermoplastic composite material reinforced by long, continuous fibers, onto the metal structures of motor vehicles to be simplified, and the assembly time of these parts and thus the cost thereof to be reduced. This thus has an economic potential because it can be replicated on any shape of thermoplastic composite parts to be fixed onto the metal structures of a motor vehicle, the assembly of the metal insert(s) of the orifices being achieved by any means of assembly, without affecting the body-in-white assembly process.